1.fernandocerutti@darwin:~$ sudo apt-get install libnet-snmp-perl

[sudo] password for fernandocerutti: no talloc stackframe at ../source3/param/loadparm.c:4864, leaking memoryReading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree Reading state information... DoneThe following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libdbus-1-3:i386 libpng12-0:i386Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.Suggested packages: libcrypt-des-perlThe following NEW packages will be installed: libnet-snmp-perl0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1310 not upgraded.Need to get 107 kB of archives.After this operation, 464 kB of additional disk space will be used.Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy/main libnet-snmp-perl all 6.0.1-2 [107 kB]Fetched 107 kB in 1s (71.2 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libnet-snmp-perl.(Reading database ... 193524 files and directories currently installed.)Unpacking libnet-snmp-perl (from .../libnet-snmp-perl_6.0.1-2_all.deb) ...Processing triggers for man-db ...Setting up libnet-snmp-perl (6.0.1-2) ...

2.fernandocerutti@darwin:~$ perl -e 'use Net::SNMP;'

Testar se a porta UDP 161 abriu

3.fernandocerutti@darwin:~$ netstat -nau | moreActive Internet connections (servers and established)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:54202 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:19555 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10000 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 127.0.1.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.255:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.186:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.255:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.186:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* udp6 0 0 :::5353 :::*

udp6 0 0 :::40595 :::* udp6 0 0 :::59757 :::*

não abriu!

4. fernandocerutti@darwin:~$ sudo apt-get install snmp

Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree Reading state information... DoneThe following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libdbus-1-3:i386 libpng12-0:i386Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.The following NEW packages will be installed: snmp0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1310 not upgraded.Need to get 146 kB of archives.After this operation, 554 kB of additional disk space will be used.Get:1 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main snmp amd64 5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3 [146 kB]Fetched 146 kB in 4s (36.4 kB/s)Selecting previously unselected package snmp.(Reading database ... 193563 files and directories currently installed.)Unpacking snmp (from .../snmp_5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3_amd64.deb) ...Processing triggers for man-db ...Setting up snmp (5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3) ...-D[TOKEN[,...]] turn on debugging output for the specified TOKENs

(ALL gives extremely verbose debugging output)General options -m MIB[:...] load given list of MIBs (ALL loads everything) -M DIR[:...] look in given list of directories for MIBs (default: /home/fernandocerutti/.snmp/mibs:/usr/share/snmp/mibs:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/iana:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf:/usr/share/mibs/site:/usr/share/snmp/mibs:/usr/share/mibs/iana:/usr/share/mibs/ietf:/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp) -P MIBOPTS Toggle various defaults controlling MIB parsing:

u: allow the use of underlines in MIB symbols c: disallow the use of "--" to terminate comments d: save the DESCRIPTIONs of the MIB objects e: disable errors when MIB symbols conflict w: enable warnings when MIB symbols conflict W: enable detailed warnings when MIB symbols conflict R: replace MIB symbols from latest module

-O OUTOPTS Toggle various defaults controlling output display: 0: print leading 0 for single-digit hex characters a: print all strings in ascii format b: do not break OID indexes down

e: print enums numerically E: escape quotes in string indices f: print full OIDs on output n: print OIDs numerically q: quick print for easier parsing Q: quick print with equal-signs s: print only last symbolic element of OID S: print MIB module-id plus last element t: print timeticks unparsed as numeric integers T: print human-readable text along with hex strings u: print OIDs using UCD-style prefix suppression U: don't print units v: print values only (not OID = value) x: print all strings in hex format X: extended index format

-I INOPTS Toggle various defaults controlling input parsing: b: do best/regex matching to find a MIB node h: don't apply DISPLAY-HINTs r: do not check values for range/type legality R: do random access to OID labels u: top-level OIDs must have '.' prefix (UCD-style) s SUFFIX: Append all textual OIDs with SUFFIX before

parsing S PREFIX: Prepend all textual OIDs with PREFIX before

parsing -L LOGOPTS Toggle various defaults controlling logging:

e: log to standard error o: log to standard output n: don't log at all f file: log to the specified file s facility: log to syslog (via the specified facility)

(variants) [EON] pri: log to standard error, output or /dev/null for

level 'pri' and above [EON] p1-p2: log to standard error, output or /dev/null for

levels 'p1' to 'p2' [FS] pri token: log to file/syslog for level 'pri' and above [FS] p1-p2 token: log to file/syslog for levels 'p1' to 'p2'

-C APPOPTS Set various application specific behaviours: f: do not fix errors and retry the request

5. fernandocerutti@darwin:~$ su -6. root@darwin:/etc/snmp# snmpconf

The following installed configuration files were found:

1: ./snmp.conf 2: /etc/snmp/snmp.conf

Would you like me to read them in? Their content will be merged with theoutput files created by this session.

