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Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America
Edited by
Ingo S. Wehrtmann and Jorge CortsCIMAR and Escuela de Biologa, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
Editors
Ingo S. WehrtmannUnidad Investigacin Pesquera y Acuicultura (UNIP) of the Centro de Investigacin en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologa (CIMAR), and Museo de Zoologa, Escuela de BiologaUniversidad de Costa Rica11501-2060 San Jos, Costa [email protected]
Jorge CortsCentro de Investigacin en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologa (CIMAR), and Escuela de BiologaUniversidad de Costa Rica11501-2060 San Jos, Costa [email protected]
ISBN: 978-1-4020-8277-1 e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-8278-8
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008931008
2009 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Cover page: Seagrass habitat at Parque Nacional Cahuita, Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Photo: Ingo S. Wehrtmann)Back cover, photo 1: A green algae, Acetabularia calyculus, from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Photo: Ingo S. Wehrtmann)Back cover, photo 2: Carpilius corallinus, a brachyuran crab occurring in the Parque Nacional Cahuita, Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Photo: Ingo S. Wehrtmann)Back cover, photo 3: A black turtle, Chelonia agassizi, observed in waters around the offshore island, Isla del Coco, Pacific Costa Rica (Photo: Jaime Nivia)
Printed on acid-free paper
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
springer.com
Contents of CD Rom
Part 1 PhytoplanktonRoxana Vquez and Paul E. Hargraves
Species List 1.1 List of phytoplankton species from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 1Species List 1.2 Phytoplankton species from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 4
Part 2 Marine Benthic AlgaeAndrea Bernecker
Species List 2.1 Marine benthic algae and Cyanobacteria reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................... 17Species List 2.2 Marine benthic algae and Cyanobacteria reported from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ................................................................ 53
Part 3 SeagrassesJorge Corts and Eva Salas
Species List 3.1 Seagrasses found on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 71Species List 3.2 Seagrasses found on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......... 72
Part 4 MangrovesAna Margarita Silva-Benavides
Species List 4.1 Mangrove species occurring along the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 73Species List 4.2 Mangrove species occurring along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 75
Part 5 ForaminiferaJorge Corts, Claudia Mora-Baumgartner, and Vanessa Nielsen
Contents of CD Rom v
Species List 5.1 Foraminifera of the Caribbean of Costa Rica .................... 79Species List 5.2 Foraminifera of the Pacific of Costa Rica .......................... 79
Part 6 SpongesJorge Corts, Noam Van Der Hal, and R.W.M. Van Soest
Species List 6.1 Sponges reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica .................................................................................................... 83Species List 6.2 Sponges from the Pacific of Costa Rica ............................ 88
Part 7 Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Cubozoa (Medusozoa)Karina Rodrguez-Senz and Lourdes Segura-Puertas
Species List 7.1 Medusozoa (Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Cubozoa) recorded from the Caribbean of Costa Rica ..................................................... 94Species List 7.2 Medusozoa (Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Cubozoa) recorded from the Pacific of Costa Rica .......................................................... 95
Part 8 SiphonophoresKarina Rodrguez-Senz and Rebeca Gasca
Species List 8.1 Siphonophores collected in Caribbean of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 101Species List 8.2 Siphonophores collected in Pacific waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................... 102
Part 9 Zoanthids, Sea Anemones and CorallimorphariansJorge Corts
Species List 9.1 Zoanthids, actiniarians, and corallimorpharians found on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ............................................................... 105Species List 9.2 Zoanthids, actiniarians, and corallimorpharians found on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica .................................................................... 107
Part 10 OctocoralsOdalisca Breedy
Species List 10.1 Octocorals from Caribbean shallow waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 108Species List 10.2 Octocorals from Pacific shallow waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 110
Part 11 Stony CoralsJorge Corts
Species List 11.1 Stony corals (hydrocorals and scleractinians) from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica .......................................................................... 112
vi Contents of CD Rom
Species List 11.2 Stony corals (hydrocorals and scleractinians) from the Pacific of Costa Rica .......................................................................... 116
Part 12 SipunculansJos A. Vargas and Harlan K. Dean
Species List 12.1 List of sipunculans reported for the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, .......................................................................................... 119Species List 12.2 List of sipunculan species reported for the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 120
Part 13 Polychaetes and EchiuransHarlan K. Dean
Species List 13.1 Polychaetes from the Caribbean of Central America....... 122Species List 13.2 Polychaeta and Echiura from the Pacific of Central America ............................................................................................................. 132
Part 14 StomatopodsRita Vargas
Species List 14.1 Stomatopod taxa from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 160Species List 14.2 Stomatopod taxa from Pacific coast of Costa Rica .......... 161
Part 15 EuphausiidsIvn Castellanos, Eduardo Surez-Morales, and lvaro Morales-Ramrez
Species List 15.1 Euphausiid species recorded in Caribbean waters of Costa Rica ........................................................................................................ 164Species List 15.2 Euphausiid species recorded in Costa Rican waters of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. ............................................................... 165
Part 16 Decapod CrustaceansRita Vargas and Ingo S. Wehrtmann
Species List 16.1 Caribbean Costa Rica. Species of Dendrobranchiata, Stenopodidea, Caridea, Astacidea, Thalassinidea, and Palinura ...................... 167Species List 16.2 Pacific Costa Rica. Species of Dendrobranchiata, Stenopodidea, Caridea, Astacidea, Thalassinidea, and Palinura ...................... 170Species List 16.3 Caribbean Costa Rica. Species of Anomura .................... 178Species List 16.4 Pacific Costa Rica. Species of Anomura .......................... 179Species List 16.5 Caribbean Costa Rica. Species of Brachyura ................... 185Species List 16.6 Pacific Costa Rica. Species of Brachyura ........................ 188
Part 17 Shallow Water MysidsW. Wayne Price, Richard W. Heard, and Rita Vargas
Contents of CD Rom vii
Species List 17.1 Mysida reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 199Species List 17.2 Mysida reported from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 200
Part 18 CumaceansIorgu Petrescu, Richard W. Heard, Rita Vargas, and Odalisca Breedy
Species List 18.1 Cumaceans from the Caribbean waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 201Species List 18.2 Cumaceans from the Pacific waters of Costa Rica .......... 202
Part 19 TanaidaceansRichard W. Heard, Odalisca Breedy, and Rita Vargas
Species List 19.1 Tanaidaceans from the Caribbean waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 204Species List 19.2 Tanaidaceans from the Pacific waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 205
Part 20 IsopodsRichard C. Brusca and Ingo S. Wehrtmann
Species List 20.1 Isopods reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 206Species List 20.2 Isopods reported from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 209
Part 21 Gammaridean AmphipodsJohn M. Foster, Sara E. LeCroy, Richard W. Heard, and Rita Vargas
Species List 21.1 Distribution of estuarine and marine gammaridean amphipod species occurring on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ................ 212Species List 21.2 Distribution of estuarine and marine gammaridean amphipod species occurring on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ...................... 214
Part 22 Hyperiid AmphipodsRebeca Gasca
Species List 22.1 Hyperiid amphipods recorded from the Pacific waters of Costa Rica ......................................................................................... 217
Part 23 BarnaclesRobert Van Syoc
Species List 23.1 Barnacles from the Caribbean of Costa Rica ................... 219Species List 23.2 Barnacles from Pacific Costa Rica ................................... 221
viii Contents of CD Rom
Part 24 Copepodslvaro Morales-Ramrez and Eduardo Surez-Morales
Species List 24.1 Copepod species of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 224Species List 24.2 List of copepod species of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 228
Part 25 Sea-SpidersRoger N. Bamber
Species List 25.1 Pycnogonids recorded from Caribbean waters of Costa Rica ........................................................................................................ 237Species List 25.2 Pycnogonids recorded from Pacific Costa Rica ........................................................................................................ 238
Part 26 Marine InsectsMonika Springer
Species List 26.1 Marine Collembola and Hemiptera (Class Insecta) from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ................................................................ 239
Part 27 ChitonsEnrico Schwabe and Ingo S. Wehrtmann
Species List 27.1 Chitons known to occur along the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 240Species List 27.2 Chitons known to occur along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 241
Part 28 Benthic, Shelled GastropodsLeonora Rodrguez-Sevilla, Rita Vargas, and Jorge Corts
