Upload
caldwell-whitfield
View
37
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Web Technologies. Internet Architecture. Distributed c omputing No central a uthority Client-Server Architecture Possible to connect almost any device to network TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Internet Protocol (IP). Packet structure - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Web Technologies
2
Internet Architecture
• Distributed computing• No central authority• Client-Server Architecture• Possible to connect almost any device to
network• TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
3
Internet Protocol (IP)
• Packet structure• Uniform Resource Locator (URL)• Domain Name Service• IPV6– Larger address space– Better security– Faster routing– Multicasting
4
Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML)
• Is the basic building-blocks of webpages. • A markup language is a set of hidden tags to
describe page formatting.• Content + HTML web page.• http://www.geneseo.edu
5
Cascading Style Sheets(CSS)
• Used to describe the presentation semantics (the look and formatting) of a document– Is designed primarily to enable the separation of
document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts
6
DHTML
• Dynamic HTML• Allows scripting languages to change variables
in a web page's definition language, which in turn affects the look and function of otherwise "static" HTML page content, after the page has been fully loaded and during the viewing process.
7
DHTML Uses
• Animate text and images in their document, independently moving each element from any starting point to any ending point, following a predetermined path or one chosen by the user.
• Embed a ticker that automatically refreshes its content with the latest news, stock quotes, or other data.
• Use a form to capture user input, and then process and respond to that data without having to send data back to the server.
• Include rollover buttons or drop-down menus.
8
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
• Is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form.
• Design goals emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability over the Internet.
• Although the design of XML focuses on documents, it is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures.
9
eXtensible HyperText Markup Language(XHTML)
• Was developed to make HTML more extensible and increase interoperability with other data formats.[
• More rigorous HTML
10
Flash
• Is a multimedia platform used to add animation, video, and interactivity to web pages.
• Is frequently used for advertisements and games.
11
HTML 5
• Improve the language with support for the latest multimedia.
• Keeps it easily readable by humans.• Consistently understood by computers. • HTML5 is intended to subsume not only
HTML 4, but XHTML 1.• Replacement for Flash.
12
JavaScript
• Client-side scripting language for web pages.• Used to add interactivity to web pages.• Enhanced user interface.
13
Apache
• Is web server software notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web.
• In 2009 it became the first web server software to surpass the 100 million web site milestone.
• Open source
14
PHP
• PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (a recursive acronym, originally personal home page)
• PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that was originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages.
• Others: Ruby, ColdFusion, Perl, Python.
15
mySQL
• My Structured Query Language• Is a relational database management system
(RDBMS).• Provides multi-user access to a number of
databases.
16
Web 2.0
• Allows users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as consumers of user-generated content in a virtual community.
• Basically refers to the transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web that is more organized and is based on serving Web applications to users
17
Web 2.0 Features(SLATES)
• Search: Finding information through keyword search. • Links: Connects information together into a meaningful information ecosystem
using the model of the Web, and provides low-barrier social tools. • Authoring : The ability to create and update content leads to the collaborative
work of many rather than just a few web authors. In wikis, users may extend, undo and redo each other's work. In blogs, posts and the comments of individuals build up over time.
• Tags: Categorization of content by users adding "tags" - short, usually one-word descriptions - to facilitate searching, without dependence on pre-made categories. Collections of tags created by many users within a single system may be referred to as "folksonomies" (i.e., folk taxonomies).
• Extensions: Software that makes the Web an application platform as well as a document server. These include software like Adobe Reader, Adobe Flash player, Microsoft Silverlight, ActiveX, Oracle Java, Quicktime, Windows Media, etc.
• Signals: The use of syndication technology such as RSS to notify users of content changes.
18
Web 2.0
19
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax),
• Is a group of interrelated web development methods used on the client-side to create interactive web applications.
• Web applications can retrieve data from the server asynchronously in the background without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page.
• Ajax is not one technology, but a group of technologies.
20
Web 3.0
• Semantic Web is a group of methods and technologies to allow machines to understand the meaning – or "semantics" – of information on the World Wide Web.
• Web pages are personalized based on the characteristics (interests, social category, context, ...) of an individual.
• The computer is generating new information, rather than humans
21
Metaverse
• Convergence of the virtual and physical world.• Includes TV-quality open video, 3D
simulations, pervasive broadband, wireless, and sensors. (Pervasive computing)
• Geospatial (Foursquare)• Augmented reality (Google Goggles)