West Virginia 2000- · PDF fileEconomic Impact of Travel on West Virginia 2000-2012 Detailed State and County Estimates October 2013 prepared for the West Virginia Division of Tourism

Economic Impact of Travel

on West Virginia 2000-2012 Detailed State and County Estimates

Photo credit: West Virginia Division of Tourism

October 2013

Prepared for the

West Virginia Division of Tourism

South Charleston, West Virginia

Economic Impact of Travel

on West Virginia

2000-2012 Detailed State and County Estimates

October 2013

prepared for the

West Virginia Division of Tourism

South Charleston, West Virginia

Dean Runyan Associates

833 SW Eleventh Avenue, Suite 920

Portland, Oregon 97205 503/226-2973

www.deanrunyan.com

This page intentionally blank

DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1

II: West Virginia Travel Impacts ................................................................................. 5

Direct Impacts of Travel in West Virginia: A Summary .............................................. 6

Gross State Product ................................................................................................ 12

III. Regional Travel Impacts ...................................................................................... 15

IV. County Travel Impacts ........................................................................................ 29

Appendices ................................................................................................................ 41

Appendix A. Regional Travel Impact Model (RTIM) Methodology ......................... 43

Appendix B. Definition of Terms ............................................................................ 45

Appendix C. Travel Industry Business Classifications .............................................. 47

PAGE ii DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

page

State Travel Impacts

West Virginia Direct Travel Impacts, 2000-2012 7

West Virginia Visitor Spending Adjusted for Inflation, 2000-2012 8

West Virginia Visitor Spending by Type of Traveler Accommodation, 2012 8

West Virginia Visitor Spending by Commodity Purchased, 2012 9

West Virginia Direct Employment Generated by Travel Spending, 2012 9

State and Local Travel-Generated Government Revenue, 2012 10

West Virginia Visitor Impacts, 2004-2012 11

West Virginia Travel Industry Gross Domestic Product, 2012 12

West Virginia Gross Domestic Product, 2010 & 2011: Selected Export-Orientated Industries 13

Regional Travel Impacts

Northern Panhandle Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 17

Mid-Ohio Valley Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 18

Metro Valley Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 19

Mountain Lakes Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 20

New River/Greenbrier Valley Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 21

Potomac Highlands Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 22

Eastern Panhandle Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 23

Mountaineer Country Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 24

Hatfield-McCoy Mountains Travel Impacts, 2004-2012 25

Summary: Regional Travel Impacts, 2012 26-27

County Travel Impacts

Barbour through Clay, 2004-2012 31

Doddridge through Hardy, 2004-2012 32

Harrison through McDowell, 2004-2012 33

Marion through Monroe, 2004-2012 34

Morgan through Putnam, 2004-2012 35

Raleigh through Tyler, 2004-2012 36

Upshur through Wyoming, 2004-2012 37

Total & Travel-Generated Employment and Earnings by County, 2012 38-39

DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE iii

PREFACE

The purpose of this study is to document the economic significance of the

travel industry in West Virginia from 2000 to 2012. These findings show the

level of travel spending by visitors traveling to and within the state and the

impact this spending had on the economy in terms of earnings, employment,

and tax revenue.

Dean Runyan Associates prepared this study for then West Virginia Division of

Tourism. Dean Runyan Associates has specialized in research and planning

services for the travel, tourism and recreation industry since 1984. With

respect to economic impact analysis, the firm developed and currently

maintains the Regional Travel Impact Model (RTIM), a proprietary computer

model for analyzing travel economic impacts at the state, regional and local

level. Dean Runyan Associates also has extensive experience in project

feasibility analysis, market evaluation, survey research, and travel and tourism

planning.

Many individuals and agencies provided information and advice for this report.

Among the organizations involved in this effort were the West Virginia

Department of Tax and Revenue, the West Virginia Racing Commission, the

West Virginia Lottery, and the West Virginia State Parks and Forests. Federal

agencies that provided assistance included the USDA Forest Service, the

Department of Labor and the Bureau of Economic Analysis.

Finally, special thanks are due to Joe Black, Director of Research, West

Virginia Division of Tourism. Without his support and assistance, this report

would not have been possible.

Dean Runyan Associates

833 SW 11th Ave., Suite 920

Portland, OR 97205

(503) 226-2973

[email protected]

www.deanrunyan.com


DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE 1

I. Introduction

Visitors traveling to and throughout West Virginia represent an important

component of the state's economy. Travel originating in domestic and

international markets generates valuable business sales, payroll, employment

and tax receipts for the state as well as for local jurisdictions. Further, many

locations within West Virginia serve as travel destinations in their own right.

