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Welcome to CJ 101 Unit 7 Seminar. Take a deep breath and relax. We’ll be starting at the top of the hour. Talk amongst yourselves ~ J. C. Paez. Seminars. Grading criteria. 50% = Content: Posts are on topic and contributes to the quality of the seminar - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Welcome to CJ 101 Unit 7 Seminar
Take a deep breath and relax.
We’ll be starting at the top of the hour.
Talk amongst yourselves
~ J. C. Paez
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
2
SEMINARS
GRADING CRITERIA
50% = Content: Posts are on topic and contributes to the quality of the seminar 25% = Participation: Frequent interaction on concepts being discussed 25% = Attendance: Arrives on time and stays the entire seminar
Course Work
Review your Gradebook for units 1-6
•Retake quizzes with low scores
•Submit alternate assignments for missed seminars
•Any other missing assignments
Unit 7 Discussion Board
Casey Anthony Trial
AVOID interjecting your emotions into the discussion
Review the parts of the criminal trial and the types of evidence (circumstantial, direct, and real) in Chapter 10 of your text.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
5
PRE-TRIAL ACTIVITIES & CRIMINAL TRIAL
SENTENCING
PRETRIAL ACTIVITIES
Several activities take place before a trial can begin:
First appearance Pretrial release and bail The grand jury (23 – 50%) The preliminary hearing (50% PC) Arraignment and plea
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
7
Pretrial release decisions consider risk of flight or nonappearance in court and risk to public safety. Decisions focus on:
Seriousness of pending charges Prior record Information about the defendant Available supervisory options if released
PRETRIAL RELEASE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
8
The most common pretrial release mechanism is bail, the posting of a bond as a pledge that the accused will return for court proceedings.
Bail serves two purposes:
1. Helps ensure reappearance of the accused in court.
2. Prevents persons from suffering imprisonment unnecessarily.
PRETRIAL RELEASE
STATE AND FEDERAL DEFENDANTS RELEASED BEFORE TRIAL
STAGES IN A CRIMINAL TRIAL
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
11
Imprisonment Fines Probation Death
TRADITIONAL SENTENCING OPTIONS
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
12
1) Retribution
2) Incapacitation
3) Deterrence
4) Rehabilitation
5) Restoration
GOALS OF SENTENCING
Five goals influence modern sentencing practices:
PERCENTAGE OF SENTENCE TO BE SERVED BY NEW COMMITMENTS TO STATE PRISON
Offense Type Percentage
Violent
Property
Drug
Public-order
Average for all felonies ??
Bureau of Justice Statistics
PERCENTAGE OF SENTENCE TO BE SERVED BY NEW COMMITMENTS TO STATE PRISON
Offense Type Percentage
Violent 51
Property 46
Drug 46
Public-order 49
Average for all felonies 49
Bureau of Justice Statistics
FEDERAL SENTENCING GUIDELINES
Established under Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 and took effect in November 1987.
9 member commission set minimum sentences for certain federal offenses commission meets yearly to review guidelines.
The U.S. Sentencing Commission
FEDERAL SENTENCING GUIDELINES
Limit federal judges’ discretion Reduce disparity Promote consistency and uniformity Increase fairness and equity
Purpose of the Guidelines is to:
THREE STRIKES LAWS
Some states have “Three Strikes Laws,” which require mandatory sentences (sometimes life without parole) when convicted of third serious felony.
The intent is to deter known and potentially violent offenders and to incapacitate repeat criminals for long periods of time.
THREE STRIKES LAWS
Any advantages with the three strikes laws?
THREE STRIKES LAWS
Any disadvantages with the three strikes laws?
THE DEATH PENALTY
The most extreme of all possible sanctions and is reserved only for especially repugnant crimes (known as capital offenses).
THE EXTENT OF DEATH PENALTY STATUTES
Capital punishment is a sentencing option is 38 states and the federal government.
States vary considerably with regard to the number of death sentences given and the number of executions.
COURT-ORDERED EXECUTIONS CARRIED OUT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1930-2005
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006
OFFENDERS ON DEATH ROW
On January 1, 2006, there were 3,254 people on death row in the U.S.
98% male 43% white 13% Hispanic 42% African American 2% were of other races (mostly Native American and Pacific Islander)
QUESTIONS?
Any questions regarding tonight’s seminar?
Any questions on upcoming assignment?
Thank you!
Email me if you have any problems or questions during the unit.
Thank you,
~ J. C.