· Web view2020/08/14 · Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) SCHEME OF STUDIES & EXAMINATIONS. Dual Degree B.Sc.(Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics (7 to 10-Semester Course) (Effective from

Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

SCHEME OF STUDIES & EXAMINATIONS

Dual Degree B.Sc.(Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics (7 to 10-Semester Course)(Effective from Session 2020-2021)

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA – 131039

Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th

meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in PhysicsCourse Structure

(Effective from Session 2017-2018)From 1st to 6th Semester

S. no. Course Detail Theory Practical Total Credit

Number Credit Number Credit

1 Core Courses 15 15x4 06 2x2+2x4+2x6 60+24

2 Elective Courses

a) Generic 8 4x4+4x3 04 2x1+2x1.5 33

b) Discipline Specific 4 4x4 16

3 Ability Enhancement Courses 3 2x2+4 01 02 10

4 Skill Enhancement 1 1x 3 3x2 06

5 Open Elective 2 2x3 06

Course Credit 150

Note: Credit requirement for completion of B.Sc. (Hon) in Physics program: 150 (Grade D or above)(Duly approved in the 14th meeting of Academic council held on 11.06.19)

Course StructureFrom 7th to 10th Semester

S. no.

Course Theory Lab Total Credit

Number Credit Number Credit

1 Core Courses 12 12x4 02 1x41x4

56


2 Elective Courses

a) Open Elective 2 2x3 06

b) Discipline Specific Elective 4 4x4 2 2x7 30

3 Ability Enhancement Courses

1 1x4 04

4 Skill Enhancement Course - - 2 2x2 04

Course Credit 100

Note: Credit requirement for completion of Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons) -M.Sc. (Physics) program: 150+ 100 (Grade D or above)


Student can earn open elective credits (06) from E-learning platform SWAYAM (i.e. MOOCs Course as per UGC notification F. No. 1-8/2017 (SWAYAM BOARD) dated 19th May 2020)


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA-131039

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSDual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics

(Effective from Session 2017-2018)

Semester-I

Course Opted Paper Code

Paper TitleTeaching Scheme

Examination SchemeDuration of Exam

(Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Course DPH101 Mechanics-I 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH103 Wave and Optics 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective

DCH109 Chemistry -I 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DMT101 Mathematics- I 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab DPH105 Physics Lab-I 0 4 20 30 50 3 2

Generic Elective Lab

DCH111 Chemistry Lab-I 0 2 20 30 50 3 1

Ability Enhancement

Compulsory Course

DEN101 English-I 2 0 20 30 50 3 2

GES201B *Environmental Studies

3 0 00 00 75 3 0

GES203B *Environmental Studies Field

Work

0 0 00 00 25 1 0

Total Credits 21

*The Environmental studies (GES-201B) and Environmental studies Field Work (GES-203B) are qualifying courses only.



MURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA-131039DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics (Effective from Session 2017-2018)

Semester-II




(Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Course DPH102 Mechanics-II 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH104 Electricity & Magnetism

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective DCH112 Chemistry -II 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DMT102 Mathematics- II

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab DPH106 Physics Lab-II 0 4 20 30 50 3 2

Generic Elective Lab

DCH114 Chemistry Lab-II

0 2 20 30 50 3 1

Ability Enhancement Compulsory

Course

DEN102 English-II 2 0 20 30 50 3 2

Project DPH108 Minor Project-I*

0 4 50 00 50 2

Total Credits 23

1. The Minor Project-I (DPH108), will be allotted to each student at the starting of the Semester-II.2. Each student will be attached with a faculty member to select the field of work and carry out the project.


3. The student will submit Project report (approx. thirty pages) of Minor Project-I (DPH108) upto 30th June.4. Internal Assessment of Minor Project-II (DPH108) will be done on the basis of presentation, viva-voce and Project report which will be coordinated by Student Project coordinator (Faculty) of the department.

5.*01 hour per week per student will be considered as the teaching load to the faculty in the department during the work of minor project.

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYMURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA-131039



Semester-III

Course Opted

Paper Code


Examination SchemeDuration of Exam (Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Course

DPH201 Wave & Acoustic

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH203 Mathematical Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH205 Electronic and Network Theory

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective

DCH209 Chemistry –III 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

DMT201 Mathematics- III 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Core Lab DPH207 Physics Lab-III 0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective

Lab

DCH211 Chemistry Lab-III

0 3 20 30 50 3 1.5

Total Credits 23.5





Semester-IV

Course Opted

Paper Code



(Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Course

DPH202 Atomic and Molecular Theory

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH204 Fundamentals of Nuclear and Particle

Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH206 Electromagnetic Theory

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective

DCH214 Chemistry –IV 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

DMT202 Mathematics- IV 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Core Lab DPH208 Physics Lab-IV 0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Generic Elective

Lab

DCH216 Chemistry Lab-IV 0 3 20 30 50 3 1.5

Project DPH210 Minor Project-II* 0 4 50 00 50 2

Total Credits 25.5

Note:1.The Minor Project-II (DPH210), will be allotted to each student at the starting of the semester-IV.2. Each student will be attached with a faculty member to select the field of work and carry out the project.3.The student will submit Project report (approx.. thirty pages) of Minor Project-I (DPH210) upto 30th June.4. Internal Assessment of Minor Project-II (DPHP210) will be done on the basis of presentation, viva-voce and Project report which will be co-ordinated by Student Project coordinator (Faculty) of the department.


5.*01 hour per week per student will be considered as the teaching load to the faculty in the department during the work of minor project.




(Effective from Session 2019-2020)Semester-V




(Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Generic Elective Core

DPH 301

Thermal Physics 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH303 Elements of Quantum

Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discipline Specific Elective

DPH Elective-I 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH Elective-II 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab DPH317 Physics Lab-V 0 12 50 100 150 3 6

Ability Enhancement

Elective Course (Skill based)

DPH319 Introduction to Computational

Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH321 Computational Physics Lab

0 4 25 75 100 3 2

Open Elective Open Elective -I 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Total Credits 31

Discipline Specific Elective Papers : Each student will study Two (02) courses (Elective-I and Elective-II) in fifth (V) semester from the list given below :

1. DPH305 - Advanced Mathematical Technique2. DPH307 – Thin Film and Vacuum Technology3. DPH309 - Experimental Techniques4. DPH311 - Physics of Electronic Devices 5. DPH313- Laser Physics6. DPH315- Physics of Materials


OPEN ELECTIVE

1. List for Open Elective –I offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).

Paper No. Paper Title

DPH323 Physics of Instrumentation Skills

DPH325 Bio-Physics

DPH327 Renewable energy and Energy Harvesting

The Open Elective- I paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher and / or the minimum students strength of ten candidates and resources in the department.

2. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No

Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 DCH351 Open Elective-I (Industrial Chemicals and Environments) Chemistry

2 DCH353 Open Elective-I (Applied Physical Chemistry) Chemistry

3 Open elective paper offered by any other UG Departments of the University




(Effective from Session 2019-2020)Semester-VI



Examination SchemeDuration of Exam (Hrs)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Course DPH302 Statistical Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH304 Condensed Matter Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discipline Specific Elective

DPH Elective-III 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH Elective-IV 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab DPH318 Physics Lab-VI

0 12 50 100 150 3 6

Project DPH320 Major Project**

0 4 100 00 100 2

Open Elective Open Elective –II

3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Total Credits 27

Note: * In 5th semester, Major Project (DPH320) will be allotted to all the students.1. The students will be allotted Project DPHP-320) at the end of fifth semester, so that the work can be started in time.2. Each student will be attached with a faculty member to select the field of work and carry out the project.3.The student will submit Project report of Major Project (DPH320) as per given instruction before 30th June.4. External Assessment of Major Project (DPH320), undergone at the end of Semester-V will be based on presentation, viva-voce and Project report 5.**01 hour per week per student will be considered as the teaching load to the faculty in the department during the work of minor project.Discipline Specific Elective Papers : Each student will study Two (02) courses (Elective-III and Elective-IV) in Sixth (VI) Semester from the list given below :

1. DPH306 - Advanced Nuclear Physics


2. DPH308 – High Energy Physics3. DPH310 – Non-Renewable Energy4. DPH312 - Nanomaterials and Applications5. DPH314- Communication System6. DPH316 – Introduction to AstroPhysics

OPEN ELECTIVE

List for Open Elective –II offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).


DPH322 Radiation Physics

DPH324 History & Philosophy of Physics

DPH326 Physics of photonics & electro-optics devices

The Open Elective- II paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher and / or the minimum students strength of ten candidates and resources in the department.

2. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No

Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 DCH352 Open Elective-II (Pharmaceuticals, Pesticides & Perfumes) Chemistry

2 DCH354 Open Elective-II (Environmental and Analytical chemistry) Chemistry

3 Open elective paper offered by any other UG Departments of the University



M.Sc. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 MAT 627C Applied Algebra and Analysis Mathematics

2 MAT 629C Linear Programming Mathematics

3 MAT 631C Descriptive Statistics Mathematics

4 CH651C Nuclear Chemistry Chemistry

5 CH653C Chromatographic & Spectroscopic Techniques

Chemistry


6 CH655C Photochemistry and Industrials Catalysis

Chemistry

7 Open elective paper offered by any other PG Departments of the University



DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSDual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. (Physics) (Ten –Semester Course)

(Effective from Session 2020-2021)Semester-VII

Course opted

Paper No.

Paper Title Teaching Scheme

Examination SchemeDuration of Exam (Hours)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Paper

DPH401 Advanced Mathematical

Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH403 Elements of Classical

Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH405 Numerical Methods and

Programming

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH407 Analog Electronics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab

DPH409 General Physics Lab-I

0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Ability Enhen.Course

DPH411 Numerical Methods and Programming

Lab

0 4 25 75 100 3 2

Open Elective

* Open Elective-I* 3 25 75 100 3 3

Total 19 12 25

*List for Open Elective –1 offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).


PHY 631 C Science of Renewable Energy Resources

PHY 633 C Basic Instrumentation SkillPHY 635 C Radiation Physics

The Open Elective- I paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher and / the minimum strength of ten students in the opted course.

*The student may opt for any one paper from the list of open elective papers floated by any teaching PG Department.

Student can earn open elective credits (03) from E-learning platform SWAYAM (i.e. MOOCs Course as per UGC notification F. No. 1-8/2017 (SWAYAM BOARD) dated 19th May 2020)



DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSDual Degree B.Sc.(Hons)-M.Sc. (Physics) (Ten –Semester Course)

(Effective from Session 2020-2021)Semester-VIII

Course opted

Paper No.

Paper Title Teach. Scheme

Examination Scheme Duration of

Exam (Hour)

Credit

L P Sess. Marks

Ext. Marks

Total

Core Paper DPH402 Quantum Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH404 Digital Electronics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH406 Advanced Nuclear Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


DPH408 Condensed Matter Physics-

II

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core

Lab

DPH410 General Physics Lab-II

0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Skill Enhance.

DPH412 Simulation Lab 0 4 25 75 100 3 2

Open Elective

** Open Elective-II**

3 25 75 100 3 3

Total 19 12 25

**List for Open Elective –II paper offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).



PHY 636 C Laser Physics

PHY 638 C Bio Physics

PHY 640 C History and Philosophy of Physics

● The Open Elective- II paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher

and / the minimum strength of ten students in the opted course.


● **The student may opt for any one paper from the list of open elective papers floated by any teaching PG Department.

● Student can earn open elective credits (03) from E-learning platform SWAYAM (i.e. MOOCs Course as per UGC notification F. No. 1-8/2017 (SWAYAM BOARD) dated 19th May 2020)

1. M.Sc. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 MAT 628C Applied Algebra and Analysis Mathematics


2 MAT 630C Linear Programming Mathematics

3 MAT 632 C Descriptive Statistics Mathematics

4 CH652C Medicinal Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry

Chemistry

5 CH654C Polymer Chemistry Chemistry

6 CH656C Semiconductors and Nano- Materials

Chemistry

7

Open elective paper offered by any other PG Departments of the University




(Effective from Session 2021-2022)Semester-IX

Course Opted

Paper No. Paper Title Teaching Scheme

Examination SchemeDur. of Exam

(Hour)

Credit

L P Ses. Marks

Ext.Marks

Total

Core Paper

DPH501 Advanced Quantum Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

DPH503 Statistical Physics of Particles and Fields

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Any one of the following options

OPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)

Discip. Specific Elec.–I

DPH505 Condensed Matter Physics Spl–I (Crystallography and Defects Analysis)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elec.–II

DPH507 Condensed Matter Physics Spl-II(Advanced Characterization Techniques)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elec.–III

DPH509 Condensed Matter Physics Spl-III( Thin Film Technology)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-2 (Electronics)


Discip. Specific Elec.-I

DPH511 Electronics Spl-I(Analog Communication Systems)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elec.-II

DPH513 Electronics Spl-II (Digital Communication Systems)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elec.-III

DPH515 Electronics Spl-III(Nano-materials and Applications in Electronics)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)

Discip. Specific Elec.-I

DPH517 Nuclear Phys. Spl-I (Nuclear Reactions and Applications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Discip. Specific Elec.–II

DPH519 Nuclear Phys. Spl-II (Nuclear Detectors and Applications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. SpecificElec.-III

DPH521 Nuclear Phys. Spl-III(Physics of Loosely Bound Nuclei)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)

Discip. SpecificElec.–I

DPH523 Spectroscopy Spl-I(Optics & Laser Technology)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. SpecificElec.–II

DPH525 Spectroscopy Spl-II(Optical Instrumentation)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. SpecificElec.–III

DPH527 Spectroscopy Spl-III(Nonlinear Optics and Applications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Any one of the following practical papers corresponding to the theory paper will be assigned.

LAB FOR OPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)

Discip. SpecificElec. Lab-I

DPH529 Cond. Matter Physics Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancement

DPH531 Semi.-I$ 0 2 25 - 25 1

LAB FOR OPTION-2 (Electronics)

Discip. SpecificElective Lab-I

DPH533 Elect. Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancement

DPH535 Semi.-I$ 0 2 25 - 25 1


LAB FOR OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)

Discip. Specific ElectiveLab-I

DPH537 Nuclear Physics Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancement

DPH539 Seminar-I$

0 2 25 - 25 1

LAB FOR OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)

Discip. Specific ElectiveLab-I

DPH541 Spectroscopy Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancement

DPH543 Seminar-I$

0 2 25 - 25 1

Total 16 16 32


Note:

● The students may opt for any specialized course which will be continued in X Semester as well.

● The student have to pick only two specialization paper from the listed three papers

$The assessment of Seminar-I will be done during the semester on the basis of a presentation given by the student in front of Department Seminar Committees, notified by Chairperson from time to time.



(Effective from Session 2021-2022)Semester-X

Course Opted

Paper No.

Paper Title Teaching Scheme

Examination SchemeDur. of

Exam-Hour

Credit

L P Sess.

Marks

Ext. Marks

Total


Core Paper DPH502 Electrodynamics 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper DPH504 Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following options


Discip. Specific Elective-IV

DPH506 Condensed Matter Physics Spl –IV

(Renewable Energy)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elective-V

DPH508 Condensed Matter Physics Spl-V

( Nano Materials and Devices )

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elective-VI

DPH510 Condensed Matter Physics Spl-VI

(Sensors &

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Technologies)



DPH512 Electronics Spl-IV(Smart Materials)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


DPH514 Electronics Spl-V (Advanced Microprocessor & Interfacing)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


DPH516 Electronics Spl-VI(Photonics Devices and Optical Communications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Discip. Specific

DPH518 Nuclear Physics Spl-III

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


Elective-IV (Nuclear Models and Applications)


DPH520 Nuclear Physics Spl-IV (Nuclear Instrumentation)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Discip. Specific Elective–VI

DPH522 Nuclear Physics Spl-IV (Nuclear Energy Generation)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4



DPH524 Spectroscopy Spl-IV(Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques )

4 0 25 75 100 3 4


DPH526 Spectroscopy Spl-V(Optical Communications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4



DPH528 Spectroscopy Spl-VI(Quantum Optics & Spintronics)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following practical paper corresponding to the theory paper will be assigned


Discip. Specific

ElectiveLab-II

Module-A

DPH530 Condensed Matter Physics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhance.

DPH532 Seminar-II$ 0 02 25 - 25 1 1

Module-B

DPH534 Dissertation* 0 14 50 100 150 1 7


DPH536 Seminar 0 02 25 - 25 1 1


Discip. Specific

Elective-II

Module-A

DPH538 Electronics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhance.

DPH540 Seminar-II$

0 2 25 - 25 1 1

Module-B

DPH534 Dissertation*

0 14 50 100 150 1 7

DPH536 Seminar 0 02 25 - 25 1 1



Discip. Specific

ElectiveLab-II

Module-A

DPH542 Nuclear Physics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhance.

DPH544 Semi.-II$ 0 2 25 25 1 1

Module-B

DPH534 Dissertation*

0 14 50 100 150 1 7

DPH536 Semi. 0 02 25 - 25 1 1


Discip. Specific

Elective–II

Module-A

DPH546 Spectroscopy Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhance.

