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6/1 Web service HTTP Apache (server) MySQL (database)
6/8 HTML5 PHP
WHY WEB SERVICES?
Interoperability has Highest Priority
Web Services take Web-applications to the Next Level
Web Services have Two Types of Uses Reusable application-components Connect existing software
WHAT ARE WEB SERVICES? Web services are application components
Web services communicate using open protocols
Web services are self-contained and self-describing
Web services can be discovered using UDDI
Web services can be used by other applications
XML+HTTP is the basis for Web services
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN XML AND HTML
XML is not a replacement for HTML.
XML and HTML were designed with different goals: XML was designed to transport and store data,
with focus on what data is HTML was designed to display data, with focus
on how data looks
HTML is about displaying information, while XML is about carrying information.
WHAT IS XML ? XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language
XML is a markup language much like HTML
XML was designed to carry data, not to display data
XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags
XML is designed to be self-descriptive
XML is a W3C Recommendation
WEB SERVICES ARCHITECTURE (1)
WEB SERVICES ARCHITECTURE (2)
Web Services have three basic platform elements: SOAP WSDL UDDI
SOAP(SIMPLE OBJECT ACCESS PROTOCOL)
SOAP TOOLS : Microsoft soaptoolkit30
WHAT IS SOAP(SIMPLE OBJECT ACCESS PROTOCOL)?
SOAP is an XML-based protocol to let applications exchange information over HTTP.
Or more simple: SOAP is a protocol for accessing a Web Service. SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP is a communication protocol SOAP is a format for sending messages SOAP is designed to communicate via Internet SOAP is platform independent SOAP is language independent SOAP is based on XML SOAP is simple and extensible SOAP allows you to get around firewalls SOAP is a W3C standard
WSDL(WEB SERVICES DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE)
• 附檔名為 .WSDL, 主要的用途是”描述 Web Service”• 使用共同的標準 , 以便和各種用戶端應用程式相互整合 , 由 IBM 和 Microsoft 共同 研擬
● （ Type ） : 定義各 Element 實際對應之資料型態。● （ Message ） : 定義各輸入、輸出 Message 由哪些參數 Element 所組成。● （ PortType ） : 此 Service 所有 Ports 提供之全部 Operations 的集合。● （ Binding ） : 定義 Binding 所使用的通訊協定，以及提供之 Operations 。
●<service> ： 此 WSDL 文件所要描述的 Web Service 集合。 ●<port> ： 每一個 Port 代表外界 Client 可以和此 Service 溝通的一個進入點，一個 Port 會指定一個Binding 的方式。
WHAT IS WSDL(WEB SERVICES DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE)?
WSDL is an XML-based language for locating and describing Web services. WSDL stands for Web Services Description
Language WSDL is based on XML WSDL is used to describe Web services WSDL is used to locate Web services WSDL is a W3C standard
UDDI(UNIVERSAL DESCRIPTION, DISCOVERY, AND INTEGRATION)
WHAT IS UDDI(UNIVERSAL DESCRIPTION, DISCOVERY, AND INTEGRATION)?
UDDI is a directory service where companies can register and search for Web services. UDDI stands for Universal Description, Discovery
and Integration UDDI is a directory for storing information about
web services UDDI is a directory of web service interfaces
described by WSDL UDDI communicates via SOAP UDDI is built into the Microsoft .NET platform
DISCOVER SERVICE (1) --- WEBSERVICE EXPLORER
DISCOVER SERVICE (2) ---FROM INTERNET
http://www.xmethods.net/ve2/index.po
EX.1-1
Goal : query the price of products
the product ID
EX.1-2
Client 端程式
EX.1-3
回傳結果
EX.2-1
Goal: find the web services by web service
EX.2-2
EX.3
一 : 公司或個人的資訊查詢提供Zip Code Information 查詢美國的郵遞區號Delayed Stock Quote 查詢延遲 20 秒的即時股價Barnes and Noble Price Quote 書本的 ISBN 跟價格查詢California Traffic Conditions 即時的美國高速公路交通狀況
二 : 資料檔案的分散存取及服務XMethods Filesystem 提供 1M 的檔案自由存取空間FTP Service FTP 服務SMTP Server Mail 的 SMTP 服務
三 : 數據遠端分散運算Currency Exchange Rate 兩種匯率的換算MillionaireQuiz 心理測驗 –你是百萬富翁嗎 ? ( 支援行動電話 )
LogFileParser 遠端分析你的 IIS 伺服器的 log 檔
CREATING A NETWORK APP Write programs that
Run on (different) end systems
Communicate over network
e.g., web server software communicates with browser software
No need to write software for network-core devices Network-core devices
do not run user applications
Applications on end systems allows for rapid app development, propagation
CLIENT-SERVER ARCHITECTURE
server Always-on host Permanent IP address Server farms for scaling
clients Communicate with
server May be intermittently
connected May have dynamic IP
addresses Do not communicate
directly with each other
NETWORK APPLICATION