These areas accordingly consider travel and tourism a primary industry.

Objectives

This report describes the economic impacts of travel to and through the state of

West Virginia and each of its 55 counties from 2000 to 2012. Previous

estimates may be slightly adjusted when original data sources are revised.

Detailed breakouts of travel impacts are provided for 2004 through 2012 at the

state level, the nine tourism regions, and the 55 counties. A primary objective

of this research is to provide reliable, detailed figures that allow comparisons

from year-to year for the state and county levels.

Direct Impacts

The estimates of the direct impacts associated with traveler spending in West

Virginia were produced using the Regional Travel Impact Model (RTIM)

developed by Dean Runyan Associates. The input data used to detail the

economic impacts of the West Virginia travel industry were gathered from

various local, state and federal sources.

Travel impacts consist of estimates of travel spending and the employment,

earnings, and state and local taxes generated by this spending. These estimates

are also broken out by type of traveler accommodation and by the type of

business in which the expenditures occur. A description of RTIM

methodology is included in Appendix A.

Gross State Product

An estimate of the Gross State Product of the travel industry is also included in this

report. Gross State Product is a measure of industry output that excludes the value

of intermediate inputs purchased from businesses in other industries. As a single

measure, it provides a more meaningful gauge of industry output than spending,

earnings, or tax receipts. It also permits comparisons with other industries.

Types of Travel Impacts Included

Most of the travel that occurs in West Virginia is included in the scope of this

analysis. The purpose of such travel can be for business, pleasure, shopping, to

attend meetings, or for personal, medical, or educational purposes. All trips to West

Virginia by U.S. residents and foreign visitors are included. The travel of West

Virginia residents to other destinations in West Virginia is included, provided that it

is neither commuting nor other routine travel. Travel to non-West Virginia

PAGE 2 DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES

destinations by West Virginia residents in not included as a component of visitor

spending.

The impacts associated with travel are included if the travelers remain at the

destination overnight and day travel for both in-state and out-of-state residents

whose trip does not include an overnight stay at a destination in West Virginia. In

general, the terms “traveler” and “visitor” are used interchangeably in this report.

Both represent a person who is traveling in the state of West Virginia, away from his

or her home, on a trip as defined above.

State and Local Government Revenue

Approximately 70 percent of all travel-generated government revenue accrues to

state government in West Virginia. State taxes include the 6 percent state sales tax,

the motor fuel tax, income taxes on travel-generated earnings and travel-related

business income, and state revenue generated through racetrack video lottery and

wagering (distributed by the West Virginia Lottery and the West Virginia Racing

Commission). Local taxes consist of the Hotel/Motel Occupancy Tax and the

Business & Occupation Tax, levied by municipal governments in West Virginia.

The West Virginia Lottery makes distributions to racetrack and non-racetrack

counties and municipalities throughout the state.

Transportation Impacts

The focus of this analysis is on the destination-specific impacts of visitors. This is

straightforward with respect to the spending on commodities such as

accommodations, food services, recreation, and retail purchases. It is less obvious

with respect to ground and air transportation services, in that transportation provides

a link between an origin and destination. In this report, the impacts related to

spending on transportation are allocated to the location (i.e., region or county) in

which those spending impacts occur, regardless of whether that location is the

ultimate destination of the visitor. For this reason, counties with urban centers will

tend to have relatively greater transportation impacts even though some of that

spending on transportation will be related to visits at other destinations.


Impact Categories

Visitor Categories

Impact Category Description

Expenditures Purchases by travelers during their trip, including hotel/motel

occupancy taxes and other applicable local and state taxes, paid by

the traveler at the point of sale.

Total Earnings The earnings (wage and salary disbursements, earned benefits, and

proprietor income) of employees and owners of businesses that

receive travel expenditures. Only the earnings attributable to travel

expenditures are included; this typically is only a portion of all

business receipts.

Employment Employment associated with the above earnings; this includes both

full- and part-time positions of wage and salary workers and

proprietors.

Local Tax Receipts Hotel/motel occupancy tax levied by cities and counties. Property

taxes are not included.

State Tax Receipts State exise taxes including sales and motor fuel taxes, income taxes

attributable to travel-generated personal earnings and business

receipts, and taxes on gaming revenue (levied by the West Virginia

Lottery and the West Virginia Racing Commission).

Type of Visitor Description

Hotel/Motel/B&B

Guest

Travelers staying in hotels, motels, resorts, bed & breakfast

establishments, and other commercial accommodations, excluding

campgrounds, where a hotel/motel occupancy tax is collected.