DPH548 Seminar-II$ 0 2 25 - 25 1 1


Module-B

DPH534 Dissertation* 0 14 50 100 150 1 7

DPH536 Seminar 0 02 25 - 25 1 1

Total 16 16 32

Note:

● In 10th semester, there are two modules in labs Module-A (Lab + Seminar) & Module-B (Dissertation + Seminar) in the respective specializations and students may opt any one of these Modules.

- Module-A will be offered to all the students.


- Module-B will be offered to only those students who have passed all courses of previous semesters (Maximum upto 30% of class strength)

- Dissertation work will be allotted to the students in the IX semester. However, no teaching load will be considered for this work in IX semester. Nevertheless, 04 hour per week will be considered as the teaching load to the faculty in the department during the work of dissertation in X semester.

● The students will submit their Dissertation in the department before 30th June.

● External evaluation of Dissertation will be done at the end of semester by the external expert.

● The assessment of Seminar-II / Seminar will be done during the semester on the basis of a

presentation given by the student in front of the Department Seminar Committee.


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, MURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039


Semester-VII (Effective from Session 2020-2021)

ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Paper No.: DPH401 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03Hrs.

Course Objective: This course has been so framed that the students are first exposed to some topics of mathematical methods which are directly relevant in different papers of Physics courses. It includes special types of matrices, tensors and their application in physics, properties of special functions, probability theory, application of theory of function of complex variables and integral transforms which includes Laplace and Fourier transforms.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IMATRICES AND TENSORS

Matrices: Orthogonal, Unitary and Hermitian Matrices with examples, Independent elements of orthogonal and unitary matrices of order 2, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors; Matrix diagonalization,

Tensors: Introduction, definition, Covariant and Contravariant tensors, addition, subtraction, inner and outer product of tensors, Contraction theorem, symmetric and antisymmetric tensor, invariant tensor, Quotient rule, Levi-Civita symbol, Fundamental or Metric tensors, Christoffel’s 3-index symbols, Transformation laws of Christoffel’s symbols, Covariant differentiation.


UNIT-IIINTEGRAL TRANSFORM

Fourier transforms, Properties of Fourier Transform, FT of derivatives, Convolution or Faltung theorem for FT, Dirac Delta function, Fourier transform of Dirac Delta function, simple applications of FTLaplace transform, properties of Laplace Transform, first and second shifting theorem, LT derivatives and integral of a function, convolution or Faltung theorem for LT, Inverse LT by partial fraction and by using convolution theorem, application of LT in solving differential equations.


UNIT-IIICOMPLEX VARIABLE

Cauchy integral formula, Taylor’s series, Laurent’s series, Singularities of an analytic function, Residue and their evaluation, Cauchy Residue theorem, Evaluation of integrals of the type

, evaluation of certain improper integrals , evaluation

of infinite integrals by Jordan’s Lemma, evaluation of integrals when integrand has poles on real axis, Evaluation of integrals involving Many-valued functions.

UNIT-IVPROBABILITY THEORY & SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

Elementary idea of probability, Random variables, Binomial, Poisson and normal distribution, Central Limit theorem.

Integral representation of Jn(x), Orthogonality of Bessel’s functions, modified and spherical Bessels’s function, Rordigue’s formula, Integral representation and orthogonality of Legendre polynomials, Associated Legendre polynomials, orthogonality of Associated Legendre polynomials.Integral formula, Orthogonality and Rodrigue’s formula for Hermite and Laguerre PolynomialPolynomials, Associated Laguerre polynomials, Orthogonality of Associated Laguerre polynomials.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Matrices and Tensors in Physics: A.W. Joshi (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).2. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: G. Arfken and H.J. Weber, (Academic Press, San Diego)3. Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences: M.L. Boas (Wiley, New York).4. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: T.L.Chow (Cambridge university press, NewYork)5. Mathematical Physics: B.S. Rajput (Pragati Prakashan)6. Mathematical Physics: P.K. Chattopadhyay (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).7. Introduction to Mathematical Physics: C. Harper (Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi).8. Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists: L .Pipes & L.R. Horwell (McGraw-Hill )

9. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: A. K. Ghatak, I. C. Goyal (Laxmi Publication)10. Mathematical Physics: H. K. Dass & R Verma (S.Chand)






ELEMENTS OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Paper No. DPH403 Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03HrsCourse Objectives: To aware the students of Dual Deg M.Sc. (Physics) in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms to an extent that they can use these in the modern branches like Quantum Mechanics, quantum Field Theory, Condensed Matter Physics, etc. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IPRELIMINARIES OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Newtonian mechanics - one and many particle systems, constraints of motion, generalized coordinates, D’ Alembert’s Principle and LagrangianEquation and the dissipation function. Hamilton principle, Lagrange’s equation from Hamilton principle, extension to non-holonomic systems, Legendre Transformation, Hamilton’s equations of motion, Hamilton’s equations from Variational principle, Principle of least action. Application of Lagrangian& Hamiltonian formulation.

UNIT – IICANONICAL TRANSFORMATION

(HAMILTON-JACOBI THEORY AND APPLICATIONS)Canonical transformation, Hamiltonian Principle, Generating Function and its examples, Poisson’s brackets and its relations, infinitesimal canonical transformation, Conservation Theorems and symmetry properties. Hamilton-Jacobi equation for Hamilton’s principal function, Harmonic Oscillator problem. Action-angle Variables in Systems ( 1-DoF & completely Separable system )

UNIT-IIIRIGID BODY MOTION AND PSEUDO FORCES

Reduction to equivalent one body problem, the equation of motion and first integrals, the equivalent one – dimensional problem and the classification of orbits, virial theorem, the differential equation for orbits, the Kepler’s problem (inverse square law), scattering (Rutherford) in central force field. Kepler’s problem in Action-angle Variables. The Euler’s Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

angles, rate of change of a vector, Non-inertial frames of reference, Pseudo forces – centrifugal, Coriolis and Euler forces. Applications


UNIT– IVOSCILLATIONS & SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY

Moment of Inertia, M.I. tensor and ellipsoid Euler equation for rotating rigid body and its solutions, Torque free motion of rigid body, motion of a symmetrical top, Eigenvalue equation and Principal Axis Transformations, Frequencies of Free vibrations and Normal coordinates, Free Vibration of Linear Triatomic Molecule, forced vibrations and effect of dissipative forces, Michelson-Morley Experiment, Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity, Galilean and Lorentz Transformation.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1.Classical Mechanics, H.Goldstein, C.Poole and J. Safko (Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi)2.Classical Mechanics, N.C. Rana and P.S. Joag, (Tata McGraw-Hill, 1991)3.Classical Mechanics of Particles & Rigid Bodies, Kiran C. Gupta, (Wiley Eastern)4.Classical Mechanics, V.K. Jain, (New Age Publication)5.Classical Mechanics 1st Edition, W. Aruldhas, (Phi)6. Classical Mechanics, Suresh Chandra, (Norsa)






ANALOG ELECTRONICS

Paper No.DPH405 Credits: 04

04 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25


Course Objective: The course covers Semiconductor devices, basic circuits, components and various units used in analog circuits. Op-Amp and related analog circuits have also been introduced. Basic introduction to various concepts, components and circuit analysis used in electronics is being done in the course.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.


UNIT – ISEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET): Basic structure & Operation, pinch off voltage, Volt Ampere characteristic, Transfer Characteristics. MOSFET: Enhancement MOSFET, Threshold Voltage, Depletion MOSFET, Comparison of p & n Channel FET, SCR, 4 layer pnpn devices, Tunnel diode ,Varactor diodes , Clippers & Clampers, Tunnel diode

UNIT-IIOPERATION AMPLIFIER

Differential Amplifier: Circuit configuration, dual input balanced output differential amplifier, Inverting and Non-inverting inputs, CMRR.Operational Amplifiers: Block diagram, open and close loop configuration, inverting & non-inverting amplifier, Op-amp with negative feedback, Voltage series feedback, Effect of feedback on closed loop voltage gain, Input resistance, output resistance, band width, output offset voltage, Measurements of Op-Amp parameters.Op-amp Application: d.c. and a.c. amplifiers, summing, scaling and Averaging amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator.


UNIT – IIINETWORK THEORY

Review of Kirchhoff’s Laws, Mesh and Nodal Analysis, Principle of superposition, Thevenin and Norton theorems, Maximum Power transfer theorem.First order non-linear circuits, dynamic route, jump phenomenon and relaxation oscillator, triggering of bi-stable circuits, Admittance, impedance and hybrid matrices for two and three-port networks and their cascade and parallel combinations.

UNIT-IVOSCILLATORS AND WAVE GENERATORS

Oscillators: Principles, Types, frequency stability, Phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, LC tunable oscillator, Square wave, Triangular wave and pulse generator, Monostable, Bistable & Astable, Multivibrators, Sample and Hold circuits, Principle of Phase Locking, Sallen and Key configuration and multi-feedback configuration.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Semiconductor Devices - Physics and Technology: S.M. Sze, John Wiley, 2002.2. Solid State Electronic Devices: Ben Streetman, Sanjay Banerjee, PHI, 6th Ed.,2005.3. Electronic Principles : A.P. Malvino, TMH,7th edition, 2009.4. Integrated Electronics : J. Millman, C. Halkias and C.D. Parikh, TMH, 2nd edition, 20155. Linear and Non-linear Circuits : Chua, Desoer and Kuh, TMH, 1987.6. Circuit theory Fundamentals and Applications : Aram Budak (Prentice-Hall) 1987.7. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory: Boylested &Nashelsky, (Pearson Edu.) 10thed.2009.8. OPAMPS and Linear Integrated circuits : Ramakant A Gayakwad, (Prentice Hall), 1992.9. Operational amplifiers and Linear Integrated circuits, R.F. Coughlin &F.F. Driscoll,PHI,2000.10. Principles and Applications in Electronics : A.P. Malvino, D.P. Leach, TMH,1993 11. Electronic Fundamentals &Applications : John D. Ryder, PHI.


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY, MURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039



NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAMMING



Course Objective: The objective of this course is to equip the students with programming and various numerical techniques to solve the problems in Physics. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

.UNIT-I

PROGRAMMING WITH FORTRANFortran Data types, constant, variables, Format statements, Unformatted and formatted input/output statements, control statements: If statements, DO loops; data statement, double precision: double precision statement, double precision arithmetic, complex data, complex constants, complex variables, string , Array: one dimensional array, multidimensional array, implied Do loops, Subprograms: function subprograms and subroutine subprograms.

UNIT-IINUMERICAL METHODS-I

Interpolation:linear interpolation formula, quadratic interpolation formula, lagrange’s interpolation, Newton’s forward interpolation formula, Newton’s backward interpolation formula. Gauss forward interpolation formula, Gauss backward interpolation formula, sterling formula. Curve Fitting: Least-square curve fitting, straight line and polynomial fits.


UNIT-IIINUMERICAL METHODS-II

Differentiation: Taylor series method;Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation:Taylor series method, Eulers methods, forth order Runga Kutta method.Integration: Gaussian Quadrature, Legendre-Gauss Quadrature,Trapezoidal rule, Simpson 1/3 rule, Numerical double integration


UNIT-IVNUMERICAL METHODS-III

Program to study the role of passive elements in the theory of fundamental circuits; RC, LR and LCR circuits with DC and AC sources. Random numbers in computer simulation: Randomness intuitive concepts, random number generators, tests for randomness: uniformity test. TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Fortran 77 and Numerical Methods,C. Xavier,New Age International 1994.2. Schaum's Outline of Programming with FORTRAN 77.3. Numerical methods in Engineering & Science, BS Grewal, Khanna Publisher.4. Numerical Methods, E Balagurusamy, Tata MacGraw Hill.5. Computational Physics an Introduction, RC Verma, PK Ahluwalia & KC Shrma.New Age Int.





GENERAL PHYSICS LAB.-IPaper No. DPH409 Credits: 0408 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03Hrs.Note: Students are expected to perform at least twelve experiments out of the following list. At least four from section A & B and three from section C.Section A

1. To study the characteristics of Junction Field Effect Transistor. 2. To study the characteristics of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.3. To study the characteristics of Wein Bridge Oscillator. 4. To study the characteristics of the Hartley Oscillator.5. To study the characteristics of Colpitts Oscillator6. To study the characteristics of Astable, Monostable, Bistable Multivibrator.7. To study the frequency response of an operational amplifier.8. To study the use of an operational amplifier for different mathematical operations.9. To study the use of an operational amplifier for voltage to current conversion.10. To study the use of an operational amplifier for current to voltage conversion.11. To study the characteristics of SCR and its application as a switching device.

Section B

1. To determine charge to mass ratio of electrons by using Magnetron.2. To determine Hall Voltage, concentration of charge carrier and the type of semiconductor in the Hall

Effect experiment.3. To find the wavelength of He-Ne Laser light by using Michelson interferometer.4. To study the characteristics of RC coupled amplifiers.5. Verification of Maximum power transfer theorem in dc circuit6. To study the characteristics of optoelectronics Devices (LED, Photo detector).7. To determine band gap energy of a semiconductor.8. To study clipping and clamping circuit9. To study the photoelectric effect: variation of photocurrent versus intensity and wavelength of light.

Section C

Experiments can be performed virtually using the link https://www.partsim.com/simulator


1. Diode forward and reverse bias circuit.2. 2. Band pass filter.3. Zener diode circuit.4. Designing Rectifier circuit (Half wave, Full wave, Bridge rectifier )5. To study the black body spectrum.6. To study Photoelectric effect.7. To study the band structure in solids.8. To study Quantum Tunneling and wave packet

Note: New Experiment can be introduced as per the requirement of the Syllabus.


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY,MURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039



NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAMMING LAB



Note: Students are expected to perform at least five experiments out of the following list.

1. To fit a straight line through given data using the least square method.

2. To fit the given data using polynomial fitting.

3. To Interpolate the data using suitable approaches like Lagrange method etc.

4. Solve any integral problem through the use of trapezoidal or Simpson 1/3 rule.

5 Write a program for numerical integration using Gauss Quadrature method.

6. Write a program to study the Ohm's law.

7. Write a program for charging and discharging of a capacitor.

8. Write a program for current passing through the inductor.

9. Write a program for Radioactive decay using Runge-Kutta Method or any other suitable

approach.

10. To find the wave function for particles in 1D box problem using Runge-Kutta Method or any

other suitable approach.

11. To study frequency response of a LCR circuit.






Semester-VIII (Effective from Session 2020-2021)

QUANTUM MECHANICS

Paper No. DPH402 Credits: 04


Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.

Course Objectives: To introduce the students about the basic fundamentals of quantum mechanics and to equip them with the techniques of operator algebra, angular momentum and perturbation theory so that they can use these in various branches of physics as per their requirement.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I BASIC FORMALISM OF QUANTUM MECHANICS

Time dependent and time independent Schrodinger wave equation, wave function in coordinate


and momentum representations, Physical Acceptability of Wave Functions, their normality and orthogonality, Probability current density, expectation values and related numerical problems, Ehrenfest’s theorem, Exact statement and proof of the uncertainty principle, Application Schrodinger wave equation in cases of barrier potential and Linear Harmonic Oscillator potential.

UNIT – II OPERATORS

Operator in quantum mechanics, Hermitian operator and its properties, parity operator, ladder operators and their commutation relations, Unitary operator, Projection operator, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of operators, Dirac’s Bra and Ket algebra and related numerical problems, Unitary transformation change of basis, Heisenberg, Schrodinger and interactive pictures, Matrix theory of harmonic oscillator, raising and lowering operator.


UNIT – IIIANGULAR MOMENTUM

The angular momentum operators and their representation in spherical polar coordinates, solution of Schrodinger equation for spherically symmetric (central) potentials, spherical harmonics, Hydrogen atom. Commutators and various commutation relations. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of L2, Lz, L+, L- , JX and JY. Addition of angular momentum, C.G. coefficients, calculation of C G coefficient for J1=1/2, J2=1/2, Stern-Gerlach experiment.

UNIT – IV PERTURBATION THEORY

Time independent perturbation theory: Non degenerate case, first and second order perturbation, application to normal Helium atom, Degenerate case, Secular equation, First order Stark effect in hydrogen cases of ground stateTime-dependent perturbation theory: Zeroth order, first order perturbation, General expression for the probability of transition from one state to another, Fermi’s golden rule, harmonic, adiabatic, and sudden perturbation. TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Quantum Mechanics, L.I. Schiff (Tata McGraw-Hill, Delhi)2. Quantum Mechanics, B. Craseman and J.L. Powell (Narosa, New Delhi)3. Quantum Mechanics,S. Gasiorowicz (Wiley, New York)4. Modern Quantum Mechanics, J.J. Sakurai (Addison Wesley)5. Quantum Mechanics, P.M. Mathews & K.Venkatesan (Tata McGraw-Hill, Delhi)6. Quantum Mechanics, Ghatak & Loknathan7. Quantum Mechanics , M.P. Khanna (Har Anand, N. Delhi)8. Quantum Mechanics, V.K. Thankappan (New Age, N. Delhi)9. Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and applications, N. Zettili10. Quantum Mechanics, Bransden and Jochain11. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, B. S. Rajput12. Quantum Mechanics: Gupta Kumar Sharma13. Quantum Mechanics: Satya Prakash






DIGITAL ELECTRONICS




Course Objective:The course introduces the concept of binary arithmetic, Logic gates, sequential and combinational circuits, Logic families and semiconductor memories, Inter-conversion of analog and digital signals, Microprocessor Architecture, instruction set, interfacing with memory and I/O devices. The course will enable the students to solve various problems in digital electronics.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IINTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL CIRCUITS

Boolean algebra, de Morgans theorem, truth table to Karnaugh map and simplification.Data processing circuits : Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Adders, Encoders, Decoders, Sequential Circuits : RS, JK, D, clocked, preset and clear operation, race round condition in JK


flipflops, master-slave JK flip-flops as building block of sequential circuits. Digital logic families: RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, CMOS, MOS, Tri-state logic-switching, fan out and fan in.

