Chapter 12. B. A. Croft, S. M. Welch. 1983. Implementation research on on-line apple IPM. Pages 369-409. In: B. A. Croft, S. C. Hoyt (editors). Integrated Management of Insect Pests of Pome and Stone Fruits. New York: John Wiley-Interscience, 454 pages.

Keywords: components of an IPM-implementation system, on-line-control implementation research, pest and pest management models, environmental monitoring systems, weather programs, apple maggot Ragoletis pomonella, Codling moth Cydia pomonella, fruit-tree leaf roller-Archips argyrospilus, green apple aphid- Aphis pomi, oblique-banded leaf roller Choristoneura rosaceana, plum curculio Conotrachelus nenuphar, Red-banded leaf roller Argyrotaenia velutinana, rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea, San Jose scale Quadraspidiotus perniciosus, spotted tentiform leaf miner Phyllonorycter blancardella, tarnished plant bug Lygus spp., tufted apple bud moth Platynota idaeusalis, white apple leafhopper Typhlocyba pomaria, wolly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum McDaniel spider mite Tetranychus mcdanieli, apple rust mite Aculus schlechtendali, European red mite Panonychus ulmi, two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, research-identified needs, biological-monitoring systems, a simulation study of biological-monitoring systems for plant-feeding mites, a mobile mite-monitoring system, mobile-system simulation analysis, examples of simulation research, number of growers served, effects of sampling accuracy to net profits, extension delivery system, centralist-IPM-delivery-system developments, hierarchically-distributed delivery systems, software in the hierarchical system, a prototype hierarchical distributed system, systems operations: principles and problems, modeling monitoring trade-offs, modeling environmental monitoring, biomonitoring-environmental monitoring