Valid answer examples: "all", "none","3","1,2,5"

Read in which (default = all): 1

I can create the following types of configuration files for you.Select the file type you wish to create:(you can create more than one as you run this program)

1: snmp.conf

Other options: quit

7. root@darwin:/usr/sbin# apt-get install snmpdReading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree Reading state information... DoneThe following NEW packages will be installed: snmpd0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1311 not upgraded.Need to get 73.3 kB of archives.After this operation, 232 kB of additional disk space will be used.Get:1 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main snmpd amd64 5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3 [73.3 kB]Fetched 73.3 kB in 1s (39.2 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ...Selecting previously unselected package snmpd.(Reading database ... 193620 files and directories currently installed.)Unpacking snmpd (from .../snmpd_5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3_amd64.deb) ...Processing triggers for ureadahead ...ureadahead will be reprofiled on next rebootProcessing triggers for man-db ...Setting up snmpd (5.7.2~dfsg-8.1ubuntu3) ...

Configuration file `/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf' ==> File on system created by you or by a script. ==> File also in package provided by package maintainer. What would you like to do about it ? Your options are: Y or I : install the package maintainer's version N or O : keep your currently-installed version D : show the differences between the versions Z : start a shell to examine the situation The default action is to keep your current version.*** snmpd.conf (Y/I/N/O/D/Z) [default=N] ? update-rc.d: warning: stop runlevel arguments (1) do not match snmpd Default-Stop values (0 1 6)

* Starting network management services: Processing triggers for ureadahead ...root@darwin:/usr/sbin#

verificar abertura da porta UDP 161:8. root@darwin:/usr/sbin# netstat -nau

Active Internet connections (servers and established)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:54202 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10000 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:57390 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 127.0.1.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.255:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.186:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.255:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 172.16.193.186:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* udp6 0 0 :::5353 :::* udp6 0 0 :::28085 :::* udp6 0 0 :::59757 :::*

9. sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader

At that point you must edit /etc/snmp/snmp.conf and comment out the one uncommented line.

# # As the snmp packages come without MIB files due to license reasons, loading # of MIBs is disabled by default. If you added the MIBs you can reenable # loaging them by commenting out the following line. mibs :

Lastly, you will need to edit the /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf file that restricts you to only the system mib.

rocommunity public default -V systemonly

becomes

rocommunity public 172.16.0.0/20

Or whatever is appropriate for your environment.

MIB HANDLING

mibdirs DIRLIST specifies a list of directories to search for MIB files. This operates in the same way as the -M option - see snmpcmd (1) for details. Note that this value can be overridden by the MIBDIRS environment variable, and the -M option. mibs MIBLIST specifies a list of MIB modules (not files) that should be loaded. This operates in the same way as the -m option - see snmpcmd (1) for details. Note that this list can be overridden by the MIBS environment variable, and the -m option. mibfile FILE specifies a (single) MIB file to load, in addition to the list read from the mibs token (or equivalent configuration). Note that this value can be overridden by the MIBFILES environment variable. showMibErrors (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether to display MIB parsing errors. strictCommentTerm (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether MIB parsing should be strict about comment termination. Many MIB writers assume that ASN.1 comments extend to the end of the text line, rather than being terminated by the next "--" token. This token can be used to accept such (strictly incorrect) MIBs. Note that this directive is poorly named, since a value of "true" will turn off the strict interpretation of MIB comments. mibAllowUnderline (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether to allow underline characters in MIB object names and enumeration values. This token can be used to accept such (strictly incorrect) MIBs. mibWarningLevel INTEGER the minimum warning level of the warnings printed by the MIB parser.

OUTPUT CONFIGURATION

logTimestamp (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Whether the commands should log timestamps with their error/message logging or not. Note that output will not look as pretty with timestamps if the source code that is doing the logging does incremental logging of messages that are not line buffered before being passed to the logging routines. This option is only used when file logging is active. printNumericEnums (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Oe. printNumericOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -On. dontBreakdownOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ob. escapeQuotes (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OE. quickPrinting (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Oq. printValueOnly (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ov. dontPrintUnits (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OU. numericTimeticks (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ot. printHexText (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OT. hexOutputLength integer Specifies where to break up the output of hexadecimal strings. Set to 0 to disable line breaks. Defaults to 16. suffixPrinting (0|1|2) The value 1 is equivalent to -Os and the value 2 is equivalent to -OS. oidOutputFormat (1|2|3|4|5|6) Maps -O options as follow: -Os=1, -OS=2, -Of=3, -On=4, -Ou=5. The value 6 has no matching -O option. It suppresses output. extendedIndex (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OX. noDisplayHint (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Disables the use of DISPLAY-HINT information when parsing indices and values to set. Equivalent to -Ih.

