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Notes on how to create an Oracle Linux 6.8 VM on VirtualBox for the
Oracle RAC 12c Workshop
Download and install VirtualBox
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
Download the Linux 6 Update 8 software from the Oracle Software Delivery Cloud
https://edelivery.oracle.com
Launch Oracle VirtualBox and create the VM rac01
The machine will be created with a 40 GB root partition and 4.3 GB memory allocation.
Note: this assumes available machine memory to be 16 GB.
If 8 GB RAM is only available, set the VM memory size to 2500 MB.
Check subnet for Host-Only adapter is 192.168.56
Mount the Linux installation software using the .iso file we downloaded earlier
Configure Network Adapters
We will use 3 network adapters for the VM network:
1) One to communicate with the host directly from client (like putty)
2) One for host to host internal communication (RAC Interconnect)
3) One for external internet connectivity (to download RPMs via yum)
Note – on some machines to get internet connectivity from VM we need to use NAT instead of Bridged Adapter.
Configure shared folders
The shared folder will enable us to copy any downloaded files like software between our local machine and the VM. In this case I have shared the drive and directory C:\software. Files in this directory will be visible in the Linux VM in the /media/sf_software location. The share name is ‘software’.
Ensure it is set to Auto-mount.
Install the Linux 6 Update 8 Operating System
Note – use the Right Ctrl key to navigate out of the VM installation screen if required.
Click on Yes, discard any data
Networks
Enter hostname rac01.localdomain and click on Configure Network
Highlight System eth0 entry and click on Edit…
Ensure to check the box Connect automatically and clink on the IPV4 Settings tab.
Change the Method to Manual from Automatic (DHCP) and click on Add
Enter the IP address for the rac01 VM public network – 192.168.56.100.
Enter Netmask and Gateway as shown and click Apply…
Highlight System eth1 entry and click on Edit…
Change the Method to Manual from Automatic (DHCP) and click on Add
Enter the IP address for the rac01 VM private network – 192.168.10.100.
Enter Netmask and Gateway as shown and click Apply…
Ensure to check the box Connect automatically
Region and Time Zone Setting
Root Password (keep a note!)
Click Format
Click Write changes to disk
Click on Customize now
Select all the options in the Desktops group
Select option Internet Browser
Select option Development tools
Click Reboot
Click No thanks, I’ll connect later.
Install VirtualBox Guest Additions
Run as root
# yum update
Click OK
Enable sharing of Clipboard and Drag and Drop
Configure the rac01 VM for Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12c Installation
Ensure internet connectivity
Install the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR2-preinstall RPM
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall -y
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security, ulninfo
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6 will be installed
…
…
Installed:
oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-3.el6
Dependency Installed:
compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6
ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-37.el6_9 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6
Complete
Install the oracleasm-support RPM
# [root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracleasm-support
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security, ulninfo
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracleasm-support.x86_64 0:2.1.10-4.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
oracleasm-support x86_64 2.1.10-4.el6 public_ol6_latest 76 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 76 k
Installed size: 225 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
oracleasm-support-2.1.10-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 76 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : oracleasm-support-2.1.10-4.el6.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : oracleasm-support-2.1.10-4.el6.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
oracleasm-support.x86_64 0:2.1.10-4.el6
Complete!
Download and install the oracleasmlib RPM.
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html
[root@rac01 ~]# cd /media/sf_software/
[root@rac01 sf_software]# ls *asm*
oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@rac01 sf_software]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]
[root@rac01 sf_software]#
Create the grid user
[root@rac01 sf_software]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54331 asmadmin
[root@rac01 sf_software]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54332 asmdba
[root@rac01 sf_software]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54333 asmoper
[root@rac01 sf_software]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G asmdba,dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,vboxsf grid
Configure ASMlib
[root@rac01 sf_software]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
[root@rac01 sbin]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm init
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm
Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm
Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm
[root@rac01 sbin]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: yes
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes
Create the directory for the 12c Grid Infrastructure installation
[root@rac01 sf_software]# cd /
[root@rac01 /]# mkdir u01
[root@rac01 /]# cd u01
[root@rac01 u01]# mkdir app
[root@rac01 u01]# chown grid:oinstall app
Configure the oracle and grid OS user accounts
[root@rac01 u01]# /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,vboxsf oracle
[root@rac01 u01]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@rac01 u01]# passwd grid
Changing password for user grid.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Configure /etc/hosts file
[root@rac01 u01]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.56.100 rac01.localdomain rac01
192.168.56.101 rac02.localdomain rac02
Check the network IPs are correct via ifconfig
Note that the IP entry for eth2 will differ as this is the IP of your internet provider.
