Supplementary material

Table 3. Sampling year and period, region, species, taxonomic group, categorized (use), sample number (n), total length and total weight (mean ± S.D) of Peruvian marine species

Sampling year Sampling period Region Species Taxonomic group Categorized (use) n Total length (cm) Total weight (g)

2016 low-rain North

Argopecten purpuratus scallop

edible

199 5.23 ± 6.28 24.28 ± 9.31

Bursa ventricosa snail 54 5.30 ± 0.47 27.40 ± 8.10

Cymatium sp. snail 18 7.45 ± 0.50 40.44 ± 10.94

Octopus mimus cephalopod 10 9.09 ± 1.66 315.10 ± 97.92

Romaleon setosum crab 26 11.29 ± 1.17 76.07 ± 142.87

Hepatus chilensis crab potentially edible 15 6.22 ± 0.55 50.63 ± 12.37

2016 high-rain North

Argopecten purpuratus scallop

edible

191 5.69 ± 9.27 32.78 ± 15.69

Bursa ventricosa snail 67 5.17 ± 0.51 22.73 ± 4.88

Cymatium sp. snail 31 7.78 ± 1.46 63.99 ± 30.16

Octopus mimus cephalopod 25 9.99 ± 1.76 386.40 ± 181.58

Romaleon setosum crab 4 10.62 ± 0.95 233.25 ± 60.98

Hepatus chilensis crab potentially edible 38 6.17 ± 0.66 51.05 ± 14.52

2017 low-rain North

Argopecten purpuratus scallop

edible

96 5.75 ± 14.12 38.64 ± 29.34

Bursa ventricosa snail 18 5.88 ± 0.45 36.54 ± 12.67

Callinectes arcuatus crab 1 7.00 22.77

Chitonidae sp. chiton 4 1.37 ± 0.17 0.46 ± 0.17

Cymatium sp. snail 7 9.99 ± 1.84 100.71 ± 48.41

Octopus mimus cephalopod 14 10.77 ± 2.16 401.96 ± 261.56

Platixanthus orbigny crab 6 9.08 ± 1.01 156.55 ± 65.81

Platymera gaudichaudii crab 4 11.20 ± 0.24 151.09 ± 20.64

Pteria sterna oyster 6 3.57 ± 0.79 8.97 ± 3.83

Romaleon setosum crab 6 4.74 ± 0.67 20.09 ± 5.74

Sea cucumber sea cucumber 7 3.86 ± 1.44 5.36 ± 7.38

Solenosteira gatesi snail 6 4.98 ± 0.29 13.23 ± 2.52

Thaisella chocolata snail 6 6.32 ± 0.39 46.68 ± 6.16

Cycloxanthops sexdecimdentatus crab

potentially edible

10 3.57 ± 0.76 12.73 ± 6.96

Hepatus chilensis crab 27 6.52 ± 0.94 60.29 ± 22.31

Isognomon sp oyster 6 2.68 ± 0.37 2.06 ± 0.59

Semimytilus algosus mussel 18 5.01 ± 0.54 6.24 ± 2.04

Tegula sp. snail 6 2.02 ± 0.24 8.20 ± 0.93

Triumphis distorta snail 6 6.16 ± 0.35 50.78 ± 10.09

Caulerpa filiformis algae

non-edible

6 .. ..

Eurypanopeus transversus crab 2 9.81 ± 0.39 163.44 ± 8.77

Moreirodromia sarraburei crab 3 2.38 ± 0.15 10.77 ± 2.48

Pilumnoides perlatus crab 12 1.61 ± 0.25 2.11 ± 0.95

Tetrapigus niger sea urchin 7 3.06 ± 0.75 41.11 ± 15.34

2017 low-rain Center

Argopecten purpuratus scallopedible

146 6.62 ± 2.97 55.15 ± 10.32

Thaisella chocolata snail 13 53.74 ± 10.77 36.83 ± 20.28

Romaleon setosum crab 8 99.93 ± 11.39 194.67 ± 63.64

Hepatus chilensis crabpotentially edible

9 73.98 ± 4.98 79.29 ± 16.82

Tegula sp. snail 6 28.46 ± 4.85 9.43 ± 4.732017 high-rain North Argopecten purpuratus scallop edible 79 5.62 ± 12.67 34.33 ± 20.34

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Bursa ventricosa snail 30 4.86 ± 1.16 22.07 ± 12.36