FILES

/etc/snmp/snmp.conf, /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf - common configuration settings Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. - user-specific configuration settings

SEE ALSO

MIB HANDLING

mibdirs DIRLIST specifies a list of directories to search for MIB files. This operates in the same way as the -M option - see snmpcmd (1) for details. Note that this value can be overridden by the MIBDIRS environment variable, and the -M option. mibs MIBLIST specifies a list of MIB modules (not files) that should be loaded. This operates in the same way as the -m option - see snmpcmd (1) for details. Note that this list can be overridden by the MIBS environment variable, and the -m option. mibfile FILE specifies a (single) MIB file to load, in addition to the list read from the mibs token (or equivalent configuration). Note that this value can be overridden by the MIBFILES environment variable. showMibErrors (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether to display MIB parsing errors. strictCommentTerm (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether MIB parsing should be strict about comment termination. Many MIB writers assume that ASN.1 comments extend to the end of the text line, rather than being terminated by the next "--" token. This token can be used to accept such (strictly incorrect) MIBs. Note that this directive is poorly named, since a value of "true" will turn off the strict interpretation of MIB comments. mibAllowUnderline (1|yes|true|0|no|false) whether to allow underline characters in MIB object names and enumeration values. This token can be used to accept such (strictly incorrect) MIBs. mibWarningLevel INTEGER the minimum warning level of the warnings printed by the MIB parser.

OUTPUT CONFIGURATION

logTimestamp (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Whether the commands should log timestamps with their error/message logging or not. Note that output will not look as pretty with timestamps if the source code that is doing the logging does incremental logging of messages that are not line buffered before being passed to the logging routines. This option is only used when file logging is active. printNumericEnums (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Oe. printNumericOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -On. dontBreakdownOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ob. escapeQuotes (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OE. quickPrinting (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Oq. printValueOnly (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ov. dontPrintUnits (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OU. numericTimeticks (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -Ot. printHexText (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OT. hexOutputLength integer

Specifies where to break up the output of hexadecimal strings. Set to 0 to disable line breaks. Defaults to 16. suffixPrinting (0|1|2) The value 1 is equivalent to -Os and the value 2 is equivalent to -OS. oidOutputFormat (1|2|3|4|5|6) Maps -O options as follow: -Os=1, -OS=2, -Of=3, -On=4, -Ou=5. The value 6 has no matching -O option. It suppresses output. extendedIndex (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Equivalent to -OX. noDisplayHint (1|yes|true|0|no|false) Disables the use of DISPLAY-HINT information when parsing indices and values to set. Equivalent to -Ih.

FILES

/etc/snmp/snmp.conf, /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf - common configuration settings Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. - user-specific configuration settings

SEE ALSO

NAME

snmpcmd - options and behaviour common to most of the Net-SNMP command- line tools

SYNOPSIS

snmpcmd [OPTIONS] AGENT [PARAMETERS]

DESCRIPTION

This manual page describes the common options for the SNMP commands: snmpbulkget, snmpbulkwalk, snmpdelta, snmpget, snmpgetnext, snmpnetstat, snmpset, snmpstatus, snmptable, snmptest, snmptrap, snmpdf, snmpusm , snmpwalk . The command line applications use the SNMP protocol to communicate with an SNMP capable network entity, an agent. Individual applications typically (but not necessarily) take additional parameters that are given after the agent specification. These parameters are documented in the manual pages for each application.

OPTIONS

-3[MmKk] 0xHEXKEY Sets the keys to be used for SNMPv3 transactions. These options allow you to set the master authentication and encryption keys (-3m and -3M respectively) or set the localized authentication and encryption keys (-3k and -3K respectively). SNMPv3 keys can be either passed in by hand using these flags, or by the use of keys generated from passwords using the -A and -X flags discussed below. For further details on SNMPv3 and its usage of keying information, see the Net-SNMP tutorial web site ( http://www.Net-SNMP.org/tutorial-5/commands/ ). Overrides the defAuthMasterKey (-3m), defPrivMasterKey (-3M), defAuthLocalizedKey (-3k) or defPrivLocalizedKey (-3K) tokens, respectively, in the snmp.conf file, see snmp.conf (5). -a