Private Camper Travelers staying in a privately owned (i.e., commercial)

campground.

Public Camper Travelers staying in a publicly managed campground such as those

managed by West Virginia State Parks and Forests, the U.S. Forest

Service, or the National Park Service.

Private Home Visitor Travelers staying as guests with friends or relatives.

Vacation Home

Visitor

Travelers using their own vacation home or timeshare and those

borrowing or renting a vacation home where hotel/motel occupancy

tax is not collected.

Day Visitor Both in-state and out-of-state residents whose trip does not include

an overnight stay at a destination in West Virginia.


Report Contents

Section II provides an overview of Travel Impacts in the state, detailed estimates for

2004 through 2012, an estimate of gross state product, and the relative impacts for

counties measured in terms of the proportion of total earnings and employment that

is travel-generated. Section III details estimates for the nine tourism regions.

Section IV contains summary estimates for all of West Virginia’s 55 counties.

The first part of this section focuses on the direct impacts of travel spending. This

section provides an overview of travel-generated impacts since 2000, including state

and local tax revenues directly generated by travel spending. More detailed travel

impacts for the state are reported on the following pages.

A description of the RTIM methodology is included in Appendix A. Definitions of

the travel terms used in this report can be found in Appendix B. Appendix C

provides a description of travel industries in terms of NAICS.


II: West Virginia Travel Impacts

2000-2012


West Virginia’s $5.1 billion in travel-generated spending is a vital part of the state and

local economies. In some areas of the state, it is one of the primary sources of

earnings and employment. The types of business that serve travelers are represented

primarily by service and retail firms, including lodging establishments, restaurants,

gaming establishments, recreation-orientated businesses, retail stores, gasoline service

stations, transportation, and other travel-related services. The money that is spent on

these goods and services in West Virginia produces business receipts at these firms,

which in turn employ West Virginia residents. State and local government units

benefit from the travel industry as well through the collection of taxes on the sale of

goods and services and on the income generated by these sales.

DIRECT IMPACTS OF TRAVEL IN WEST VIRGINIA: A SUMMARY

Travel spending by all overnight and day visitors in West Virginia was

$5.1 billion in the 2012 calendar year. This is equivalent to

approximately $13.9 million dollars per day.

Travel spending in West Virginia has increased by 6.3 percent per year

since 2000. In constant dollars (adjusted for inflation), travel spending

has increased by 3.3 percent over the same period.

Visitors who stayed overnight in commercial lodging facilities spent $1.5

billion in 2012 – or about one-third of all travel spending in the state.

Day travelers who spent substantially on gaming and entertainment spent

nearly $2.5 billion, or about one-half (49%) the state total.

During 2012, visitor spending in West Virginia directly supported about

46,400 jobs with earnings of $1.1 billion. Travel spending generated the

greatest number of jobs in accommodations & food services, and arts,

entertainment, recreation.

Local and state government revenues generated by travel spending were

$707 million in 2012 (does not include property taxes). Without these

government revenues generated travel spending, each household in West

Virginia would have had to pay an additional $924 in state and local

taxes to maintain current service levels.

The following tables and graphs document these travel impacts. Detailed travel

impact estimates for the state from 2004 to 2012 are found on page 11.


Spending Earnings Employment Gov't Revenue ($Million)

($Million) ($Million) (Thousand) Local State Federal

2000 2,450 610 36.0 18.2 280.8 140.4

2001 2,708 667 38.4 21.3 340.6 153.6

2002 3,010 734 40.8 24.8 396.1 165.6

2003 3,349 787 42.5 27.7 449.5 180.6

2004 3,594 815 42.9 31.0 525.7 190.0

2005 3,855 848 44.3 32.8 536.3 192.5

2006 4,088 874 44.6 35.6 552.4 197.9

2007 4,201 905 44.5 37.8 556.7 203.3

2008 4,500 932 44.7 47.8 557.2 208.9

2009 4,034 941 44.6 46.9 545.4 208.4

2010 4,313 996 45.0 51.6 533.9 217.5

2011 4,842 1,037 45.6 63.0 575.8 207.4

2012 5,103 1,075 46.4 69.8 637.0 214.3

Annual Percentage Change

11-12 5.4 3.7 1.8 10.8 10.6 3.3

00-12 6.3 4.8 2.1 11.8 7.1 3.6

West Virginia Direct Travel Impacts, 2000-2012

Spending includes passenger air transportation. Total Earnings includes wage and salary

disbursements, other earned income and proprietor income. Employment includes payroll

employees and proprietors. Government revenue includes the state share of racetrack

video lottery and wagering, local hotel/motel taxes, state sales and income taxes, and the

gasoline tax. Property taxes are not included. Annual Change refers to the average annual

change. Details may not add to totals due to rounding.


