Web viewappears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our

The Handbook of Houston

Article Content Guidelines

A Joint Project of the Texas State Historical Association

andHouston History Alliance

2016

CATEGORIES

AGRICULTURE …………………………………………… 1ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES ……………………………….. 3ARCHITECTURE/BUILDINGS …………………………. 5BIOGRAPHIES …………………………………………… 7BUSINESSES …………………………………………… 9ETHNIC GROUPS ……………………………………... 11FOUNDATIONS …………………………………………… 13HISTORIC PARKS ……………………………………… 15INDUSTRIES ……………………………………………. 17INSTITUTIONS ……………………………………………. 19LAKES AND RESERVOIRS ………………………………... 21MILITARY UNITS ……………………………………… 23MUSEUMS ………………………………………………….. 25NEWSPAPERS ……………………………………………. 27ORGANIZATIONS ……………………………………… 29PERIODICALS ……………………………………………. 31PLANTS ………………………………………………….. 33RAILROADS ……………………………………………. 35RANCHING ………………………………………………….. 37RECREATIONAL PARKS ………………………………... 39TOWNS AND VILLAGES ………………………………... 41VERTEBRATE ANIMAL SPECIES ……………………. 43

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AGRICULTURECrops - Livestock

GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS TO THEHANDBOOK OF HOUSTON

The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about Houston agriculture. The guidelines should be considered suggestions and not constraints. Explanations and descriptions may vary somewhat at the writer's discretion.

The Handbook is meant to serve as the principal reference work for all significant aspects of Houston studies and is encyclopedic in scope. All entries should be concise, factual, informative, authoritative, and fully documented.

Entries generally fall into three categories with 1) overview articles providing a general summation of an industry such as crops and livestock, 2) industry articles developing specific production or agribusiness areas (such as cotton, rice, poultry, etc.), and 3) individual entries relating to specific farms, animal breeds, businesses, and other enterprises (e.g., Guernsey Cattle, Texas Farm Products, Inc., Houston Fat Stock Show, etc.).

I. History and DevelopmentA. Origins of the industryB. Patterns of growthC. Important developments or phasesD. Special nature or characteristics of cultivation or industry

II. LocaleA. Distribution of crop, livestock, or industryB. Changes in locationC. Relevant geographic or climatic conditions

III. Current StatusA. Production patternsB. Volume of productionC. Value of crop or product (2000 or 2005)D. Markets

IV. Bibliography and notes

V. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

Each entry in the Handbook appears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our contributors share our desire to adhere to the most rigorous scholarly standards, we have adopted the policy of checking all factual material to be included in the new edition. This means that we need specific footnotes, with complete publication information, and a photo copy of the cited source for all of the facts in an article . We regret the inconvenience which this causes, but only by this double check can we be assured that each entry will be the credit to its author that we wish it to be. Furthermore, the extra effort will ultimately save our small staff hundreds of hours and will earn the heartfelt gratitude of our staff and volunteers.

2

A brief bibliography should be included with each article. We encourage contributors to list primary as well as secondary sources. The list of works should be highly selective; if possible, it should include recent works of fundamental importance which can lead a reader to further publications, as well as the location of major archival collections.

Please send a DOUBLE-SPACED copy of each manuscript. We would prefer to have the entries submitted by email to the email address below in Word 97 or later (.doc or .docx). Photocopied source material can either be scanned and sent to the same email address or mailed to the physical address below.

All articles become the copyrighted property of the Texas State Historical Association when they are received. They will be edited. The association retains the right of disposition of all manuscripts.

Inquiries and articles should be sent to:

Lindsay Scovil Dove, EditorHandbook of Houston, Houston History AllianceIn partnership with the Texas State Historical AssociationEmail: [email protected]

Mailing address: Lindsay Scovil DoveHouston History AllianceCenter for Public History, University of Houston332C McElhinney HallHouston, TX 77204-3007

Phone: 713-828-3030

3

ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing entries on archeological sites. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion. Contributors should endeavor to emphasize the Houston aspect of their subject.