Some network apps E-mail Web Instant messaging Remote login P2P file sharing Multi-user network games Streaming stored video clips Voice over IP Real-time video conferencing Grid computing Cloud computing
APP-LAYER PROTOCOL DEFINES Types of messages
exchanged, e.g., request, response
Message syntax what fields in
messages & how fields are delineated
Message semantics meaning of
information in fields Rules for when and
how processes send & respond to messages
Public-domain protocols defined in RFCs allows for
interoperability e.g., HTTP, SMTP
Proprietary protocols e.g., Skype
WHAT TRANSPORT SERVICE DOES AN APP NEED? Data loss
some apps (e.g., audio) can tolerate some loss
other apps (e.g., file transfer, telnet) require 100% reliable data transfer
Timing some apps (e.g.,
Internet telephony, interactive games) require low delay to be “effective”
Throughput some apps (e.g.,
multimedia) require minimum amount of throughput to be “effective”
other apps (“elastic apps”) make use of whatever throughput they get
Security Encryption, data
integrity, …
WEB AND HTTP
Web page consists of objects Object can be HTML file, JPEG image, Java
applet, audio file,… Web page consists of base HTML-file which
includes several referenced objects Each object is addressable by a URL Example URL:
http://www.ccu.edu.tw/layer2/user_current_student.php
HTTP OVERVIEW
HTTP: hypertext transfer protocol Web’s application layer
protocol client/server model Client
browser that requests, receives, “displays” Web objects
Server Web server sends objects
in response to requests
HTTP OVERVIEW (CONTINUED)
Uses TCP client initiates TCP
connection (creates socket) to server, port 80
server accepts TCP connection from client
HTTP messages (application-layer protocol messages) exchanged between browser (HTTP client) and Web server (HTTP server)
TCP connection closed
HTTP is “stateless” server maintains no
information about past client requests
HTTP REQUEST MESSAGE
Two types of HTTP messages: request, response
HTTP request message: ASCII (human-readable format)
HTTP REQUEST MESSAGE: GENERAL FORMAT
UPLOADING FORM INPUT
URL method Uses GET method Input is uploaded in URL field of request line: http://translate.google.com.tw/?hl=zh-
TW&tab=wT#
Post method Web page often includes form input Input is uploaded to server in entity body
METHOD TYPES
HTTP/1.0 GET POST HEAD
asks server to leave requested object out of response
HTTP/1.1 GET, POST, HEAD PUT
uploads file in entity body to path specified in URL field
DELETE deletes file specified
in the URLfield TRACE CONNECT OPTIONS
HTTP RESPONSE MESSAGE
HTTP RESPONSE STATUS CODES
In first line in server->client response message.
A few sample codes: 200 OK
request succeeded, requested object later in this message
301 Moved Permanently requested object moved, new location specified later in
this message (Location:) 400 Bad Request
request message not understood by server 404 Not Found
requested document not found on this server 505 HTTP Version Not Supported
實驗 實驗步驟 50% 問題討論 40% 心得感想 10%
HTML
What is HTML? HTML is a language for
describing web pages. HTML stands for Hyper
Text Markup Language HTML is not a
programming language, it is a markup language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages
HTML Tags HTML tags are
keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html>
HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b>
The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
HTML Documents = Web Pages HTML documents describe web pages HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain
text HTML documents are also called web pages
JAVASCRIPT
What is JavaScript? JavaScript was designed to add interactivity to
HTML pages JavaScript is a scripting language A scripting language is a lightweight
programming language JavaScript is usually embedded directly into
HTML pages JavaScript is an interpreted language (means
that scripts execute without preliminary compilation)
Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license
PHP
What is PHP? PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP PHP scripts are executed on the server PHP supports many databases PHP is an open source software PHP is free to download and use
What is a PHP File? PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts PHP files are returned to the browser as plain
HTML PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3",
or ".phtml"
REFERENCE
HTML/CSS/JavaScript http://www.w3schools.com/
PHP http://www.wasite.com/php0/ SQL http://www.1keydata.com/tw/sql/sql.html