Species List 28.1 Benthic, shelled gastropods of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 243Species List 28.2 Benthic, shelled gastropods of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 275
Part 29 Pelagic GastropodsEduardo Surez-Morales, Rebeca Gasca, and Ivn Castellanos
Species List 29.1 Pelagic gastropod mollusks recorded from Costa Rican waters of the Caribbean Sea. .................................................................. 326Species List 29.2 Pelagic gastropod mollusks recorded from Costa Rican waters of the Pacific Ocean. ............................................................................. 328
Contents of CD Rom ix
Part 30 Benthic OpisthobranchsYolanda E. Camacho-Garca
Species List 30.1 Benthic opisthobranchs and cephalaspidean heterobranchs from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ................................... 330Species List 30.2 Benthic opisthobranchs and cephalaspidean heterobranchs from Pacific Costa Rica............................................................. 338
Part 31 BivalvesJulio A. Magaa-Cubillo and Jos Espinosa
Species List 31.1 Bivalves from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ............ 348Species List 31.2 Bivalves from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ................. 358
Part 32 Squids and OctopusesFrederick G. Hochberg and Yolanda E. Camacho-Garca
Species List 32.1 Cephalopods known to occur commonly in waters of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ............................................................... 379Species List 32.2 Cephalopods known to occur commonly in waters in the Pacific of Costa Rica and Isla del Coco ................................................. 381
Part 33 PhoronidsChristian C. Emig
Species List 33.1 Phoronida species reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 383Species List 33.2 Phoronida species reported from Pacific Costa RicaCentral America ................................................................................................ 384
Part 34 BryozoansJorge Corts, Vanessa Nielsen, and Amalia Herrera-Cubilla
Species List 34.1 Bryozoans from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........ 385Species List 34.2 Bryozoans from the Pacific of Costa Rica ....................... 386
Part 35 BrachiopodsChristian C. Emig
Species List 35.1 Brachiopoda species reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 389Species List 35.2 Brachiopoda species reported from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 390
Part 36 EchinodermsJuan Jos Alvarado and Jorge Corts
x Contents of CD Rom
Species List 36.1 List of echinoderms from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 392Species List 36.2 List of echinoderms from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................................................... 396
Part 37 Chaetognaths or Arrow WormsEduardo Surez-Morales, Rosa Ma. Hernndez-Flores, and lvaro Morales-Ramrez
Species List 37.1 Chaetognatha effectively recorded in waters of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ......................................................................... 409Species List 37.2 Chaetognatha effectively recorded in waters of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ............................................................................... 410
Part 38 Appendicularians (Urochordata)Ivn A. Castellanos, lvaro Morales-Ramrez, and Eduardo Surez-Morales
Species List 38.1 List of appendicularian species recorded in Costa Rican waters (eastern tropical Pacific) ........................................................................ 411
Part 39 Marine FishWilliam A. Bussing and Myrna Lpez
Species List 39.1 Fishes reported and expected from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 412Species List 39.2 Fishes reported and expected from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ..................................................................................................... 439
Part 40 Marine Reptiles and AmphibiansMahmood Sasa, Gerardo A. Chaves, and Lisa D. Patrick
Species List 40.1 Species of reptiles and amphibians found at marine environments in Costa Rican Caribbean coast ................................................. 474Species List 40.2 Species of reptiles and amphibians found at marine environments in Costa Rican Pacific Ocean. .................................................... 475
Part 41 Birds in Coastal and Marine EnvironmentsGilbert Barrantes and Johel Chaves-Campos
Species List 41.1 Coastal and marine birds in Costa Rica (Pacific and Caribbean) and Central America. ..................................................................... 479
Part 42 Marine MammalsLaura May-Collado
Species List 42.1 Marine mammals reported from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 485
Contents of CD Rom xi
Species List 42.2 Marine mammals reported from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 488
Part 43 Other Taxonomic Groups (Fungi, Kinorhynchs, Invertebrate Chordates)Jorge Corts
Species List 43.1 Marine fungi collected in the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................................ 491Species List 43.2 Salps collected off the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................................ 491Species List 43.3 Kinorynchs and invertebrate chordates collected from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. ........................................................................ 492
Part 44 Marine Fish ParasitesJorge Corts
Species List 44.1 Marine parasites collected from fish from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. ......................................................................... 493Species List 44.2 Marine parasites collected from fish from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 494
Part 45 Sea Turtle ParasitesMario Santoro and Simonetta Mattiucci
Species List 45.1 Parasites reported from the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) of the Parque Nacional Tortuguero, north Caribbean coast of Costa Rica ........................................................................................... 497Species List 45.2 Parasites reported from the olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica ............................. 500
Phytoplankton 1
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
1 L
ist
of p
hyto
plan
kton
spe
cies
fro
m t
he C
arib
bean
coa
st o
f C
osta
Ric
a. F
or d
iato
ms,
gro
upin
g of
gen
era
into
Ord
ers
follo
ws
Has
le &
Sy
vert
sen
(199
6), d
inof
lage
llate
s ar
e gr
oupe
d ac
cord
ing
to S
teid
inge
r &
Tan
gen
(199
6)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Phy
lum
CH
RY
SOP
HY
TA
Cla
ss B
AC
ILL
AR
IOP
HY
CE
AE
Ord
er C
OSC
INO
DIS
CA
LE
SA
ctin
ocyc
lus
curv
atul
us J
anis
ch[9
8]C
TP,
IO[3
6, 9
0]Sy
n. C
osci
nodi
scus
cur
vatu
lus
Gru
now
Cos
cino
disc
us c
entr
alis
Gra
n &
Ang
st.
[98]
Car
,IO
,GM
,Med
,NE
A[1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
1, 7
7, 9
0]C
yclo
tell
a m
eneg
hini
ana
Kut
zing
[98]
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,Med
[20,
21,
33,
72,
96]
Gos
sler
iell
a tr
opic
a Sc
htt
[98]
Ca,
Car
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 21,
32,
72,
96]
Mel
osir
a m
onil
ifor
mis
(O
. Ml
ler)
Aga
rdh
[98]
EC
,GM
,NE
P,SE
P[3
, 33,
72]
Skel
eton
ema
cost
atum
(G
revi
lle)
clev
e[9
8]C
a,C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 8, 1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 7
2, 7
7, 9
0, 9
6]O
rder
RH
IZO
SOL
EN
IAL
ES
Gui
nard
ia s
tria
ta (
Stol
terf
oth)
Has
le[9
8]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,NE
A,N
WA
,SA
[8, 9
, 10,
18,
19,
21,
37,
72,
77,
88]
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a st
olte
rfot
hii P
erag
allo
Pro
bosc
ia a
lata
(B
righ
twel
l) S
unds
trm
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a al
ata
Bri
ghtw
ell
[98]
Car
,CT
P,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,Med
, N
EA
,NW
A,S
EP
[3, 8
, 10,
18,
19,
21,
41,
77,
90]
Pse
udos
olen
ia c
alca
r-av
is (
Schu
lze)
Sun
dstr
m[9
8]C
a,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A, N
WA
[8, 1
8, 1
9, 7
2, 7
3, 9
0]R
hizo
sole
nia
imbr
icat
a B
righ
twel
l[9
8]C
a,C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,S
A,S
EP
[3, 9
, 10,
18,
19,
21,
72,
90,
96]
Rhi
zoso
leni
a se
tige
ra B
righ
twel
l[9
8]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A[1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 7
2, 7
7, 9
0, 9
6]O
rder
BID
DU
LP
HIA
LE
SB
acte
rias
trum
del
icat
ulum
Cle
ve[9
8]C
a,C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,Med
, NW
P[1
8, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
5, 7
2, 9
6]B
acte
rias
trum
hya
linu
m L
aude
r[9
8]C
a,C
ar,I
O,M
ed[2
0, 2
1, 7
2, 7
9, 9
6]C
erat
auli
na d
enta
ta H
asle
[98]
Ca,
TP
[43,
72]
Cha
etoc
eros
affi
nis
Lau
der
[98]
Ca,
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,NW
A,
SEP
[3, 1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 7
2, 7
9, 8
5, 9
6]
Cha
etoc
eros
bre
vis
Sch
tt[9
8]C
ar,G
M,M
ed,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 20,
79,
85,
88]
Cha
etoc
eros
coa
rcta
tus
Lau
der
[98]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NW
A[1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 7
9, 8
5, 9
0, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os c
urvi
setu
s C
leve
[98]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 18,
19,
21,
79,
85,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
dia
nicu
s C
leve
[98]
ET
P,G
M,N
EA
,NW
A[1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 8
5]C
haet
ocer
os d
iver
sus
Cle
ve[9
8]C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
[18,
19,
79,
90,
96]
(con
tinue
d)
2 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
1 (c
ontin
uied
)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Cha
etoc
eros
gra
cili
s Sc
htt
[98]
Ca,
GM
,SE
P[3
, 19,
72]
Cha
etoc
eros
per
uvia
nus
Bri
ghtw
ell
[98]
Car
,CT
P,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NW
A[1
8, 1
9, 4
1, 7
9, 8
5, 9
0, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os s
ocia
lis
Lau
der
[98]
EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,NW
A,S
EP
[3, 1
0, 1
8, 7
2, 8
5, 8
8, 9
6]D
ityl
um b
righ
twel
lii (
Wes
t) G
runo
w[9
8]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
IO,S
A,N
EA
[9, 1
0, 1
8, 2
1, 7
2, 9
6]H
emia
ulus
hau
ckii
Gru
now
[98]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed[7
, 18,
19,
20,
65,
72,
78]
Lit
hode
smiu
n un
dula
tum
Ehr
enbe
rg[9
8]G
M,I
O,N
EA
[19,
65,
88,
96]
Ord
er F
RA
GIL
AR
IAL
ES
Ast
erio
nell
opsi
s gl
acia
lis
(Cat
rasc
ane)
Rou
nd S
yn.