Callinectes arcuatus crab 1 7.34 23.99

Chitonidae sp. chiton 6 1.42 ± 0.14 0.46 ± 0.08

Cymatium sp. snail 16 7.85 ± 1.99 60.06 ± 52.65

Lepadidae sp. barnacle 6 5.26 ± 0.48 2.03 ± 0.42

Malea ringes snail 6 10.69 ± 0.66 166.16 ± 30.19

Octopus mimus cephalopod 11 10.57 ± 2.32 464.62 ± 275.01

Panulirus sp. lobster 6 18.64 ± 0.87 200.45 ± 31.75

Platixanthus orbigny crab 1 8.38 195.28

Pteria sterna oyster 12 3.42 ± 0.83 11.02 ± 9.28

Sea cucumber sea cucumber 6 3.51 ± 0.65 3.86 ± 1.23

Semele corrugata clam 5 4.30 ± 0.89 20.51 ± 12.68

Solenosteira gatesi snail 6 6.00 ± 0.18 25.72 ± 1.09

Tagelus dombeii clam 13 5.79 ± 2.61 15.80 ± 17.82

Thaisella chocolata snail 6 6.03 ± 0.46 35.29 ± 12.37

Chione compta clam

potentially edible

8 3.77 ± 0.77 22.23 ± 13.57

Cycloxanthops sexdecimdentatus crab 13 3.03 ± 0.83 9.10 ± 6.4

Hepatus chilensis crab 3 6.65 ± 0.49 54.93 ± 22.96

Squilla sp. shrimp 9 12.57 ± 1.71 20.59 ± 8.21

Tegula sp. snail 12 1.61 ± 0.69 4.11 ± 3.69

Turritella gonostoma snail 6 10.65 ± 0.89 40.69 ± 9.29

Ulva sp. algae 6 .. ..

Caulerpa filiformis algae

non-edible

6 .. ..

Inachoides lambriformis crab 13 0.98 ± 0.26 0.67 ± 0.54

Nassarius dentifer snail 6 1.30 ± 0.30 0.60 ± 0.39

Tetrapigus niger sea urchin 6 2.85 ± 0.72 20.70 ± 8.25

2017 high-rain Center

Argopecten purpuratus scallop

edible

186 6.15 ± 4.72 42.83 ± 9.82

Thaisella chocolata snail 12 69.55 ± 6.76 77.56 ± 33.45Cymatium sp. snail 6 88.25 ± 7.97 76.71 ± 22.85Chondracanthus chamissoi algae 6 .. ..

Hepatus chilensis crab

potentially edible

10 75.26 ± 4.88 83.6 ± 16.63

Tegula sp. snail 46 23.92 ± 4.03 8.69 ± 2.78Semimytilus algosus mussel 28 54.75 ± 4.49 8.09 ± 1.31

Cycloxanthops sexdecimdentatus crab 7 54.05 ± 5.00 41.02 ± 12.51Codium sp. algae

non-edible6 .. ..

Caulerpa filiformis algae 12 .. ..

2018 high-rain South

Argopecten purpuratus scallop

edible

5 7.39 ± 1.25 99.6 ± 37.73

Bursa ventricosa snail 2 6.98 ± 0.71 54.00 ± 5.66

Cancer porteri crab 21 9.74 ± 0.73 161.53 ± 47.76

Fisurella sp. limpet 4 5.30 ± 1.08 21.25 ± 10.35

Lessonia sp. algae 6 .. ..

Loxechinus albus sea urchin 5 8.10 ± 1.71 215.80 ± 141.95

Macrocystis pyrifera algae 5 .. ..

Octopus mimus cephalopod 1 11.35 499.00

Oliva peruviana snail 10 3.57 ± 0.25 9.60 ± 1.65

Paralichtys adspersus fish 6 29.68 ± 3.70 302.17 ± 102.58

Platymera gaudichaudii crab 1 9.83 111.00

Romaleon setosum crab 19 11.19 ± 1.06 271.74 ± 75.33

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Semele corrugata clam 9 7.33 ± 0.35 114.67 ± 22.36

Tagelus dombeii clam 10 15.49 ± 0.97 57.20 ± 8.95

Thaisella chocolata snail 10 7.89 ± 0.44 108.10 ± 15.12

Xanthochorus cassidiformis snail 4 4.57 ± 0.71 18.25 ± 7.50

Aeneator fontainei snail

potentially edible

10 5.41 ± 0.25 18.70 ± 1.71

Argobuccinum sp. snail 13 4.57 ± 0.32 18.85 ± 5.48

Hepatus chilensis crab 2 7.38 ± 0.94 94.00 ± 45.26

Leukoma antiqua clam 2 5.02 ± 1.20 45.50 ± 37.48

Pleuroncodes monodon lobster 10 3.38 ± 0.45 0.93 ± 0.24

Red algae algae 6 .. ..

