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Power Reading Study Guide

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Reading Strategy Definition Represent it as a Picture

Prediction

Inference

Cause and Effect

Compare and Contrast

Organizational Patterns

Dress Like an EgyptianEarly Egyptians dressed according to their wealth and their roles in society. Those who did common

work wore what was practical, and those who were rich wore what was beautiful. The clothing of servants and laborers was simple and inexpensive. It was usually white in color and rough in quality. Not only was it cheaper, but it was easier to work in. Men wore a cloth like a Scottish kilt. Women wore long skirts with plain shawls or dresses without sleeves, and no jewelry. Children often wore nothing at all. Even their scalps were bare because they were shaved to prevent lice.

Wealthy people dressed differently. They wore colorful clothing, though fabric dye was expensive (the vibrant colors, such as gold and yellow were especially costly). They could afford delicate linens of fine quality (so fine that some were as transparent as a screened window). The rich sometimes wore pleated and loosely flowing robes that would have ruled out hard work. The rich also wore wigs, eye makeup, perfume, and jewelry. Even children wore jewels around their neck.

Yes, the dress of the poor was practical for labor while the decorations of the rich were not. However, these rich decorations did serve at least two purposes. They made the wearer feel beautiful. They also reminded the working-class Egyptians of the rank and majesty of those who were wealthy.

1. What conclusion can be drawn about why the lower class wore mostly white clothing?

a. White was a symbol of innocence.b. Colored cloth was not permitted. c. Rough cloth came in white only. d. Fabric dyes were too expensive.

2. The very wealthy Egyptians dressed splendidly for several reasons. Which of the following was NOT a reason for their style of dress?

a. It made them feel beautiful. b. It showed their majesty. c. They could buy it cheaply. d. They did not have to work hard.

3. What can you infer about why it might have been difficult for a servant to work in clothing like that of the wealthy?

a. They might be too worried about how they looked. b. They might get the clothes caught and ruin them or hurt themselves. c. They might spend all their earnings on clothes. d. They might fight over the fashion.

4. Egyptian pharaohs were known to dress even more elaborately than the wealthy. You can conclude that this is because...

a. He knew all the designers. b. He would want to the wealthy to copy his clothing. c. He would want to set himself apart and be respected. d. He changed his clothes often.

Adam’s Trip

Adam had on a special suit and helmet. He had to wear them in order to maintain his safety. His coworker made sure Adam’s air tank was full. Adam went out carefully. He bounced because he felt so light. He picked up some rocks. He checked out a crater. Adam carefully bounced back to the ship. He caught a glimpse of Earth. Even so far away, it looked gorgeous.

5. Highlight at least 5 KEY words that help you make an inference.

6. From the passage, you can infer that Earth looked so far away because…

a. Adam was looking at a picture in a book.

b. Adam was high on a mountain. c. Adam was in outer space. d. Adam needed glasses.

Bridget mailed the invitation to her party. A week later, no one had responded. When Bridget’s mom asked if she had any stamps left over, Bridget knew what happened.

7. Highlight at least 3 KEY words that help you make an inference.

8. Make an inference: Why didn’t anyone respond to the invitations?

a. Bridget forgot to seal the envelopes. b. Bridget forgot to put stamps on the envelopes. c. Bridget put the wrong addresses on the envelopes. d. Bridget never mailed the invitations.

Cathy was going to summer camp for the first time. She was worried her clothes would get mixed up with her roommate’s clothes. “No problem,” her mom said. “I’ve got a plan for that.”

9. Highlight at least 3 KEY words that help you make an inference.

10. Cathy’s mom most likely planned to…a. Write a mean note to warn Cathy’s roommate. b. Buy only red clothes. c. Label the clothes. d. Lock them in a suitcase.

Becoming a Winning Cyclist

What’s the secret of a winning cyclist? Skill, daring, and good preparation do make a difference, of course, but another answer is technology. Since bicycle races are often very close, riders need every advantage they can get. For instance, a racer might wear a suit designed so that it has no creases or wrinkles to affect the airflow. Special racing shoes are covered with a seamless silver fabric for the same reason. Aerodynamic brakes and a bike frame made to cut through the air effectively are also part of a racer’s equipment.

11. From this paragraph you can conclude that…

a. Cyclists like to look good when racing b. Many riders wear the wrong kind of clothing c. Air resistance affects a rider’s speed d. Some riders don’t spend enough time training

12. From the paragraph you cannot tell… a. What materials are used in marking racing bikes

b. That riders need every advantage they can get c. That bicycle races are often very closed. That riders must have skill to win a race

Making Predictions

Marie is getting herself some soda. She begins to pour the soda and her hand slips. Her soda is all over the floor. Marie knows her mom will not be happy if she sees the mess.

13. From the information in the passage, what do you think Marie will do next? a. Hide the spill with a rugb. Clean up the spillc. Eat some cheesed. Pour another soda

John can't find his mother in the store. He looks all around the store and soon he starts to cry. The lady from the store asks John what is wrong.

14.What do you predict John will do next? ________________________________________

There is a small mouse creeping out of his hole. As he slowly walks out he sees a cat. The cat is ready to jump on the mouse.

15.What do you predict the mouse will do next? ____________________________________

Compare and Contrast Practice – Read this article then answer the questions.