1. Name of site and synonyms 2. General location of site 3. Brief description 4. When excavated and by whom 5. Cultural affiliations6. Dates on site components7. Categories of artifacts recovered8. Types of features recorded9. Location of collections and data10. Bibliography and notes11. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form






Lindsay Scovil Dove, EditorHandbook of Houston, Houston History Alliance

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In partnership with the Texas State Historical AssociationEmail: [email protected]


Phone: 713-828-3030

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ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND DEVELOPMENTS(INCLUDING BUILDINGS)


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing entries on architectural styles and developments. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion. Contributors should endeavor to emphasize the Houston aspect of their subject.


I. CharacteristicsA. Stylistic featuresB. Spatial characteristicsC. Structural features

II. Origins, in the United States and Europe, if applicable

III. Regional variations or consistencies; details, forms, etc.

IV. Important architects or builders in the propagation of style

V. Significant examplesA. Date and locationB. Brief description

VI. Bibliography and notes

VII. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form




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Phone: 713-828-3030

7

BIOGRAPHIES

GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS TO THE

HANDBOOK OF HOUSTON

The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing biographical sketches. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion. Contributors should endeavor to emphasize the Houston aspect of their subjects' lives.


*1. Full name, including maiden name and/or well-established nicknames (in parentheses) or pseudonyms [in brackets]; e.g., Smith, Erastus (Deaf) or Porter, William Sydney [pseud. O. Henry]

*2. Years of birth and death (in parentheses immediately after name)

*3. Brief statement of subject's significance (e.g., celebrated short story writer)

*4. Names of parents

*5. Date and place of birth

6. Significance of parents, if pertinent

7. Personalized use of initials, if pertinent (e.g., J. Frank Dobie)

8. Number of siblings and names, if pertinent

9. Education and early experiences

10. Profession or career

*11. Significant achievements

12. Military service and/or other public service

13. Professional, civic, and social memberships and activities

14. Religious and political affiliations

15. Honors received

*16. Marriage(s) and name(s) of spouse(s)

17. Significance of spouse(s), if pertinent

*18. Number of children, if any

19. Name(s) and significance of child(ren), if pertinent

20. Place(s) of residence

*21. Date and place of death

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22. Cause of death, if pertinent

23. Bibliography and footnotes

24. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

*Items marked with an asterisk are to be included in all biographical sketches.

Items 1-5 should be included in the title and first sentence of the sketch, e.g., "PORTER, WILLIAM SIDNEY (1862-1910). William Sidney Porter [pseud. O. Henry], celebrated short story writer, son of Algernon Sidney and Mary Jane Virginia (Swaim) Porter, was born at Greensboro, North Carolina, September 11, 1862."


A brief bibliography should be included with each article. We encourage contributors to list primary as well as secondary sources. The list of works should be highly selective; if possible, it should include recent works of fundamental importance that can lead a reader to further publications, as well as the location of major archival collections.






Phone: 713-828-3030

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BUSINESSES


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing articles about businesses in Houston. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands.


I. IdentificationA. Name of the business, status as a subsidiary, holding company, joint venture,

partnership; is business still in operation under original name?B. Number of Houston/Texas outlets or locations of the firm; current headquarters

location; subsidiariesC. Products/Services: industry or business area in which the firm operates

II. FoundingA. Inception: how did the company begin, i.e., who, when, how, where?B. Founder: who was it and what recorded statements are available from him about why

the business was started; list founder's active membership, offices held, honors awarded in church, civic groups, service clubs, fraternal organizations, trade or professional associations, and positions of community responsibility. Mention contributions to the community and region. (If abundant information is available about the founder's activities outside the firm--e.g., private foundation development, personal interests, other business activities--the individual should perhaps be given a separate entry. Contact the managing editor.)

C. Financial history: names of significant initial investors or financiers, particularly well-known figures in Houston/Texas, representatives of major interests outside Texas (e.g., J. P. Morgan), and those involved in later takeover or buyout attempts. Omit capitalization.

D. Date of incorporation, first stock offerings, date at which the company "goes public"

III. DevelopmentA. Significant leaders: CEOs, presidents, chairmen of the board, important managers; did

firm continue under family management, or was family involved strictly as investors? B. Critical junctures: major restructurings, acquisitions, changes in ownership, and other

events that resulted in significant changes; also moves and relocations 1. Integration: when did firm diversify into related product lines? (what were they?); purchase raw materials suppliers? develop marketing and distribution outlets? key financial affairs?