West Virginia Visitor Spending Adjusted for Inflation, 2000-2012

Real

Current

$2.0

$2.5

$3.0

$3.5

$4.0

$4.5

$5.0

$5.5

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

Spen

din

g in

Bil

lions

Source: Dean Runyan Associates, Bureau of Labor Statistics and Smith Travel Research.

West Virginia Visitor Spending

by Type of Traveler Accommodation, 2012 ($ Millions)

Hotel, Motel

$1,544

31%

Campground$35

1%Private Home

$802

16%

Vacation Home

$100

2%

Day Travel

$2,485

50%


West Virginia Visitor Spending

by Commodity Purchased, 2012

$221

$315

$509

$550

$939

$1,111

$1,321

$0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400

Food Stores

Recreation & Entertainment

Accommodations

Retail Sales

Food & Beverage Service

Gaming

Ground Transportation

Travel Spending In Millions

West Virginia Direct Employment

Generated by Travel Spending, 2012

573

797

5,233

14,816

25,002

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000


Other Travel

Retail

Arts, Entertainment, Rec.

Accom. & Food Service

Number of Jobs


State and Local Travel-Generated

Government Revenue, 2012 ($ Millions)

Local Hotel/Motel

$25.54%

State Gaming

$381.4

54%

Local Other

$7.6

1%

Local Gaming$36.7

5%

State Sales$121.3

17%

State Gas$78.4

11%

State Income$56.0

8%

Note: Local Other include local B&O, local sales and Passenger Facility Charge (PFC).


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Direct Travel Spending ($Million)

Destination Spending 3,480 3,958 4,370 3,919 4,188 4,709 4,966

Other Travel* 114 129 131 116 125 133 136

Total Direct Spending 3,594 4,088 4,500 4,034 4,313 4,842 5,103

Visitor Spending by Type of Traveler Accommodation ($Million)

Hotel, Motel 1,102 1,232 1,413 1,207 1,336 1,443 1,544

Campground 24 28 31 28 31 35 35

Private Home 561 659 768 669 732 796 802

Vacation Home 73 84 95 86 92 99 100

Day Travel 1,720 1,955 2,062 1,928 1,997 2,336 2,485


Visitor Spending by Commodity Purchased ($Million)

Accommodations 373 399 433 390 420 461 509

Food Service 667 727 791 809 842 897 939

Food Stores 162 173 191 191 197 212 221

Local Tran. & Gas 696 980 1,279 900 1,105 1,322 1,321

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 273 278 278 268 279 297 315

Gaming 835 915 916 873 839 988 1,111

Retail Sales 475 487 482 487 505 533 550


Industry Earnings Generated by Travel Spending ($Million)

Accom. & Food Serv. 389 428 469 467 490 492 505

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 270 282 300 312 337 370 393

Retail** 109 115 119 121 126 130 132

Ground Tran. 14 15 16 15 15 17 17

Other Travel* 33 34 29 26 27 28 28

Total Direct Earnings 815 874 932 941 996 1,037 1,075

Industry Employment Generated by Travel Spending (Thousand Jobs)

Accom. & Food Serv. 23.4 24.8 25.3 25.2 25.3 24.9 25.0

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 12.3 12.7 12.6 13.0 13.1 14.1 14.8

Retail** 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2

Ground Tran. 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Other Travel* 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8

Total Direct Employment 42.9 44.6 44.7 44.6 45.0 45.6 46.4

Government Revenue Generated by Travel Spending ($Million)

Local Tax Receipts 31 36 48 47 52 63 70

State Tax Receipts 526 552 557 545 534 576 637

Federal Tax Receipts 190 198 209 208 218 207 214

Total Direct Gov't Revenue 747 786 814 801 803 846 921

Details may not add to totals due to rounding.

*Other Travel includesair travel and travel agencies. **Retail includes gasoline.

West Virginia

Travel Impacts, 2004-2012


GROSS STATE PRODUCT

In concept, the Gross State Product (GDP) of a particular industry is equal to

gross output (sales or receipts) minus intermediate inputs (the goods and

services purchased from other industries). GDP is always smaller than output or

sales because GDP measures only the “value-added” of an industry and does

not include the cost of inputs that are also necessary to produce a good or

service. Estimates of travel spending and travel industry GDP are shown in the

chart below. For West Virginia, travel industry GDP represents about 3.2

percent of total state GDP. By way of comparison, the U.S. travel industry

comprises about 2.5 percent of national GDP.