Ast
erio
nell
a ja
poni
ca G
ran.
[98]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
, SA
,SE
P[3
, 8, 9
, 18,
19,
72,
80,
90,
96]
Tha
lass
ione
ma
frau
enfe
ldii
(G
runo
w)
Hae
llegr
aeff
[98]
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 19,
21,
29,
72,
80,
90,
96]
Syn.
Tha
lass
ioth
rix
frau
enfe
ldii
Gru
now
Ord
er B
AC
ILL
AR
IAL
ES
Ach
nant
hes
long
ipes
Aga
rdh
[98]
Car
,EP,
NE
A[6
5, 7
2, 8
1]A
mph
ora
gran
ulat
a G
reg.
[98]
IO[9
0]B
acil
lari
a pa
xill
ifer
a (M
lle
r) H
ende
y[9
8]C
ar,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,NW
P[1
9, 2
1, 6
5, 7
2, 8
8, 9
0, 9
6]Sy
n. N
itzs
chia
par
adox
a (G
mel
.) G
run.
Syn.
Bac
illa
ria
para
doxa
Gm
el.
Cyl
indr
othe
ca c
lost
eriu
m (
Ehr
enbe
rg)
Rei
nman
&
Lew
in.
[98]
Car
,EC
,CN
P,E
TP,
GM
,IO
, M
ed,N
EA
,NW
A,S
A,S
EP
[3, 8
, 9, 1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 7
2, 9
0, 9
6,
101]
Syn.
Nit
zsch
ia c
lost
eriu
m (
Ehr
enbe
rg)
W. S
mith
Mas
togl
oia
biap
icul
ata
Schm
ith[9
8]C
ar[2
1, 8
2]M
asto
gloi
a bi
form
is G
run.
[98]
Car
[21,
82]
Nav
icul
a di
spar
ata
Hus
tedt
[98]
n.a.
n.a.
Nav
icul
a di
stan
s C
leve
[98]
GM
[88]
Nav
icul
a hu
sted
tii K
rass
ke[9
8]n.
a.n.
a.N
avic
ula
irro
rata
Gre
v.[9
8]C
ar,G
M[2
1, 8
2, 8
8]N
itzs
chia
bil
obat
a W
m. S
mith
[98]
Car
[21]
Nit
zsch
ia l
ongi
ssim
a (B
rebi
sson
) R
alfs
[98]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,S
EP
[3, 1
8, 1
9, 2
1, 9
6]P
leur
osig
ma
elon
gatu
m W
m. S
mith
[98]
IO[9
6]P
seud
o-ni
tzsc
hia
deli
cati
ssim
a (C
leve
) H
eide
n. S
yn.
Nit
zsch
ia d
elic
atis
sim
a C
leve
[98]
Ant
,NE
A,S
A,S
EP
[9, 1
0, 4
5, 8
6]
Phytoplankton 3
Pse
udo-
nitz
schi
a pu
ngen
s (G
runo
w e
x C
leve
) H
asle
.[9
8]A
u,C
ar,C
TP,
EC
,GM
,SA
,SE
P[9
, 19,
21,
30,
40,
41,
72,
86,
88]
Syn.
Nit
zsch
ia p
unge
ns G
runo
w e
x C
leve
Suri
rell
a le
mm
erm
anni
Hus
tedt
[98]
n.a.
n.a.
Suri
rell
a an
gust
icos
tata
Hus
tedt
[98]
n.a.
n.a.
DIN
OP
HY
TA
Cla
ss D
INO
PH
YC
EA
EO
rder
PR
OR
OC
EN
TR
AL
ES
Pro
roce
ntru
m g
raci
le S
cht
t[9
8]C
a,C
ar,M
ed,N
EA
,NW
A, S
WA
,TP
[5, 2
1, 2
2, 2
3, 5
2, 5
3, 6
6]O
rder
DIN
OP
HY
SIA
LE
SD
inop
hysi
s ca
udat
a Sa
ville
-Ken
t. Sy
n. D
inop
hysi
s ho
mun
culu
s St
ein
[98]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,GM
,Med
,NE
A,N
EA
,SW
A,T
A[5
, 6, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 5
1, 5
2, 5
2, 6
4, 6
6]
Ord
er G
ON
YA
UL
AC
AL
ES
Cer
atiu
m f
urca
Cla
pare
de &
Lac
hman
n[9
8]A
u,C
a,C
ar,G
M,I
O,M
ed,
NW
A,S
A,S
EA
,SW
A[5
, 9, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
6, 5
2, 6
6]
CY
AN
OB
AC
TE
RIA
Spir
ulin
a su
bsal
sa
rste
d ex
Gom
ont
[35]
EC
,Med
[34,
62,
73]
Joha
nnes
bapt
ista
pel
luci
da (
Dic
kie)
Tay
lor
& D
roue
t[N
R]
NW
A[7
3]Tr
icho
desm
ium
sp.
[NR
]G
M[1
9, 5
3]D
INO
PH
YT
AC
lass
DIC
TY
OC
HO
PH
YC
EA
E (
Silic
ofla
gella
tes)
Dic
tyoc
ha fi
bula
Ehr
enbe
rg[9
8]A
u,C
NP,
EC
,Med
[7, 2
6, 7
1, 1
01]
a CR
= C
osta
Ric
a, N
R =
New
rec
ord
b Ant
= A
ntar
ctic
, Au
= A
ustr
alia
, BI
= B
ritis
h Is
les,
Ca
= G
ulf
of C
alif
orni
a an
d Pa
cifi
c co
ast o
f M
xic
o, C
ar =
Car
ibbe
an, E
C =
Eas
t coa
st o
f U
SA, C
NP
=
Cen
tral
Nor
th P
acif
ic, C
TP
= C
entr
al T
ropi
cal P
acif
ic, E
TP
= E
aste
rn T
ropi
cal P
acif
ic, G
P =
Gul
f of
Pan
am,
IO
= I
ndia
n O
cean
, GM
= G
ulf
of M
xic
o, M
ed
= M
edite
rran
ean
and
adja
cent
sea
s, N
EA
= N
orth
Eas
tern
Atla
ntic
, N
EP
= N
orth
Eas
tern
Pac
ific
, N
WA
= N
orth
Wes
tern
Atla
ntic
, N
WP
= N
orth
Wes
tern
Pa
cifi
c, S
A =
Sou
th A
fric
a, S
EP
= S
outh
Eas
tern
Pac
ific
, SW
A =
Sou
th W
este
rn A
tlant
ic, S
WP
= S
outh
Wes
tern
Pac
ific
, TA
= T
ropi
cal A
tlant
ic, T
P =
Tro
pica
l Pa
cifi
cc R
efer
ence
s ar
e in
dica
ted
by n
umbe
rs a
ccor
ding
to th
e re
fere
nces
list
.