authProtocol Set the authentication protocol (MD5 or SHA) used for authenticated SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defAuthType token in the snmp.conf file. -A authPassword Set the authentication pass phrase used for authenticated SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defAuthPassphrase token in the snmp.conf file. It is insecure to specify pass phrases on the command line, see snmp.conf (5). -c community Set the community string for SNMPv1/v2c transactions. Overrides the defCommunity token in the snmp.conf file. -d Dump (in hexadecimal) the raw SNMP packets sent and received. -D TOKEN[,...] Turn on debugging output for the given TOKEN(s). Try ALL for extremely verbose output. -e engineID Set the authoritative (security) engineID used for SNMPv3 REQUEST messages. It is typically not necessary to specify this, as it will usually be discovered automatically. -E engineID Set the context engineID used for SNMPv3 REQUEST messages scopedPdu. If not specified, this will default to the authoritative engineID. -h, --help Display a brief usage message and then exit. -H Display a list of configuration file directives understood by the command and then exit. -I [brRhu] Specifies input parsing options. See INPUT OPTIONS below. -l secLevel Set the securityLevel used for SNMPv3 messages (noAuthNoPriv|authNoPriv|authPriv). Appropriate pass phrase(s) must provided when using any level higher than noAuthNoPriv. Overrides the defSecurityLevel token in the snmp.conf file. -L [eEfFoOsS] Specifies output logging options. See LOGGING OPTIONS below. -m MIBLIST Specifies a colon separated list of MIB modules (not files) to load for this application. This overrides (or augments) the environment variable MIBS, the snmp.conf directive mibs, and the list of MIBs hardcoded into the Net-SNMP library. If MIBLIST has a leading ’-’ or ’+’ character, then the MIB modules listed are loaded in addition to the default list, coming before or after this list respectively. Otherwise, the specified MIBs are loaded instead of this default list. The special keyword ALL is used to load all MIB modules in the MIB directory search list. Every file whose name does not begin with "." will be parsed as if it were a MIB file. -M DIRLIST Specifies a colon separated list of directories to search for MIBs. This overrides (or augments) the environment variable MIBDIRS, the snmp.conf directive mibdirs, and the default directory hardcoded into the Net-SNMP library (/usr/share/snmp/mibs). If DIRLIST has a leading ’-’ or ’+’ character, then the given directories are added to the default list, being searched before or after the directories on this list respectively. Otherwise, the specified directories are searched instead of this default list. Note that the directories appearing later in the list have have precedence over earlier ones. To avoid searching any MIB directories, set the MIBDIRS environment variable to the empty string (""). Note that MIBs specified using the -m option or the mibs configuration directive will be loaded from one of the directories listed by the -M option (or equivalents). The mibfile directive takes a full path to the specified MIB file, so this does not need to be in the MIB directory search list. -n contextName Set the contextName used for SNMPv3 messages. The default contextName is the empty string

"". Overrides the defContext token in the snmp.conf file. -O [abeEfnqQsStTuUvxX] Specifies output printing options. See OUTPUT OPTIONS below. -P [cdeRuwW] Specifies MIB parsing options. See MIB PARSING OPTIONS below. -r retries Specifies the number of retries to be used in the requests. The default is 5. -t timeout Specifies the timeout in seconds between retries. The default is 1. -u secName Set the securityName used for authenticated SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defSecurityName token in the snmp.conf file. -v 1 | 2c | 3 Specifies the protocol version to use: 1 (RFCs 1155-1157), 2c (RFCs 1901-1908), or 3 (RFCs 2571-2574). The default is typically version 3. Overrides the defVersion token in the snmp.conf file. -V, --version Display version information for the application and then exit. -x privProtocol Set the privacy protocol (DES or AES) used for encrypted SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defPrivType token in the snmp.conf file. This option is only valid if the Net-SNMP software was build to use OpenSSL. -X privPassword Set the privacy pass phrase used for encrypted SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defPrivPassphrase token in the snmp.conf file. It is insecure to specify pass phrases on the command line, see snmp.conf (5). -Z boots,time Set the engineBoots and engineTime used for authenticated SNMPv3 messages. This will initialize the local notion of the agents boots/time with an authenticated value stored in the LCD. It is typically not necessary to specify this option, as these values will usually be discovered automatically. -Yname="value" --name="value" Allows to specify any token ("name") supported in the snmp.conf file and sets its value to "value". Overrides the corresponding token in the snmp.conf file. See snmp.conf (5) for the full list of tokens.