C. Economic significance: contribution to growth of an industry, growth of big or multinational business, or interregional business relationships; was firm the first in an area or industry? size and relative position in industry based on assets, revenues, employment? is firm considered a major player? what is importance to today's industry in terms of market share or percentage of employment?

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D. Innovation: specialized technologies associated with the firmE. Chronology: rates of growth or shrinkage in sales, employment, product or services,

measured by statistical record of assets, inventories, etc. every decade or fifty years; role in World wars I and II

F. For defunct businesses: decline and dissolution1. Causes, date2. Merger with other business, change of name

IV. Corporate Culture and Public RelationsA. Advertising and slogans B. Controversies involving the firm, regulation, EPA and environmental questions,

fraudulent business practice C. Labor history: Texas employment statistics, strikes, unionization, special employee

programsD. Houston/Texas impact: local efforts at philanthropy, public interest projects, etc.









Phone: 713-828-3030

11

RACIAL, CULTURAL, AND ETHNIC GROUPS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about racial, cultural, and ethnic groups in Houston. Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the writer's discretion. Available significant statistical data should be included. Articles should point out distinguishing ethnic features, important leaders, and significant contributions to all phases of the Houston experience, whether suggested by the following categories or not.


I. Origin and migration to HoustonA. Place and nature of origin, if not obviousB. Migration to Houston: time(s), means, conditions, and causes

II. Settlement and economic life in HoustonA. Settlements: locations, causes for choices of locations; developments; size and

demographic distributionB. Past and present economic activities, especially those particularly characteristic of the

group

III. Social structureA. Nature and importance of the family and of neighborhoods or communities in the

identity of the groupB. Relation of ethnicity to the group's social classC. Patterns of social mobility

IV. Politics and lawA. Political activities of individuals and of the groupB. Internal legal institutions; legal relations with the larger society

V. Religion and educationA. Religious identity and changesB. Education: methods, levels, changes

VI. Cultural lifeA. Linguistic historyB. Communications media and the groupC. Literature, folklore, traditional artsD. Cultural leaders

VII. Group boundariesA. Conflicts and accommodations with the larger societyB. Degree and desirability of ethnic separateness, preferred group names

VIII. Bibliography and footnotes

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IX. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form








Phone: 713-828-3030

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FOUNDATIONS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing entries on foundations. In this context "foundations" is used a broad sense to address the range of independent, community, and corporate foundations operating in Houston and consequently not all suggestions stated below are universally applicable. The writer of entries on foundations should concentrate accordingly on those suggestions which pertain to the article in question, while at the same time describing atypical features of the individual subject. If there are aspects of specific foundations not covered here, the writer is encouraged to add them. Please place special emphasis upon the foundation's role in the development of Houston or its special relationship to the state.


1. Official name (Mention earlier names and name changes; merger(s) with other foundations)2. Location (Town or city, county)3. Time and circumstances of establishment and founding (Private, organizational action;

family or individual action)4. Type of foundation (Example: independent, community, corporate)5. Purpose (Widening of scope; restrictions; change in focus, etc.)6. Areas of giving (Original and current emphases, significant changes over time)7. Grants awarded (dollar value, total number, range in value; growth since establishment)8. Financial summary (Assets, annual income for most recent fiscal year; growth since

establishment)9. Institutional accreditations, affiliations, and memberships (Statewide, regional, national)10. Publications (Reports, series, newsletters, periodicals, books, audio-visual materials)11. Collaboration, cooperation, or exchange arrangements with other foundations (Avoidance of

overlap in areas of specialization, joint purchases, and loan arrangements)12. Organization and administration (Boards, directors, trustees, managers, presidents, etc.;

significant leaders, sponsors, or supporters)13. Awards and special recognitions.14. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form




