Weekly Warm Up temperature T or F: Solubility of solids are
affected by pressure. The solubility of a gas is affected by
___________ AND ________. The _____ the temperature of the solvent,
the ______ the solubility of the gas. Give an Example. pressure
lower higher Cola going flat when hot.
Slide 2
Chapter 22: Acids, Bases & Salts Part 1: Acids & Bases
They are everywhere.. In your food In your house EVEN IN YOU!!!!!
http://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Acids_and_Bases
Slide 3
What is an Acid? It comes from the Latin word acidus that means
_____" or ____". An acid is a solution that has an excess of
________ ions. ___ HCl H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) The _____ the [H + ],
the _____ acidic the solution. hydrogen sharpsour (H + )
highermore
Slide 4
Properties of an Acid Tastes ____ Conduct ________ ________,
which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can
______ fabric, skin, and paper Some acids react _______ with metals
Turns blue litmus paper ____. sour electricity Corrosive damage
strongly red
Slide 5
Types & Uses of Acids Acetic Acid = Vinegar Citric Acid =
Citrus: lemons, limes, & oranges. Candies: lemonhead & sour
patch. Hydrochloric Acid = gastric juices Ascorbic Acid = Vitamin C
which your body needs to function. Sulfuric Acid = used in the
production of fertilizers, steel, paints, plastics, & car
batteries. Nitric Acid = fertilizers & explosives (TNT)
Carbonic Acid = carbonated drinks, cave formation, and acid
rain
Slide 6
Base What is a Base? A base is a solution that has an excess of
_________ ions. ____ NaOH in H 2 O Na + (aq) + OH - (aq) Another
word for base is ______. Many bases are _____ compounds. Bases are
any substances that can _______ hydrogen ions (H + ) from acids
even if it doesnt have OH. Therefore, bases are able to __________
acids. hydroxide (OH - ) alkali accept ionic neutralize
Slide 7
Base Properties of a Base Feel _____, _______ Taste _____,
______ ________ Can conduct ________. (Ex: _______ batteries.) Do
not react with ______. Turns red litmus paper _____. slippery
bitter Corrosive electricity Alkaline metals blue chalky soapy
Slide 8
Bases Uses of Bases soaps ammonia blood NOTE: NEVER mix Ammonia
with Sodium hydroxide (bleach). The toxic gas produced damages
_____ tissue and can be ______. NaOH-sodium hydroxide (LYE) soaps,
drain cleaner, bleach, paper Mg (OH) 2 -magnesium hydroxide -
antacids Al(OH) 3 -aluminum hydroxide - antacids, deodorants, water
purification NH 4 OH-ammonium hydroxide - ammonia, household
cleaner* Bases give ______, ________, and many other cleaning
products some of their useful properties. Your _____ is a slightly
basic solution. lung lethal
Slide 9
pH is an abbreviation for "power of __________" where "p" is
short for the German word for power, potenz and H is the element
symbol for hydrogen. It is used to measure how _____ or ______a
solution is ______ paper is used as the pH indicator. It is a
logarithmic scale that runs from _______ to ___. pH scaleeach step
is ____ times stronger or weaker than the one next to it! A
solution with a pH of 7 is _______. For example, a pH of 3 is 10
times more acidic than a pH of 4 and 100 times (10 times 10) more
acidic than a pH value of 5.than a pH of 4 What is pH? acidicbasic
zero (0) 14 neutral hydrogen litmus 10
Slide 10
pH Scale ____ _____ has a pH of 7. Therefore it is _______.
______ solutions = pH _____ than 7. o Hydrochloric acid is very
acidic. _____ solutions = pH _______ than 7. o Drain cleaner is
very basic. Pure water Acidic Basic greater less neutral
Slide 11
Compare & Contrast Activity
Slide 12
Weekly Warm Up B represents a(n) ______ solution. The pH scale
is a logarithmic scale that runs from ___ to ___. A solution with a
pH of 2 is ____ times more ______ than a solution with a pH of
5.basic 0 14 1000 acidic
Slide 13
Unit Vocabulary Any process by which electrically neutral atoms
or molecules are converted to electrically charged atoms or
molecules (aka. ions) is called ________. Ions capable of
conducting an electric current are referred to as __________. A
process in which an ionic compound separates into its positive and
negative ions in a solution is describes __________. ___________ is
a reaction between acid and base forming a type of ____ and _____.
o NaOH + HCl NaCl + HOH electrolytes ionization saltwater
Neutralization dissociation
Slide 14
Neutralization
Slide 15
Acidic Solution: When an acid interacts with water the H + ions
form _________ ions (H 3 O + ). o This is an example of __________.
o The _____ hydronium ions the ________ the acid. Forming Solutions
hydronium more stronger ionization
Slide 16
Basic Solution: NaOH in water Na + + OH - o (more hydroxide
ions, more basic) NH 3 + H 2 0 NH 4 + + OH - o ammonia gas + water
yields ammonium and hydroxide ions Forming Solutions
Slide 17
What is a Buffer? A buffer is an aqueous solution that has a
highly stable pH. If you add acid or base to a buffered solution,
its pH will not change significantly. aqueous
solutionpHacidbase
Slide 18
pH Scale A change of 1 pH unit represents a tenfold change in
the acidity of the solution. For example, if one solution has a pH
of 1 and a second solution has a pH of 2, the first solution is not
twice as acidic as the second it is ten times more acidic.
Slide 19
Acid Base Reactions A reaction between an acid and a base is
called neutralization. An acid-base mixture is not as acidic or
basic as the individual starting solutions.
Slide 20
Acid Base reactions Each salt listed in this table can be
formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.
Slide 21
Label as either true (T) or false (F): _____ 1.Acids will not
conduct electricity. _____ 2.Bases will conduct electricity. _____
3.Acids taste bitter. _____ 4.Bases will turn red litmus paper
blue. _____ 5.Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen gas.
_____ 6.Acids will turn phenolphthalein (PHTH) indicator pink.
_____ 7.An indicator is a substance which changes colors in acids
and bases. _____ 8.Acids have a pH greater that 7. _____ 9.Bases
feel slippery. _____ 10.The pH of pure water is 7. Weekly Warm Up T
T T F F T T F F T Sour Both conduct electricity.