AGENT SPECIFICATION

The string AGENT in the SYNOPSIS above specifies the remote SNMP entity with which to communicate. This specification takes the form: [<transport-specifier>:]<transport-address> At its simplest, the AGENT specification may consist of a hostname, or an IPv4 address in the standard "dotted quad" notation. In this case, communication will be attempted using UDP/IPv4 to port 161 of the given host. Otherwise, the <transport-address> part of the specification is parsed according to the following table: <transport-specifier> <transport-address> format udp hostname[:port] or IPv4-address[:port] tcp hostname[:port] or IPv4-address[:port] unix pathname ipx [network]:node[/port] aal5pvc or pvc [interface.][VPI.]VCI udp6 or udpv6 or udpipv6 hostname[:port] or IPv6-address:port or ’[’IPv6-address’]’[:port] tcp6 or tcpv6 or tcpipv6 hostname[:port] or IPv6-address:port or ’[’IPv6-address’]’[:port] Note that <transport-specifier> strings are case-insensitive so that, for example, "tcp" and "TCP" are equivalent. Here are some examples, along with their interpretation: hostname:161 perform query using UDP/IPv4 datagrams to

hostname on port 161. The ":161" is redundant here since that is the default SNMP port in any case. udp:hostname identical to the previous specification. The "udp:" is redundant here since UDP/IPv4 is the default transport. TCP:hostname:1161 connect to hostname on port 1161 using TCP/IPv4 and perform query over that connection. ipx::00D0B7AAE308 perform query using IPX datagrams to node number 00D0B7AAE308 on the default network, and using the default IPX port of 36879 (900F hexadecimal), as suggested in RFC 1906. ipx:0AE43409:00D0B721C6C0/1161 perform query using IPX datagrams to port 1161 on node number 00D0B721C6C0 on network number 0AE43409. unix:/tmp/local-agent connect to the Unix domain socket /tmp/local- agent, and perform the query over that connection. /tmp/local-agent identical to the previous specification, since the Unix domain is the default transport iff the first character of the <transport-address> is a ’/’. AAL5PVC:100 perform the query using AAL5 PDUs sent on the permanent virtual circuit with VPI=0 and VCI=100 (decimal) on the first ATM adapter in the machine. PVC:1.10.32 perform the query using AAL5 PDUs sent on the permanent virtual circuit with VPI=10 (decimal) and VCI=32 (decimal) on the second ATM adapter in the machine. Note that "PVC" is a synonym for "AAL5PVC". udp6:hostname:10161 perform the query using UDP/IPv6 datagrams to port 10161 on hostname (which will be looked up as an AAAA record). UDP6:[fe80::2d0:b7ff:fe21:c6c0] perform the query using UDP/IPv6 datagrams to port 161 at address fe80::2d0:b7ff:fe21:c6c0. tcpipv6:[::1]:1611 connect to port 1611 on the local host (::1 in IPv6 parlance) using TCP/IPv6 and perform query over that connection. Note that not all the transport domains listed above will always be available; for instance, hosts with no IPv6 support will not be able to use udp6 transport addresses, and attempts to do so will result in the error "Unknown host". Likewise, since AAL5 PVC support is only currently available on Linux, it will fail with the same error on other platforms.

MIB PARSING OPTIONS

The Net-SNMP MIB parser mostly adheres to the Structure of Management Information (SMI). As that specification has changed through time, and in recognition of the (ahem) diversity in compliance expressed in MIB files, additional options provide more flexibility in reading MIB files. -Pc Toggles whether ASN.1 comments should extend to the end of the MIB source line. Strictly speaking, a second appearance of "--" should terminate the comment, but this breaks some MIB files. The default behaviour (to interpret comments correctly) can also be set with the (misnamed) configuration token

strictCommentTerm. -Pd Disables the loading of MIB object DESCRIPTIONs when parsing MIB files. This reduces the amount of memory used by the running application. -Pe Toggles whether to show errors encountered when parsing MIB files. These include references to IMPORTed modules and MIB objects that cannot be located in the MIB directory search list. The default behaviour can also be set with the configuration token showMibErrors. -PR If the same MIB object (parent name and sub-identifier) appears multiple times in the list of MIB definitions loaded, use the last version to be read in. By default, the first version will be used, and any duplicates discarded. This behaviour can also be set with the configuration token mibReplaceWithLatest. Such ordering is normally only relevant if there are two MIB files with conflicting object definitions for the same OID (or different revisions of the same basic MIB object). -Pu Toggles whether to allow the underline character in MIB object names and other symbols. Strictly speaking, this is not valid SMI syntax, but some vendor MIB files define such names. The default behaviour can also be set with the configuration token mibAllowUnderline. -Pw Show various warning messages in parsing MIB files and building the overall OID tree. This can also be set with the configuration directive mibWarningLevel 1 -PW Show some additional warning messages, mostly relating to parsing individual MIB objects. This can also be set with the configuration directive mibWarningLevel 2