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Phone: 713-828-3030

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HISTORIC PARKS


The following guidelines are intended to apply to articles about state, national, and other historic parks, as opposed to recreational and natural areas. It is understood that these categories overlap, that historic parks provide recreation and preserve features of their natural settings. Nevertheless, the emphasis of a park that exists for the purpose of historic preservation is different enough from the emphases of the other types that the editors of the new Handbook consider these separate guidelines necessary. We do not wish by our categories, however, to oversimplify the objective features of a subject. Although the main purpose of a park may be historic preservation, its natural features and recreational uses will be important to a well-balanced treatment. With these qualifications made, it should further be realized that not every specification below applies to every park, though all of those that do apply should be discussed. In particular, authors of articles about historic man-made structures such as forts or churches will wish to emphasize attributes different from those geological or prehistoric features that distinguish other park sites.


1. Location with relation to natural features (e.g., rivers) and man-made features (e.g., highways, cities)

2. Size (land/water) in acres; shape3. Origin, significance, and changes of name4. General statement of historic, archeological, and geological features preserved5. Date of establishment as a park; principal movers toward establishment and preservation;

purposes of establishment6. History of ownership7. Cultural history:

a. prehistoric inhabitants and artifacts that they leftb. chronological changes, successive inhabitants, and artifacts that illustrate themc. historic developments and associations: early documentation, historic uses, functions,

purposes8. Geology: composition, age, shape, mode of formation, and general character of geological

formations9. Natural history: flora and fauna, past and present10. Archeological recovery*11. General nature of man-made structures:

a. purposes of establishmentb. historic characters, founders, developersc. historic success, importanced. significance in broad historic perspective

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12. Architecture and architectural history13. History of restoration or reconstruction14. Current activity, plans, predictions15. Seasonal and other information for users of the park; recreational facilities and activities

available16. Nearby points of interest--metropolitan, historic, natural


*If a site is to be discussed principally in terms of its archeology, a writer should use our archeological sites guidelines.


A brief bibliography should be included with each article. We encourage contributors to list primary as well as secondary sources. The list of works should be highly selective; if possible, it should include recent publications as well as the location of major archival collections.





Mailing address: Lindsay Scovil DoveHouston History AllianceCenter for Public History, University of Houston332C McElhinney HallHouston, TX 77204-3007Phone: 713-828-3030

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INDUSTRIES


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about industries in Houston. Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands. Writers should concentrate upon facets or products of industries that are characteristically Houstonian. General articles should present broad summaries with references to specific articles.


1. Definition, if needed2. Products3. Origins and antecedents4. Growth patterns: advances and declines, causes of advances and declines, important dates5. Economic importance relative to other industries6. Relation to other Texas/Houston industries (e.g., the relation of manufacture to supply of

raw materials)7. Relation to the industry in other states or in foreign countries8. Geographic concentrations in the state (city); historic shifts of concentration; causes of shifts9. Major markets within the state and outside the state

10. Organizations–professional, marketing, labor, regulatory11. Publications12. Current state of the industry13. Bibliography and notes14. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form





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Phone: 713-828-3030

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INSTITUTIONS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing entries on institutions. In this context "institutions" is used in the broadest sense possible (colleges, universities, hospitals, libraries, orphanages, prisons, social, public, religious, charitable, educational, etc.), and consequently not all suggestions stated below are universally applicable. The writer of entries on institutions should concentrate accordingly on those suggestions which pertain to the article in question, while at the same time describing atypical features of the individual subject. If there are aspects of specific institutions not covered here, the writer is encouraged to add them. Please place special emphasis upon the institution's role in the development of Houston or its special relationship to the city.


1. Official name (Mention earlier names and name changes; merger(s) with other institutions.)2. Location(s) (Indicate specifically or by proximity to city or within county. If institution has

moved, please so indicate.)3. Time and circumstances of establishment and founding (Governmental action and/or

enabling legislation on local, county, state, or federal level; private, organizational action; family or individual action.)

4. Status and/or change of status (Example: from private to public.)5. Purpose (Widening of scope; restrictions; change from religious to secular orientation, etc.)6. Physical plant(s) (Major changes from time of origin to present.)7. Regular financial basis (Endowments, funds, government support, etc.)8. Other financial support (Drives, membership, gifts, matching grants, subventions, etc.)9. Institutional accreditations, affiliations, and memberships (Statewide, regional, national.)10. Patterns of growth and development

A. Human statistics (Personnel, patrons, inmates, enrollment, users, etc.)B. Physical aspects (Building(s), wings, units, acreage, etc.)C. Focus on new areas of activity, etc.

