Well development techniquesWell development techniques

Purposes of studying on discipline: Studying the well development

techniques.

Purposes of studying on discipline: Studying the well development

techniques.

Tasks of studying on discipline:Students knowledge acquisition on

destination and operation principles of equipment for well development.

Tasks of studying on discipline:Students knowledge acquisition on

destination and operation principles of equipment for well development.

Well flowing is possible when reservoir energy is large enough to meet the followng condition:

General indispensable

condition for well flowing утргсз pppp

зпл pp

Bottom-hole pressure magnitude must be high enough to overcome:

Hydrostatic pressure of fluid in a flow column; Friction pressure drops in a tube equipment; Wellhead pressure.

Flowing well developmentFlowing well development

Reservoir pressure must be larger than the bottom-hole pressure to produce the well stream

Oil-well artesian flowing (Well flowing, without gas bubble)

It is possible when:• Well-fluid does not contain the solute gas and the bottom-

hole pressure exceeds hydrostatic pressure of fluid in a flow column;

• Well-fluid contains the solute gas and the well-head pressure exceeds the saturation pressure.

Oil-well flowing at the expense of gas energy(Well flowing, with gas bubble)

Well flowing may occur when: Bottom-hole pressure exceeds the saturation pressure (gas

is separated in a flow column); Bottom-hole pressure is lower than saturation pressure (gas

is separated in a well bottom zone).

Clipping of a flow column;

Flow control;

Pressure measuring in a flow line and in an annular space of a well;

Transporting various measuring devices to a bottom hole

is one where the flowing occurs at the expense of reservoir energy.

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Flow head includes: Casing head, Christmas tree

Flowing wellFlowing well

Flow head provides the following: Flow head provides the following:

Three-way flow head schemeThree-way flow head scheme

1. Christmas tree

2. Casing head;

3. Valve gates;

4. Three-way tee;

5. Bean;

6. Buffer valve gate with a cross-over valve and manometer.

The application advisability of the cross-way flow head scheme is caused by necessity to replace the bean

without well shutdown.

Cross-way flow head schemeCross-way flow head scheme

1. Christmas tree

2. Casing head;

3. Valve gates;

4. Cross tee;

5. Bean;

6. Buffer valve gate with a cross-over valve and manometer.

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23

45

6

5

WellWell flowing control devicedevices s (beans)

Operating conditions of flowing wells may vary by:

Creation of opposite pressure in a flow line with the help of a well-head

bean

Creation of local flow resistance in the bottom section of flow column with the help of bottom-hole bean

Selection of a diameter and length of a flow column

Operating conditions of a flowing well depends on the fluid consumption, which is regulated by the

modification of a bean throat

Well-head bean with a demountable bush

1. Flange;

2. Metal gasket;

3. Metal case;

4. Demountable bush;

5. Socket.

Such bean is applied in oil wells with large content of mechanical impurities

Regulation of the fluid consumption is realized by the modification of a demountable bush throat.

Regulation of the fluid consumption is realized by the modification of a demountable bush throat.

Adjustable well-head bean

1. Demountable nozzle;2. Needle tip;3. Metal case;4. Rod;5. Post;6. Handwheel.

Such bean is applied in oil wells with low content of mechanical

impurities

Stepped regulation of the fluid consumption is realized by the modification of a demountable

nozzle throat.Stepless regulation of the fluid consumption is realized by the modification of the throat area

between a needle tip and nozzle (by rotation of a handwheel )

Mechanical well development techniques are based on the utilization of additional energy:

Pump mechanical energy Compressed gas energy

Pumping well development Gas-lift well development

Mechanical well development techniques are used when the reservoir energy exhausts.

Mechanical well development techniques are used when the reservoir energy exhausts.

Mechanical well development technique application