UNIT-IIMEMORIES AND CONVERTERS

Semiconductor Memories : ROM, PROM, and EPROM, Ram, Static and Dynamic Random Access Memories (SRAM and DRAM), Content addressable memory, other advanced memories. D/A and A/D Converters : Parallel comparator A/D converter, A/D converter using voltage to frequency and using voltage to time conversion, accuracy and resolution. D/A converter resistive network, accuracy and resolution.

UNIT-IIIREGISTERS AND COUNTERS

Shift registers Operations, Serial In/ Serial Out Shift registers, Serial In/ Parallel Out Shift registers Parallel In/ Serial Out Shift registers,Parallel In/ Parallel Out Shift registers, Shift registers Counters, Shift registers applications, Asynchronous and synchronous counter, Up/down synchronous counter, Cascade Counter, Counter decoding, Counter Design and application.


UNIT-IVMICROPROCESSOR

Buffer registers, Bus organised computers, SAP-I, Microprocessor (µP) 8085 Architecture, memory interfacing, interfacing I/O devices. Assembly language programming : Instruction classification, addressing modes, op code and operand, fetch and execute cycle, timing diagram, machine cycle, instruction cycle and T states, Data transfer, logic and branch operations- Programming examples.

TEXT AND REFERENCES BOOKS:1. Digital Electronics, A.P. Malvino and D.P. Leach, TMH, 1993 2. Semiconductor Devices : Physics and Technology, S.M. Sze, John Wiley 3. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with 8085, R.S. Gaonkar, PHI 4. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory, Robert Boylested and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson

Education,10th ed., 20095. Digitals Fundamentals, Thomas L. Floyd, Pearson Education 10th, ed. 2017






ADVANCED NUCLEAR PHYSICSPaper No.-DPH406 Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objective: Objective of this course is to familiarize the students with basic aspects as well as advanced concepts of nuclear physics so that students may be well equipped with the techniques and basic to extend their study for emerging fields like Nuclear Astrophysics, High energy Physics etc. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT –INUCLEAR INTERACTION AND REACTION

Qualitative features and phenomenological potentials, Charge symmetry and charge independence of nuclear forces. Exchange forces, Meson theory of nuclear forces, Relationship between the range of the force and mass of the mediating particle.

Type of nuclear reactions, Q-value of nuclear reactions and its determination. Invariance in nuclear reactions. Basic concepts of cross section: Total cross section, Partial cross section, differential cross section. Cross section in terms of partial wave analysis.

UNIT –IIDEUTERON PROBLEM

Physical properties of deuteron: Mass, binding energy, spin or total angular momentum, parity, magnetic moment and electric quadrupole moment. Ground state of deuteron (square well potential), Range depth relationship for square well potential. Neutron-proton scattering at low energy, Concept of scattering length and significance of its sign. Spin dependence of neutron-proton scattering, Effective range theory of neutron-proton scattering.


UNIT-IIISHELL MODEL

Evidence for nuclear shell structure, Concept of magic numbers, Properties of magic nucleus, The square-well potential, The harmonic oscillator potential, Woods-Saxon potential and need of introducing spin-orbit coupling to reproduce the magic numbers, predictions of shell model. Schmidt lines, Nordheim’s rule for total angular momenta,


UNIT-IVNUCLEAR DETECTORS

Production of electron-hole pairs and semiconductor properties, Detector medium requirement and role of p-n junction, Working of p-n junction detector, Charge collection and pulse shape. Diffused junction silicon detectors, Surface barrier detectors, Lithium-Drifted silicon detectors, Si(Li),. Lithium-Drifted Germanium detectors, Ge(Li), Elementary idea of Scintillation detectors, Photomultiplier tubes.


1. Nuclear Physics: Principle and Application by John Lilley (Wiley Pub.).2. Concepts of Nuclear Physics by Bernard L Cohen (TMH).3. Nuclear Physics Experimental and Theoretical by H S Hans (New Age Int.).4. Nuclear Radiation Detector by S S Kapoor and V S Ramamurthy(New Age Int.).5. Introduction to Nuclear Physics by H.A. Enge(Addison-Wesley).6. Atomic Nucleus by R D Evans(Tata Mc Graw Hill).7. Nuclear Physics 2nd edition by I Kaplan(Narosa) .8. Introduction toNuclear reactions by G.R. Satchler (New York Oxford University Press)9. Concepts of Modern Physics by Arthur Beiser (TMH).10. Introductory Nuclear Physics, Kenneth S. Krane (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008).






CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS-II


04Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25


Course Objective: The course has been designed to familiarize the students with condensed matter physics at elementary stage. There will be exposure to the structure of crystals in direct and reciprocal space. The experimental methods for the determination of crystal structure will be discussed. Also one will be able to know the lattice dynamics and applications. Subsequently the free electron theory, band theory will be familiarized for the band structure to study and the behavior of electrons and ions in the magnetic field and electric field will be presented.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in


all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

LATTICE VIBRATIONS AND THERMAL PROPERTIESPhonons, Experimental determination of dispersion relation, Allowed values of k (normal mode of vibration), acoustic and optic branches, Dynamics of a linear chain of identical atoms, Vibrations of one dimensional lattice with a basis, particles displacements in the two branches, phonon processes, phonon density of states, Thermal properties of solids, an harmonic crystal interactions, the Gruneisen relation for the oscillator model.

UNIT-IISUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS

Introduction: Zero resistance, effect of magnetic field, persistent current, penetration depth, Superconductivity Phenomena, intermediate state, isotope effect, transition temperature, properties of superconductors, Meissner effect, Critical magnetic field & critical temperature. Types of superconductors Type I & II superconductors, Silsbee rule.BCS theory, Debye temperature. Superconductivity at high frequency, London's & Glag theories, High temperature superconductors and its application.


UNIT-IIICRYSTAL IMPERFECTIONS BONDING IN SOLIDS

General introduction of crystal imperfection, Importance of lattice imperfection, types of imperfections, point defects, formation of points defects, vacancy defects in elemental solids, schottky defect in ionic crystals, self-interstitial defect in elemental solids, frenkel defect in ionic solid, colour or F-Centers, dislocations, dislocation density, estimation of dislocation density from X-Ray diffraction measurements, General nature of cohesion between two atoms in a solid, ionic bond, covalent bond metallic bond, van der waal-London interaction.

UNIT-IVDIELECTRICS, PLASMONS AND POLARONS

Introduction, macroscopic dielectric constant, polar and non polar, electric dipole and its dipole field, molecular polarisability, mechanism of polarization, static electronic polarisibilty of atoms, ionic polarisability, dipolar polarisability, depolarization field, molecular field in a dielectric, permanent polarization, clausius –mossotti equation, plasma, application of plasma, plasma oscillations and plasmons, experimental set up for Plasmon excitation, electron-phonon interaction in ionic crystal (polarons)

TEXT AND RECOMMENDED BOOKS :

1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel (Wiley), 8th ed. 2005. 2. Introduction to Solids, L.V. Azaroff (Tata McGraw Hill). 1990. 3. Solid State Physics: A.J. Dekker (Prentice-Hall of India). 4. Elements of Materials Science and Engineering: L.H. Van Vlack {Addison-Wesley)

1998.5. Principles of Condensed Matter Physics: P.M Chaikin and T.C. Lubensky6. The Material Physics Companion: A.C Fischer and Cripps



DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,

MURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in PhysicsSemester-VIII


GENERAL PHYSICS LAB-IIPaper No. DPH410 Credits: 0408 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Note: Students are expected to perform at least twelve experiments out of the following list. At least four from section A & B and three from section C.

Section A

1. To determine Planck's constant using photovoltaic cell. 2. To determine the variation of the refractive index of the material of prism with wavelength and to

verify Cauchy’s dispersion formula.3. To determine the heat capacity of solids.4. To study the characteristics of G.M. Counter.5. To find the end point energy of a given source using G.M. Counter.6. To find the absorption coefficient of given material using G.M. counter7. Study of the dispersion relation for the mono-atomic lattice-Comparison with theory and find the

cut-off frequency of the mono-atomic lattice. 8. Study of the dispersion relation for the di-atomic lattice – ‘acoustical mode’ and ‘optical mode’

energy gap. Comparison with theory. 9. To study the Solid State Nuclear Track Detector.10. To study voltage doubler and tripler circuit.


Section B1. To verify the Truth Table of various Logic Gates.2. To study SR & JK flipflop circuits using logic gates.3. To study the use of digital comparator. 4. To study various aspects of frequency modulation and demodulation ETB-98.5. To study various aspects of amplitude modulation and demodulation ETB-96.6. Study of Digital to Analog converters using R-2R Network /Weighted register Network.7. Study of Encoder and Decoder circuits.8. Study of Multiplexers and Demultiplexers.9. To design adder and subtractor (half/full) using logic gates.10. To measure the band gap of Germanium using Four Probe Method.11. To study low pass, high and band pass filter circuit.


Section C

1. Voltage Doubler and Tripler circuit

2. Basic amplifier circuit using transistor

3. Designing of timer circuit

4. Integrator and differentiator circuit

5. To study Nuclear reaction and rates

6. To study Rutherford scattering

7. Fourier analysis of waves

8. To study laser working

9. Quantum Bound state






SIMULATION LAB



Note: Students are expected to perform at least five experiments out of the following list.

1. Simple harmonic motion of a loaded spring (using Euler Method)

2. Young’s Double slit interference

3. Diffraction using a Diffraction Grating

4. Random Number using different methods (Mid square, PC keyboard)

5. Simulation of radioactive decay

6. Diffusion as a Random Problem

7. Rutherford scattering






Semester-IX (Effective from Session 2021-2022)

ADVANCED QUANTUM MECHANICS




Course Objectives: To introduce the student to the formal structure of the subject and to equip him/her with the techniques of quantum field theory so that he/she can use these in various branches of physics as per his/her requirement.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I


QUANTUM MECHANICS APPROXIMATION METHODSThe Variational Method: expectation value of the energy, application to the ground state of Harmonic oscillator, Hydrogen and Helium atoms, Vander-Waal interactions.WKB Approximation: its validity and application for one-dimensional problems, connection formula, Application to barrier penetration.

UNIT-IISCATTERING THEORY

Basic concept of scattering, condition for validity of classical theory of scattering, Scattering cross-section and differential scattering cross section, Scattering amplitude, General formulation of the scattering theory, Green’s function, scattering by spherically symmetric potentials, partial wave analysis and phase shifts, scattering length, optical theorem, Born approximation, its validity and its applications to attractive square well and exponential potential.

UNIT-III IDENTICAL PARTICLES

Identical particles: Symmetric and anti-symmetric wave functions, distinguishability of identical particles, Pauli exclusion principle, connection with statistical mechanics, collisions of identical particles. Spin angular momentum: Pauli spin operators and matrices. Spin functions for two electron system. Effect of spin on energy states of a Helium Atom. Spin-Orbit interaction and the spin correction for Hydrogen atom.


UNIT-IV RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS

Relativistic quantum mechanics: Klein– Gordon equation for free particle, Probability and current density, Dirac relativistic equation for a free electron, Dirac α, β and matrices, Plain

wave solution of Dirac equation. Introduction of Feynman diagrams, Feynman rules, and their applications. Basics of quantization of field, classical formulation of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian equation of motion.

TEXT AND REFERENCES BOOKS:1. Advanced Quantum Mechanics : J.J. Sakurai (Addison-Wesley, Reading), 2004.2. A first book of Quantum Field Theory, A. Lahiri & P. Pal, (Narosa Pub.), 2nd ed. 2005.3. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J Griffiths, second edition4. Lectures on Quantum Field Theory, A. Das (World Scientific), 2008.5. A Text book of Quantum Mechanics, P.M. Mathews and K. Venkatesan, (TMH, New Delhi), 2004.6. Quantum Mechanics : M.P. Khanna, (Har Anand, New Delhi), 2006.7. Quantum Mechanics, Ghatak & Loknathan8. Quantum Mechanics, V.K.Thankappan (New Age Publications), 20129. Quantum Mechanics , Gupta, Kumar Sharma 10. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, Satya Prakash 11. Test Book of Quantum Mechanics, A K Saxena






STATISTICAL PHYSICS OF PARTICLES AND FIELDS




Course Objectives: The content of the course is designed in order to make students able to understand:

- The correlation between thermodynamic quantities and statistical parameters. - Thermodynamic behaviour of different basic systems using different ensembles.- Applicability of classical and quantum statistics for different particle systems.- Phase transition and its explanation based on using model.


Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT - I

STATISTICAL BASIS OF THERMODYNAMICS

Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Microscopic and macroscopic states, Concept of equal a priori probability, Approach to equilibrium and thermodynamic potentials,Contact between statistics and thermodynamics, classical ideal gas, Entropy of Mixing, Gibbs paradox and its solution, Phase space andLiouville's theorem, Ensemble and Ensemble average.

UNIT - II

ENSEMBLE THEORY

Micro-canonical ensemble theory and its application to ideal gas of monatomic particles; canonical ensemble and its thermodynamics, partition function; classical ideal gas in canonical ensemble, energy fluctuations in canonical ensemble; equipartition and Virial theorems, a system of quantum harmonic oscillators in canonical ensemble; Statistics of paramagnetism.Grand canonical ensemble and significance of statistical quantities, classical ideal gas in grand canonical ensemble; density and energy fluctuations in grand canonical ensemble.


UNIT - III

QUANTUM STATISTICS OF IDEAL SYSTEMS

Applicability of quantum statics with examples; an ideal gas in quantum mechanical ensemble, Ideal Bose system, basic concepts and thermodynamic behaviour of an ideal Bose gas; BoseEinstein condensation; Superfluid He4, gas of photons (the radiation fields) and gas of phonons (the Debye field); Ideal Fermi systems: thermodynamic behaviour of an ideal Fermi gas, discussion of heat capacity of a free electron gas at low temperatures.

UNIT - IV

INTERACTING PARTICLES AND PHASE TRANSITIONS

First and second order phase transitions with examples, Equilibrium between two phases, Clapeyron-Clausius equation, Critical exponents in phase transition, van de Waals model, Breakdown of the van der Waals equation, Introduction to mean field theory of phase transition, One and two dimensional Ising model to explain second order phase transition in magnetic materials. Brownian motion, Fokker-Planck Equation, Introduction to non-equilibrium processes, Irreversible processes, Diffusion equation.

REFERENCES:

1. Statistical Mechanics (2nd edition): R.K. Patharia (ButterworthHeinemann, Oxford).2. Statistical Mechanics: K. Huang (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).3. Statistical Mechanics: B.K. Agarwal and M. Eisner (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).4. Elementary Statistical Physics: C. Kittel (Wiley, New York).5. Statistical Mechanics: S.K. Sinha (Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi).6. A textbook of Statistical Mechanics by Suresh Chandra, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.7. Introduction to modern statistical mechanics by David Chandler, OXFORD University

press.8. Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity by James P. Sethna,

CLARENDON PRESS. OXFORD 2011.9. Statistical Physics of Particles, Mehran Kardar, Cambridge University Press, 2007.





CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AND DEFECTS ANALYSIS




Course Objective :The objective of the course is to impart basic knowledge about crystallography and imperfections in crystals. Various experimental technique used to for analysis of defects and imperfection in crystal will also be exposed.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in



UNIT – I

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

Point groups and space groups, Crystal structure of selected intermetallic and ceramics. Principle of powder Diffractometer. Interpretation of powder photograph, Accurate determination of lattice parameters. Rietveld analysis. Applications of powder method. Liquid crystals and their application in LCD and quasicrystals and their application in LEDs,

UNIT-II

DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS

Interpretation of oscillation photograph, X-ray method of orienting crystals about a crystallographic direction, Bernal chart, Indexing of reflections, Burger s precession method. Determination of relative structure amplitude from measured intensity (Lorentz and Polarization factors). Fourier representation of electron density. The phase problem,Patterson function.


