Chapter 12. S. Adler, O. Theodor. 1957. Transmission of disease agents by Phlebotomine sand flies. Pages 203-226. In: Edward A. Steinhaus, Ray F. Smith (editors). Annual Review of Entomology. Volume 2, 407 pages. Stanford, CA: Annual Reviews Inc.

Keywords: sand flies, bionomics, leishmaniasis, Carrion’s disease, Phlebotomus papatasi, P. argentipes, P. babu, P. perfiliewi, P. perniciosus, alternative hosts, animal reservoirs for disease, transmission of leishmaniasis by sand flies, Leptomonas, P. sergenti, Leishmania tropica, transmission of Leishmania tropica, experiments with other species of sand flies, P. major, South American muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis, Mediterranean, the Caucasus, Turkestan, China, South America, the transmission of Indian kala-azar Phlebotomus argentipes, transmission of visceral leishmaniasis and animal reservoirs in China, P. chinensis, L. donovani, P. mongolensis, transmission of visceral leighmaniasis and animal reservoirs in the Mediterranean, L. infantum, transmission of visceral

leishmaniasis and animal reservoirs in South America, P. longipalpis, mechanism, vector specificity, carrion’s disease (oroya fever, verruga Peruana), P. verrucarum, Bartonella bacilliformis, P. noguchii, Phlebotomus (papataci or sand-fly fever), reaction to Phlebotomus bites (harara)