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Week 13 Benchmark
Review
____1607_______ was the year Jamestown,
Virginia was established as the first permanent
English settlement.
______1620_________ was the year Plymouth,
Massachusetts was settled
___1776__________was the year the Declaration of
Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson. It
stated the grievances against the king and reasons for war.
___Mayflower Compact____ This document was signed in
1620 establishing representative government in the Plymouth
colony. Helped establish representative government that
leads to our present Constitution.
__House of Burgesses___-Important to the
development of democracy in the 13 colonies because it was the first representative
assembly in the colonies.
_____New England___- In which colonial region did good harbors, abundant forests, rocky soil, and a
short growing season most influence the economy?
_____ New England___- In which colonial region were houses clustered around a village “common” and each family worked strips of land
in communal fields
____slave____- Large plantations in the Southern colonies
depended on what type of labor
__religious_____- What type of freedom were
colonists who settled in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maryland, and
Pennsylvania seeking?
___Magna Carta___ This document was signed by the King in 1215 establishing the
right to trial by jury and limiting his power
___English Bill of Rights__- Passed in 1689 in England, this document guaranteed
English citizens certain rights and was used as a model for
the U.S. Bill of Rights
__Atlantic Ocean_-Colonial Boston, Philadelphia, and
New York were good places for settlement because they
were located near the
____Revolutionary___ The writing of the Declaration of Independence was an event that happened in what era?
life, liberty, & pursuit of happiness- these are
unalienable rights (cannot be taken away without due
process). List three mentioned in the Declaration of
Independence
___grievances___- included in the Declaration of
Independence to identify reasons the colonies were upset and separating from
England
_French and Indian War__- A war fought in the colonies
between France and England that was very costly
to Britain and led to “taxation without representation.”
___taxing____- After the French and Indian War, Britain
placed the colonies under strict control and began
______ them to help pay for the war. This will lead to the
American Revolution.
Mercantilism__ Economic theory was based on the expectation that the
colonies were to supply England with raw materials so they could manufacture goods to sell to the colonies. (money
= power)
_George Washington__ was the commander in chief of
the Continental Army.
____King George III___ King of England during the Revolutionary War.
__Proclamation of 1763_ Act designed to protect the
colonists and prevent further Native American
uprisings. The colonists saw this act as tyranny!
_Proclamation of 1763_-The above prevented the
colonists from moving west of what mountain range?
Quartering Act - Practice the British used to supply housing
for their soldiers in the colonies. Colonists saw this as
a violation of their rights.
_____Stamp______- Act which required that every newspaper, pamphlet and other legal documents be
printed on legal paper with an official stamp or seal, on it.
__Great Britain__What country passed laws like the Stamp Act, Navigation Acts,
Townshend Acts, and Tea Act that restricted the
colonists?
__Enraged the patriots!_ What effect did the
engraving of the Boston Massacre have on colonial
public opinion? (propaganda)
__colonists or people____ “No taxation without
representation” expresses a belief in the consent of
who?
__Common Sense__ Pamphlet was written by
Thomas Paine to encourage independence.
___boycott___- refusing to buy goods. These were an effective way of protesting
British policies because they caused and economic $
hardship for British merchants
__civil disobedience_- refusal to obey laws citizens
believe to be unjust. An example is boycott and
Boston Tea Party
____Boston Tea Party___- Sam Adams led the Sons of
Liberty to throw the tea into the Boston Harbor as an act of civil disobedience to the king. The refused to pay the tax on
tea. What was this event called?
___Intolerable Acts____- Closed the Boston Harbor until the people of Boston paid for the lost tea. They
also restricted the freedom of the citizens of Massachusetts
___3,000 miles away__ was a major disadvantage of the
British during the Revolution.
_Lexington and Concord___ is considered “the shot heard round the world.”
Start of the Revolutionary War.
___Saratoga____is considered the turning point
of the Revolutionary War. France and Spain decided to
aid the Americans
______Yorktown____the last battle of the
Revolutionary War. General Cornwallis surrendered
____Valley Forge___Winter camp in 1777 -1778 of General Washington and the American
army where troops did not have proper supplies
__Mississippi River____ the western boundary of the US after the Treaty of Paris was
signed in 1783.
__Haym Solomon____- Jewish merchant who made
loans to help finance the new government during the
Revolutionary War
__James Armistead____- An African American slave who
spied on British troop movements and reported to
Americans during the Revolutionary War.
____Wentworth Cheswell__- African American teacher and land owner. Like Paul Revere,
he made the midnight ride going north while Revere rode
west
__Bernardo Galvez__- Led Spanish armies against the
British in the American Revolution
_____Crispus Attucks__- African American who was the 1st person killed at the
Boston Massacre
___Patrick Henry____- Said “…give me liberty, or give me
death!” and “If this be treason, then make the most of it.” He
was an Anti-federalist who opposed ratification of the
Constitution because it didn’t contain a Bill of Rights
Marquis de Lafayette_- He came from France to aide
Washington in the Revolutionary War. He helped
with supplies and money
___Mercy Otis Warren___- Poet. She inspired colonists against British policies. She
was known as the “First Lady of the American Revolution.”
__Abigail Adams___- One of the first women’s rights activists. Wife of John
Adams, she always wrote in her letters, “John, remember
the ladies.”
___farms_____- During the American Revolution, the
most common way American women helped the Patriot cause was by
managing the family _____.