4 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
2 Ph
ytop
lank
ton
spec
ies
from
the
Paci
fic
coas
t of
Cos
ta R
ica.
For
dia
tom
s, g
roup
ing
of g
ener
a in
to O
rder
s fo
llow
s H
asle
& S
yver
tsen
(19
96),
di
nofl
agel
late
s ar
e gr
oupe
d ac
cord
ing
to S
teid
inge
r &
Tan
gen
(199
6), E
briid
ae a
s in
Har
grav
es (
2002
)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Phy
lum
CH
RY
SOP
HY
TA
Cla
ss B
AC
ILL
AR
IOP
HY
CE
AE
Ord
er C
OSC
INO
DIS
CA
LE
SA
ctin
ocyc
lus
curv
atul
us J
anis
ch S
yn. C
osci
nodi
scus
cu
rvat
ulus
Gru
now
[103
]C
TP,
IO[3
6, 9
0]
Act
inoc
yclu
s oc
tona
rius
Ehr
enbe
rg. S
yn. A
ctin
ocyc
lus
erhe
rnbe
rgii
Ral
fs[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
Car
,CT
P,G
M[1
7, 2
1, 3
3, 3
6, 7
7, 1
02]
Act
inop
tich
us s
enar
ius
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Ehr
enb.
Syn
. A
ctin
opty
chus
und
ulat
us (
Bai
ley)
Ral
fs[1
00,1
03]
Car
,GM
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 17,
21,
33,
77,
90,
96]
Act
inop
tich
us s
plen
dens
(Sh
adbo
lt) R
alfs
[100
]IO
,GM
,SA
[9, 1
7, 1
9, 9
0]A
ster
olam
pra
mar
ylan
dica
Ehe
rnbe
rg[N
R]
Ca,
IO[7
2, 9
0]A
ster
omph
alus
cle
vean
us G
runo
w[1
00]
Ca
[50,
]A
ster
omph
alus
hep
tact
is (
Bre
b.)
Ral
fs[1
03]
CT
P,IO
,NE
A[4
1, 6
5, 9
0]C
oret
hron
hys
trix
Cle
ve[1
00,1
03]
Car
,GM
,IO
[21,
33,
96]
Cos
cino
disc
us c
entr
alis
Gra
n &
Ang
st.
[100
,103
]C
ar,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
EA
[19,
20,
21,
41,
77,
90]
Cos
cino
disc
us g
rani
i Gou
gh[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
EC
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NE
A,S
A[9
, 19,
21,
36,
41,
72,
90,
96]
Cos
cino
disc
us p
erfo
ratu
s E
hren
berg
[100
]C
a,C
ar,G
M,I
O,N
EP
[3, 2
1, 3
3, 3
6, 9
0]C
osci
nodi
scus
wai
lesi
i Gra
n &
Ang
st.
[103
]C
a,C
ar,N
EA
,NE
P,[8
, 21,
36,
41,
89]
Cyc
lote
lla
men
eghi
nian
a K
utzi
ng[1
00,1
03]
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,Med
[20,
21,
33,
72,
96]
Cyc
lote
lla
stri
ata
(Kut
zing
) G
run.
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,G
M,I
O,M
ed[2
0, 2
1, 3
3, 7
2, 9
0, 9
6]D
eton
ula
pum
ila
(Cat
rasc
ane)
Sch
tt.
[NR
]C
ar,E
C,G
M,I
O,S
EP
[3, 1
9, 2
1, 7
2, 8
8, 9
0, 9
6]Sy
n: S
crhr
oede
rell
a de
lica
tula
(Pe
raga
llo)
Pavi
llard
Gos
sler
iell
a tr
opic
a Sc
htt
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,I
O,S
EP
[3, 2
1, 3
2, 7
2, 9
6]L
aude
ria
annu
lata
Cle
ve.
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 8, 2
0, 2
1, 7
2, 8
8, 9
0, 9
6]
Syn.
Lau
deri
a bo
real
is G
ran
Lep
tocy
lind
rus
dani
cus
Cle
ve[1
00,1
03]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,Med
,SA
, SE
P[9
, 10,
19,
20,
21,
75,
77,
96]
Lep
tocy
lind
rus
med
iter
rane
us (
Pera
gallo
) H
asle
.[1
03]
Ca,
CT
P,E
C,E
TP,
NE
A,S
EP
[3, 1
0, 2
0, 4
1, 7
2, 7
3]
Syn.
Dac
tylio
sole
n m
edite
rran
eus
(Per
agal
lo)
Pera
gallo
Lep
tocy
lind
rus
min
imus
Gra
n[1
03]
Ca,
EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O[2
0, 7
2, 8
8, 9
6]
Mel
osir
a m
onil
ifor
mis
(O
. Ml
ler)
Aga
rdh
[NR
]E
C,G
M,N
EP,
SEP
[3, 3
3, 7
2]Pa
rali
a su
lcat
a (E
hren
berg
) C
leve
.[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,IO
,NE
A,N
WA
[8, 2
1, 6
5, 7
2, 7
7, 8
8, 9
6]Sy
n. M
elos
ira
sulc
ata
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Kt
zing
Pla
nkto
niel
la m
urif
orm
is (
Loe
blic
h, W
ight
& D
arle
y)
Rou
nd.
[100
,103
]G
M,N
EA
,[1
8, 6
8]
Syn.
Coe
nobi
odis
cus
mur
ifor
mis
Loe
blic
h, W
ight
&
Dar
ley
Pla
nkto
niel
la s
ol (
Wal
lich)
Sch
tt
[103
]C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,CT
P,M
ed,N
EA
,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 8, 1
8, 2
0, 2
1, 3
3, 4
1, 9
0, 9
6]
Skel
eton
ema
cost
atum
(G
revi
lle)
clev
e[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,NW
A,
SEP
[3, 8
, 10,
19,
20,
72,
77,
90,
96]
Skel
eton
ema
trop
icum
Cle
ve[N
R]
Ca,
GM
[15,
33]
Step
hano
pyxi
s tu
rris
(G
revi
lle &
Arn
ott)
Ral
fs[1
00,1
03]
EC
,ET
P,IO
,Med
,SA
,SE
P[3
, 9, 2
0, 2
0, 7
2, 9
6]T
hala
ssio
sira
bin
ata
Fryx
ell
[103
]C
a,G
M,N
WP
[25,
33,
72]
Tha
lass
iosi
ra b
iocu
lata
(G
run.
) O
sten
feld
[NR
]C
a,N
EA
,NW
A[6
5, 7
2]T
hala
ssio
sira
con
fert
a H
asle
[NR
]N
WP
[25]
Tha
lass
iosi
ra d
ecip
iens
(G
run.
) Jo
rg.
[103
]C
a,C
ar,C
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,M
ed,
SA,S
EP
[3, 9
, 10,
19,
20,
21,
41,
72,
88,
96
]T
hala
ssio
sira
ecc
entr
ica
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Cle
ve[1
03]
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NW
P,SA
[1, 9
, 20,
21,
25,
72,
88,
90]
Tha
lass
iosi
ra e
xigu
a Fr
yx. &
Has
le[1
03]
Ca,
GM
[1, 3
3, 7
2]T
hala
ssio
sira
lep
topu
s (G
run.
) H
asle
& F
ryxe
ll[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,CT
P[1
, 21,
41,
72]
Tha
lass
iosi
ra m
ala
Tak.