About 57 percent of all travel spending in West Virginia is attributed to

intermediate inputs and goods resold at retail. Intermediate inputs cover a range

of goods and services that are purchased by travel industry businesses for the

purpose of creating a product or service for the traveler. For example, many

lodging establishments purchase cable television services. Restaurants purchase

food and beverages from vendors. In both cases, these inputs are classified as

the GDP of other industries. In addition, travel spending occurs at many retail

establishments where the goods purchased from the retailer are purchased as

finished goods from suppliers. These resold goods are also counted as the

products of other industries. This would include motor fuel, groceries, and most

the commodities sold at retail establishments.

West Virginia Travel Industry Gross Domestic Product, 2012

$0.6 $0.6

$0.5 $0.5

$1.1 $1.1

$2.9

$0

$1

$2

$3

$4

$5

$6

Spending ($5.1) GDP ($2.2)

Billio

ns

$2.9 Inputs

$1.1 Earnings

$0.5 Other Surplus

$0.6 Gov't Revenue

Source: Dean Runyan Associates and Bureau of Economic Analysis


Gross Domestic Product of West Virginia Export-Orientated Industries

Export-orientated industries are those industries that primarily market their products

and services to other regions, states, or nations. Mining, manufacturing, and

chemicals are the best examples of export-orientated industries. Clearly, there are

cases in each of these three sectors where the products are sold within the local or

regional market. Nonetheless, in general most businesses within these industries

depend on export markets. The travel industry is also an export-orientated industry

because goods and services are sold to visitors, rather than residents. The travel

industry injects money into the local economy, as do exports of other industries.

A comparison of the GDP’s of the leading export-orientated industries in West

Virginia is shown below. The comparison years are for 2010 and 2011 – data for

2012 is not yet available for the comparison industries.

West Virginia Gross Domestic Product, 2010 & 2011 Selected Export-Orientated Industries

$1.9

$1.0

$2.3

$2.3

$6.3

$2.1

$1.0

$2.4

$2.5

$7.3

$0 $2 $4 $6 $8

Travel

All Other Manf

Chemical manufacturing

Durable goods

Mining

Gross Domestic Product (Billions)

2011

2010



III. Regional Travel Impacts

2004-2012


The tables in this section provide detailed estimates for the regions of West Virginia

for 2000-2012. The geographic definitions of the regions are shown below.

West Virginia’s Tourism Regions

Northern Panhandle Mid-Ohio Valley Metro Valley

Brooke Calhoun Cabell

Hancock Jackson Kanawha

Marshall Pleasants Mason

Ohio Ritchie Putnam

Tyler Roane

Wetzel Wirt

Wood

Mountain Lakes New River/Greenbrier Valley Potomac Highlands

Braxton Fayette Grant

Clay Greenbrier Hampshire

Gilmer McDowell Hardy

Lewis Mercer Mineral

Nicholas Monroe Pendleton

Upshur Raleigh Pocahontas

Webster Summers Randolph

Wyoming Tucker

Eastern Panhandle Mountaineer Country Hatfield-McCoy MountainsBerkeley Barbour Boone

Jefferson Doddridge Lincoln

Morgan Harrison Logan

Marion Mingo

Monongalia Wayne

Preston

Taylor


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


Destination Spending 815 847 874 847 801 910 992

Other Travel* 4 5 5 4 3 4 5

Total Direct Spending 819 852 879 851 804 914 996


Hotel, Motel 98 102 137 116 118 106 117

Campground 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

Private Home 45 51 57 51 54 58 58

Vacation Home 3 4 5 4 4 5 5

Day Travel 668 690 675 676 625 741 812



Accommodations 31 32 37 36 38 41 46

Food Service 150 156 164 175 181 194 204

Food Stores 30 31 33 35 35 38 40

Local Tran. & Gas 55 79 104 71 89 107 107

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 17 17 13 18 19 23 24

Gaming 439 440 436 418 345 405 464

Retail Sales 93 92 87 92 95 102 106



Accom. & Food Serv. 67.5 70.1 75.2 80.8 83.0 84.2 87.7

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 77.5 72.7 79.5 86.3 75.3 82.8 85.6