11. Holdings and collections (Natural objects or artifacts, books and other printed materials, archives, and aesthetic objects.)

12. Publications (Reports, series, newsletters, periodicals, books, audio-visual materials.)13. Collaboration, cooperation, or exchange arrangements with other institutions (Avoidance of

overlap in areas of specialization, joint purchases, and loan arrangements.)14. Public activities (Exhibits, meetings, conferences, symposia, etc.)15. Organization and administration (Boards, directors, trustees, managers, presidents, etc.;

significant leaders, sponsors, or supporters.)16. Defunct institutions (Circumstances and time of dissolution.)


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Phone: 713-828-3030

21

LAKES AND RESERVOIRS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about lakes or reservoirs. Not every guideline listed is necessarily applicable to every entry, but the order of applicable guidelines should generally follow the sequence below. Articles about lakes or reservoirs that were the sites of significant historical events should contain references to the events, but not narratives of them.


1. Name(s), including those formerly used and/or nickname(s) 2. Origin(s) of name(s), if available3. Location

a. County, and location within countyb. Reference to Houstonc. Geographic coordinatesd. Name of source stream

4. Name of owner/operator of facility5. Type of dam construction6. Purpose of reservoir7. Spillway elevation8. Capacity in acre-feet at full pool9. Brief history of construction10. Bibliography and notes







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Phone: 713-828-3030

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MILITARY UNITS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about military units which played a significant role in Houston. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion.


1. Date of organization2. Reason for formation3. Circumstances of formation4. First and other notable commanders5. Unit organization6. Campaigns and battles—wars engaged in7. Forts garrisoned and peacetime duties8. End of service—dates and circumstances—or present configuration9. Legacy of unit—impact upon Texas/Houston history10. Bibliography and notes








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Phone: 713-828-3030

25

MUSEUMS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about museums in Houston. Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands. Writers should include dates and statistics where appropriate. Authors of articles on historic houses and sites may extrapolate guidelines from these.


1. Founding2. Founder3. Funding; owner4. Affiliations5. Donors to collection6. Location7. Directors(s), curator(s), administrator(s)8. Rationale and general description of collection; outstanding features9. Exhibition program: permanent exhibits, changing exhibits, major exhibitions10. Buildings and grounds: features, designers, donors, etc.11. Complementary collections, programs, structures: libraries, educational activities,

publications, planetariums, auditoriums, etc.12. Significant changes13. Significant acquisitions14. Bibliography and notes






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Phone: 713-828-3030

27

NEWSPAPERS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about newspapers in Houston. Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands. In addition to the headings below, writers should include appropriate statistics, anything indicating the specific character of the newspaper, and any important event in its internal or external history.


1. Antecedent enterprises2. Founding date3. Founders4. Language (if not English); audience (if specialized: ethnic, professional, etc.)5. Frequency of publication (daily, weekly, etc.)6. Publisher; early affiliations7. Original editors; important later editors or writers8. Publication history; circulation history; financial history; important editions9. Principal concerns (e.g., local news, foreign affairs, etc.); contents, subject matter of

sections; proportion and nature of advertising (if significant)10. Political or ideological stamp; people, programs, policies supported; partisanship on key

issues 11. Accomplishments12. Change of ownership, name, or affiliation; affiliation with radio or TV stations; wire

services; mergers13. Current condition14. Bibliography and notes





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Phone: 713-828-3030

29

ORGANIZATIONS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about organizations in Houston. Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands. Notable events in the history of an organization should be described, and pertinent statistics included, wherever appropriate. These general guidelines for writing about organizations are meant to be applicable to more specific types of organizations; writers about business organizations such as corporations, or government organizations such as agencies, boards, commissions, committees, etc., may extrapolate guidelines from the following.