OUTPUT OPTIONS

The format of the output from SNMP commands can be controlled using various parameters of the -O flag. The effects of these sub-options can be seen by comparison with the following default output (unless otherwise specified): $ snmpget -c public -v 1 localhost sysUpTime.0 SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 -Oa Display string values as ASCII strings (unless there is a DISPLAY-HINT defined for the corresponding MIB object). By default, the library attempts to determine whether the value is a printable or binary string, and displays it accordingly. This option does not affect objects that do have a Display Hint. -Ob Display table indexes numerically, rather than trying to interpret the instance subidentifiers as string or OID values: $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost vacmSecurityModel SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0."wes" = xxx $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -Ob localhost vacmSecurityModel SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0.3.119.101.115 = xxx -Oe Removes the symbolic labels from enumeration values: $ snmpget -c public -v 1 localhost ipForwarding.0 IP-MIB::ipForwarding.0 = INTEGER: forwarding(1) $ snmpget -c public -v 1 -Oe localhost ipForwarding.0 IP-MIB::ipForwarding.0 = INTEGER: 1 -OE Modifies index strings to escape the quote characters: $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost vacmSecurityModel SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0."wes" = xxx $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -OE localhost vacmSecurityModel SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0.\"wes\" = xxx

This allows the output to be reused in shell commands. -Of Include the full list of MIB objects when displaying an OID: .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 -On Displays the OID numerically: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 -Oq Removes the equal sign and type information when displaying varbind values: SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 1:15:09:27.63 -OQ Removes the type information when displaying varbind values: SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = 1:15:09:27.63 -Os Display the MIB object name (plus any instance or other subidentifiers): sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 -OS Display the name of the MIB, as well as the object name: SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 This is the default OID output format. -Ot Display TimeTicks values as raw numbers: SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = 14096763 -OT If values are printed as Hex strings, display a printable version as well. -Ou Display the OID in the traditional UCD-style (inherited from the original CMU code). That means removing a series of "standard" prefixes from the OID, and displaying the remaining list of MIB object names (plus any other subidentifiers): system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63 -OU Do not print the UNITS suffix at the end of the value. -Ov Display the varbind value only, not the OID: $ snmpget -c public -v 1 -Ov localhost ipForwarding.0 INTEGER: forwarding(1) -Ox Display string values as Hex strings (unless there is a DISPLAY- HINT defined for the corresponding MIB object). By default, the library attempts to determine whether the value is a printable or binary string, and displays it accordingly. This option does not affect objects that do have a Display Hint. -OX Display table indexes in a more "program like" output, imitating a traditional array-style index format: $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost ipv6RouteTable IPv6-MIB::ipv6RouteIfIndex.63.254.1.0.255.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.64.1 = INTEGER: 2 $ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -OE localhost ipv6RouteTable IPv6-MIB::ipv6RouteIfIndex[3ffe:100:ff00:0:0:0:0:0][64][1] = INTEGER: 2 Most of these options can also be configured via configuration tokens. See the snmp.conf (5) manual page for details.

LOGGING OPTIONS

The mechanism and destination to use for logging of warning and error messages can be controlled by passing various parameters to the -L flag. -Le Log messages to the standard error stream. -Lf FILE Log messages to the specified file. -Lo Log messages to the standard output stream. -Ls FACILITY Log messages via syslog, using the specified facility (’d’ for LOG_DAEMON, ’u’ for LOG_USER, or ’0’-’7’ for LOG_LOCAL0 through LOG_LOCAL7). There are also "upper case" versions of each of these options, which allow the corresponding logging mechanism to be restricted to certain priorities of message. Using standard error logging as an example: -LE pri will log messages of priority ’pri’ and above to standard error.

-LE p1-p2 will log messages with priority between ’p1’ and ’p2’ (inclusive) to standard error. For -LF and -LS the priority specification comes before the file or facility token. The priorities recognised are: 0 or ! for LOG_EMERG, 1 or a for LOG_ALERT, 2 or c for LOG_CRIT, 3 or e for LOG_ERR, 4 or w for LOG_WARNING, 5 or n for LOG_NOTICE, 6 or i for LOG_INFO, and 7 or d for LOG_DEBUG. Normal output is (or will be!) logged at a priority level of LOG_NOTICE