Retail** 17.3 17.4 17.3 18.2 18.8 19.7 20.2

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2 1.5 2.0 2.5

Total Direct Earnings 164.5 162.6 174.4 187.5 178.6 188.6 195.9


Accom. & Food Serv. 4.8 5.1 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.8

Retail** 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0



Local Tax Receipts 9.9 10.3 12.8 12.5 11.4 13.7 16.1

State Tax Receipts 191.5 189.7 173.1 171.2 145.2 174.0 226.0

Total Direct Gov't Revenue 201.3 200.0 185.8 183.7 156.6 187.8 242.0



Northern Panhandle



2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012






Hotel, Motel 52 55 65 54 58 62 70


Private Home 48 58 67 58 64 71 70


Day Travel 35 43 52 41 47 53 54




Food Service 28 29 32 32 32 33 35

Food Stores 8 8 9 9 9 9 10

Local Tran. & Gas 51 73 97 66 82 99 99

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 15 15 15 15 15 15 16

Gaming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Sales 23 23 23 23 23 23 24



Accom. & Food Serv. 16.1 16.2 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.1 18.5

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 7.1 7.0 7.4 8.2 9.0 8.7 9.3

Retail** 6.4 6.5 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.2 7.4

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 1.7 2.7 2.7 1.1 2.3 1.1 2.0



Accom. & Food Serv. 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Retail** 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1









Mid-Ohio Valley


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012



Other Travel* 75 87 82 71 76 81 82



Hotel, Motel 231 284 314 310 333 338 357


Private Home 131 152 178 154 168 186 188


Day Travel 191 209 233 206 225 250 259



Accommodations 72 84 88 93 97 97 106

Food Service 102 112 120 130 134 133 139

Food Stores 21 23 25 26 27 27 29

Local Tran. & Gas 198 265 333 252 299 351 352

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 46 49 49 53 54 53 55

Gaming 44 42 42 43 42 40 46

Retail Sales 74 76 74 79 81 80 83



Accom. & Food Serv. 63.1 70.6 76.3 83.7 85.9 80.1 83.8

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 31.1 31.5 33.0 39.6 43.4 41.6 44.6

Retail** 17.9 18.7 19.3 20.4 21.1 21.0 21.5

Ground Tran. 13.9 14.9 15.5 14.9 15.3 16.6 17.0

Other Travel* 13.6 14.4 11.6 10.3 10.4 10.7 10.0



Accom. & Food Serv. 3.5 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.0

Retail** 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Ground Tran. 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Other Travel* 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3








Metro Valley



2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012






Hotel, Motel 56 65 80 71 82 96 94


Private Home 32 39 45 38 42 46 47

Vacation Home 9 11 12 11 12 12 13

Day Travel 32 41 50 40 46 52 52




Food Service 24 25 29 30 32 35 34

Food Stores 9 9 10 10 11 12 12

Local Tran. & Gas 51 73 97 66 83 99 99

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 14 15 16 16 17 18 17

Gaming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Sales 20 20 21 21 22 23 23



Accom. & Food Serv. 15.0 16.0 18.7 19.4 20.7 21.7 21.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 8.1 8.4 9.1 10.5 12.2 12.8 12.7

Retail** 5.9 6.2 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.4 7.4

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.7



Accom. & Food Serv. 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

Retail** 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0








Mountain Lakes



2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Direct Travel S pending ($Million)

Des tination S pending 529 592 669 495 577 651 694


Total Direct S pending 536 598 677 502 584 660 702

Vis itor S pending by Type of Traveler Accommodation ($Million)

Hotel, Motel 309 336 375 250 302 344 381


Private Home 96 112 129 116 127 139 139

Vacation Home 10 11 12 12 12 13 13

Day Travel 108 126 147 111 129 147 153


Vis itor S pending by Commodity Purchas ed ($Million)

Accommodations 106 111 119 80 93 107 123

Food S ervice 107 112 123 100 111 120 131

Food S tores 26 26 29 25 27 29 31

Local Tran. & Gas 123 177 234 161 200 241 240

Arts , E nt. & Rec. 88 87 85 65 69 70 76

Gaming 0 0 0 1 7 9 12

Retail S ales 78 78 78 64 70 75 80


Indus try E arnings Generated by Travel S pending ($Million)

Accom. & Food S erv. 82.9 92.6 100.6 75.2 85.8 89.8 88.9

Arts , E nt. & Rec. 50.4 53.4 53.0 42.8 55.2 58.7 56.8

Retail** 18.4 19.3 20.0 18.1 19.5 20.3 21.1

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 3.7 3.3 4.2 3.8 3.6 4.5 4.1

Total Direct E arnings 155.4 168.6 177.7 139.9 164.0 173.2 170.9

Indus try E mployment Generated by Travel S pending (Thous and J obs )

Accom. & Food S erv. 3.8 4.0 4.2 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4

Arts , E nt. & Rec. 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.1

Retail** 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Total Direct E mployment 7.1 7.1 7.4 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.4

Government Revenue Generated by Travel S pending ($Million)


S tate Tax Receipts 37.7 39.5 43.7 36.3 41.5 44.5 47.3



*Other Travel includes air travel and travel agencies . **R etail includes gas oline.