I. FoundingA. Date and place of original conception of the organizationB. Date and place of formal chartering, if distinct from AC. Founding idea, purposeD. Names and nature of founders and sponsorsE. Original affiliations and relation to other organizationsF. Authority structure

II. MembersA. Original requirements for membershipB. Important characteristics of membership (e.g., education, sex, age, where pertinent)C. Outstanding officers and other individuals

III. ChangesA. Growth or change in distribution or nature of membership; new chapters or affiliations,

changes of sponsorship, move of headquartersB. Change in wealth or influenceC. Developments in structure or purpose

IV. Functions, activities, projects, accomplishmentsA. Function as expressed in formal statements of purpose, mottoes, slogansB. MeetingsC. Services to members, public servicesD. Philanthropic activitiesE. Buildings, collections, museums, parksF. Political activitiesG. Publications

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V. ConclusionA. For defunct organizations: decline and dissolution

1. Causes, date2. Merger with other organization, change of name

B. For existing organizations: latest statistics, plans, works in progress, current heads

VI. Bibliography and notes

VII. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form








Phone: 713-828-3030

31

PERIODICALS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about periodicals in Houston. (Entries about newspapers are described in separate guidelines.) Not every heading is applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their subjects. The order of topics should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat as the subject demands. Writers should include the distinguishing features of a periodical, its accomplishments, and distinguished people who have been involved with it. Writers of articles on almanacs, directories, and other periodically revised works can extrapolate guidelines from these.


1. Founding date; founders2. Chief affiliation; ownership3. Publisher4. Official publication of an organization?5. Years of publication; frequency of publication, if not obvious (weekly, quarterly,

etc.)6. Place of publication7. Nature of subscribers, if limited8. Number of pages, format9. Editors; editorial policies; political leanings, if noteworthy; locus of control of

policies10. Contents: subjects addressed, types of articles, literary genres, writers featured,

illustrations, etc.11. Changes12. Circulation history13. Special-subject, extra, or commemorative issues14. Bibliography and notes15. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

Each entry in the Handbook appears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our contributors share our desire to adhere to the most rigorous scholarly standards, we have adopted the policy of checking all factual material to be included in the new edition. This means that we need specific footnotes, with complete publication information, and a photo copy of the cited source for all of the facts in an article. We regret the inconvenience which this causes, but only by this double check can we be assured that each entry will be the credit to its author that we wish it to be. Furthermore, the extra effort will ultimately save our small staff hundreds of hours and will earn the heartfelt gratitude of our staff and volunteers.

A brief bibliography should be included with each article. We encourage contributors to list primary as well as secondary sources. The list of works should be highly selective; if

32

possible, it should include recent works of fundamental importance which can lead a reader to further publications, as well as the location of major archival collections.



Inquiries and articles should be sent to:Lindsay Scovil Dove, EditorHandbook of Houston, Houston History AllianceIn partnership with the Texas State Historical AssociationEmail: [email protected]


Phone: 713-828-3030

33

PLANT SPECIES


The following guidelines are intended to apply to articles about nonagricultural Houston plants for the Handbook of Texas.


1. Common name(s)2. Scientific name (underlined and in parentheses)3. Physical description (height, shape, color(s), flowers, seeds, etc.)4. Range: Was plant introduced or native? How has range of species change, and what are the

circumstances responsible for this change?5. Economic impact; positive or negative6. Folk usage and lore associated with species7. Ecological status and prospects; conservation efforts for endangered species


Each entry in the Handbook appears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our contributors share our desire to adhere to the most rigorous standards, we have adopted the policy of checking all factual material to be included in the new edition. This means that we need specific footnotes, with complete publication information, and a photo copy of the cited source for all of the facts in an article . We regret the inconvenience which this causes, but only by this double check can we be assured that each entry will be the credit to its author that we wish it to be. Furthermore, the extra effort will ultimately save our small staff hundreds of hours and will earn the heartfelt gratitude of our staff and volunteers.




Inquiries and articles should be sent to:Lindsay Scovil Dove, EditorHandbook of Houston, Houston History AllianceIn partnership with the Texas State Historical AssociationEmail: [email protected]

Mailing address: Lindsay Scovil DoveHouston History Alliance

34

Center for Public History, University of Houston332C McElhinney HallHouston, TX 77204-3007

Phone: 713-828-3030

35

RAILROADS


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about railroads. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion.