UNIT – IIIIMPERFECTION OF CRYSTALS

Point defects and their classification, Defect Equilibrium, Point defect in metallic, ionic and covalent crystals. Color Centres F, M, R, V and H, Ploarons and Excitons, Dislocation theory: Continuum and atomistic , Mechanism of plastic deformation, Stress and strain fields of screw and edge dislocation, Elastic energy of dislocations, Forces between dislocations, Volume defects in non-crystalline materials , Dislocations in fcc, hcp and bcc lattices.

UNIT – IVDEFECT ANALYSIS

Partial dislocations and stacking faults in closed-packed structures. Defect characterization techniques: Scanning probe microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Field ion microscopy. Optical techniques for the observation ofdefects:Photoluminescence(PL),FourierTransformInfraRed(FTIR)andRamanspectroscopy.


1. Crystallography for Solid State Physics:VermaandSrivastava.


2. X-ray Crystallography:Azraf.3. Elementary Dislocation Theory: Weertman andWeerdtman.4. Crystal Structure Analysis:Burger5. Electron Microscopy of Thin Crystals:Hirsh.6. Introduction to Ceramics: W.D. Kingery, H.K. Bowen and D.R. Uhlmann, 2nd ed., John Wiley and

Sons, 19767. Introduction to dislocations: D. Hull and D. J. Bacon, 4th ed., Butterworth-Heinemann,

20018. Elements of X-ray diffraction: Cullity, B.D., Addison-Wesley, 1978


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYMURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039


Semester-IX(Effective from Session 2021-2022)

ADVANCED CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES


04 Hrs /week Max. Marks:75+25


Course Objectives: To introduce the students about various characterization techniques used for materials characterization so that they are confident to use the relevant techniques in their later career.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.


UNIT-ISTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

X-ray Diffraction techniques; Basic concepts of small angle X-ray Diffraction,position and orientation of crystal pane: miller indices, Production of X-rays, its properties and hazards effect, X-ray Diffraction and Bragg's law, Identification of phase analysis, Determination of crystal structure of powder sampleby Debye-Scherrer techniques, residual stress measurement, introduction to pole figure and texture analysis.

UNIT-IIELECTRON MICROSCOPY (FE-SEM AND HR-TEM)

Electron diffraction;Basic concepts and Principles and operation of Field emission scanning electron microscope and High resolution transmission electron microscopy, Geometry of electron microscopes, Electron Sources, Production of Vacuum, Pressure measurement, Specimen Handling and preparation, primary electron image, Secondary electron image, Backscattered electron image, Example of scanning electron micro-graphs and fractography studies, Topological construction of materials.

UNIT-IIISPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES

Basics of UV and visible Spectroscopy: Electronic transitions, Beer-Lambert Law, visible spectrum and colour; Infrared Spectroscopy: Instrumentation and sample handling, overtones, applications of FT-IR and IR Spectroscopy; NMR Spectroscopy: General introduction and definition, chemical shift, spin-spin interaction, shielding and de-shielding mechanism; Mass spectroscopy: Introduction, ion-production, Raman spectroscopy: Introduction, principle and applicationsand Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy.

UNIT-IVSCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY & THERMAL ANALYSIS

Principles and operation of scanning probe microscopes (SPM); Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Magnetic and Piezo-Force microscopy,Thermal Analysis: Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Operating principles and their applications.


1. Electron Microscopy and Analysis-P.J.Goodhew, F.J.Humphreys, Taylor & Francis,2nd

edition, 19972. Fundamentals of Molecular spectroscopy - Colin N. Banwell and Elaine M. McCash,

Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., Fourth edition


3. Modern Physical Metallurgy - Smallman R. E., 4th Edition, Butterworths, 19854. Modern Metallographic Techniques and their Applications - Philips V. A., Wiley

Interscience, 19715. Elements of X-ray Diffraction - Cullity B. D., 4th Edition, Addison Wiley, 19786. Electron Beam Analysis of Materials - Loretto M. H., Chapman and Hall, 19847. Transmission Electron Microscopy – Eddington8. Scanning Probe Microscopy and Spectroscopy: Theory, Techniques, and Applications –

Dawn Bonnell, Wiley-VCH.9. Scanning Probe Microscopy - Meyer, Ernst, Hug, Hans Josef, Bennewitz, Roland,

Springer.10. Basics of NMR: by Joseph P. Hornak


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY


Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in PhysicsSemester-IX

(Effective from Session2021-2022)

SENSOR TECHNOLOGYPaper No.: DPH509 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objective:The course has been designed to introduce the students with advanced matter physics. They will be exposed to the structure of materials in direct and phase space. The experimental methods for the determination of porous structure of the material will also be studied. The applications of porous materials will also be undertaken. Subsequently the sensors, market prospectus will be studied.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT I

INTRODUCTION TO SENSING MATERIALSMaterials for Sensors, Introduction of porous materials, IUPAC classification of porous materials, Porous Silica, Types of Porous materials;M41S materials, Mobile Crystalline Materials-41, Mobile Crystalline Materials -48, Santa Barbra Amorphous-15 materials, Santa Barbra Amorphous –16 materials, Mesoporous metal oxides, Mesoporous carbon, Hybrid organic-inorganic mesoporous materials, Role of structure directing agents/surfactants, Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs), Type of surfactants; Ionic surfactant template, Neutral surfactant templates, Role of templates, Soft templates, Hard templates.

UNIT IISYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SENSING MATERIALS


Synthesis pathways for the formation of porous materials, Chemical modification of porous materials, Functionalization, Grafting method, Co-condensation method, Hydrothermal treatment, Surfactant removal, Calcination process, Chemical extraction, Microwave digestion, Plasma process, Ultrasonication, Modification of mesoporous silica, Doping, Nanocasting, Mesoporous silica- polymer based composites, Mesoporous Silica/Metal (Oxides) nanocomposites, Mesoporous Carbon/ polymer nanocomposites, Factors affecting structural properties and morphology of materials, Reaction conditions, Characterization techniques for porous materials, Low Angle XRD (LA-XRD),Physisorption- The specific surface area determination, High Resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM).


UNIT IIIFABRICATION OF SENSORS

Definition and Classification, Historical Background, Characteristics of Sensors, Trends in Sensors requirements, Introduction to sensors, Fundamental of Sensors, Issues with traditional materials in sensing technology, Grafting, Functionalization, Metal-Oxide Sensors, Structure of the Sensing Layer, The Nature of Sensitivity in Semiconductor Metal Oxide Sensors, Factors Affecting the Sensitivity of Metal-Oxide Sensor, Selectivity of Metal Oxide Sensors, Stability of Metal Oxide Sensors, Durability of Metal Oxide Sensors.

UNIT IVAPPLICATION OF SENSORS

Introduction to measurands in different market sectors, Merit for Sensor technologies; Discussion of Physical Measurand, Discussion of Chemical Measurand, Discussion of Biological Measurand, Sensor systems; Sensors for Physical Measurand, Sensors for Chemical Measurand, Sensors for Biological Measurand, Important current and Emerging Technologies for Sensors, MicroElectro Mechanical System (MEMS), The Sensor Market, Opportunity areas for sensor technologies, Trends in sensor requirements. Types of Sensors, i.e. Humidity Sensor,Temperature & heat Sensors, Magnetic sensors, capacitive & charge sensors, Light & radiation sensors, chemical & gas sensors, Biological & environment sensors,Sensors for aerospace and defence, Night Vision System, Packaging and

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Intelligent Nanomaterials: Processes, Properties, and Applications of Smart Nanocomposites,

Ashutosh Tiwari, Ajay K. Mishra, Antony F. Turner and H. Kobayashi Wiley Partners with Scrivener Publishing, USA, 2011. ISBN: 978-0-470-93879-9.

2.Template-Directed Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Graphene Based Hybrid Structure for Electrochemical Biosensing, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Onur Parlak, Atul Tiwari, Anthony P.F. Turner, Ashutosh Tiwari, 2013

3. The Colloidal Domain: Where Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Technology Meet, D.F. Evans, H. Wennerstrom, 2nd ed., Wiley-VCH, New York, 1999.

4. Applied Colloid and Surface Chemistry, R.M. Pashley, M.E. Karaman, Wiley, West Sussex, 2004.5. MRI-Visual Order–Disorder Micellar Nanostructures for Smart Cancer, H. K. Patra , N.

Khaliq , T. Romu , E. Wiechec , M. Borga , A. P. F. Turner , and A. Tiwari.




Semester-IX (Effective from Session2021-2022)

ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS




Course Objective: The course introduces the various types of analog communication system, generation and transmission, to students. Further the concept of wireless communication using microwave and satellite communication is being introduced.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in



UNIT -IANALOG SIGNAL TRANSMISSION

Signal and Signal Classification, Representation of signals, Time domain and Frequency Domain Representation of Signal, Fourier Series, Types of Fourier Series (Trignometric, Polar and Exponential Fourier Series), Introduction, Amplitude and Angle Modulation(Frequency & phase modulation); Single tone Amplitude and Frequency Modulation; AM and FM modulating and demodulating circuits; Sampling Theory, Types of Sampling; Pulse modulation , PAM, PWM and PPM modulation and demodulation, Quantization, PCM, Differential PCM and Delta modulation systems, Comparison of PCM and PDM.

UNIT-IIMICROWAVE ELECTRONICS

Microwave characteristic features & applications, Microwave Transmission, Wave guide and cavity resonators, Propogation of TE and TM wave in Rectangular waveguide, Generation of Microwave : Two cavitiesKlystron, Reflex Klystron, Travelling Wave Tube, Transfer Electron Device-Gunn diode,Avalanche Transist Time Devices: IMPATT Diode-Physical structure, Principle of operation,breakdown voltage, Avalanche and Drift region; Ferrite Devices- Gyrator, Isolator and circulator, PIN diode modulator, Directional coupler, Microwave Measurement using microwave Bench-Dielectric constant and VSWR measurement.


UNIT -IIIRADAR COMMUNICATION

Basic Radar systems, Free Space Radar range equation and performance factor, Radar Cross-section, Pulsed Radar system, Duplexer, Radar displays, Target Detection, Scanning and Tracking with Radar, Doppler Radar, CWIF Radar, FMCW Radar, Moving Target Indicator (MTI), Blind Speeds, radar antenna.

UNIT -IVSATELLITE COMMUNICATION

Principle of Satellite communication, Satellite frequency allocation and band spectrum, Satellite orbit and Inclination, trajectory and its stability, Satellite General link Design, Complete Link Design, Multiple Access Technique, Time Division Multiple Accesses Technique, Satellite Applications.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Communication System : Simon Haykin, J. Willey Pub.2. Electronic Communication : Dennis Roddy and John Coolen, Pearson Pub.3. Microwave and Radar Engineeering : M.Kulkarni, Umesh Publication.4. Digital and Analog Communication Systems : K. San Shanmugam, J. Wiley Pub.5. Satellite Communication : D.C. Aggarwal, Khanna Pub.6. Electronic Communication Systems, G. Kennedy, B. Davis S R M Prasanna, TMH Pub.7. Satellite Communication, T. Pratt and C. W. Boston, J. Wiley Pub.





DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS





Course Objective:To expose the students to Advances in Information theory, coding, Digital signal processing, Fiber optics communication and some basics of interfacing techniques.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – IINFORMATION THEORY AND CODING

Discrete Memory-less Source, Information, Entropy, Mutual Information – Discrete Memory-less Channels – Binary Symmetric Channel, Channel Capacity – Hartley – Shannon Law – Source Coding Theorem – Shannon – Fano and Huffman Codes. Channel Coding Theorem, Linear Block Codes, Hamming Codes, Cyclic Codes, Convolutional Codes.

UNIT – IISIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND NOISE

Basics Elements of Communication Systems, Fourier Representation of Periodic and Non-Periodic Signals, Impulse and Step Response of Systems, Time and Frequency Domain Analysis of Systems, Ideal and Real Filters.Noise in Communication Systems, Signal to Noise Ratio, Noise Equivalent Bandwidth and Noise Figure. Nyquist criterion for distortion less transmission.

UNIT – IIIDIGITAL SIGNAL (DATA) TRANSMISSION

Introduction, Optimum Receiver For Binary Digital Modulation Schemes, Binary ASK, Binary FSK, Binary PSK and Differential PSK Signaling Schemes, Serial Data Communication in Computers USART 8251, Basics Communication Networks (LAN,WAN,MAN).

UNIT – IVFIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION

Basic Optical Communication System, Wave Propagation through Optical Fiber, Step and Graded Index Fiber, Material Dispersion and Mode Propagation, Optical Fiber Sources (LEDs and


LASERs) and Detectors (PIN Photodiode, APD Photodiode), Optical Joints and Couplers, Losses in Optical Fiber.


1. Digital and Analog Communication Systems: K. San Shanmugam. 2. Communication Systems: Simon Haykin. 3. Optical Fibre Communication: Kaiser.4. Digital Communication Fundamentals and Applications‖, B. Sklar, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education5. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B.P.Lathi ‖ 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press 6. Analog and Digital Communications‖, H P Hsu, Schaum Outline Series -TMH 20067. Digital Communication‖,J.G Proakis, 4th Edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill Company, 2001.






NANO-MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRONICS




Course Objectives: The content of the course is designed in order to prepare and train students about:

- Evolving technology which lies at the interfaces of chemistry, physics and biology. - Nanoscale phenomena and properties. - The synthesis and self-assembly of nano-materials - Methods used for nanoscale characterization.


- Potential applications of nano-materials

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IINTRODUCTION AND FUNDAMENTALS OF NANO-MATERIALS

Historical development of Nanomaterials: Feynman’s vision, Classification of Nanomaterials, Size & Scale, Units, Scaling; Atoms, Molecules, Clusters and Supra-molecules.Structure and Bonding in Nanomaterials: Chemical Bonds (types and strength), Intermolecular Forces, Molecular and Crystalline Structures, Hierarchical Structures, Bulk to Surface transition, surface reconstruction, Self assembly and thermodynamics.

UNIT-IIPROPERTIES AND SPECIAL NANO-MATERIALS

Size Dependent Chemical and Physical Properties: Electrical, optical, catalytic, magnetic, thermodynamic, and Mechanical properties of nano-materials.Special nano-materials: Carbon nano-tubes, fullerenes, nano-wires, porous silicon, ferrofluids.


UNIT-IIISYNTHESIS OF NANO-MATERIALS

Synthesis: Chemical routes, Sol-gel methods, Electrochemical methods, Vapor growth; Thin films methods: chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, (sputtering, laser ablation); Mechanical methods: ball millingNucleation theory, surface energy and stabilization

UNIT-IVNANO-MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS

Characterization Techniques: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Probe Microscopies: Atomic Force, scanning tunneling microscopy, Diffraction and scattering techniques, Vibrational spectroscopy, Surface techniques, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer, Impedance analyzer.Applications: Electrical, optical, catalytic, magnetic, thermodynamic, purification, sensing, biological applications of nano-materials.

TEXT BOOKS &REFERENCES:

1. The Physics and Chemistry of NanoSolids, Frank J. Owens and Charles P. Poole Jr, Wiley-Interscience (2008).

2. Nanostructures & Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties & Applications, Guozhong Cao and Ying Wang, World Scientific (2011).

3. Nanomaterials- Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Edited by A.S. Edelstein and R.C. Cammarata, Institute of Physics Publishing, London, (1998).

4. Nanochemistry: A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials, G. Ozin and A. Arsenault, RSC Publishing, (2005).

5. Nanophysics and Nanotechnology: An Introduction to Modern Concepts in Nanoscience, Edward L. Wolf, Wiley-VCH, 2nd Reprint (2005)





Semester-IX (Effective from Session 2019-2020)Nuclear Reactions & applications

Paper No.: DPH517 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max. Marks: 75+25Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.

Course Objectives:. To introduce the students about nuclear reactions theory and their applications.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-INUCLEAR REACTIONS & TWO BODY PROBLEM

Type of nuclear reactions, Q-value of nuclear reactions and its determination. Invariance in nuclear reactions. Basic concepts of cross section: Total cross section, Partial cross section, differential cross section. Cross section in terms of partial wave analysis.

Physical properties of deuteron: Mass, binding energy, spin or total angular momentum, parity, magnetic moment and electric quadrupole moment. Ground state of deuteron (square well potential), Range depth relationship for square well potential. Neutron-proton scattering at low energy, Concept of scattering length and significance of its sign. Spin dependence of neutron-proton scattering, Effective range theory of neutron-proton scattering

UNIT-II

SCATTERING THEORY-I


Elementary scattering theory: form of the wave function, incident wave, laboratory and centre of mass system, internal states, scattered waves, differential cross –sections, the Schrodinger equation, coupled equations form of the Schrodinger equation, integral form of Schrodinger equation for scattering by a potential.


UNIT-III

SCATTERING THEORY-II

Born and distorted wave Born approximation, Integral equation for a general collision. Significance of partial waves, partial wave expansions, ingoing and outgoing waves, scattering matrix and phase shifts, phase shifts for potential scattering, partial wave expression for scattering amplitudes, effects of Coulomb forces.

UNIT-IVAPPLICATIONS

Applications to nuclear power, nuclear fission, nuclear reactors, nuclear fuel, reactor safety, nuclear waste, cost of nuclear power, proliferation of nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons, nuclear forensics. Applications to astrophysics, energy production in tars.