[103
]C
a,N
WP
[1, 2
5, 7
2]T
hala
ssio
sira
min
ima
Gaa
rder
[NR
]N
EA
,NW
P[2
5, 3
8]T
hala
ssio
sira
oce
anic
a H
asle
[PN
R]
NE
A[3
9]T
hala
ssio
sira
oes
trup
ii (
Ost
enfe
ld)
Pros
hkin
a-L
avre
nko
[NR
]C
a,C
TP,
IO,N
WP
[1, 2
5, 4
1, 7
2, 9
0]T
hala
ssio
sira
rot
ula
Meu
nier
[NR
]C
a,E
C,G
M,M
ed[7
, 33,
72,
75]
Tha
lass
iosi
ra s
ubti
lis
(oes
tenf
eld)
Gra
n[N
R]
Ca,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,S
EP
[3, 2
0, 2
1, 4
1, 7
5, 9
0, 9
6]O
rder
RH
IZO
SOL
EN
IAL
ES
Dac
tyli
osol
en f
ragi
liss
imus
(B
ergo
n) H
asle
[35,
103]
Ca,
EC
,ET
P,G
M,M
ed,N
EA
,NW
A[8
, 10,
20,
37,
72,
88]
(con
tinue
d)
Phytoplankton 5
6 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
2 (c
ontin
ued)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a st
olte
rfot
hii P
erag
allo
Gui
nard
ia d
elic
atul
a (C
leve
) H
asle
[35,
100,
103]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,N
EA
,NW
A,S
A,S
EP
[8, 9
, 20,
21,
72,
75]
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a de
lica
tula
Cle
veG
uina
rdia
fla
ccid
a (C
atr.)
H. P
er.
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,Med
,NE
A,
NW
A[8
, 19,
20,
21,
37,
77,
90,
96]
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a fl
acci
da C
atra
scan
eG
uina
rdia
str
iata
(St
olte
rfot
h) H
asle
[35,
100,
103]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,N
EA
,NW
A,S
A[8
, 9, 1
0, 1
8, 1
9, 2
1, 3
7, 7
2, 7
7,
88]
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a st
olte
rfot
hii P
erag
allo
Pro
bosc
ia a
lata
(B
righ
twel
l) S
unds
trm
.[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
ar,C
TP,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
EA
,SE
P[3
, 10,
18,
20,
21,
41,
77,
90]
Syn.
Rhi
zoso
leni
a al
ata
Bri
ghtw
ell
Pse
udos
olen
ia c
alca
r-av
is (
Schu
lze)
Sun
dstr
m[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
a,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,N
WA
[8, 1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 7
5, 9
0]R
hizo
sole
nia
acum
inat
a (P
erag
.) P
av.
[NR
]C
a,E
TP,
GM
,NE
A, N
WA
[8, 1
9, 2
0, 7
5]R
hizo
sole
nia
berg
onii
Per
ag.
[35,
100,
103]
Ca,
CT
P,C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,
NW
A[8
, 19,
20,
41,
75,
88,
90]
Rhi
zoso
leni
a he
beta
ta v
ar. h
ebet
ata
Bai
ley
[35,
100,
103]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,IO
,NE
A,S
A, S
EP
[3, 9
, 10,
19,
21,
75,
90,
96]
Rhi
zoso
leni
a im
bric
ata
Bri
ghtw
ell
[100
]C
a,C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,S
A,S
EP
[3, 9
, 10,
19,
20,
21,
75,
90,
96]
Rhi
zoso
leni
a ro
bust
a N
orm
an[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
a,C
ar,E
C,G
M,I
O, M
ed[1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 7
5, 7
7, 9
0, 9
6]R
hizo
sole
nia
seti
gera
Bri
ghtw
ell
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
, NE
A[1
0, 1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 7
7, 9
0, 9
6]R
hizo
sole
nia
styl
ifor
mis
Bri
ghtw
ell
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,C
TP,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
, N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 8, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
1, 7
5, 7
7, 9
0,
96]
Ord
er B
IDD
UL
PH
IAL
ES
Aul
acod
iscu
s ki
tton
ii A
rnot
t ex
Ral
fs in
Pri
tcha
rd[N
R]
BI
[91]
Bac
teri
astr
um c
omos
um P
avill
ard
[100
,103
]C
a,C
ar,E
TP,
IO[2
0, 2
1, 7
5, 7
9, 9
6]B
acte
rias
trum
del
icat
ulum
Cle
ve[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
WP
[19,
20,
21,
45,
72,
75,
96]
Bac
teri
astr
um e
lega
ns P
avill
ard
[103
]M
ed[2
6]B
acte
rias
trum
hya
linu
m L
aude
r[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,IO
,Med
[20,
21,
75,
79,
96]
Bid
dulp
hia
bidd
ulph
iana
(J.
e. S
mith
) B
oyer
Syn
. B
iddu
lphi
a pu
lche
lla
Gra
y[N
R]
BI,
Ca,
Car
,EC
,IO
[21,
72,
75,
78,
90,
91]
Cer
atau
lina
pel
agic
a (C
leve
) H
ende
y 19
37. S
yn.
Cer
atau
lina
ber
goni
i (H
. Per
agal
lo)
Sch
tt[1
00,1
03]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
EA
,NW
P,SE
P[3
, 8, 1
0, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 7
2, 7
8, 9
0,
96]
Cer
atau
lina
bic
orni
s (E
hren
berg
) H
asle
.[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
TP
[42,
43,
75]
Syn.
Cer
atau
lina
dae
mon
(G
revi
lle)H
asle
Cer
atau
lina
den
tata
Has
le[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
TP
[43,
75]
Cha
etoc
eros
affi
nis
Lau
der
[35,
100,
103]
Ca,
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
, N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 10,
19,
20,
75,
79,
85,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
affi
nis
var.
circ
inal
is (
Meu
nier
) H
uste
dt[1
03]
Ca
[75]
Cha
etoc
eros
ana
stom
osan
s G
runo
w[3
5,10
3]C
a,C
ar,G
M,M
ed[2
0, 2
1, 3
3, 7
5, 7
9]C
haet
ocer
os b
revi
s Sc
htt
[35,
100,
103]
Car
,GM
,Med
,NW
A,S
EP
[3, 2
0, 7
9, 8
5, 8
8]C
haet
ocer
os c
oarc
tatu
s L
aude
r[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
a,C
ar,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
WA
[19,
20,
75,
79,
85,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
com
pres
sus
Lau
der
[35,
100,
103]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
EA
,NW
A,
SEP
[3, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 9
0, 9
6]
Cha
etoc
eros
con
cavi
corn
is M
ang.
[35,
103]
Ca
[75]
Cha
etoc
eros
con
stri
ctus
Gra
n[3
5,10
3]C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,NE
A,N
WA
,SA
, SE
P[3
, 9, 1
0, 1
9, 2
0, 7
9, 8
5]C
haet
ocer
os c
urvi
setu
s C
leve
[35,
103]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 19,
20,
21,
79,
85,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
dec
ipie
ns C
leve
[35,
100,
103]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,NW
A,S
EP
[3, 1
0, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 8
5, 9
0]C
haet
ocer
os d
anic
us C
leve
[100
]E
TP,
GM
,NE
A,N
WA
[10,
19,
20,
85]
Cha
etoc
eros
did
ymus
Ehr
enbe
rg[3
5,10
0,10
3]E
TP,
Car
,GM
,IO
,NW
A,S
A,S
EP
[3, 9
, 19,
20,
21,
85,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
div
ersu
s C
leve
[35,
100,
103]
ET
P,C
ar,G
M,I
O,N
EA
[19,
20,
65,
79,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
div
ersu
s f.