New River/Greenbrier Valley

Travel Impacts , 2004-2012


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012






Hotel, Motel 123 119 146 126 135 127 127


Private Home 35 41 46 41 44 48 49

Vacation Home 25 28 31 29 30 33 33

Day Travel 47 53 63 52 58 62 62




Food Service 49 49 58 55 57 54 54

Food Stores 21 21 24 24 24 24 25

Local Tran. & Gas 42 60 79 54 68 82 81

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 32 31 34 32 33 30 30

Gaming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Sales 40 39 41 39 40 39 38



Accom. & Food Serv. 33.8 33.9 40.6 37.7 39.0 34.3 34.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 14.0 13.7 15.4 16.5 18.8 17.5 17.4

Retail** 11.3 11.2 12.2 11.9 12.3 11.9 11.9

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.1



Accom. & Food Serv. 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.9

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1

Retail** 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0








Potomac Highlands



2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012


Destination Spending 685 839 899 860 915 1,057 1,116


Total Direct Spending 690 842 902 865 920 1,062 1,120


Hotel, Motel 91 104 128 109 111 104 101


Private Home 39 46 52 50 55 59 61

Vacation Home 8 9 10 10 10 11 11

Day Travel 547 680 708 691 738 882 941




Food Service 128 158 176 189 192 209 210

Food Stores 28 34 38 40 40 44 45

Local Tran. & Gas 44 63 83 57 71 86 85

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 20 22 24 23 23 26 25

Gaming 352 432 438 412 449 543 601

Retail Sales 83 96 98 103 105 113 113



Accom. & Food Serv. 63.3 76.9 87.2 92.4 93.2 95.5 94.0

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 61.0 73.1 80.0 81.2 91.7 113.3 129.1

Retail** 15.4 17.9 18.7 19.6 20.0 21.1 20.9

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 2.7 1.4 1.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.4



Accom. & Food Serv. 3.8 4.5 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.7

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 2.3 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.8 4.2

Retail** 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1









Eastern Panhandle


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012






Hotel, Motel 122 144 149 160 184 237 269


Private Home 76 88 105 89 96 101 101


Day Travel 58 71 83 71 81 94 97




Food Service 58 63 66 76 81 94 104

Food Stores 14 15 16 18 19 22 24

Local Tran. & Gas 75 108 143 98 122 147 147

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 31 32 32 36 38 43 47

Gaming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Sales 45 46 45 49 52 59 64



Accom. & Food Serv. 37.8 41.6 42.9 50.6 54.6 58.4 65.2

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 17.3 18.4 18.3 23.1 27.2 29.1 32.0

Retail** 11.1 11.6 11.8 12.8 13.6 14.7 15.5

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 3.3 3.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6



Accom. & Food Serv. 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2

Retail** 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1









Mountaineer Country


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012



Other Travel* 8 12 17 17 20 21 22



Hotel, Motel 19 23 20 11 13 28 28


Private Home 59 72 88 73 82 88 89


Day Travel 34 43 53 41 47 55 55




Food Service 21 22 23 22 23 25 26

Food Stores 5 6 6 6 6 6 7

Local Tran. & Gas 57 82 108 74 92 111 110

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 10 11 10 10 10 11 11

Gaming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Sales 18 18 17 17 17 19 19



Accom. & Food Serv. 9.5 10.1 9.9 9.4 9.7 11.3 11.3

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.2

Retail** 5.4 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.5

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 3.7 4.3 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.9



Accom. & Food Serv. 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Retail** 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1