1. Name(s), including former names and nicknames2. Reason for building railroad3. Location

a. Brief description (including direction of travel) of projected route, including principal towns served by the road

b. Route as actually built, including direction and region or counties through which road ran and principal towns served by the road (if different from those projected)

c. Location of general office4. Date(s) of original charter and any recharter5. Significant individuals who chartered road or served as officers or on board of directors6. Construction history

a. Source of fundingb. Date construction beganc. Dates from point to pointd. Total mileagee. Important spurs or branches and their purpose

7. Financial/operational historya. Type of business done by the road (passenger, types of freight, etc.)b. Did the line operate at a profit?c. Valuation of the railroad, if available

8. Important projects or events of which the railroad was a part9. Final disposition of the railroad

a. Was the road abandoned?b. Was the road purchased by or merged with another line? (Include all subsequent

changes of ownership, names of corporate owners, and dates of acquisition, if available.)

c. Is the road still in operation?10. Bibliography and notes


Each entry in the Handbook appears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our contributors share our desire to adhere to the most rigorous scholarly standards, we have adopted the policy of checking all factual material to be included in the new edition. This means that we need specific footnotes, with complete publication information, and a photo copy of the cited source for all of the facts in an article . We regret the inconvenience which this causes, but only by this double check can we be assured that each

36

entry will be the credit to its author that we wish it to be. Furthermore, the extra effort will ultimately save our small staff hundreds of hours and will earn the heartfelt gratitude of our staff and volunteers.







Phone: 713-828-3030

37

RANCHING


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about Houston ranching. These should be considered as suggestions and not constraints. Explanations and descriptions may vary at the writer's discretion.


Entries generally fall into three categories: 1) overview articles providing a general summation of an industry such as trailing, packing, or feeding; 2) industry articles developing specific production areas such as cattle, mohair, sheep, and goats; and 3) individual entries relating to specific persons, animal breeds, ranches, and ranch-related enterprises, such as XIT Ranch, Capital Syndicate, Charles Goodnight, Longhorn cattle, and Fort Worth Stockyards.

Entries for specific ranches should be limited to those which meet one or more of the following criteria:

1. The ranch is historically important of its own accord to the ranching history of Texas/Houston.

2. The ranch existed for a significant length of time, i.e., more than 100 years.3. The ranch is of significant size, i.e., more than 100,000 acres.4. The ranch has inspired historical scholarship and literature.5. The ranch has made significant contributions to the ranching industry of Texas/Houston,

such as the production of special cattle breeds or techniques. 6. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

Suggested elements to be included in entries for specific ranches:1. Origin2. Location and size3. Management4. Ownership changes5. Special innovations6. Brands7. Breeds8. Contributions to industry9. Contributions to scholarship and literature

Each entry in the Handbook appears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. The documentation of every article, as well as its text, will become part of a permanent file to which scholars will have perpetual access. To those scholars of the future, our authors' sources of information will be important. For these reasons, and because we know that our contributors share our desire to keep errors to an absolute minimum, we have adopted the policy of checking all factual material to be included in the new edition. This means that we need specific footnotes, with complete publication information, and a photo copy of the cited source for all of the facts in an article. We regret the inconvenience which this causes, but only by this double check can we be assured that each entry will be the credit to its author that we wish it to be. Furthermore, the extra effort will ultimately save our small staff hundreds of hours and will earn the heartfelt gratitude of our staff and volunteers.

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RECREATIONAL PARKS


The following guidelines are intended to apply to articles about state, national, and other parks whose principal purpose is to provide recreation rather than to preserve natural or historical features. It is understood that these categories overlap, that parks existing to preserve natural beauty also have historic features, that historic structures and artifacts have always been determined in part by their natural contexts, and that both nature and history have recreational value. Nevertheless, the emphases of the different types of park are different enough that the Handbook editors deem separate guidelines necessary. We do not, however, wish by our categories to oversimplify the objective features of a subject. Although the principal purpose of a park may be to provide recreation, its historic associations and natural attractions will be important to a well-balanced treatment. With these qualifications made, it should further be realized that not every specification below applies to every park, though all of those that do apply should be discussed.


