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Welcome to the Welcome to the IEEE IPR Office IEEE IPR Office
Plagiarism TutorialPlagiarism Tutorial
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The IEEE recognizes the The IEEE recognizes the importance of educating its importance of educating its authors, editors and readers authors, editors and readers about the problems of plagiarism. about the problems of plagiarism.
This tutorial will help clarify what This tutorial will help clarify what plagiarism is, how to avoid it plagiarism is, how to avoid it when writing and what to do upon when writing and what to do upon discovering it in a submitted discovering it in a submitted manuscript or published paper.manuscript or published paper.
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What Is Plagiarism?What Is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism is…
…to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source.
The American Heritage Dictionary (2nd College Ed.) …to take and use as one’s own the writings or ideas of another.
IEEE PSPB Operations Manual (from Section 8.2.1.B.7)
… the reuse of someone else’s prior ideas, processes, results, or words without explicitly acknowledging the original author and source.
Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (10th edition)
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Why Is Plagiarism Why Is Plagiarism a Serious Offense?a Serious Offense?
To reuse someone else’s work and make it appear to be your own denies the original author credit for his or her contributions to the research and to Society.
If you neglect to properly cite the work you borrow, either by choice or by accident, you are committing plagiarism.
It is important for all IEEE authors to recognize that plagiarism in any form, at any level, is unacceptable and is considered a serious breach of professional and ethical conduct.
It should also be noted that plagiarism is a type ofcopyright infringement, and as such may also subject an author to legal liability.
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Does Plagiarism Apply Only Does Plagiarism Apply Only to to
Books, Journals, and Books, Journals, and Magazines?Magazines?
Books
Click the items above that you think are covered by plagiarism.
Then click HERE for the correct answer.
The following is a list of various types of intellectual property. Can you identify the items that the rules of plagiarism cover?
All publicly distributed material is subject to the same rules of plagiarism.
Electronic Media
Magazines
Photos, Charts, and TablesConference ProceedingsJournals and Transactions
Multimedia Presentations
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Are There Degrees of Are There Degrees of Plagiarism?Plagiarism?
Level One: The uncredited verbatim copying of a full paper, or the verbatim copying of a major portion (greater than half of the original paper)
At IEEE, acts of plagiarism are categorized into five levels, or degrees, of misconduct, ranging from the most serious (Level One) to the least serious (Level Five).
Click on the thermometer to view a description of each level.
Level Two: The uncredited verbatim copying of a large portion (less than half of the original paper).
Level Three: The uncredited verbatim copying of individual elements (e.g., paragraphs, sentences, figures)
Level Four: The uncredited improper paraphrasing of pages or paragraphs
Level Five: The credited verbatim copying of a major portion of a paper without clear delineation (e.g., quotes or indents)
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How Does IEEE Respond to How Does IEEE Respond to Plagiarism?Plagiarism?
In recognizing the different levels of plagiarism, the IEEE has defined corresponding levels of corrective actions.
Corrective actions range from a Notice of Violation posted in IEEE Xplore and prohibition of publication in all IEEE-copyrighted publications, to submitting a letter of apology to the author of the original work.
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The Five Levels of Corrective Actions
Level One: • Publication of a Notice of Violation of Publication Principles in IEEE
Xplore and in the appropriate IEEE publication • Prohibition of publication in all IEEE-copyrighted publications by the
offending authors(s) for 3 to 5 years• Rejection and return of all papers by the author(s) that are currently in
review or in any IEEE publication queue (papers may be re-submitted after prohibition term has expired).
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Level Two: • Publication of a Notice of Violation of Publication Principles in IEEE
Xplore and in the appropriate IEEE publication• Prohibition of publication in all IEEE-copyrighted publications by the
offending authors(s) for 1 to 3 years.• Rejection and return of all papers by the author(s) that are currently in
review or in any IEEE publication queue (papers may be re-submitted after prohibition term has expired).
The Five Levels of Corrective Actions
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Level Five: Offending author(s) prepare and submit apology to the original author(s) and publication editor, and prepare correction or retraction and submit this document to the editor for publication.
Level Four: Offending author(s) prepare and submit apology to the plagiarized author(s) and publication editor.
Level Three: Offending author(s) prepare and submit apology to the plagiarized author(s) and to the editor of the publication where the plagiarized work was submitted.
The Five Levels of Corrective Actions
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How Can I Avoid Plagiarizing?How Can I Avoid Plagiarizing?
If Author A would like to use text, charts, photographs, or other graphics from Author B’s original material, then Author A must do two important things:
1. Clearly indicate the reused material by using quotation marks or indentations and provide a full reference to the original material (publication title, author name, article title, etc.)
2. Obtain written permission from the publisher or, if the reused material has not been published, obtain written permission from the original author.
Two Important Factors
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How Do I Report Plagiarism?How Do I Report Plagiarism?
If you are an IEEE author and have discovered that your IEEE workwas reused inappropriately either in another IEEE publication or in a non-IEEE publication, then you should prepare a "case" by collecting as much material as possible. For example,
1. A marked copy of your original paper showing the specific text that was reused2. A marked copy of the paper in which your uncredited work appears showing your
specific text3. A written description of the alleged misconduct4. Copies of any communications you might have already had with the "authors" who
may have misused your work.
Once you have collected all the necessary material, you should submit your case to theeditor of the publication (or the sponsoring IEEE Society of the publication) in which themisconduct occurred. If the contact information for the editor is unavailable, you shouldsend your case to the IEEE Intellectual Property Rights Office (see contact info at theend of this presentation).
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If you are an IEEE volunteer editor (the person responsible for any IEEE publication is termed "the editor") and have either discovered on your own or been contacted by someone concerning an apparent case of inappropriate copying, then you should review Section 8.2.2 of the PSPB Operations Manual, which provides detailed guidelines for dealing with instances of plagiarism.
If you are a reader and have discovered an apparent case of inappropriate copying, then you should contact the editor of the publication or the IEEE Intellectual Property Rights Office.
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Where Can I Get More Information?Where Can I Get More Information?
•Guidelines for Handling Plagiarism Complaints
•Identifying Plagiarism
•Investigating Possible Misconduct
•IEEE IPR Policies & Guidelines
•A Plagiarism FAQ
Below are some clickable links to more information on plagiarism offered by the IEEE IPR Office.
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For additional information, or questions related to plagiarism, please contact the IEEE IPR Office.
IEEE Intellectual Property Rights445 Hoes LanePiscataway, NJ [email protected] (732) 562-3966
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The IPR Tutorial Series
For other tutorials on IPR-related topics, such as
• Trademarks• Copyrights• Patents
Please visit the IEEE IPR Office web site
www.ieee.org/copyrights/tutorials
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This concludes the IEEE IPR Office This concludes the IEEE IPR Office Plagiarism Tutorial. Plagiarism Tutorial.
We hope it helped to provide We hope it helped to provide a better understanding a better understanding
of plagiarism.of plagiarism.
Copyright © 2007 IEEE
