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C#4.0Week 1: Introduce
➤What is the .NET Framework ? CLR, MSIL,IL,FLC Garbage collection Namespace
➤ What C# is and how it relates to the .NET Framework
C#4.0
WHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK?
Microsoft’s modern software development platform
Programs executed by Common Language Runtime (CLR)
FLC(Framework class library) Includes a large library of components (classes) which can be used in programs
Supports several programming languages, including C#, Visual Basic, C++, J#
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 2
C#4.0
.NET Framework
4
.NET 1.1 (Apr-2003)VS .NET 2003Default: Server 2003
.NET 3.5 (Nov-2007)VS.NET 2008Default: Windows 7
.NET 3.0 (Nov-2006)Default: Windows Vista, Server 2008
.NET 2.0 (Nov-2005)VS.NET 2005
.NET 1.0 (Feb-2002)
.NET 4.0 (2010)VS.NET 2010Default: Windows 7
C#4.0
Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework
CLR: Common Language Runtime MSIL or IL: Microsoft Intermediate Language JIT: just-In-Time compiler Assemblies Managed Code Garbage Collection
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 5
C#4.0
.NET Framework -CLR
Common Language Runtime Architecture
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 6
C#4.0
Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework
7
MS ILCLR
C++ Compiler
C# Compiler
J# .NET Compiler
CT C#.NET
CT VB.NET
CT C++.NET
CT J#.NET
VB .NET Compiler
1011010
1011010
1011010
Programmer
C#4.0
Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 8
C#4.0
Assembly
Managed Modules Chứa IL code để thực thi
Chứa resource, metadata… Portable Executable (PE)
Process assembly (EXE) Library assembly (DLL)
9
.NET Assembly
DLL
EXE
C#4.0
Managed Code
Software that is written using the .NET Framework is called Managed
10
Windows(OS khác)
Legacy Software(unmanaged code)
Common Language Runtime
Managed Executable
C#4.0
Garbage collection
11
class myClass{ void Method(){ variable v1; variable v2; do{
…. }}
B
EC
A
D
Managed Heap
A và D sẽ bị xoá do ko còn tham chiếu hay truy cập tới
C#4.0
Namespaces
Namespaces are also used as a means of categorizing items in the .NET Framework
Qualified names use period characters (.) between namespace levels
Within a namespace, you can define nested namespaces, also using the namespace keyword.
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 12
C#4.0
14
Namespace Description
System Chứa lớp toán học, chuyển đổi dữ liệu
System.IO Các lớp cho thao tác Input và Output
System.Net Các lớp liên quan đến network protocol
System.Collections Chức các lớp liên quan đến xử lý tập hợp
System.Data Các lớp của ADO.NET
System.Drawing Các lớp thực thi chức năng GUI
System.Threading Các lớp lập trình MultiThread
System.Web Các lớp liên quan đến HTTP protocol
System.Xml Các lớp liên quan XML
Namespace
C#4.0
Đặc tính lõi: IL, kiểu dữ liệu trong CTS Hỗ trợ Win GUI và control WebForm (ASP.NET) Data Access (ADO.NET) Directory Access File System, registry access Networking and web browsing .NET attributes and reflection WinOS access COM interoperability
15
Framework (Base) Class Library FCL/BCL
C#4.0
Run .NET App from Client
Required MS .NET Framework compatible MS .NET Framework 2.0, 3.5
Install .NET 3.5 Full Redistributable package (dotnetfx35.exe, 197MB)
Windows Vista comes with .NET Framework 3.0
Windows 7 comes with .NET Framework 4.0
16
.NET App
.NET App
.NET App
C#4.0
WHAT IS C#?
Applications You Can Write with C# Windows applications Web applications Web services:
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 18
C#4.0
Visual Studio
Powerful, professional Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Integrates compilers, debugger and many other useful tools for development
Can work with many different types of project, including: Console (text-based) applications Windows (GUI) applications Web applications (ASP.NET) Class libraries
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 19
C#4.0
Visual Studio
Solution explorer
Toolbox windows
Visual designer
Properties windows
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 20
C#4.0
Visual Studio projects
A project contains source code files, settings and resources for an application
May contain references to class libraries May contain data used by application Building a project:
Compiles source files Copies non-source files to output folder Creates an assembly in output folder
Building a solution builds all its projects
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 21
C#4.0
Project details
References – class librariesused by this application
Solution folder contents
Project folder contents
Solution file (.sln) and project file (.csproj) are created by VS and contain solution/project configuration information
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 22
C#4.0
Creating a Visual Studio project
Demo
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 23
C#4.0Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE
Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program
A basic working knowledge of Visual Studio 2010 and Visual C# 2010 Express Edition
How to write a simple console application How to write a Windows Forms application
C#4.0
WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATIONS
MO_BAI1
Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 27
C#4.0Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE
Chapter 3:Variables and Expressions Basic C# syntax Variables and how to use them Expressions and how to use them
C#4.0
BASIC C# SYNTAX
The look and feel of C# code is similar to that of C++ and Java.
C# compilers ignore additional spacing in code, whether it results from spaces, carriage returns, or tab characters (collectively known as whitespace characters).
Statements C# is a block-structured language, meaning
statements are part of a block of code.
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 34
C#4.0
block These blocks, which are delimited with curly
brackets ({ and }), may contain any number of statements, or none at all
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 35
C#4.0
comments Comments can be created using //… Multi-lines comments use /* … */ You can use single-line comments that start
with three / symbols instead of two /// A special comment
Comments are ignored by the compiler Used only for human readers
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 36
C#4.0
The code outlining
You can do this with the #region and #endregion keywords, which define the start and end of a region of code that can be expanded and collapsed.
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 37
C#4.0
VARIABLES
C# syntax for declaring variables merely specifies the type and variable name:
<type> <name>;
int intNumberOfStudents; Declaration includes
Name, follow Naming Convention Rules Data Type Required Value for Constants Optional Initial Value for Variables
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 38
C#4.0
Using Simple Type Variables
Mo_b3
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 42
C#4.0
Variable Naming
The first character of a variable name must be either a letter, an underscore character ( _ ), or the at symbol (@).
Subsequent characters may be letters, underscore characters, or numbers.
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 43
C#4.0
String Literals
This means that the following strings are equivalent:
"Karli \’s string."
"Karli \u0027 s string.“ @ "A short list:
item 1item 2“
"C:\\Temp\\MyDir\\MyFile.doc“ @ "C:\Temp\MyDir\MyFile.doc"
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 45
C#4.0
EXPRESSIONS
Operators can be roughly classified into three categories:
➤ Unary— Act on single operands ➤ Binary—Act on two operands ➤ Ternary—Act on three operands
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 46
C#4.0
Manipulating Variables with Mathematical Operators
Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 49