Text and Reference Books

1. Nuclear Physics: Principle and Application by John Lilley (Wiley Pub.).

2. Concepts of Nuclear Physics by Bernard L Cohen (TMH).

3. Nuclear Physics: Theory and Experiment by R R Roy and B P Nigam (New Age Int.)

4. Nuclear Physics Experimental and Theoretical by H S Hans (New Age Int.).

5. Introduction to nuclear reactions G R Satchler (Oxford university Press)

6. Introduction to nuclear science, Jeff C. Bryan (CRC Press)


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,MURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039



NUCLEAR PHYSICS SPL-II(DETECTORS AND APPLICATIONS)

Paper No. DPH 519 Credits: 04



Course Objectives: To expose the students to different theoretical aspects of design and usage of various nuclear detectors.


UNIT-IINTERACTION OF NUCLEAR RADIATION WITH MATTER

Classification of nuclear radiation, Interaction of heavy charged particles with matter in low, medium and high velocity region. Range-Energy relationship for heavy charged particles, Energy and range straggling. Interaction of fast electrons in matter. Basic idea of photon Interaction in Matter, linear and mass absorption coefficients of gamma rays in matter. Distribution of energy deposition by photon in a finite medium. Mechanism of charge production in detector media. Interaction of neutron with matte and brief idea of detection.

UNIT-IIGAS DETECTORS


Basic idea of particle/radiation detection, construction and working of Gas Ionization Detectors, Mobility of charge(ions and electrons) carriers, Electron attachment and recombination, Gas multiplication and modes of operation of gas detectors.


Pulse-mode operated ionization chambers: Pulse formation in a parallel plate ionization chamber, Gridded ionization chambers and measurements of energy of heavily ionizing particles.

Geiger-Muller Counters, The Geiger discharge, Development of pulse and quenching, Dead time, Geiger plateau, Counting efficiency. Various Methods for visualization of the tracks of radiation i.e. construction and working of Wilson cloud chamber, bubble chamber and spark chambers.

UNIT-IIISOLID STATE DETECTORS

Interaction of heavy charged particles, electrons and photons with silicon and germanium. Production of electron-hole pairs. Semiconductor properties, Detector medium requirement and role of p-n junction, Working of p-n junction detector, Charge collection and pulse shape. Diffused junction silicon detectors, Surface barrier detectors, Lithium-Drifted silicon detectors, Si(Li), Lithium-Drifted Germanium detectors, Ge(Li). Solid state nuclear track detectors, its working and etching procedure.

UNIT-IVSCINTILLATION DETECTORS

Scintillation mechanism and classification of scintillation materials: Mechanism of scintillations in inorganic crystal scintillators, Mechanism of scintillations in organic crystal scintillators, Scintillation response, Time characteristics of scintillator output, Detection efficiency of scintillation detectors, Energy resolution of scintillation detectors.

Inorganic scintillators: Thallium activated sodium iodide-NaI(Tl) scintillator. Construction and working of Photomultiplier tubes.

Reference Books:

1.Nuclear Radiation Detector by S S Kapoor and V S Ramamurthy(New Age Int.).

2.Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments by W R Leo (Springer-Verlag)

3.Nuclear Radiation Detection, Measurements and Analysis by K Muraleedhara Varier (Narosa)


4. Nuclear Physics: Principle and Application by John Lilley (Wiley Pub.).

5. Nuclear Physics, Dr S N Ghoshal (S Chand)




Semester-X (Effective from Session 2019-2020)

Physics of loosely bound nuclei Paper No.: DPH521 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max. Marks: 75+25Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objectives: To expose the students to the drip line physics and their applications Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit-I

Nuclear physics at the extremes of stability

Experimental evidences for exotic nuclei. Line of stability, Drip line physics: nuclear halos (single-neutron halo nuclei, two –neutron halo nuclei), experimental test for existence of halo nuclei, neutron skins, proton-rich nuclei and other exotica. Qualitative overview of theoretical concepts (in context to weakly bound nuclei) and extrapolations.

Unit-II

Experimental technique for drip line nuclei

Production of RIB’s, Radioactive ion beams (RIBs) as a new experimental technique, radioactive ion beam facilities available worldwide. isotope separation on –line (ISOL) and in-flight fragment separation (IFS) experimental method. distinction in the type od ISOL facilities based on type of driver and post –accelerator devices used.

Unit-IIINuclear astrophysics applications

Introduction to application of nuclear reactions involving weakly bound nuclei to the astrophysical problems like in nucleosynthesis. Stellar reactions in the laboratory, reaction rate, energy production in stars, formation of super heavy nuclei (SHE).

Unit-IVFacilities round the globe


ISOL facilities Louvain-la-Neuve, GANIL-Spiral at Caen, DRIB project FLEROV laboratory FLNR at Dubna, REX-ISOLDE at CERN, ISAC-TRIUMF at Vancouver, SPES project at Legnaro, KEK-Tanashi, VEC- RIB at Calcutta, HRIB at Oak-Ridge, Batch mode facility: ATLAS at ANL, BEARS at LBNL, IFS facilities: GANIL at Caen and GSI at Darmstadt.

REFERENCES:

1. Basic Ideas and Concepts in Nuclear Physics by K Heyde (IOP)2. Nuclear Physics Experimental and Theoretical by H S Hans (New Age Int.).3. Nuclear Radiation Detector by S S Kapoor and V S Ramamurthy(New Age Int.).4. Introduction to Nuclear Physics by H.A. Enge(Addison-Wesley).






SPECTROSCOPY SPL-IOPTICS & LASER TECHNOLOGY



Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with the basic principles of lasers, different laser systems and their applications in various fields.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LASERS & OPTICS Stimulated Absorption, Stimulated Emission and Spontaneous Emission: Absorption and Gain Coefficient. Radiative Lifetime and Spontaneous Transition Probabilities. Saturation: Saturation of Absorption. Gain Saturation. Widths and Profiles of Spectral Lines: Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Broadening, Natural Linewidth, Doppler Width, Collision Broadening of Spectral Lines. Laser Amplification, Laser Oscillation, Optical and Electrical pumping, Optical Resonators, Optimization of favorable losses in Resonators, Resonance frequencies of Optical Resonators. Laser Modes. Steady State Output, Continuous wave and Transient Laser behavior, Single-Mode Operation.

UNIT - IIENERGY DISTRIBUTION AND LASER DESIGN

Einstein's quantum theory of radiation; Boltzmann distribution, Population inversion, Rate equations, Stability conditions, Three level and four level lasers; Issues in designing a laser;

Pumping mechanisms; Stable and unstable resonators, Laser Cavity, Longitudinal and Transverse Modes, Mode Selection, Gain in a Regenerative Laser Cavity; Q-switching, Mode


locking, Laser amplification, Frequency conversion, Pulse expansion, Pulse shortening – Pico-second and Femto-second operations, Spectral narrowing and Stabilization.


UNIT – IIILASER SYSTEMS

Basics of tunable, ultrafast and power lasers; Gas lasers: He-Ne, He-Cd, Ar, Kr ion, CO2, Excimer lasers; Solid state lasers: Diode pumped solid state lasers, Lamp pumping and thermalissues; Ruby, Nd-YAG, Fibre lasers; Dye Lasers; Semiconductor lasers: Laser materials, Laser structure, Frequency control of laser output, Modern diode laser, Quantum cascade lasers, p-Ge lasers, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser.

UNIT - IVAPPLICATIONS OF LASER

Laser cooling; Laser barcode scanner, Laser printing, Laser trimming, Cutting, Welding, Drilling and Tracking, Pattern formation by laser etching; LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging); Laser-tissue interaction, Laser surgery; Holography, Fluorescence Excitation Spectroscopy and Laser Induced Fluorescence,

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Laser Fundamentals, by William T. Silfvast, Cambridge University Press, 2008.2. Principles of Lasers, by Orazio Svelto; Springer, 2009.3. Lasers – Theory and Applications, by K. Thyagarajan and A. K. Ghatak; Macmillan In.,1981.4. Introduction to Lasers and their Applications- D.C. OShea, W.R. Callen & W.T. Rhodes; Addison-Wesley.5. Introduction to Laser Physics, by K.Shimoda ; Springer-Verlag.6. Optical Electronics, by Ghatak and Thyagarajan, Cambridge7. Laser Application in Surface Science and Technology, by H. G. Rubahn; John Wiley andSons, 1999.






SPECTROSCOPY SPL-II(Optical Instrumentation)



Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with different types of detectors and their uses, different types of imaging systems, interferometric techniques and their uses in testing optical components and Holography and Holographic Optical Elements.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – IMODERN OPTICAL ELEMENTS & OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES

Imaging by Lenses of varying diameters, thick and thin lenses, overview of optical aberrations produced by lenses, GRIN lenses, Blazed and Ronchi Grating, Different types of Prisms-Right Angle, Porro, Dove Prism, Penta Prism, Constant deviation prisms - Abbe and Pellin-Broca Prism, Detectors, Thermal and Quantum detectors, Efficiency, Different types of Thermal and Quantum detectors, Photodiodes, Photomultiplier Tube (PMT), Electro- and acousto-optic effects and modulators, Charge Coupled Device (CCD) and Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) device.

UNIT - IISPECIALIZED INTERFEROMETRY & PHASE MEASURING TECHNIQUES


Interferometer principles, Path difference introduced by thin film, Young’s fringes, Newton, Michelson and Twyman-Green Interferometer and their applications, lateral shearing interferometer, Radial, rotational and reversal shear interferometer, Multi-beam, Multi-pass and Multi-wavelength interferometer and their applications, Common path interferometer. Temporal and spatial phase shifting using Phase shifting Interferometry (PSI), Advantages and disadvantages of PSI over conventional interferometry.

UNIT – IIIIMAGING SYSTEMS

Ordinary Microscopy and their limitation for use in study of biological specimen, Bright field microscopy, Dark field microscopy and Polarized light microscopy, Interference microscopy- Differential Interference Contrast (DIC), its pros and cons, Photoluminescence-Fluorescence and Phosphorescence, emission and absorption spectra, measurement of fluorescence using fluorometer and spectrofluorometer, confocal microscopy.

UNIT - IVMODULATION, SCANNING & HOLOGRAPHY

Modulation of Light, Scanning, Mechanical Scanners, acousto-optical Scanners, Basics of Holography and its applications in recording different types of holograms, Speckle and its use in speckle photography and speckle shearing interferometry, Holographic Optical Elements (HOE)-Holo-lens and holo-mirror, Computer generated hologram (CGH), Holographic Scanners.


1. Introduction to Applied Optics, P. Banerjee and T.C. Poon, CRC Press, 2003.2. Elements of Modern Optical Design, Donal C O 'Shea, Wiley Interscience, 1985.3.Advanced Light Microscopy, Vols. 1-2, M. Pluta, Elsevier, 1988.4. Modern Optical Engineering, W.J. Smith, McGraw-Hill, 1966.5.Fundamental of Photonics, B. E. A. Saleh, M. C. Teich, Wiley, 2007.







SPECTROSCOPY SPL-IIINONLINEAR OPTICS AND APPLICATIONS



Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with different nonlinear processes arising out of light matter interaction in nonlinear media classically as well as quantum mechanically and give them a conceptual understanding of the working principle of various optical devices based on nonlinear phenomena.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I

BASIC CONCEPTS AND SECOND ORDER NONLINEAR EFFECTS

Origin of nonlinearity, Brief review of electromagnetic waves, Polarization, Diffraction, Anisotropic media, Light propagation through anisotropic media, Nonlinear polarization, Nonlinear susceptibility, Wave equation, Second harmonic generation (SHG), Phase matching techniques, Periodically poled materials and their applications in nonlinear optical devices, Parametric fluorescence, Parametric amplification, Sum and Difference frequency generation, Parametric oscillation.

UNIT - II

THIRD ORDER NONLINEAR EFFCTS

Third harmonic generation (THG), Self-phase modulation, Cross-phase modulation, Four wave mixing, Optical phase conjugation, Kerr effect, Self-focusing and Self-defocusing, Spontaneous and Stimulated Raman Scattering, Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Hyper-Raman effect,


Higher-order Raman processes, Optical properties of selected third order nonlinear optical Materials: brief relative discussion only.


UNIT – III

QUANTUM APPROACH TO THEORY OF NONLINEAR OPTICS

Use of Density matrix and Perturbative approach to nonlinear optical susceptibilities, Multi-quantum photoelectric effect, Two-photon processes, Theory of two Photon Processes, Two-photon effect in a semiconductor, Two-photon ionization, Violation of the square law dependence, Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy, Three-photon processes, Multiphoton processes, frequency up-conversion, phase conjugate optics.

UNIT - IV

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN NONLINEAR ABSORPTION

Transmission measurements, Three-wave mixing, Two-photon fluorescence, Photothermal techniques, Degenerate four-wave mixing, Heterodyned Kerr effect measurements, Chirped-pulse pump–probe technique, Electro-optic effect, Electro-optic modulators, Photorefractive effect, Acousto-optic effect, Acousto-optic modulators, Magneto-optic effect, Faraday effect, Magneto-optic modulator, Quantum detectors.


1. Nonlinear Optics, R.W. Boyd, Academic press, Elsevier, 2008.2. Fundamentals of Nonlinear Optics, P. E. Powers, CRC Press, 2011.3. Handbook of Nonlinear Optics, R. L. Sutherland, 2003.4. Lasers and Non-Linear Optics by B B Laud.5. An Introduction to Nonlinear Optics by George C Baldwin





CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS LABORATORY-IPaper No. DPH529 Credits: 0714 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 100+50


Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in condensed matter physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in from the

following list2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing shortanswer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1. Synthesis and characterization of metal oxide thin film by spin coating method. 2. Synthesis and characterization of Nanoferrites by Dip Coating method3. Synthesis and characterization of stearic acid thin film by LB coating method4. AC impedance measurements of thin film materials – Rare Earth doped oxides

(i.e Sm2O3or Y2O3) 5. DC resistivity measurements of thin film materials – Rare Earth doped oxides

(CeO2or Y2O3) 6. AC impedance analysis of thin film amorphous materials7. AC impedance measurement Noble metals doped silica thin film


8. FTIR Spectroscopy– functional group determination of N-type semiconductor materials thin film.

9. FTIR Spectroscopy– functional group determination of P-type semiconductor materials thin film.

10. Wide Angle X-Ray Diffraction – thin film analysis11. FE-SEM characterization of metal oxide nanocomposites thin film

12. Identification of unknown sample using powder diffraction method.

13. To study the modulus of rigidity and internal friction in a metal as a functioning temperature.

14. To measure the cleavage step height of a crystal by multiple Fizaeu Fringes.

15. To study the ferroelectric transitions in BaTiO3 crystal and measurement of Curie temperature.

16. To determine magneto resistance of a Ge/ Si crystal as a function of magnetic field.

17. To find the ‘g’ factor of DPPH using electron spin resonance.

18. To study electric properties of oxide materials / thin films of metals/ semiconducting oxides.

19. Band gap measurement of oxide materials using UV spectroscopy.

20. To study NMR spectra of 1H and 11F nuclei or other similar nuclei using NMR spectrometer.

21. To Measurement of Susceptibility of Paramagnetic liquids by Q-tube Method.

22. To study the dielectric properties of ferromagnetic materials






ELECTRONICS LABORATORY-I



Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in condensed matter physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each

semester.2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing shortanswer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1.To study a 650nm fiber optic link for both analog signal and digital signal and also to observe the relationship between the input and received signal.

2. To obtain the intensity modulation of a given sinusoidal optical fiber signal.3. To obtain the intensity modulation of a given digital optical fiber signal.4. To measure numerical aperture, propagation loss, bending loss and connector loss in

optical fibre. 5. Study of the low pass, high pass and band pass filters using the passive elements and

active elements. 6. (i) To study the power dissipation in the SSB and DSB side bands of AM wave. (ii) To study various aspects of frequency modulation and demodulation.


7. Design of regulated power supply and study of its characteristics. 8. To study various displays and drivers on a bread-board Assembling circuits on

breadboard. 9. To study the effect of noise on various analog system, calculate signal to noise ratio,

noise figure, noise power and noise power spectral density. 10. Microwave characteristics and measurements. 11. Nonlinear applications of Op amplifier. 12. To study the characteristic, propogation modes, wavelength and phase velocity in a

wave guide. 13. PLL characteristics and its applications.14. PAM, PWM and PPM Modulation and demodulation.15. XRD analysis for crystalline properties of materials in powder/bulk/thin film form.16. Synthesis of nano-material using Sol-Gel/ chemical co-precipitation method17. Study of thin film deposition of materials.18. Study of magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic materials.19. To study the effect of environmental humidity on electrical properties of nano-materials.20. To study the frequency dependence of electrical properties in materials.






M.Sc. PhysicsNUCLEAR PHYSICS LAB-I


14 Hrs /week Max. Marks:100+50


Course Objectives: To train the students about experimental techniques in nuclear physics, particle physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.

Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each semester.