1. Location with relation to natural features (e.g., rivers) and man-made features (e.g., highways, structures, city development)

2. Size (land/water) in acres; shape3. Origin, significance, and changes of name4. History of ownership5. Principal movers in setting aside the land and establishing the park; date of establishment;

purpose of establishment6. Natural features: land, water, flora, fauna; geological features, age, method of formation7. Archeological features*8. Historic (and prehistoric) association; artifacts9. Facilities and recreation available: museums, nature trails, printed matter, campsites, stores,

motels, restaurants; fishing, hiking, biking, etc.10. Seasonal and other information for users of the park (e.g., when annual events/festivals take

place, when fishing is best, etc.)11. Development and growth of the park12. Users of the park: numbers, activities pursued13. Area principally served14. Nearby points of interest—metropolitan, historic, natural15. Any outstanding feature or attraction not suggested by the above16. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

*If a site is to be discussed principally in terms of its archeology, a writer should use our archeological sites guidelines.


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TOWNS AND VILLAGES

GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS TOHANDBOOK OF HOUSTON

The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing about towns, villages, and communities with populations less than 10,000. Not every item listed is necessarily applicable to every subject, and writers are encouraged to include information unique to their entries. The order of these items should generally follow the sequence outlined below, but may vary somewhat at the individual writer's discretion.


I. Location*a. County and location within the county

(e.g., northeast Harris County, central Harris County)*b. In reference to a well-known physical feature or metropolitan area (e.g., on the western

edge of Houston and south of U. S. Highway 90 or ten miles north of downtown Houston)

II. History and development*a. Circumstances and background of founding; reason for founding*b. Origin of name(s), if known*c. Causes of growth; principal economic activities*d. Important events*e. Causes of decline (if relevant)

III. Current status*a. Populationb. Business, commerce, and industry

IV. Bibliography and notes


*Items marked with an asterisk are to be included in all town and village articles.



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VERTEBRATE ANIMAL SPECIES


The following guidelines are intended for contributors writing entries on vertebrate animal species. Not all suggestions stated below are universally applicable. The writer should concentrate on those suggestions which pertain to the species in question, while describing atypical features of the individual subject. If there are aspects of species not covered here, the writer is encouraged to add them. Please place special emphasis upon the role of the species in the development of Texas/Houston or its special relationship to the Houston area.


1. Classification and nomenclature. Binomial, trinomial, and common names should follow the references given below.A. Fishes—A List of the Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States

and Canada (4th ed.), Amer. Fisheries Society, Spec. Publ. No. 12, 1980.B. Reptiles and amphibians—A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and

Central North America, 1975, by Roger Conant.C. Birds—Check-list of North American Birds (6th ed.), American Ornithologists' Union,

1983. For subspecies names, Check-list of the Birds of Texas, Texas Ornithological Society, 1974.

D. Mammals—The Mammals of North America, Vol. I & II, 1981, by E. R. Hall.—Revised Checklist of North American Mammals North of Mexico, 1982, by J. Knox Jones, et al.

2. Field marks or identifying characteristics3. Paleontological record in Texas/Houston4. Evolutionary relationships to similar Texas/Houston species5. Historical and present distribution6. Habitat or ecological area occupied7. Food and feeding behavior8. Courtship, mating, reproduction, and parental care of young9. Growth and development of young10. Plumages, pelages, and molts11. Vocalizations or other means of communication12. Migration or other movements13. Major predators14. Parasites and diseases15. Territory or home range16. Unusual aspects of anatomy, physiology, or behavior17. Historical and present economic significance18. Medical significance19. Legal status, i.e., protected or unprotected20. Mention or use in folklore, folk medicine, art, or aboriginal religion21. Efforts at propagation, stocking, or management22. For endangered or extinct species: conditions endangering the species; efforts toward

conservation; time and cause of extinction 23. Any images, recordings, or other media, as available and with media release form

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Documents

Web viewappears over the author's name. We believe that every article will be considered a standard source of information for decades. Because we know that our