laev
is (
Leu
duge
r-Fo
rtm
orel
) M
oren
o-R
uiz
et a
l.[1
03]
Ca,
EP,
ET
P[1
8, 2
0, 2
1, 7
5]
Cha
etoc
eros
eib
enii
(G
runo
w)
Meu
nier
[35,
100,
103]
Ca,
Car
,IO
,NW
A[7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os g
raci
lis
Sch
tt[N
R]
Ca,
GM
,SE
P[3
, 19,
75]
Cha
etoc
eros
lac
inio
sus
Sch
tt[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
a,C
ar,I
O,N
EA
,NW
A,S
EP
[3, 1
0, 2
1, 7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os l
aude
ri R
alfs
[35,
103]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,IO
,NW
A[7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 8
8, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os l
oren
zian
us G
runo
w[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
a,C
ar,C
TP,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,S
A,N
WA
[9, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
1, 7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 9
0,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
mes
sane
nsis
Cat
rasc
ane
[NR
]G
M,I
O[1
9, 9
0, 9
6]C
haet
ocer
os p
elag
icus
Cle
ve[N
R]
Car
,IO
,GM
[19,
79,
88,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
pen
dulu
s K
arst
en[1
03]
Car
,EC
,ET
P[2
0, 2
1, 7
2]C
haet
ocer
os p
erpu
sill
us C
leve
[35,
103]
Ca,
NW
A[7
5, 8
5]C
haet
ocer
os p
eruv
ianu
s B
righ
twel
l[3
5,10
0,10
3]C
ar,C
TP,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,N
WA
[19,
20,
41,
79,
85,
90,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
rad
ican
s Sc
hutt
[35,
100,
103]
Ca,
ET
P,IO
,NE
A,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 10,
20,
75,
85,
90]
(con
tinue
d)
Phytoplankton 7
8 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
2 (c
ontin
ued)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Cha
etoc
eros
ros
trat
us L
aude
r[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
Car
,IO
,NW
A[7
5, 7
9, 8
5, 9
0]C
haet
ocer
os s
impl
ex O
sten
feld
[35,
103]
NE
A,N
WA
[10,
85]
Cha
etoc
eros
soc
iali
s L
aude
r[3
5,10
0,10
3]E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 10,
20,
72,
85,
88,
96]
Cha
etoc
eros
sub
tili
s C
leve
[100
,103
]E
C,N
EA
,NW
A[1
0, 6
5, 7
2, 8
5]C
haet
ocer
os w
igha
mi B
righ
twel
l[N
R]
IO,N
WA
,SE
P[3
, 85,
96]
Cli
mac
odin
ium
fra
uenf
eldi
anum
Gru
now
[100
]E
TP,
GM
,IO
[20,
88,
90,
96]
Dit
ylum
bri
ghtw
elli
i (W
est)
Gru
now
[100
]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
IO,N
EA
,SA
[9, 1
0, 2
0, 2
1, 7
2, 9
6]E
ucam
pia
corn
uta
(Cle
ve)
Gru
now
[100
]C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,SE
P[2
0, 2
1, 7
8, 9
0, 9
6]E
ucam
pia
zodi
acus
Ehr
enbe
rg[N
R]
Car
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,S
A,S
EP
[3, 9
, 19,
20,
21,
90,
96]
Eup
odis
cus
radi
atus
Bai
ley
[103
]C
ar[7
7]H
elic
othe
ca t
ames
is (
Shru
bsol
e) R
icar
d[N
R]
Car
,GM
[19,
21,
37,
77,
88]
Syn.
Str
epto
thec
a ta
mes
is S
hrub
sole
Hem
iaul
us h
auck
ii G
runo
w[1
00,1
03]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed[7
, 19,
20,
65,
72,
78]
Hem
iaul
us m
embr
anac
eus
Cle
ve[1
00,1
03]
Car
,EC
,ET
P,G
M,I
O[1
9, 7
2, 7
8, 8
8]H
emia
ulus
sin
ensi
s G
revi
lle[1
00,1
03]
Car
,GM
,IO
,Med
[19,
20,
20,
21,
78,
90,
96]
Hem
idis
cus
cune
ifor
mis
Wal
lich
[NR
]C
TP,
GM
,IO
,Med
,SA
[9, 1
9, 2
1, 4
1, 9
0]Is
thm
ia n
ervo
sa K
tzi
ng[N
R]
EC
,IO
[18,
96]
Lit
hode
smiu
n un
dula
tum
Ehr
enbe
rg[N
R]
GM
,IO
,NE
A[1
9, 6
5, 8
8, 9
6]O
dont
ella
aur
ita
Aga
rdh
[NR
]C
ar,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,SE
P[3
, 10,
19,
21,
78,
88,
90]
Syn.
Bid
dulp
hia
auri
ta (
Lyng
bye)
Bre
viss
on &
God
eyO
dont
ella
lon
gicr
uris
(G
revi
lle)
Hoa
n[1
03]
EC
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 72,
96]
Odo
ntel
la m
obil
iens
is G
runo
w[1
00,1
03]
Ca,
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NE
A[8
, 19,
20,
36,
72,
78,
90,
96]
Syn.
Bid
dulp
hia
mob
ilie
nsis
Bai
ley
Odo
ntel
la r
hom
bus
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Kt
zing
[NR
]G
M,I
O,N
EA
[19,
65,
90,
96]
Syn.
Bid
dulp
hia
rhom
bus
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Smith
Rop
eria
tes
sela
ta (
Rop
er)
Gru
now
[NR
]C
ar,I
O[2
1, 9
0]Tr
igon
ium
alt
erna
ns (
Bai
ley)
Man
n[N
R]
Car
,EC
,GM
,IO
,NE
A[8
, 19,
21,
72,
96]
Syn.
Bid
dulp
hia
alte
rnan
s (B
ail.)
V.H
.Te
rpsi
noe
mus
ica
Ehr
enbe
rg[N
R]
GM
[19]
Ord
er F
RA
GIL
AR
IAL
ES
Ast
erio
nell
opsi
s gl
acia
lis
(Cat
rasc
ane)
Rou
nd S
yn.
Ast
erio
nell
a ja
poni
ca G
ran.
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,NE
A,S
A,
SEP
[3, 8
, 9, 1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 8
0, 9
0, 9
6]
Ast
erio
nell
opsi
s ka
rian
a (G
runo
w)
Rou
nd[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,NE
A[2
1, 6
5]B
leak
eley
a no
tata
(G
runo
w)
Rou
nd[N
R]
Ca,
Med
,NE
A[2
0, 7
5, 9
1]Sy
n. A
ster
ione
lla
blea
kele
yi W
. Sm
ith, A
ster
ione
lla
form
osa
var.
blea
kele
yi V
an H
eurc
kC
lim
acos
phen
ia m
onil
iger
a E
hren
berg
[NR
]C
ar,G
M,I
O[2
1, 8
0, 8
8, 9
6]G
ram
mat
opho
rta
mar
ina
(Lyn
gbie
) K
tzi
ng[N
R]
Car
,GM
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 80,
90]
Lio
lom
a pa
cific
um (
Cup
p) H
asle
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,G
M,I
O,M
ed[1
9, 2
0, 7
2, 8
0, 8
8, 9
0]Sy
n. T
hala
ssio
thri
x m
edit
erra
nea
Pavi
llard
Rha
bdon
ema
adri
atic
um K
tzi
ng[N
R]
Car
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NE
A,N
EP
[65,
80,
88,
90]
Stri
atel
la u
nipu
ncta
ta (
Lyng
bye)
Aga
rdh
[NR
]C
ar,G
M,S
A[9
, 19,
80]
Tha
lass
ione
ma
frau
enfe
ldii
(G
runo
w)
Hae
llegr
aeff
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,G
M,I
O,N
EA
,SE
P[3
, 19,
21,
29,
65,
72,
80,
90,
96]
Syn.
Tha
lass
ioth
rix
frau
enfe
ldii
Gru
now
Tha
lass
ione
ma
nitz
schi
oide
s (G
runo
w)
Mer
esch
kow
sky.
[100
,103
]C
ar,C
NP,
CT
P,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,Med
,N
EA
,SA
,SE
P[3
, 9,1
0, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
1, 8
0, 9
0,
96, 1
01]
Syn.
Tha
lass
ioth
rix
nitz
schi
oide
s G
runo
wT
hala
ssio
nem
a ni
tzsc
hioi
des
var.
parv
a H
eide
n &
Kol
be[1
00,1
03]
n.a.
n.a.
Tha
lass
ione
ma
pseu
doni
tzch
ioid
es (
Schu
ette
&
Sch
rade
r) H
asle
[NR
]T
P[4
4]
Cla
ss B
AC
ILL
AR
IOP
HY
CE
AE
Ord
er B
AC
ILL
AR
IAL
ES
Ach
nant
hes
long
ipes
Aga
rdh
[103
]C
ar,E
P,G
M,N
EA
[8, 6
5, 7
2, 8
8]A
mph
ora
spp.
[NR
]n.
a.[9
0]B
acil
lari
a pa
xill
ifer
(M
lle
r) H
ende
y[1
00,1
03]
Car
,GM
,IO
,NE
A,N
WP
[19,
21,
65,
72,
87,
90,
96]
Syn.
Nit
zsch
ia p
arad
oxa
(Gm
el.)