2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing short answer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

Section: A (Student will perform at least Six experiments from this section)

1. To verify the inverse square law using gamma rays.

2. To estimate the efficiency of GM detector for (a) gamma source (b) beta source

3. To find the Linear & mass attenuation coefficient using gamma source.

4. To study the Solid State Nuclear Track Detector.

5. To determine the mass absorption coefficient for beta rays.

6. To study the counting statistics for radioactive decay using SSNTD.


7. To determine the operating voltage of a photomultiplier tube.

8. To find efficiency of NaI (Tl) detector.


Section: B Virtual lab: (Student will perform at least Two virtual experiments using the online available apps )

1. To study Compton scattering using computer code.

2. To study the Rutherford scattering through computer code.

3. To study decay series using online apps (Google apps or any other apps)

4. To study half life of nucleus online apps (Google apps or any other apps)

5. To study penetration properties of nuclear radiation (Google apps or any other apps)

NOTE: MORE EXPERIMENTS MAY BE ADDED TIME TO TIME.





SPECTROSCOPY LABORATORY-IPaper No. DPH541 Credits: 0714 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 100+50


Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in condensed matter physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in from the

following list2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing shortanswer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1. Couple the laser beam into the fibre and adjust to achieve maximum output power at the exit of the fibre.

2. Demonstrate the transmission of a low frequency signal through the fibre.

3. Measure the numerical aperture of the fibre.4. Franck-Hertz Experiment5. Absorption Spectrum of Iodine Vapour6. Emission Spectra of Metals7. Emission Spectra of Hydrogen8. Sodium D-line Splitting9. Diffraction of light by ultrasonic waves


10. Michelson Interferometer11. Fabry-Perot Interferometer12. Normal and Anomolous Zeeman effect13. Electron Spin Resonance of DPPH14. FTIR Spectroscopy– functional group determination of N-type semiconductor

materials thin film.15. FTIR Spectroscopy– functional group determination of P-type semiconductor

materials thin film.


16. Wide Angle X-Ray Diffraction – thin film analysis17. FE-SEM characterization of metal oxide nanocomposites thin film

18. Identification of unknown sample using powder diffraction method.

19. Band gap measurement of oxide materials using UV spectroscopy.

20. To study NMR spectra of 1H and 11F nuclei or other similar nuclei using NMR spectrometer.





Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in PhysicsSemester-X


ELECTRODYNAMICS




Course Objectives: The content of the course is designed in order to make students able to understand:

- Wave equations using Maxwell’s equations. - Propagation of electromagnetic waves in different mediums.- Fields and radiations created by moving and accelerated charges.- EM wave propagation through waveguides.- Basics of Plasma physics.


Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

TIME VARYING FIELDS & MAXWELL’S EQUATION

Energy stored in an electric and magnetic fields; Poynting’s theorem; Integral and differential form of Maxwell’s equations in vacuum and in medium; Sinusoidal Waves; Electromagnetic waves, wave equations and their propagation in vacuum, linear dielectric medium and conductors, skin depth; Phasor notation of Maxwell’s equations.

UNIT -II

FIELDS AND RADIATIONS FROM MOVING CHARGE

Vector and Scalar Potential, Gauge transformation, Coulomb Gauge and Lorentz Gauge; Retarded Potential and Lienard-Wiechert Potential; Electric and Magnetic fields due to a uniformly moving point charge and an accelerated charge.

Power radiated by a point charge, Bremsstrahlung, Synchrotron radiation and Cerenkov radiation; Radiation reaction, Reaction Force of Radiation.

UNIT-IIIELECTRODYNAMICS FOR PHOTONICS

Electromagnetic phenomena in materials,Boundary Conditions; Reflection by a perfect dielectric – normal and oblique incidence, Fresnel’s equations, Brewster’s angle; Reflection by a perfect conductor – normal incidence.

Polarization and magnetization of the medium by electromagnetic fields.

Optical scattering from materials using Maxwell's equations with boundary effects. Coherent and Incoherent Scattered Light, Polarization of scattered light. Normal and anomalous dispersion.

UNIT -IV

WAVEGUIDES AND PLASMA PHYSICSDual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

Basics of wave guides, TE, TM & TEM modes in waveguides, TE waves in rectangular wave guide and concept of cut off frequency, concept of co-axial transmission lines.

Plasma as fourth state of matter, Debye Shielding, Plasma Parameter, Plasma Oscillations and plasma frequency expression, Dispersion relation in plasma, Plasma Confinement, applications of Plasma.

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Electrodynamics: David J. Griffiths, (Prentice Hall India, New Delhi).2. Keith W. Whites, EE 382.3. Classical Electrodynamics: J.D. Jackson, (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).4. Classical Electromagnetic Radiation: J.B. Marion and M.A. Heald, (Academic

Press, San Diego).5. Plasma Physics by Bittencourt6. Introduction to Plasma Physics by F. F. Chen7. Electromagnetic Waves by Jordan & Balme8. Classical Electrodynamics: S.P. Puri, (Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi).



DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS Dual Degree B.Sc. (Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics


ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY



Course Objectives: In this course, students will learn important fundamental concepts of atomic and molecular physics. After studying this course the students will be able to understand the theory of laser, electronic band spectroscopy, NMR and ESR resonance spectroscopy. The students will get information about different types of different spectroscopy techniques and their application to know about the information about atomic and molecular structure. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual /numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I ELECTRONIC BAND SPECTRA

Salient features of electronic band spectra, Born Oppenheimer approximation, formation of electronic spectrum, Vibrational coarse structure of electronic bands, progression and sequences, Rotational fine structure of electronic bands, The Fortrat parabola.Intensity of electronic bands: Franck Condon principle, quantum mechanical treatment of Franck Condon principle, Explanation of intensity distribution in absorption bands from Franck-


Condon principle, Explanation of intensity distribution in emission bands: Condon Parabola, Isotope effect on electronic spectra.

UNIT –IIMOLECULAR ELECTRONIC STATES

Classification of molecular electronic states, selection rule for electronic transition, Symmetry properties of electronic Eigenfunctions, symmetry properties of rotational levels, Nuclear spin and intensity alteration in electronic band structure, Intensity alteration in rotational Raman spectra, Ortho and Para modifications, Isotopic molecule

LASER PHYSICSLaser:Stimulated absorption, Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficient, Optical pumping, Population inversion, Laser rate equation, Optical resonator, Open Resonator, Quality factor, Modes of resonator and coherence length.


UNIT-III

HYPERFINE STRUCTURE OF ATOMIC SPECTRAL LINESHyperfine structure of spectral lines, Isotope effect, Nuclear Spin and Hyperfine splitting, Intensity ratio and determination of nuclear spin, Zeeman Effect in hyperfine structure, Back-Goudsmit effect in hyperfine structure, Width of spectral lines.

FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence, radiative and non-radioactive transition, Jablonski diagram, Characteristics of Fluorescence Emission, Kasha’s rule, Mirror image rule, Fluorescence Lifetimes and Quantum Yields. Time resolved fluorescence and determination of excited state lifetime.

UNIT –IVSPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

Nature of spinning particles, interaction between nuclear spin and magnetic field, Larmor precessionNMR: Basic principle, classical and quantum mechanical description, Bloch equation, relaxation mechanisms, , relaxation time, chemical shifts and coupling constant, Experimental study of NMR, single and double coil method, High resolution methodESR: Basic principles, ESR spectrometer, nuclear interaction and hyperfine structure, relaxation effects, g-factor, Characteristics, free radical studies and biological applications

TEXT AND REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Atomic spectra: H.E. White (McGraw Hill Education)2. Fundamental of Molecular spectroscopy: C.N. Banwell & E. M. Mcash (McGraw Hill

Education)3. Atomic spectra & Structure: G. Herzberg (Prentice-Hall)4. Principle of Fluorescence spectroscopy : Lacowicz (Springer)5. Introduction to Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy: V. K. Jain (alpha Science)6. Laser- Theory and Application: K. Thyagrajan and A. K. Ghatak (Springer)


7. Theory & Interpretation of Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Ralph S Beck (Wiley Interscience)

8. Physics of Atoms and Molecule: Bransden and Joachain9. Molecular spectroscopy: J. M. Brown (Oxford University Press)10. Introduction to Molecular spectroscopy : G. M. Barrow (McGraw Hill Education)11. Spectra of Atoms and Molecules: P.F. Bemath (Oxford University Press)





RENEWABLE ENERGY





Course Objective: This course has been so framed that the students are first exposed to different alternative sources of energy. Further they can learn about some of the sources in detail.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA AND SOLAR ENERGY

Energy Scenario: Classification of Energy Sources, Energy resources (Conventional and non-conventional), Energy needs of India, and energy consumption patterns. Worldwide Potentials of these sources. Energy efficiency and energy security. Energy and its environmental impacts, Distributed generation.Solar Energy: Solar thermal Systems: Types of collectors, Collection systems, efficiency calculations, applications.Photo voltaic (PV) technology: Present status, solar cells, cell technologies, characteristics of PV systems, equivalent circuit, array design, building integrated PV system, its components, sizing and economics. Peak power operation. Standalone and grid interactive systems.

UNIT-IIWIND ENERGY

Wind Energy: Wind speed and power relation, power extracted from wind, wind distribution and wind speed predictions. Wind power systems: system components, Types of Turbine, Turbine rating. Choice of generators, turbine rating, electrical load matching, Variable speed operation, maximum power operation, control systems, system design features.

UNIT-IIIHYDROGEN ENERGY

Relevance in relation to depletion of fossil fuels and environmental considerations, Solar Hydrogen through Photo electrolysis, Physics of material characterization for production of solar Hydrogen, Brief discussion of various storage processes, Special features of solid Hydrogen storage materials, Structural and electronic characteristics of storage materials, Hydrogen for Electricity generation, Fuel Cells, Hydride batteries


UNIT-IVOCEAN ENERGY AND ENERGY STORAGE

Energy from wave, TAPCHAN system, OWC System, OWC breaker powered generator, Tidal power plant, Harnessing high and low tide stream, Further possibilities from Oceans (Thermal gradients, Ocean Currents, Salinity Gradient, Water evaporation)Need of Energy storage, Different modes of energy storage, Technology Types–Mechanical energy storage: flywheels, compressed air, and pumped hydro; Electrical andMagnetic Energy storage: Batteries, Capacitors, electromagnets, Chemical energy storage.

TEXT and REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Renewable Energy-Technology, Economics and Environment: Martin Kaltschmitt,

Wolfgang Streicher, Andreas Wiese (Springer)2. Solar Energy-Sukhatme and Nayak (McGraw Hill)3. Renewable Energy Sources Tasneem and S.A. Abbasi (PHI)4. Renewable energy resources-John Twidell and Tony weir (Taylor and Francis) 5. Energy storage-Mullick and Garg (Springer)






NANO MATERIALS AND DEVICES





Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with the various aspects related to preparation, characterization and study of different properties of the nanomaterials so that they can pursue this emerging research field as a career. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IPHYSICAL CONCEPT OF NANOMATERIALS

Concept of nanotechnology and nano-materials, Nanoscale architecture, Effect of nano-scale dimensions on structural, thermal, chemical, electrical, mechanical & magnetic properties. Surface tension of solid surfaces, Quantum confinement & energy levels (in circular and spherical potential wells), Band structure, Density of states in 0D, 1D, 2D & 3D materials, Quantum dots, wires, & wells. Superlattices, Quantum Corral, 2D electron gas, Heterostructures & Effective mass in Heterostructures. Crystallization and supramolecular interactions. Nucleation, Chemical reactivity,

UNIT-IISYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES

Brief description of various fabrication methods of nano-materials. Top down tech: Ball milling, optical & electron beam Lithography, Dip pen lithography, Melt Mixing. Bottom up: PVD-vapour phase expansion, direct gas phase condensation (Formation of Clusters and Nanoparticles from a Supersaturated Vapours), Ion beam technique, molecular beam epitaxy (Thin film deposition), Chemical bath deposition, capping techniques, sputtering, thermal evaporation, and laser methods, Electro-Deposition and Sol- Gel techniques (Synthesis of Oxides)

UNIT-IIIMICROSCOPIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUE

Structural & surface Characterization- XRD, SAXS, Microscopy techniques - Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Surface Probe microscopy- Scanning Tunnelling Probe microscopes (STM), fluorescence microscopy (FM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Spectroscopy techniques – AES, XPS, SIMS, UV-Visible


Spectroscopy, Ellipsometry, Surface plasmon resonance techniques, Zeta Potential. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)

UNIT-IV

ADVANCED NANOMATERIALS, DEVICES AND SENSORS

carbon nanotubes (Single and Multi Walls), Synthesis, Structure, and Properties Fullerene, Graphene, CNT based Metal matrix composites, Carbon Nanotube based logic gates. Semiconductor Nanoparticles, Nano wires- porous Silicon, nano-belts, nano-ribbons, nano-springs. Resonant Tunnelling Devices (RTDs), Single electron effects devices, Nano transistor, Spin dependent transistors, Photonic devices, energy conversion device, magnetic sensors, Chemical sensors, ,bio-sensors, Night Vision System,

TEXT AND REFERENCES BOOKS:1.Nanoscale Science and Technology, R.W. Kelsall, I.W. Hamley, John Wiley &Sons 2. Nanostructures and Nanomaterials - Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Cao,Guozhong3. Physics of semiconductor Nanostructures, K.P. Jain, Narosa 19974. Introduction of Nanotechnology, Poole and Owners, John Wiley &Sons5. Nanoscience & Technology: Novel structure and phenomenons, Ping Sheng 6. Nano Engineering in Science & Tech. An introduction to the world of nano design, Michael Rieth 7. Nano-materials Synthesis, Properties and Applications, A S Edelstein, IOPPublishing Ltd.8. Sensors: Micro & Nano-sensors, Sensor Market trends (Part 1&2), H. Meixner 9. Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology, Bharat Bhusan 10. Handbook of Semiconductor Nanostructures, A. A.Balandin11. Nano devices Vol. 1-5, K. L. Wang.12. Nanotechnology: Principles and Practices, Sulabha K. Kulkarni, Capital Pub.Company New Delhi


DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYMURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039


Semester-X(Effective from Session 2021-2022)

THIN FILM TECHNOLOGIES

Paper No.: DPH510 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objective: The course has been designed to familiarize the students with advanced matter physics at elementary stage. There will exposure to the structure of materials in direct and phase space. The experimental methods for the determination of thin film structure will be discussed. Also one will be able to know the applications of thin films. Subsequently the thin films, market prospectus will be studies.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT I

PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION TECHNIQUESIntroduction to physical vapor deposition techniques; Vacuum deposition, Hertz Knudsen equation; mass evaporation rate; Knudsen cell, Raoult's law, Vacuum Deposition Configurations, Process Monitoring and Control, Contamination from the Processing, Advantages and Disadvantages of Vacuum Deposition, Some Applications of Vacuum Deposition, vacuum pumping, Mechanical Pumps, Oil-Sealed Mechanical Pumps, Momentum Transfer Pumps, Capture Pumps, Sorption (Adsorption) Pumps, Cryopanels, Cryopumps, Getter Pumps, Hybrid Pumps.

UNIT II

CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION TECHNIQUESIntroduction to chemical vapor deposition techniques; Important reaction zones in CVD, Classification of CVD Reactions, Thermodynamics of CVD, Adhesion, Substrate Cleaning Procedures, The CVD system, Advantages of CVD, Applications of CVD, Thermal CVD, Hot-Wall Reactors, Cold-Wall Reactors, Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Reactors, Laser CVD, plasma CVD; Principles of Plasma Deposition, Types of Plasma, Glow-Discharge (Microwave) Plasma, Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR), RF Plasma, Arc Plasma, Characteristics of Plasma CVD, Advantages of Plasma CVD, Limitations of Plasma CVD, Materials Deposited by Plasma CVD.


UNIT IIISPUTTERING TECHNIQUES

Introduction to sputtering;, Energy Dependence of Sputtering, Energy and Direction of Sputtered Atoms, deposition rates and efficiencies, DC Sputtering, RF Sputtering, Magnetron Sputtering, reactive sputter deposition, Ion plating, Plasma based ion plating, Vacuum-based ion plating, Stages of ion plating, Sources of depositing and reacting species, Sources of energetic bombarding species, Some plasma-based ion plating configurations, Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD), Process monitoring and control, Contamination in the ion plating process, Advantages and disadvantages of ion plating, Some applications of ion plating.

UNIT IV

THIN FILM APPLICATIONS

Spray Pyrolysis, Low-pressure spray pyrolysis (LPSP), Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), Electrochemical deposition, Electrodeposition, Sol-Gel Method, Sol-Gel Coating Processes, Theory and principle of dip-coating, Theory and principle of Spin-coating, Theory and principle of Langmuir Blodgett (L-B) Method, Capillarity theory of heterogeneous nucleation, Atomistic models of the nucleation rate, Stages of thin film growth, Condensation and nucleation, Growth of nuclei, Interface formation, Film growth, Post deposition processing and changes, Theory, principle and applications of thin film for device formations.