INPUT OPTIONS

The interpretation of input object names and the values to be assigned can be controlled using various parameters of the -I flag. The default behaviour will be described at the end of this section. -Ib specifies that the given name should be regarded as a regular expression, to match (case-insensitively) against object names in the MIB tree. The "best" match will be used - calculated as the one that matches the closest to the beginning of the node name and the highest in the tree. For example, the MIB object vacmSecurityModel could be matched by the expression vacmsecuritymodel (full name, but different case), or vacm.*model (regexp pattern). Note that ’.’ is a special character in regular expression patterns, so the expression cannot specify instance subidentifiers or more than one object name. A "best match" expression will only be applied against single MIB object names. For example, the expression sys*ontact.0 would not match the instance sysContact.0 (although sys*ontact would match sysContact). Similarly, specifying a MIB module name will not succeed (so SNMPv2-MIB::sys.*ontact would not match either). -Ih disables the use of DISPLAY-HINT information when assigning values. This would then require providing the raw value: snmpset ... HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSystemData.0 x "07 D2 0C 0A 02 04 06 08" instead of a formatted version: snmpset ... HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSystemDate.0 = 2002-12-10,2:4:6.8 -Ir disables checking table indexes and the value to be assigned against the relevant MIB definitions. This will (hopefully) result in the remote agent reporting an invalid request, rather than checking (and rejecting) this before it is sent to the remote agent. Local checks are more efficient (and the diagnostics provided also tend to be more precise), but disabling this behaviour is particularly useful when testing the remote agent. -IR enables "random access" lookup of MIB names. Rather than providing a full OID path to the desired MIB object (or qualifying this object with an explicit MIB module name), the MIB tree will be searched for the matching object name. Thus .iso.org.dod.internet.mib-2.system.sysDescr.0 (or SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0) can be specified simply as sysDescr.0. Warning: Since MIB object names are not globally unique, this approach may return a different MIB object depending on which MIB files have been loaded. The MIB-MODULE::objectName syntax has the advantage of uniquely identifying a particular MIB object, as well as being slightly more

efficient (and automatically loading the necessary MIB file if necessary). -Is SUFFIX adds the specified suffix to each textual OID given on the command line. This can be used to retrieve multiple objects from the same row of a table, by specifying a common index value. -IS PREFIX adds the specified prefix to each textual OID given on the command line. This can be used to specify an explicit MIB module name for all objects being retrieved (or for incurably lazy typists). -Iu enables the traditional UCD-style approach to interpreting input OIDs. This assumes that OIDs are rooted at the ’mib-2’ point in the tree (unless they start with an explicit ’.’ or include a MIB module name). So the sysDescr instance above would be referenced as system.sysDescr.0. Object names specified with a leading ’.’ are always interpreted as "fully qualified" OIDs, listing the sequence of MIB objects from the root of the MIB tree. Such objects and those qualified by an explicit MIB module name are unaffected by the -Ib, -IR and -Iu flags. Otherwise, if none of the above input options are specified, the default behaviour for a "relative" OID is to try and interpret it as an (implicitly) fully qualified OID, then apply "random access" lookup (-IR), followed by "best match" pattern matching (-Ib).

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

PREFIX The standard prefix for object identifiers (when using UCD-style output). Defaults to .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 MIBS The list of MIBs to load. Defaults to SNMPv2-TC:SNMPv2-MIB:IF- MIB:IP-MIB:TCP-MIB:UDP-MIB:SNMP-VACM-MIB. Overridden by the -m option. MIBDIRS The list of directories to search for MIBs. Defaults to /usr/share/snmp/mibs. Overridden by the -M option.

FILES

/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf Agent configuration file. See snmpd.conf (5) . /etc/snmp/snmp.conf Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. Application configuration files. See snmp.conf (5) .

NAME

snmpget - communicates with a network entity using SNMP GET requests

SYNOPSIS

snmpget [COMMON OPTIONS] [-Cf] OID [OID]...

DESCRIPTION

snmpget is an SNMP application that uses the SNMP GET request to query for information on a network entity. One or more object identifiers (OIDs) may be given as arguments on the command line. Each variable name is given in the format specified in variables (5) .

OPTIONS

-Cf If -Cf is not specified, some applications (snmpdelta, snmpget, snmpgetnext and snmpstatus) will try to fix errors returned by the agent that you were talking to and resend the request. The only time this is really useful is if you specified a OID that didn’t exist in your request and you’re using SNMPv1 which requires "all or nothing" kinds of requests. In addition to this option, snmpget REQUIRES options and agent arguments, as described in the snmpcmd (1) manual page.

EXAMPLES

The command: snmpget -c public zeus system.sysDescr.0 will retrieve the variable system.sysDescr.0 from the host zeus using the community string public : system.sysDescr.0 = "SunOS zeus.net.cmu.edu 4.1.3_U1 1 sun4m" If the network entity has an error processing the request packet, an error packet will be returned and a message will be shown, helping to pinpoint in what way the request was malformed. If there were other variables in the request, the request will be resent without the bad variable. Here is another example. The -c and -v options are defined in the snmpcmd (1) manual page. (Note that system.sysUpTime is an incomplete OID, as it needs the .0 index appended to it): snmpget -v1 -Cf -c public localhost system.sysUpTime system.sysContact.0 This example will return the following: Error in packet Reason: (noSuchName) There is no such variable name in this MIB. This name doesn’t exist: system.sysUpTime Similarly, the command: snmpget -v1 -c public localhost system.sysUpTime system.sysContact.0 Will return: Error in packet Reason: (noSuchName) There is no such variable name in this MIB. This name doesn’t exist: system.sysUpTime system.sysContact.0 = STRING: root@localhost With the -Cf flag specified the application will not try to fix the PDU for you.