[root@rac01 u01]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:ED:5A:42
inet addr:192.168.56.100 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feed:5a42/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:32 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2880 (2.8 KiB) TX bytes:1008 (1008.0 b)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:1D:A8:8B
inet addr:192.168.10.100 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe1d:a88b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:1308 (1.2 KiB)
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:EF:D8:C1
inet addr:10.1.1.24 Bcast:10.1.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feef:d8c1/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2199 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:68 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:368359 (359.7 KiB) TX bytes:11124 (10.8 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:720 (720.0 b) TX bytes:720 (720.0 b)
Set Security Enhanced Linux (SELINUX) to disabled as we are not enabling any firewall traffic
[root@rac01 u01]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
Stop NTP daemon(if they are running) as we will be using Cluster Time Synchronization Service instead
[root@rac01 u01]# service ntpd stop
Shutting down ntpd: [FAILED]
[root@rac01 u01]# chkconfig ntpd off
[root@rac01 u01]# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.orig
[root@rac01 u01]# rm /var/run/ntpd.pid
rm: cannot remove `/var/run/ntpd.pid': No such file or directory
Disable Firewall
[root@rac01 ~]# service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@rac01 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
Edit /etc/resolv.conf
[root@rac01 rpm]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search localdomain
nameserver 10.1.1.1
Change to
[root@rac01 rpm]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
options timeout:3
search localdomain rac.localdomain
nameserver 192.168.56.102
[root@rac01 rpm]# chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf
[root@rac01 app]# nslookup rac01
Server:192.168.56.102
Address:192.168.56.102#53
Name:rac01.localdomain
Address: 192.168.56.100
[root@rac01 app]# nslookup rac-gns
Server:192.168.56.102
Address:192.168.56.102#53
Name:rac-gns.localdomain
Address: 192.168.56.150
Configure limits.conf file
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
oracle soft stack 10240
Shutdown the VM
[root@rac01 rpm]# shutdown -h now
Create a backup .ova file
Click on Export
Clone the rac01 VM and create the second VM rac02
Ensure we do not check the box to Reinitialize the MAC address!
Change the hostname
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=rac02.localdomain
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall : Add NOZEROCONF=yes
NOZEROCONF=yes
[root@rac01 ~]# hostname rac02.localdomain
Edit and Update the Network IP addresses on the cloned VM
System > Preferences > Network Connections menu
Original MAC address
Change the original MAC address by replacing last two characters with ‘00’. Click Apply…
Change the public IP address from 192.168.56.100 to 192.168.56.101.
Similarly change the MAC address for eth1 and eth2 and also the private IP address for eth1 as shown.
Rename 70-persistent-net.rules file as it will be regenerated on next VM start
[root@rac01 ~]# cd /etc/udev/rules.d
[oracle@rac01 rules.d]$ mv 70-persistent-net.rules 70-persistent-net.rules.old
Shutdown the cloned VM
[root@rac01 rules.d]# shutdown -h now
Disable the 3rd network adapter as we will not need external internet connectivity from the cloned rac02 VM
For Adapter 1 and Adapter 2 update the MAC address replacing the last two characters with ‘00’
Disable the Adapter 3 for rac01 VM as well as we do not need any internet connectivity anymore
Start both rac01 and rac02 VMs
Connect as root and check connectivity between both rac01 and rac02 for both the public as well as private networks
Connect to rac02 and carry out the same ‘ping’ check to confirm connectivity with rac01.
Also confirm the network IPs on rac02.
Create the Linux VM’s for the Oracle 12c RAC Workshop
on VirtualBox
172