Wednesday 1/25/12RAP

Please read the Story teller on page 478 and answer the historical significance to the best of your knowledge.

Today:SWBAT describe the motives for some countries to imperialize the world by reading and analyzing information and creating an illustration of the four main motives.

Title: Ch. 16.1 Pressures for Expansion

Please answer the questions in your notes as we and you read this section.

1. AS a class we will read the introduction to imperialism.

1. What is imperialism?

2. As you read the rest of Ch. 16.1 please list reasons for imperialism.

3. Look at the political cartoon on page 481—answer the question below it.

4. What is “the White Man’s Burden”?5. We will take notes and create a four square in 20

minutes.

Notes on Expansionism--imperialism• IMPERIALISM- means one country’s

domination of the political, economic, and social life of another country.

• Chief goals of Western Empires were– Exploit the natural resources of these lands– Open up markets for their own manufactured

goods.

• Justification: bringing the blessings of western civilizations to their colonial subjects.

Reasons for imperialism• Political Rivalries- Countries started to

scramble for new territories and resources.

• New Markets -The Industrial Revolution led to the desire for new markets for their materials and more raw resources were needed to feed the growth. – Africa-rubber, copper, and gold– India-cotton and jute.– Also, bananas, oranges, melons, and other

exotic fruits made their way to European markets.

• New Opportunities- Great Britain, France, and Germany needed citizens from their countries to run the newly acquired territories. – Economic –new markets, raw resources– Political – power, money

• “Civilizing” Mission- Religious and humanitarian issues inspired many individuals to leave their homes for distant lands.– Catholic and Protestant missionaries set out to civilize and

convert Africans and Indians.– Social Darwinism was a theory of cultural superiority.

Social Darwinists believed that white Europeans were the “fittest” people in the world and that they had a duty to spread Western ideas to “backward” peoples.

• Famous poem by Rudyard Kipling—“The White Man’s Burden”—it was addressed to the U.S. to send their sons to civilize the rest of the world—the half –devil and half child of different cultures.

Forms of Imperialism-

– Colony – a territory that an imperial power ruled directly through colonial officials.

– Protectorate- had its own government, but its policies were guided by a foreign power.

– Sphere of influence- a region in which the imperial power had exclusive investment or trading rights.

• 4 Motivations for New Imperialism – Economic – new markets, raw resources– Desire for political power– New Opportunities – colonize, explore, riches – Sense of racial superiority; “White Man’s Burden”

moral responsibility to civilize primitive people.

• Asia & Africa – source of raw materials and a market for western manufactured goods.

• Europeans NEEDED- Oil, Tin and Rubber to fuel European industries.

• Indirect Rule- colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status.

• Benefits-– Easier to gain access to the region’s natural

resources– Lowered the cost of government because fewer

officials had to be trained.– Had less effect on local culture.– If local elites resisted foreign conquest then:

• Direct Rule- Colonial government in which local elites are REMOVED from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the mother country.– Colonial powers did not want their colonists to develop

their own industries.– Colonial policy stressed the export of raw materials.– Peasants worked for poverty level wages to keep the

owner’s profits high.– Government kept taxes high yet wages low.– Did have some benefits:– Helped to create an entrepreneurial class in rural

areas. In Dutch East Indies small growers of rubber, palm oil, coffee, tea and spices began to share in the profits of the colonial enterprise. Most profits went back to colonial mother country.

– Colonial governments built railroads, highways and other structures that could benefit native people as well as colonies.

• **Do you think imperialism led to progress? Why or why not? **

• **CREATE four square picture notes of motives: – Economic-new markets, new resources– desire for political power– New opportunities– sense of racial superiority; social darwinism;

“White man’s burden” moral responsibility to civilize primitive people.