NAME

variables - Format of specifying variable names to SNMP tools.

SYNOPSIS

system.sysdescr.0

DESCRIPTION

Variable names are in the format of Object Identifiers (ASN.1). There are several methods of representation. Each variable name is given in the format of A.B.C.D..., where A, B, C, and D are subidentifiers in one of two forms of notation. Each subidentifier may be encoded as a decimal integer, or a symbol as found in the RFC1066 MIB. The case of the symbols is not significant. If there is no leading "." in the variable name, the name will be formed as if having been preceded with "iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib.". A "." must be placed before the first variable if the user is to fully specify the name. For example: 1.1.0 system.sysDescr.0 and 1.sysDescr.0 all refer to the same variable name. Likewise: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib.system.sysdescr.0 .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.sysdescr.0 All refer to the same variable name. The description of the variables in the MIB is given in the set of MIB files defined by the MIBS environment variable (or the default list defined at compilation time) and the MIB files in the /usr/share/snmp/mibs directory (or the MIBDIRS environment variable).

SEE ALSO

RFC 1065, RFC 1066, RFC 1067, ISO IS 8824(ASN.1)

BUGS

The parser of the MIB files file is not expected to handle bizarre (although correct) interpretations of the ASN.1 notation.

o name o synopsis o description o options o example o see also

karmic (1) snmpwalk.1.gzProvided by: snmp_5.4.1~dfsg-12ubuntu7_i386

NAME

snmpwalk - retrieve a subtree of management values using SNMP GETNEXT requests

SYNOPSIS

snmpwalk [APPLICATION OPTIONS] [COMMON OPTIONS] [OID]

DESCRIPTION

snmpwalk is an SNMP application that uses SNMP GETNEXT requests to query a network entity for a tree of information. An object identifier (OID) may be given on the command line. This OID specifies which portion of the object identifier space will be searched using GETNEXT requests. All variables in the subtree below the given OID are queried and their values presented to the user. Each variable name is given in the format specified in variables (5) . If no OID argument is present, snmpwalk will search the subtree rooted at SNMPv2-SMI::mib-2 (including any MIB object values from other MIB modules, that are defined as lying within this subtree). If the network entity has an error processing the request packet, an error packet will be returned and a message will be shown, helping to pinpoint why the request was malformed. If the tree search causes attempts to search beyond the end of the MIB, the message "End of MIB" will be displayed.

OPTIONS

-Cc Do not check whether the returned OIDs are increasing. Some agents (LaserJets are an example) return OIDs out of order, but can complete the walk anyway. Other agents return OIDs that are out of order and can cause snmpwalk to loop indefinitely. By default, snmpwalk tries to detect this behavior and warns you when it hits an agent acting illegally. Use -Cc to turn off this check. -Ci Include the given OID in the search range. Normally snmpwalk uses GETNEXT requests starting with the OID you specified and returns all results in the MIB subtree rooted at that OID. Sometimes, you may wish to include the OID specified on the command line in the printed results if it is a valid OID in the tree itself. This option lets you do this explicitly. -CI In fact, the given OID will be retrieved automatically if the main subtree walk returns no useable values. This allows a walk of a single instance to behave as generally expected, and return the specified instance value. This option turns off this final GET request, so a walk of a single instance will return nothing. -Cp Upon completion of the walk, print the number of variables found. -Ct Upon completion of the walk, print the total wall-clock time it took to collect the data (in seconds). Note that the timer is started just before the beginning of the data request series and stopped just after it finishes. Most importantly, this means that it does not include snmp library initialization, shutdown, argument processing, and any other overhead. In addition to these options, snmpwalk takes the common options described in the snmpcmd (1) manual page.

EXAMPLE

The command: snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 zeus system will retrieve all of the variables under system: sysDescr.0 = STRING: "SunOS zeus.net.cmu.edu 4.1.3_U1 1 sun4m" sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.hp.nm.hpsystem.10.1.1 sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (155274552) 17 days, 23:19:05

sysContact.0 = STRING: "" sysName.0 = STRING: "zeus.net.cmu.edu" sysLocation.0 = STRING: "" sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 72