Gru
n.Sy
n. B
acil
lari
a pa
rado
xa G
mel
inC
occo
neis
pla
cent
ula
Ehr
eber
g[N
R]
Car
,EC
,IO
[21,
72,
90]
Cyl
indr
othe
ca c
lost
eriu
m (
Ehr
enbe
rg)
Rei
nman
&
Lew
in.
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
C,C
NP,
ET
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,
NE
A,S
A,S
EP
[3, 9
, 10,
19,
20,
21,
72,
90,
96,
10
1]Sy
n. N
itzs
chia
clo
ster
ium
(E
hren
berg
) W
. Sm
ithE
ntom
onei
s al
ata
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Ehr
enbe
rg[N
R]
Car
[8]
Has
lea
gret
haru
m S
imon
sen
[103
]IO
[90]
(con
tinue
d)
Phytoplankton 9
10 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
2 (c
ontin
ued)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Has
lea
waw
rika
e (H
uste
dt)
Sim
onse
n. S
yn. N
avic
ula
waw
rika
e H
uste
dt[1
00,1
03]
Car
,GM
,IO
[82,
87,
90]
Nav
icul
a m
embr
anac
ea C
leve
[100
,103
]E
TP,
GM
,NE
A[2
0, 6
5, 8
7]N
itzs
chia
bic
apit
ata
Cle
ve[1
00,1
03]
CN
P,C
TP,
IO[4
1, 9
0, 1
01]
Nit
zsch
ia b
ilob
ata
Wm
. Sm
ith[1
00]
Car
[21]
Nit
zsch
ia l
ongi
ssim
a (B
rebi
sson
) R
alfs
[100
,103
]C
ar,E
TP,
GM
,IO
,SE
P[3
, 19,
20,
21,
96]
Nit
zsch
ia p
acifi
ca C
upp
[100
]C
TP
[41]
Nit
zsch
ia p
andu
rifo
rmis
Gre
g.[N
R]
GM
,IO
[87,
96]
Nit
zsch
ia p
lana
Wm
. Sm
ith[N
R]
n.a.
n.a.
Pach
ynei
s ge
rlac
hii S
imon
sen
[103
]IO
[90]
Pla
giot
ropi
s su
bala
ta (
Cle
ve)
Padd
ock
[NR
]IO
[90]
Syn.
Tro
pido
neis
max
ima
var.
subs
alsa
Cle
veP
leur
osig
ma
angu
latu
m W
m. S
mith
[103
]C
ar,E
C,G
M[8
, 21,
72,
88]
Ple
uros
igm
a el
onga
tum
Wm
. Sm
ith[1
00,1
03]
IO[9
6]P
leur
osig
ma
nico
bari
cum
Gru
now
[103
]E
C[1
8]P
sam
mod
icty
on p
andu
rifo
rme
(Gre
gory
) M
ann
Syn.
N
itzs
chia
pan
duri
form
is G
rego
ry[1
03]
Car
[21]
Pse
udo-
nitz
schi
a de
lica
tiss
ima
(Cle
ve)
Hei
den.
Syn
. N
itzs
chia
del
icat
issi
ma
Cle
ve[1
00]
Ant
,NE
A,S
A,S
EP
[9, 1
0, 4
5, 6
4, 8
6]
Pse
udo-
nitz
schi
a fr
audu
lent
a C
leve
.[1
00,1
03]
SE[8
6]Sy
n. N
itzs
chia
fra
udul
enta
Cle
veP
seud
o-ni
tzsc
hia
line
ola
(Cle
ve)
Has
le.
[NR
]A
nt,S
EP
[39,
86]
Syn.
Nit
zsch
ia l
ineo
la C
leve
Pse
udo-
nitz
schi
a pu
ngen
s (G
runo
w e
x C
leve
) H
asle
.[N
R]
Au,
Car
,CT
P,E
C,G
M,S
A,S
EP
[9, 1
9, 2
1, 3
0, 4
0, 4
1, 7
2, 8
6, 8
8]Sy
n. N
itzs
chia
pun
gens
Gru
now
ex
Cle
veP
seud
o-ni
tzsc
hia
subf
raud
ulen
ta (
Has
le)
Has
le. S
yn.
Nit
zsch
ia s
ubfr
audu
lent
a H
asle
[103
]G
M,I
O[9
0, 3
9]
Suri
rell
a fa
stuo
sa (
Ehr
enbe
rg)
Kt
zing
[100
,103
]C
ar,G
M,I
O[1
9, 2
1, 8
8, 9
0]
DIN
OPH
YTA
Cla
ss D
INO
PH
YC
EA
EO
rder
PR
OR
OC
EN
TR
AL
ES
Pro
roce
ntru
m a
poru
m (
Schi
ller)
Dod
ge[N
R]
Car
,Med
,NE
A,T
A,T
P[2
3]P
roro
cent
rum
bal
ticu
m (
Loh
man
n) L
oebl
ich
III
Syn.
E
xuvi
aell
a ba
ltic
a L
ohm
ann
[99,
100,
104]
Ca,
EP,
GM
,NE
A,N
WA
,SW
A,
NW
P,N
EP
[5, 1
0, 2
3, 4
1, 5
2, 6
3, 6
6]
Pro
roce
ntru
m c
ompr
essu
m (
Bai
ley)
Ab
ex
Dod
ge[N
R]
Au,
Ca,
Med
,NE
A,N
WA
,NW
P, S
WA
[5, 2
3, 4
7, 4
8, 5
2, 6
6]P
roro
cent
rum
den
tatu
m S
tein
[NR
]B
I,C
a,M
ed,T
A,T
P,N
WA
,NW
P[2
2, 2
3, 5
2, 5
3, 6
6]P
roro
cent
rum
gra
cile
Sch
tt
[35,
99,1
00]
Ca,
Car
,Med
,NE
A,N
WA
,SW
A, T
P[5
, 21,
22,
23,
48,
52,
53,
66]
Pro
roce
ntru
m l
ima
(Ehr
enbe
rg)
Dod
ge[N
R]
Au,
Ca,
Car
,EC
,GM
,NE
A[2
1, 2
3, 3
0, 4
8, 5
2, 6
3, 6
6, 7
2]P
roro
cent
rum
max
imun
(G
ourr
et)
Schi
ller
[99]
Ca,
Car
,EP,
IO,M
ed,G
P,T
P[2
1, 2
2, 2
3, 3
6, 4
1, 5
2, 5
3, 6
6]Sy
n. P
roro
cent
rum
mex
ican
um O
sori
o-Ta
fall
Pro
roce
ntru
m m
ican
s E
hren
berg
[35,
99,1
00]
Ca,
Car
,Med
,SA
,SE
P,SW
A,T
P[2
, 5, 9
, 20,
21,
52,
53,
66,
76]
Pro
roce
ntru
m m
inim
um (
Pavi
llard
) Sc
hille
r[N
R]
Au,
Ca,
Car
,Med
,NE
P,N
WP,
NW
A,S
WA
,TP
[6, 2
1, 2
2, 2
3, 2
7, 3
0, 5
3, 6
1, 6
3]
Pro
roce
ntru
m r
ostr
atum
Ste
in[N
R]
Au,
Ca,
Car
,IO
,Med
,TA
,TP,
SWA
[5, 2
1, 2
2, 2
3, 4
8, 5
2, 5
3, 6
6]P
roro
cent
rum
tri
esti
num
Sch
iller
[NR
]B
I,M
ed,N
WA
,NW
P,SE
A,T
P[2
1, 2
2, 2
3, 5
3, 6
9]O
rder
DIN
OP
HY
SIA
LE
SA
mph
isol
enia
bid
enta
ta S
chr
der
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,T
P,TA
,TP
[21,
48,
52,
66]
Din
ophy
sis
acut
a E
hren
berg
[NR
]A
u,C
a,C
ar,G
M,M
ed,N
EA
,SW
P[1
0, 1
2, 2
1, 2
3, 3
0, 6
3, 8
4]D
inop
hysi
s ca
udat
a Sa
ville
-Ken
t.[3
5,99
,100
]C
a,C
ar,G
M,M
ed,N
EA
,SW
A,T
A[5
, 6, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 5
1, 5
2, 6
4, 6
6]Sy
n. D
inop
hysi
s ho
mun
culu
s St
ein
Din
ophy
sis
fort
ii P
avill
ard
[NR
]C
a,M
ed,S
A,S
WA
,SW
P,TA
,TP
[5, 9
, 12,
48,
52,
66]
Din
ophy
sis
hast
ata
Stei
n[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,BI,
GM
,TA
,TP,
NE
A,S
WA
[5, 2
1, 5
2, 6
6, 8
4]D
inop
hysi
s ov
um S
cht
t[9
9]C
a,C
ar,N
EA
,NW
A,S
WA
,SW
P[1
2, 2
1, 2
3, 5
2, 6
6]D
inop
hysi
s tr
ipos
Gou
rret
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,G
M,N
WA
,SW
A,S
WP
[5, 6
, 12,
19,
21,
51,
52,
66]
Orn
itho
cerc
us m
agni
ficus
Ste
in[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,Med
,GM
,TA
,TP
[21,
48,
52,
66,
83]
Pha
lacr
oma
mit
ra S
cht
t[N
R]
Car
,SW
A[5
, 21]
Pha
lacr
oma
rotu
ndat
um (
Cla
pare
de &
Lac
hman
n)
Kof
oid
& M
iche
ner
[99]
Au,
Car
,NE
A,N
WP,
NW
A,S
A,
SWA
,SW
P[5
, 9, 1
0, 1
2, 1
3, 2
1, 3
0]
Syn.