TEXT & REFERENCE BOOKS:

1 The Materials Science of Thin Films - Milton Ohring, Academic Press Sanden, 1992.2 Thin Film Phenomena - Kasturi L. Chopra, Mc Graw Hill (NewYork), 1969.3 Thin – Film Deposition properities; Principles and practices - Denald L. Smith, McGraw

Hill, Inc. 1995.4 Thin Film Materials Technology, Shurtting of Compound Materials - Kigotaka wasa,

Mokota Kitabatke and Hineaki Adadi, Elecwier Science and Technolgy Book, 2004.5 Hand book of Physical Vapor Deposition Processions - Renald M. Matten Norses Pub.,

1998.6 Physical Vapor Deposition of Thin Film - John E. Mohan, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.7 Principles of Chemical Vapor Deposition - D. M. Dolokin, M.K. Zwrow, Kluwer

Academic Publisher,Natterlande, 2003.8 Chemical Vapor Deposition - Pradeep George, VDM Verles Dr. Mueller E.K., 2007





Semester-X(Effective from Session2021-2022)

SMART MATERIALSPaper No. DPH512 Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objective: The course introduces the students to various novel and smart materials used in Electronics like semiconductors, nanomaterials and magnetic materials. Further concept of Integrated circuit, fabrication of I.C. and its application is also being taught in order to understand the application of the materials. This course will help the students understand the electronic materials used in research.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks

UNIT -IPHYSICAL MECHANISM IN ELECTRONIC MATERIALS

Crystal Structures of Electronic materials (Elemental, III-IV and VI semiconductors), Energy band consideration in solids in relation to semiconductors, Direct and Indirect bands in Semiconductor, Electron/Hole concentration and Fermi energy in Intrinsic/Extrinsic semiconductor, continuity equation, Carrier mobility in Semiconductors, Carrier Trapping and recombination/generation in semiconductors, Shockley theory of recombination, Defect related electronics states characterization by C-V characteristics of electronic junction devices : Schottky diode, MOS.

UNIT -IIINTEGRATED CIRCUIT FABRICATION

Introduction to IC technology, Types of IC, Basic monolithic integrated circuit, Fabrication of IC, epitaxial growth, Photolithiography, diffusion of impurities, Fabrication of monolithic IC s, Fabrication of diode, resistor, capacitor etc, advantages of IC s, Applications of IC and Clean Room Specification.

UNIT –III NANOMATERIALS

Introduction to Nanomaterial, Growth of nano-structures: Bottom up and top down approach, Zero dimensional Nanostructure, 1-D Nanostructure, 2-D Nanostructure, Special


Nanomaterials, Techniques for synthesis of nano-particles and thin films, Characterization and Properties of Nanomaterials, Applications of nano-materials.


UNIT -IVENGINEERING MAGNETIC MATERIALS

Introduction to magnetic material, Hard and soft Magnetic materials, ferrites, Types of Ferrites, Rare earth compounds and bonded magnets. Materials for antenna, inductor and transformer cores. Magnetic recording fundamentals. Particulate and thin film recording media. Recording heads: ferrite heads, metal in gap heads, thin film heads and magnetoresistive heads. Fundamentals opto magneto recording. Magneto optic recording media and heads. Introduction to magnetic bubbles.

TEXT AND REFERENCES BOOKS:1. Physics of Semiconductor Devices : S.M. Sze, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.2. Semiconductor Devices Basic Principles : Jaspreet Singh, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.3. Metal/Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junction and their Applications : B.L. Sharma.4. Linear Integrated Circuits : D. Roy Choudhury and Shail B. Jain, New Age Int. Pub5. Nanostructures & Nano materials-Synthesis,Properties& Applications, G. Cao, Imperical College Press.6. Integrated Electronics : Millman and Halkias (Tata McGraw Hill) 1991.7. Introduction to Nanotechnology C.P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. 8. Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices S.K. Kulkarni, Capital Publishing Company 9. Introduction to Nanoscience and Technology K.K. Chattopadhyay and A. N. Banerjee, PHI .10. Nanoscale Science and Technology, Robert W. Kelsall, Ian W. Hamley, John Wiley & Sons.





ADVANCED MICROPROCESSOR AND INTERFACING



Course Objectives: To expose the students to the working and programming of Microprocessors, Microcontrollers and peripheral interfaces and to equip them with skills needed to apply these concepts for problem solving.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT - IMICROPROCESSOR 8086

Architecture ofmicroprocessor 8086, Pin description for minimum and maximum modes, internal operation, addressing modes, memory interfacing examples based on addressing scheme, Instruction format for constructing machine language codes. Instruction set and directives, Stacks, Procedures, Macros and interrupts. I/O interfacing and data transfer scheme. Programming example.

UNIT – IIPROGRAMMABLE INTERFACE ICS

ADC 0808, DAC0808, Programmable Interval Timer 8253: Block diagram, Control Word Format, Interfacing and programming of 8253 ; Programmable interrupt controller 8259: Block diagram, Interfacing 8259 with 8085, initialization command words, operation command words, interrupt modes of 8259 ; Programmable keyboard and display interface 8279: Block diagram, functional


description, Scanned keyboard- Two key lockout & N key rollover, Display modes, Interfacing of 8279 with 8085.

UNIT - IIIADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS

Programmable peripheral interface 8255: block diagram, pin description, operational modes, control word format, programming in mode 0, programming in mode 1, programming in mode2, BSR Mode, Architecture, memory addressing and accessing schemes of 80286, Architecture, memory addressing and accessing schemes of 80386, Architecture, memory addressing and accessing schemes of 80486.

UNIT - IVAPPLICATIONS OF MICROPROCESSORS

Microprocessor based automatic school bell system, Microprocessor based traffic light, Microprocessor based stepper motor control, Microprocessor based washing machine controller, Microprocessor based water level controller, Microprocessor based temperature controller.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Fundamentals of Microprocessor and Microcomputer : B. Ram. 2. Microprocessor System the 8086/8088 Family : Liu and Gibson. 3. Microprocessor Architecture Programming and Application : R.S. Goanker. 4. Introduction to microprocessor : A.P. Mathur.







PHOTONIC DEVICES AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS




Course Objective: Photonic Devices have emerged as the key technology for optical communications, environmental sensing, biomedical diagnostics in the life sciences, energy efficient lighting and solar energy harvesting. Upon completion of this course, students should understand the functioning and design of most photonic devices in use.


Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the end semester examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT IPHOTONIC DEVICES

Guide Wave Integrated Optic Devices: Planar and channel waveguides, Waveguide platforms on various materials and their fabrication techniques. Waveguide directional couplers, tapered waveguides and Y-junction splitters/combiners, Ring resonators, Mach-Zehnder interferometers/modulators. Coupling in and out of Photonic Integrated Circuits: Optical mode converters, prism and grating couplers. Wavelength-division multiplexing components: Mulitplexers, Demultiplexers, Multimode interferometers, Arrayed waveguide gratings. Fiber Optic Devices: Splitters and combiners in optical fibers, fiber directional couplers as WDM component. Coupled mode analysis optical fiber Bragg and long period gratings, applications of fiber gratings as WDM components in add-drop multiplexers/circulators and fiber sensors.

UNIT IISILICON & COMPUTATIONAL PHOTONICS

Silicon Photonics: Motivation towards silicon photonics, Silicon on Insulator (SOI) waveguides or nanowires. Optical fiber to silicon waveguide: edge, grating, evanescent coupling, spot-size converters. III-V integration with silicon photonics. Photonic modulators: electro-optical and thermo-optical effects. Phase and amplitude modulators. Thermal phase shifter, thermo-optic switch.Franz-Keldysh effect and FK electro-optical modulators. Computational Photonics: Concepts of eigen modes approach, finite difference and finite element methods, finite difference time domain(FDTD) methods and beam propagation methods. Identification of method that is amenable to a specific class of photonic structures, and the method that should be avoided.

UNIT IIISOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS

Solar cell materials and their properties. Solar cell research: technology (silicon, organic, Dye sensitized, peroviakites), applications and limitations.Characterization and analysis: ideal cell under illumination- solar cell parameters, optical losses; electrical losses, surface recombination velocity, quantum efficiency - measurements of solar cell parameters; I-V curve & L-I-V characteristics, internal quantum yield measurements – effects of series and parallel resistance Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

and temperature - loss analysis. Solar photovoltaic(PV) modules from solar cells, series and parallel connections, design and structure of PV modules.

UNIT IVOPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION

Optical fiber as a communication link,Transmitters and receivers, interaction of light with semiconductor materials: absorption and electroluminescence. Semiconductor light sources (Light emitting diodes and laser diodes) and photodetectors (PIN photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes).Optical Link Design: System Considerations, Photoreceiver noise, Bit error rates for attenuation and dispersion limited systems, Link Power Budget, Rise-Time Budget, Line Coding. Optical Networking and Switching: General Network Concepts, SONET/SDH, Optical Ethernet, Network Management, WDM light wave systems and WDM components.


1. A. K. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Optical Electronics, Cambridge University, 1989. 2. Optical Electronics in Modern Communications by A. Yariv, Oxford, 5th Edition, 19973. B.E.A. Saleh and M.C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, John Wiley and Sons, 2007. 4. J.M. Senior, Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice, Pearson Edu. India, 2010. 5. Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communication, McGraw Hill Education, 2017.





Nuclear models & applications Paper No.: DPH518 Credits: 0404 Hrs/week Max. Marks: 75+25Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.

Course Objectives: To introduce the students about nuclear properties, shell structure, coupling, nuclear models and applications.


UNIT-INUCLEAR FISSION AND STATISTICAL MODEL

Semi-empirical mass formula, Potential energy, Kinetic energy, Coulomb energy, Pairing energy, Shell effect. Nuclear fission, Spontaneous nuclear fission, Bohr and Wheeler theory of nuclear fission. Quantum treatment of nuclear fission or Barrier Penetration for fission. Statistical model of nuclear fission. Concept of photofission.

UNIT-IINUCLEAR SHELL MODEL-I

Evidence for nuclear shell structure, Concept of magic numbers, Properties of magic nucleus, Three-dimensional central Schrodinger equation, The square-well potential: the energy eigenvalue problem for bound states, The harmonic oscillator potential.

UNIT-IIINUCLEAR SHELL MODEL-II & APPLICATIONS

Need of introducing spin-orbit coupling to reproduce the magic numbers, Extreme single particle shell model.


Applications of shell model regarding predictions of ground state spin parity, magnetic moment and electric quadrupole moments, Schmidt lines, Nordheim’s rule for total angular momenta, Single particle model, Configuration mixing. Individual (independent) particle model.


UNIT-IVCOLLECTIVE MODEL

Qualitative feature of collective model, Rotational mode, Rotational energy spectra and the nuclear wave function for even-even and odd-A nuclei. Vibrational mode, Potential energy and total Hamiltonian in vibration mode. Text and Reference Books:

1. Theory of Nuclear Structure by M. K. Pal2. Nuclear Physics: Theory and Experiment by R R Roy and B P Nigam (New Age Int.)3. Nuclear Physics Experimental and Theoretical by H S Hans (New Age Int.).4. Basic ideas and concepts in Nuclear Physics by K Heyde (Second Edition Overseas

Press) 5. Nuclear Structure Vol. 1& 2 by Aage Bohr and Ben R Mottelson (world Scientific)6. Nuclear shell theory by Amos de- Shalit and Igal Talmi (New York Academic press)




Semester-XNUCLEAR PHYSICS SPL-IV

(NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION)




Course Objectives: To introduce the students about various accelerators and radiation applications and protection.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I

PARTICLE ACCELERATORS-I

Classification and performance characteristic of accelerators, ion sources Radiofrequency Accelerators : Linear accelerators - Resonance acceleration and phase stability, electron and proton Linacs. Circular accelerators- Cyclotron, Frequency Modulated Synchrocyclotron, limitation of the fixed frequency cyclotron, AVF Cyclotron, Alternating-gradient accelerators, betatron, microtron.

UNIT-II

PARTICLE ACCELERATORS-II

Electrostatic and Heavy Ion Accelerators : Van de Graaff voltage generator, Cockcroft-Walton voltage generator, insulating column, voltage measurement, Acceleration of heavy ions, Tandem electrostatic accelerator, Production of heavy negative ions, Pelletron and Tandetron, Cluster beams, Superconducting Heavy Ion Linear Accelerators. Storage ringe, Accelerators in IndiaDual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.


UNIT-III

NUCLEAR PROPERTIES DETERMINATION TECHNIQUES

Mass measurement, ion optics, Dempster’s semi circular focusing spectrometer, Bainbridge’s mass spectrograph, double focusing mass spectroscope, measurement of nuclear spin and magnetic moment, magnetic resonance absorption method of measuring nuclear magnetic moment, electron paramagnetic resonance, atomic beam method of nuclear magnetic moment determination , determination of electric quadrupole moments of nuclei.Time of flight technique (TOF), Recoil distance measurement and concept of pulse shape discrimination. Data acquisition system(DAS), Importance of coincidence techniques.

UNIT-IV

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION, USES & SAFETY

Biological effects of radiation: Introduction, initial interactions, direct and indirect physical damage, indirect chemical damage, dose, dose rate and dose distribution and relative biological effectiveness. equivalent dose, Effective Dose, Typical doses from sources (Natural, Environmental & Medical exposures), Radiation shielding and its safety (Gamma-rays, electrons, positrons, charged particles, Neutrons), sterilization, food preservation.brief introduction of radiation therapy, Single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and Positron emission tomography(PET).

Reference Books:

1. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments by W R Leo (Springer-Verlag)

2. Nuclear Radiation Detection, Measurements and Analysis by K Muraleedhara Varier (Narosa)

3. Particle Accelerator Physics, Vol I and II, H.J. Wiedman, Springer Verlag (1998)4. Particle Accelerators, M.S. Livingston and J.P. Blewel, McGraw-Hill Book Press.5. Nuclear Spectroscopy and Reactions Part-A, Ed. J. Cerny, Academic Press, 1974.6. Theory of Resonance Linear Accelerators by I.M. Kapchenkey, Harwood, Academic

Publishers.7. Nuclear physics: Principles and applications by John Lilley (Wiley-India)





NUCLEAR PHYSICS SPL-IV(NUCLEAR ENERGY GENERATION)

Paper No.DPH 522 Credits: 04



Course Objectives: To expose the students to basic aspects of nuclear energy generation and related technologies.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.


UNIT-INUCLEAR FISSION REACTOR

General Properties of Nuclei (Binding Energy, Statistics, Mass Formula, etc.), Basic types of reactors, components of Nuclear Reactor, Moderation, Criticality, breeding, Light Water Reactor Power Plant, Gas cooled reactors, Fast Breeder Reactor and its scope in power generation, Nuclear Reactor Core Design, Fuel Burn up, Introduction of reactors available in India.

UNIT-II NUCLEAR FUSION REACTOR

Nuclear fusion and its prospects, Fusion power generation,Fusion Reactions, concept of cross section,fusion fuel and fusion reactivity, physical conditions required to achieve net fusion, plasma physics of magnetic confinement, Basic design of fusion reactor, Tokamak physics, Tritium Breading for Fusion Reactors, Neutron Physics of Fusion Reaction, Radioactive Disintegration and Transmutation, Heat Generation and Its Transport Systems

UNIT-III NUCLEAR MATERIAL &PLASMA

Nuclear fuel, requirement of fuel materials, plutonium, uranium and thorium and their alloys and basic idea about their enrichment methods,characteristics of fission materials: Density, Melting point, Electrical and thermal conductivity, Fission cross section, Coolants: Cladding materials- Moderators-Heat exchanger-Arrestor.Fission rate,Basic introduction of Plasma,Plasma Properties, Plasma Generation,Plasma Applications,Governing Equations of Plasmas, Magnetohydrodynamics, Characteristics of Plasma, Plasma Diagnostics,


UNIT-IVNUCLEAR WASTE AND REACTOR SAFETY

Basic introduction of nuclear waste, Effects of Nuclear Radiation,Unit of Nuclear Radiation, Types of Nuclear Waste, LIL, HLW, Radioactive Waste Disposal System, Gas Disposal System, reactor safety, Stability Criteria, Catalyst Loading and Preparations, General Emergency Guideline, and basic regulations of atomic energy regulatory board, India.

Reference Books:

1. Nuclear Energy: an introduction to the concepts, systems and application of nuclear proceses, by RL Murray and K E Holbert, 8thed Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2020

2. Nuclear Physics: Principle and Application by John Lilley (Wiley Pub.).3. Nuclear Physics, Dr S N Ghoshal (S Chand)4. Introduction to Nuclear Engineering by John r. Lamarsh, Pearson Education

India5. El-Wakil, M. M. Nuclear Energy Conversion. Scranton, PA: Intext Educational

Publishers,






SPECTROSCOPY SPL-IV(Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques)



Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with theory, concepts and application of various advanced spectroscopic techniques.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – IUV-Vis & Vibrational Spectroscopy

Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy: electronic transitions, radiative processes, energy diagram, internal conversion, conical intersection, Frank Condon principle, Kasha’s rule, structure determination and solvent effect, and Fluorescence spectroscopy, Stokes Shift, fluorescence experiments, quenching, lifetime and quantum yield, fluorescence anisotropy, infrared Spectroscopy: Steady-state and time-resolved Infrared spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy: Standard Raman Spectroscopy vs Resonance-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

UNIT – IINMR & NQR Spectroscopy

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Chemical shift, Mechanism of electron shielding and factors contributing to the magnitude of chemical shift, Nuclear overhausser effect, Double resonance, Chemical exchange, Lanthanide


shift reagents and NMR spectra of paramagnetic ions. Contact shifts. Factors contributing to the magnitude of chemical shift. Experimental technique (CW and FT).Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy: Basic concepts of NQR (Nuclear electric quadrupole moment, Electric field gradient, Energy levels and NQR frequencies), Effect of magnetic field on spectra, Factors affecting the resonance signal (Line shape, position of resonance signal) Relationship between electric field gradient and molecular structure.