4. The best resource for information on Native Americans would be- A. an almanac C. a novel on Native Americans B. an encyclopedia D. diary entries by early settlers

Little Squirt, Big Squirtby Carrie Beckwith

I was facing another hot, boring day in the valley. Normally, I didn’t allow my little brother to step one foot near me, but I decided this day would have to be different. I came up with the idea of turning Mom’s clothesline into a theater of sheets, and I let A.J help me. “This time,” I told him, “I will be a beautiful Arabian belly dancer.” With golden bells around my waist and billowy lavender pants, I danced to the snakes. They coiled themselves as if to attack, but were powerless under the spell of my dancing. Hisssss…

“Stop! You’re spitting on me.” My brother screamed and fell backwards in a fit of laughter, knocking over the picnic bench that was supposed to be front row seating.

“You have no imagination, A.J.” Of course, why did I expect an eight year old to know raw talent when he saw it?

“Well maybe if you did something besides squirm around with the garden hose I’d be interested!” A.J. joked. Then he picked himself up and began cartwheeling around the yard, amused by his own humor.

I did not take kindly to insult, especially from my own brother. So I did what any self-respecting sister would do to keep her brother in line...I played a little trick on him. “You’re right, A.J.,” I said. “I’ll start over. This time I’m going to enter the stage from behind this bush. You won’t be able to see me right away, but just sit on the bench and wait, okay? I’m going to act out a mystery, and I want you to be part of it, too.”

When A.J. heard he could participate in one of my plays, he raced to the picnic bench, sat down, and folded his hands. Within seconds, I had the hose. POW! Right to the gut! Front row seating was soaking wet. “How did you like that mystery, A.J.?” I cackled. But A.J. was quick. He leaped up, grabbed the hose at its neck, and squirted it right back at me.

“Not as much as I like squirting you with this hose, Tameeka!”Nothing was left dry when we were through. As I look back now, maybe it wasn’t such a boring day

after all. 17. Which statement from the passage gives clues to the setting?

a. “Just sit on the bench and wait”b. “Front row seating was soaking wet”c. “I was facing another hot boring day in the valley”d. “Nothing was left dry when we were through”

18. Why do you think Tameeka “allowed” A.J. to play with her? (inference) a. She always played with her brother b. She needed an actor for the play c. She didn’t have anything better to do. d. She liked A.J.’s ideas

19. What caused A.J. to race back to the picnic bench? (Cause and effect)a. He thought his sister was going to let him participate b. He was scared he might get in troublec. He didn’t want to get sprayed with the water d. He wanted to get sprayed with the water

20. What does A.J.’s reaction to being in his sister’s play tell you about how he is feeling? a. He is afraid of his sister and will do whatever she wants. b. He is excited about being part of the play c. He is angry and has his own plan to trick his sister d. He’s not sure if he wants to be part of his sister’s play

21. Compare Tameeka’s opinion of the day at the beginning of the story to her opinion at the end. a. In the beginning, she was very bored and at the end, she was still bored. b. In the beginning, she was very bored and at the end, she wasn’t bored. c. In the beginning, she thought her brother was annoying and in the end she still thought he was

still annoying. d. In the beginning, she thought her brother wasn’t annoying and in the end she thought he was

annoying. 22. Complete the cause and effect graphic organizer by putting the events in order. You won’t use them all.

a. AJ sprays Tameeka with the hose. b. Tameeka comes up with the idea to put on a play. c. Tameeka sprays AJ with the hose. d. AJ runs in to tell his parents.

23. What figurative language is used in the line “Hissss…”? a. Personificationb. Onomatopoeiac. Hyperbole d. Metaphor

Taking the PlungeLearning to swim can be intimidating, but the rewards are great. It is a great feeling to glide through the water like a dolphin. When you don’t know how to swim, however, facing water can be the biggest fear you have. Becoming comfortable in the water is a big part of learning to swim. Familiarity with WaterTo get comfortable, get in water shallow enough for you to stand. Lie back on the water with your arms outstretched but your feet still on the bottom. Humans are buoyant in water and will float, especially when they hold air in their lungs.Bubble, BreatheThe scariest thing about swimming is that humans can’t breathe underwater. Normally you do not have to think about when you breathe in and out. In swimming, you are very aware of a breathing pattern. Practice this: while your head is out of the water begin humming as you slowly lower your face until your mouth and nose are submerged (under water). Humming will create bubbles from your nose, and while bubbles are being blown no water can come in. After you have let all of your air out, come up for breath and repeat.Kick ItThe next step is learning to move your body through the water. Hold onto a kickboard, let you feet rise up, and slowly begin kicking from the hips. You will feel your feet rise higher the faster you kick. Practice blowing bubbles while you kick.Arm PullNow you are ready to become completely self-sufficient by letting go of the kickboard and using your arms. Start by holding your arms outstretched in front of you with one hand on top of the other. Now, begin kicking. Cup your right hand to grab the water and push it toward your feet. You should feel your body move forward. As your right hand finishes, repeat with the left. You are swimming under your own power! Showing OffBeing able to swim opens up a whole world of fun. There are so many different types of places for you to swim (beach, pool, lakes, rivers, and more) and new worlds to discover.

24. In paragraph 2, what does the word buoyant mean?

a. able to floatb. able to hold their breath for a long timec. heavyd. attractive in appearance

25. Which question is answered in paragraph 2?a. What are the most common strokes?b. What creates bubbles when your head is

submerged?c. What is the first part of swimming?d. What do you use a floatation device for?

26. It is most likely easier to float when you take a deep breath because-

a. You are scaredb. Air is lighter than waterc. You are lying on your backd. You are filling your lungs with water

27. Why would a person who did not know how to swim most likely decide to learn to swim after reading this passage?

a. To see what flying feels likeb. To look like a dolphinc. To conquer their fear of waterd. To enjoy beaches