Din
ophy
sis
rotu
ndat
a C
lapa
rede
& L
achm
ann
Ord
er G
ON
YA
UL
AC
AL
ES
Ale
xand
rium
cat
enel
la (
Whe
don
& K
ofoi
d) B
alec
h[1
00,1
04]
Au,
Ca,
NE
P,N
EA
,NW
A,N
WP,
N
WA
,SA
,SE
P,T
P[6
, 9, 2
3, 3
0, 5
2, 1
06]
(con
tinue
d)
Phytoplankton 11
12 Species List
Spec
ies
Lis
t 1.
2 (c
ontin
ued)
Spec
ies
and
com
mon
syn
onym
sR
epor
ts f
or C
.R.a
Wor
ld r
epor
tsb
Ref
eren
ces
for
wor
ld r
epor
tsc
Syn.
Gon
yaul
ax c
aten
ella
Whe
don
& K
ofoi
dA
lexa
ndri
um m
onil
atum
(H
owel
l) B
alec
h[9
9,10
0,10
4]C
a,C
ar,G
M,N
WA
,SE
P[6
, 21,
52,
54,
66,
105
]Sy
n. G
essn
eriu
m m
onil
atum
(H
owel
l) L
oebl
ich
Am
ylax
tri
acan
ta (
Jrg
ense
n) S
ourn
ia[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,NE
A[1
0, 2
1, 2
3, 5
2, 6
6]Sy
n. G
onya
ulax
tri
acan
ta J
rge
nsen
Cer
atiu
m a
zori
cum
Cle
ve[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,IO
,Med
,NE
A,S
EP,
SWA
,SW
P,T
P[5
, 8, 2
0, 2
1, 2
3, 4
6, 4
8, 5
2, 6
6]
Cer
atiu
m c
ande
labr
um (
Ehr
enbe
rg)
Stei
n[1
00]
Ca,
Car
,EP,
Med
,NE
A,T
A,S
WA
[5, 2
0, 2
1, 2
3, 4
1, 4
8, 5
2, 6
6]C
erat
ium
den
s O
sten
feld
& S
chm
idth
[NR
]A
u,C
a,SA
,SW
A,T
P[5
, 9, 1
6, 4
7, 4
8, 1
08]
Cer
atiu
m f
urca
Cla
pare
de &
Lac
hman
n[3
5,10
0]A
u,C
a,C
ar,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
WA
,SA
,SE
A,S
WA
[5, 9
, 19,
20,
21,
46,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m f
urca
var
. hir
cus
(Sch
ede
r) M
arga
leff
ex
Sour
nia
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,G
M,S
WA
[5, 5
2]
Cer
atiu
m f
usus
(E
hren
berg
) D
ujar
din
[35,
100]
Ca,
Car
,EP,
GM
,Med
,NE
A,T
A,T
P,SW
A[5
, 10,
19,
20,
21,
41,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m k
ofoi
dii J
rge
nsen
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,T
P,SW
A[5
, 21,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m l
inea
tum
(E
hren
berg
) C
leve
[100
]A
u,C
a,C
ar,B
I,N
EA
,NW
A,S
A,
SEA
,SE
P,SW
A[5
, 9, 2
1, 2
3, 4
6, 4
8, 5
2, 6
6]
Cer
atiu
m m
acro
cero
s (E
hren
berg
) V
anh
ffen
[100
]C
a,C
ar,B
I,G
M,N
EA
,SW
A,T
A,T
P[5
, 19,
21,
23,
48,
52,
66,
]C
erat
ium
mas
sili
ense
(G
ourr
et)
Jrg
ense
n[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,IO
,Med
,NE
A,S
EP,
SE
A,S
WA
,SW
P[5
, 19,
20,
21,
23,
46,
48,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m m
inut
um J
rge
nsen
[NR
]A
u,C
a,M
ed,N
EA
,NW
A[7
, 23,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m p
enta
gonu
m G
ourr
et[N
R]
Ca,
Car
,EP,
GM
,Med
,SW
A[5
, 19,
20,
21,
41,
48,
52,
66]
Cer
atiu
m t
ripo
s (M
lle
r) N
itzsc
h[1
00]
Ca,
Car
,GM
,Med
,NE
A,S
EP,
SWA
[5, 1
9, 2
0, 2
1, 4
6, 4
8, 5
2, 6
6]C
erat
ocor
ys h
orri
da S
tein
[NR
]C
a,C
ar,M
ed,S
WA
,TA
[5, 2
0, 2
1, 5
2, 6
6]G
onya
ulax
dig
ital
e (P
ouch
.) K
ofoi
d[3
5,99
]A
u,C
a,C
ar,M
ed,N
EA
[10,
20,
21,
23,
52,
66,
108
]G
onya
ulax
gri
ndle
yi R
eine
cke
[99]
Ca,
Med
,NE
A,S
EA
,SW
A[5
, 7, 2
3, 5
2, 6
6]Sy
n. P
roto
cera
tium
ret
icul
atum
(C
lapa
rede
&
Lac
hman
n) B
utsc
hli.
Gon
yaul
ax p
olyg
ram
ma
Stei
n[9
9]A
u,C
a,C
ar,E
P,G
M,I
O,M
ed,N
EA
,TA
,TP,
SWA
[5, 2
0, 2
1, 3
0, 4
1, 4
6, 5
2, 6
6, 9
4]
Gon
yaul
ax s
pini
fera
(C
lapa
rede
& L
achm
ann)
Die
sing
[99]
Ca,
EC
,NE
A,S
a,SW
A,T
P,TA
[5, 9
, 10,
23,
52,
66,
72]
Gon
yaul
ax t
urby
nei M
urra
y &
Whi
ting
[NR
]A
u,N
EA
,SW
A[5
, 23,
108
]L
ingu
lodi
nium
pol
yedr
um (
Stei
n) D
odge
[99]
Ca,
Car
,Med
,NE
A,S
A,S
WA
,TP
[2, 5
, 7, 9
, 10,
20,
23,
27,
47,
52,
66]
Syn.
Gon
yaul
ax p
olye
dra
Stei
nO
xyto
xum
sco
lopa
x St
ein
[NR
]E
P,G
M,N
EA
,SW
A,S
WP
[5, 1
9, 2
3, 4
1, 8
2]P
yroc
ysti
s lu
nula
(Sc
htt)
Sch
tt
[NR
]C
a,M
ed,S
WA
[5, 2
0, 2
3, 5
2, 6
6]P
yroc
ysti
s no
ctil
uca
Mur
ray
ex S
cht
t[N
R]
Ca,
Med
,NE
A,S
WA
,SE
A[5
, 20,
23,
52,
65,
66]
Syn.
Pyr
ocys
tis
pseu
dono
ctil
uca
Wyv
ille-
Tho
mps
onP
yrod
iniu
m b
aham
ense
var
. com
pres
sum
(B
hm
) St
eidi
nger
Tes
ter
& T
aylo
r[3
5,72
,99,
100]
Au,
Ca,
Car
,IO
,SW
P,T
P[4
, 30,
52,
66,