UNIT – IIIAuger Electron Spectroscopy

Introduction to basic principles of Auger Electron Spectroscopy(AES), Auger notations, Auger transitions, Kinetic Energies of Auger Electrons, Instrumentation: Electron Optical Column, Ion Optical Column, Electron Energy Analyzers, Electron Detector & Computer Control, Experimental procedures including sample preparation, Auger Spectra: Direct & Derivative forms, Applications of Auger Spectroscopy: Qualitative & Quantitative Analysis, Chemical information, Auger Depth Profiling, Auger Images and Linescans, Elementary idea of Positron-Annihilation-Induced AES & Auger Photoelectron Coincidence Spectroscopy

UNIT – IVTime-Domain and Ultrafast Terahertz Spectroscopy

THz Generation and Detection, Generation of Coherent THz Pulses, Electro-Optic Sampling, Photoconductive Antennas and Other Schemes, THz Time-Domain Spectroscopy, Experimental Setup, Optical Pump-THz Probe Spectroscopy, Experimental Considerations, Dynamics of Photoexcited e-h Pairs: Intra-Excitonic Spectroscopy

Text and Reference Books:

1. Fundamental of Molecular spectroscopy by C.N.Banwell &E.M.Mcash , McGraw Hill Ed.2. Principle of Fluorescence spectroscopy by Lacowicz, Springer3. Terahertz Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications Ed. by Susan L. Dexheimer4. Handbook of Applied Solid-State Spectroscopy Ed. by D.R. Vij.5. Photoelectron and Auger Spectroscopy by Thomas A. Carlson.






SPECTROSCOPY SPL-V(Optical Communications)



Course Objectives: To introduce the idea of light propagation through optical waveguide, different optical sources, various types of detectors & noise associated with detectors and finally the concept of the design of optical communication systems.Note:The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I

Optical Sources & Detectors


General description, Laser structure, Excitation mechanism of the semiconductor laser diode and light emitting diode, Radiative recombination in semiconductor materials, Semiconductor density of states, Occupation probability, Optical absorption and Gain, Heterostructure laser, Quantum well lasers, Modulation rates in semiconductor lasers. Noise in Optical detectors: Signal to noise ratio for optical power and signal currents, Background radiation, Johnson (Thermal noise), Dark current shot noise, 1/f noise, Combined effect of all the noise sources.

UNIT - IITransmission Medium-Fiber Optics

Principle of fiber optics: Ray optics and wave propagation in infinite slab waveguide, Electromagnetic analysis of the planar waveguide, The longitudinal wave-vector, Fiber types: step index and graded index fiber structures, Wave Equations for Step index Fiber, Optical modes and their properties, Number of guided modes in a waveguide, Mode field diameter, Numerical Aperture and propagation modes.

UNIT – IIIDispersion in waveguides

Material dispersion, Modal Dispersion, and waveguide Dispersion and their simultaneous effects. The ray picture of Propagation in a graded Index material: The Eikonal equation, dispersion reduction with a graded index profile and the modal picture, WKB approximation of graded index fiber, Wave equations for Step index circular waveguides, Spatial Modes in Step-index waveguides: TE/TM modes, Hybrid modes and Linearly Polarized modes, Power flow in Step-index fibers.

UNIT - IVAttenuation and Nonlinear Effects in Waveguides

Optical fiber Attenuation as a function of wavelength, Intrinsic absorption losses, Mechanical losses, Nonlinear effects in dielectrics, Stimulated Raman Scattering, Stimulated Brillouin scattering, Self-Phase modulation and Optical solitons, The Optical -Fiber laser, Source to fiber power launching: Source outputs pattern, Power coupling calculation, Equilibrium numerical aperture, Lensing scheme for coupling improvement: Non-imaging microsphere. Design issues in a fiber optics communication Link: Power budget, Time budget, Optical repeaters and amplifiers.


1. Fundamentals of Opto-electronics by C.R.Pollock, Irwin , 1995.Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

2. Optical Fiber Communication by G.Keiser, 2nd ed. McGRaw Hill3. Optical communication, M. Mukunda Rao, Universities Press, 2000.4. Optical Communication, Components & Systems, J.H. Franz & V.k. jain, Narosa, 20015. Optical Communication System, W.K.Pratt, 1968.6. Optical Electronics, by Ghatak and Thyagarajan, Cambridge7. Essentials of Optoelectronics, Alan Rogers, Chapman & Hall, 1997.





(Effective from Session 2021-2022)SPECTROSCOPY SPL-VI

(Quantum Optics & Spintronics)



Course Objectives: To familiarize the students with the basic concepts of quantum optics and optical coherence and provide an introductory knowledge of spintronics.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for the semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – IQuantum theory of radiation

Quantization of free em fields, fockstates, variance in electric field, lambshift, quantum beats, coherent and squeezed states of lights, two photon coherent states,variance in electric field, multimode squeezed states, Phase Properties of the Field, quantum distribution theory and partially coherent radiation. Introductory ideas on EPR paradox, Bells inequality, QND measurements and two photon interferometry.

UNIT - IIOptical coherence and quantum optics

Field-Correlation Functions, Properties of the Correlation Functions, Correlation Functions and Optical Coherence, Photon Correlation Measurements, First and second-order coherence, HBT effect, photon bunching and antibunching, Poissonian and sub-poissonian light, photon counting Dual Degree M.Sc. Physics (Hons.) 7th semester to 10th semester: Approved in 15th meeting of Academic Council held on 14.08.2020. applicable to all students admitted in 2020-21 & onwards and trailing students.

and photon statistics, Atom- field interaction: semi classical theory and quantum theory, coherent trapping, electromagnetically induced transparency and lasing without inversion.


UNIT – IIIQuantum Theory of Damping & Quantum Information

Density operator method and langevin approach, quantum theory of laser, squeezing of light in nonlinear optical process, Atom optics: mechanical effects of light, atomic interferometry, quantum noise in an atomic interferometer, limits to laser cooling, The Qubit, Entanglement, Quantum Key Distribution, Quantum Teleportation , Quantum Computation: Linear Optical Quantum Gates, Single Photon Sources.

UNIT - IVFundamentals of Spintronics

Historical view, Quantum Mechanics of spins, Bloch Sphere, Spin-orbit interaction, exchange interaction. Spin relaxation; spin transfer torque, Spin current, Spin injection, spin accumulation, Henley effect, Spin Hall effect, theory of magneto-optic phenomena, The Faraday effect, Magneto-optic Kerr effect, Applications of magneto-optic Kerr effect.


1. Elements of quantum optics by Meytre-Sergent.2. Quantum optics by M.O.Scully and M.S. Zubairy3. Optical coherence and quantum optics by Mandel and Wolf.4. Quantum optics by G. S Agarwal.5. Quantum Optics by C. Gerry and P.L Knight.6. Introduction to Spintronics, Supriyo Bandyopadhyay and Marc Cahay, CRC press, 2008.



DEEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYMURTHAL (SONIPAT), HARYANA, 131039



CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS LAB-II




Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in condensed matter physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.

Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each semester.


2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing shortanswer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1. Small Angle X-Ray Diffraction – powder diffraction analysis2. Synthesis and characterization of nano-TiO2 /ZnO for photocatalytic applications3. The application of UV-Visible Spectroscopy to Oxides/polymeric materials4. To measure thermal behavior of nanoparticles by DTA5. To measure thermal behavior of Metal oxide Nanocomposites by TGA6. To measure thermal behavior of phase change materials by DSC7. AC impedance analysis of porous silica8. DC Resistivity analysis of porous materials9. To measure the surface area of porous materials by BET technique10. HR-TEM characterization of nanostructured materials for phase analysis11. Fabrication of metal oxide nanocomposites for humidity sensing application by

drop casting method12. To determine the particle size of materials by particle size analyzer.

13. Measurement of lattice parameter and indexing of powder photograph.

14. Study of hysteresis loop of ferroelectric ceramics at different temperature & determination of phase transition.

15. Measurement of Susceptibility of Paramagnetic Solution by Quinck’s tube Method

16. To study the dielectric constant of liquids.

17. To measure the relative humidity of air/ water.

18. To determine the ultrasonic velocity in liquids/solids with a high degree of accuracy.

19. Synthesis of nano-ferrites by hydrothermal method.

20. Synthesis of oxide nanoparticles by sol gel method and band gap determination.


21. Study of crystalline properties of materials using XRD

22. Study and identification of functional group or elements present in a sample using FTIR technique

23. Intensity measurement using UV Spectrum study

24. To determine the lattice constant of oxide Nanomaterials ( Like semiconducting oxide ) using X ray diffraction

25. Study of magnetoresistance effect in metallic , semiconductor and amorphous sample

26. Study of Dielectric constant &curie temperature of ferroelectric ceramics.





Semester-X (Effective from Session2021-2022)

ELECTRONICS LABORATORY-IIPaper No. DPH538 Credits: 0714 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 100+50


Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in condensed matter physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each semester.

2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing short

answer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1.To study the magnetostriction property of the magnetic material.2. To study the Electrical properties of the developed materials as a function of doping

material.3. ToStudy the variation of electrical/dielectric properties of materials as a function of

temperature.4. To study the piezo-electric effect in materials. 5. To determine Hall Voltage, concentration of charge carrier and the type of

semiconductor in the Hall effect experiment 6. Design of a waveform generator using Comparator IC and study its characteristics.


7. D/A converter interfacing & frequency/temperature measurement with microprocessor 8085/8086.


9. A/D converter interfacing and AC/DC voltage/current measurement using microprocessor 8085/8086.

10. PPI 8251 interfacing with microprocessor for serial communication. 11. To setup logic conditions for the input and the output at the data bus port of BBC

microcomputer. 12. To calibrate ADC of the BBC microcomputer. 13. Microprocessor kit: (a) hardware familiarization (b) programming for (i) addition and

subtraction of numbers using direct and indirect addressing modes (ii) Handling of 16 bit numbers (iii) use of CALL and RETURN instructions and block data handling.

14. (a) Selection of port for I & O and generation of different waveforms (b) control of stepper motor.

15. Microcontroller kit: hardware familiarization of C and universal programmer and programming for four digit seven segment multiplexed upcounter upto 9999.

16.Study of DC characteristic of LED and Laser diode using optical fiber17. Eye Pattern measurement using optical fiber.18. Study of modulation & Demodulation of light source by PPM technique. 19. Study of modulation & Demodulation of light source by PWM technique20. Study of fiber optical detector and fiber optical transmitters.





M.Sc. Physics Semester-X

Nuclear Physics Lab-II





COURSE OBJECTIVES: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in nuclear physics, particle physics so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.

Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each semester.2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing shortanswer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

Section: A (Student will perform at least Six experiments from this section)1. To determine the range and energy of alpha particles using spark counter2. To study Compton Scattering experiment.3. To study the Rutherford back scattering experiment.4. To study Poisson and Gaussian distributions using a GM Counter.5. To calibrate a gamma ray spectrometer and to determine the energy of a given gamma ray source.6. To determine the beta ray spectrum of beta source (like Cs-137) and to calculate the binding energy of K-shell electron of given source.7. To study the various modes in a multichannel analyzer and to calculate the energy resolution, energy of gamma ray.8. To find the radial part of wave function of deuteron in its ground state using Runge- Kutta Method. 9. Solve the s-wave Schrodinger equation for the ground state of the hydrogen atom. 10. Simulating of nuclear radioactivity by Monte Carlo technique.


Section: B Virtual lab: (Student will perform at least Two virtual experiments using the online available apps )

1. To study Rutherford scattering using online apps (Google apps or any other apps) 2. To study Compton scattering using online apps (Google apps or any other apps)3. To determine personal annual radiation dose using apps(US environment protection agency website or US NRC web)


NOTE: MORE EXPERIMENTS MAY BE ADDED TIME TO TIME.




SPECTROSCOPY LAB-II



Course Objectives: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in optics and spectroscopy so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle sophisticated equipment and analyze the data.Note: 1. Students are expected to perform at least ten experiment in each

semester.2. There will be a thirty minutes written comprehensive test containing short answer questions for the whole class before the actual laboratory examination. This test will have weightage of twenty five (25) marks, will be jointly set by the teachers involved in the examination and be of general nature.

1.Verification of Hartmann formula for prism spectrogram2. Measurement of optical spectrum of an alkali atom3. Measurement of optical spectrum of alkaline earth atoms4. Measurement of Band positions and determination of vibrational constants of Al2O3 molecule5. Measurement of Band positions and determination of vibrational constants of N2 molecule6. Measurement of Band positions and determination of vibrational constants of CN molecule7. Measurement and analysis of fluorescence spectrum of I2 vapour8. Determination of characteristic parameters of an optical fiber9. Measurement of Raman spectrum of CCl4.10.Study of DC characteristic of LED and Laser diode using optical fiber

11. Eye Pattern measurement using optical fiber.


12. Study of modulation & Demodulation of light source by PPM technique. 13. Study of modulation & Demodulation of light source by PWM technique 14. Study of fiber optical detector and fiber optical transmitters. 15. Eye Pattern measurement using optical fiber. 16. Intensity measurement using UV Spectrum study 17. Study and identification of functional group or elements present in a sample using FTIR

technique18. Study Faraday Effect and Kerr Effect19. Measure the transit time of light through the fibre and determine the velocity of light within the fibre.20. Determine the relative output power of the diode laser as a function of the supply

current.Note: Addition and deletion in the list of experiments may be made from time to time by the department as per the requirement of the Syllabus.




Project Dissertation


16hrs/Weak Max. Marks: (50+100)

Duration of Exam: 01 hour


The aim of the dissertation work in M.Sc. (Physics) 4th semester is to expose the students to preliminaries and methodology of research and as such it may consist of review of some research papers, development of a laboratory experiment, fabrication of a device, working out some problem, participation in some ongoing research activity, analysis of data, etc. The work can be in Experimental Physics or Theoretical Physics in the thrust as well as non-thrust research areas of the department. The students must submit their Dissertation in the department before 30th June.

Internal assessment of the dissertation work will be carried out by a committee constituted by Chairperson of the Department through power presentation given by candidate during the semester. External assessment of the dissertation work will be carried out by an external examiner through presentation given by candidate. This load (equivalent to 02 hours per week/per student) will be counted towards the normal teaching load of the teacher.


Guidelines for dissertation PHY-632 C

1. Dissertation will be evaluated internally by a committee constituted by Chairperson of the department during the semester and externally at the end of semester by the external examiner.

2. Panels will be submitted consisting four external examiners from each specialization. The competent authorities will appoint four external examiners from each discipline. One external examiner for each discipline shall be called in an order of preference from a panel of examiners submitted by the department.

3. The candidate shall be required to submit two soft bound copies of dissertation along with a CD in the department before 30th June and will defend her/his dissertation/project work through presentation before the External examiner.

4. The student will defend her/his dissertation/ through presentation before the examiner and will be awarded marks in percentage. A student who could not score pass marks in the dissertation exam shall have to resubmit her/his Dissertation after making all corrections/improvements & this dissertation shall be evaluated as above. The candidate is required to submit the corrected copy of the Dissertation in hard bound within two weeks after the viva -voce.

5 If the candidate fails to submit her/his dissertation at the end of the IV semester i.e. upto 30th June, After that he/she can submit his dissertation only after submission the continuation fee of the semester as decided by the university.

6. The result of Dissertation shall be declared only after the candidate has passed all the courses. In case a candidate’s Dissertation is rejected or he/she is unable to complete it within the prescribed period for her/his category, s/he may be allowed extension by the chairperson on recommendation of the supervisor, up to the limits prescribed for completion of degree by a candidate.


7. Lay out of dissertation will contains cover page, certificate signed by student and supervisor table contents, introduction, methodology, result and discussion conclusion chapter and references. - The typing shall be done on both sides of the paper (instead of single side printing) - The font size should be 12 with Times Roman Format - The text of the dissertation may be typed in 1.5 (one and a half) space. - The paper to be used should be A-4 size. - The total no. of writing pages should be between 40 to 60 for dissertation.


Documents

· Web view2020/08/14 · Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) SCHEME OF STUDIES & EXAMINATIONS. Dual Degree B.Sc.(Hons)-M.Sc. in Physics (7 to 10-Semester Course) (Effective from