Rhodymenia sp. algae 7 .. ..

Tegula sp. snail 17 1.86 ± 0.82 13.37 ± 4.97

Ulva sp. algae 6 .. ..

Albunea lucasia crab

non-edible

10 4.64 ± 0.15 56.40 ± 3.78

Cancer plebejus crab 9 8.43 ± 1.87 89.23 ± 36.38

Pinnaxodes chilensis crab 4 1.46 ± 0.34 4.00 ± 1.42

Tetrapigus niger sea urchin 10 6.52 ± 1.24 80.10 ± 25.90Total length: Molluscans and barnacle – shell length; Crabs – cephalothorax width; Cephalopods - mantle length; Shrimp, lobster, fish and sea cucumber - total length; Sea urchin - Height lengthEdible tissues: scallop, snail, chiton, barnacle, sea cucumber and limpet as muscle; cephalopod as muscle arms; crab as soft tissue; oyster, mussel and sea urchin (T. niger) as soft tissue (incl. viscera), sea urchin (L. albus) as gonads; algae as thallus; lobster and shrimp as muscle tail; clam as muscle+mantle+syphon+foot (with exception of C. compta as only muscle); and small species: I. lambriformis, P. chilensis, Pilumnoides perlatus and P. monodon as toto.

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Table 4. Body weight, height measurement, BMI, seafood frequency consumption and ingestion rates of coastal populations from nearby areas of Sechura and Paracas - Peru

Location Region Gender nWeight

(kg)Height (cm)

BMI (kg/m2) Consumption of seafood at home (g/year) Consumption of seafood outside home (g/year)

scallop snail crab octopus fish scallop snail crab octopus fishSechura(and nearby areas) North male (m) 190 69.0 1.62 24.84 1681.3 195.1 138.0 3200.0 28062.5 1450.0 166.7 129.8 1453.1 3056.3

female (f) 192 62.6 1.55 26.01 1487.4 195.9 144.0 2791.6 26172.6 1380.0 169.8 139.1 1591.6 3082.1m + f 1584.8 195.5 141.0 2996.9 27122.5 1415.2 168.2 134.4 1522.0 3069.1

m + fIngestion

rate (g/day) 4.1 0.5 0.4 6.2 41.4Paracas(and nearby areas) Center-south male (m) 196 70.62 1.64 26.37 2968.0 281.5 116.2 2557.2 27798.4 925.0 98.2 139.7 500.5 1007.9

female (f) 186 65.14 1.56 26.92 3557.3 136.8 100.1 2069.3 22841.9 1054.9 65.3 159.5 465.5 1289.5m + f 3255.0 210.9 108.4 2319.7 25385.0 988.2 82.2 149.3 483.5 1145.0

m + fIngestion

rate (g/day) 5.8 0.4 0.4 3.8 36.3

Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the following formula: weight /(height x height) of each individual.

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5Fig 5. EPA, DHA, ARA concentrations (mg/100g wwt.) in different group of species from north: Illescas Reserved Zone (IRZ), Sechura Bay (SL, NL), center-south: Paracas Bay (PL1, PL2), and south: Marcona (PSJ, SHO) 2016 – 2018. Wet weight or fresh weight as wwt. was considered for the nutritional and food safety approach.

Fig 6. Metal concentrations (μg/g wwt.) in different group of species from north: Illescas Reserved Zone (IRZ), Sechura Bay (SL, NL), center-south: Paracas Bay (PL1, PL2), and south: Marcona (PSJ, SHO) 2016 – 2018. Wet weight or fresh weight as wwt. was considered for the nutritional and food safety approach.

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Fig 7. Metal concentrations (μg/g wwt.) in different group of species from north: Illescas Reserved Zone (IRZ), Sechura Bay (SL, NL), center-south: Paracas Bay (PL1, PL2), and south: Marcona (PSJ, SHO) 2016 – 2018. Wet weight or fresh weight as wwt. was considered for the nutritional and food safety approach.

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Fig 8. Process scheme for (A) fatty acid analysis (FAMEs extraction) and for (B) metal analysis of marine species. Reference material was treated and processed as small tissues for metal analysis.

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