Hatfield-McCoy Mountains



Northern

Panhandle

Mid-Ohio

Valley

Metro

Valley

Mountain

Lakes


Destination Spending 991.6 204.0 810.6 214.9

Other Travel* 4.7 3.9 82.4 1.4

Total Direct Spending 996.3 207.9 893.0 216.3

Hotel, Motel 116.6 70.1 357.5 94.0

Campground 0.5 2.2 0.9 9.3

Private Home 58.1 70.3 187.8 46.6

Vacation Home 4.5 7.7 5.7 12.7

Day Travel 811.8 53.7 258.7 52.3


Accommodations 45.9 20.0 106.4 28.9

Food Service 203.9 35.2 139.4 34.4

Food Stores 40.5 9.7 28.5 11.8

Local Tran. & Gas 106.8 99.1 351.9 99.3

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 24.3 15.9 55.2 17.3

Gaming 463.8 0.0 46.1 0.0

Retail Sales 106.2 24.1 83.0 23.2


Accom. & Food Serv. 87.7 18.5 83.8 21.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 85.6 9.3 44.6 12.7

Retail** 20.2 7.4 21.5 7.4

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 17.0 0.0

Other Travel* 2.5 2.0 10.0 0.7

Total Direct Earnings 195.9 37.3 176.9 41.9

Accom. & Food Serv. 5.5 1.0 3.6 1.1

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 2.8 0.5 2.0 0.6

Retail** 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.3

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0

Other Travel* 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Total Direct Employment 9.1 1.9 7.3 2.1

Local Tax Receipts 16.1 2.2 9.6 2.6

State Tax Receipts 226.0 13.0 61.7 13.5

Total Direct Gov't Revenue 242.0 15.2 71.3 16.0



West Virginia Regional

Travel Impacts, 2012







New River/

Greenbrier

Potomac

Highlands

Eastern

Panhandle

Mountaineer

Country

Hatfield-

McCoy Mts.


Destination Spending 694.4 276.3 1,115.7 479.1 179.7

Other Travel* 8.0 2.1 4.7 7.5 21.7

Total Direct Spending 702.4 278.4 1,120.4 486.6 201.4

Hotel, Motel 381.2 126.9 100.9 269.1 27.9

Campground 8.0 5.1 0.7 3.0 5.7

Private Home 139.3 49.0 61.3 100.8 88.6

Vacation Home 13.1 33.1 11.5 9.0 2.9

Day Travel 152.8 62.3 941.4 97.2 54.6


Accommodations 123.4 47.7 36.3 93.5 7.2

Food Service 131.3 54.0 210.2 104.4 25.8

Food Stores 31.2 24.5 44.7 23.7 6.6

Local Tran. & Gas 240.2 81.5 85.5 146.5 110.5

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 75.5 30.2 25.4 47.3 10.9

Gaming 12.4 0.0 600.6 0.0 0.0

Retail Sales 80.2 38.5 112.9 63.7 18.7



Accom. & Food Serv. 88.9 34.1 94.0 65.2 11.3

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 56.8 17.4 129.1 32.0 5.2

Retail** 21.1 11.9 20.9 15.5 6.5

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 4.1 1.1 2.4 2.6 2.9

Total Direct Earnings 170.9 64.4 246.3 115.3 25.9


Accom. & Food Serv. 3.4 1.9 4.7 3.1 0.7

Arts, Ent. & Rec. 2.1 1.1 4.2 1.2 0.3

Retail** 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.3

Ground Tran. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Travel* 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Total Direct Employment 6.4 3.5 9.8 5.1 1.3


Local Tax Receipts 7.8 3.8 19.3 7.2 1.3

State Tax Receipts 47.3 17.0 216.9 30.2 11.5

Total Direct Gov't Revenue 55.1 20.7 236.3 37.4 12.8



West Virginia Regional

Travel Impacts, 2012





IV. County Travel Impacts

2004-2012


The analysis of travel impacts at the county level provides a valuable overview of

how the economic benefits of travel and tourism are distributed throughout the state.

Travel impacts, in absolute terms, are highest in the state’s most urban area

(Charleston metropolitan area in Kanawha County), which offers visitors a variety of

commercial lodging accommodations and entertainment facilities. However, the size

of the travel industry in relation to the total economy of a locale is more significant in

some smaller communities and rural areas of the state, which tend to be more

orientated to scenic and outdoor recreational opportunities. For example, in the

counties of Greenbrier, Tucker, and Pocahontas the travel industry is an extremely

significant component of the total local economy.

Day travelers are particularly notable for some areas. Day visitors are most significant

in the counties of Hancock, Ohio, and Jefferson where the racetracks lie within close

proximity to major population centers in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Washington

D.C. Shopping destination areas also receive a higher proportion of day visitation,

and visitors tend to spend a higher proportion of their total spending on retail

expenditures.

Travel Generated Earnings

The significance of the visitor impact to local economies can be very substantial in

some of the state’s destination areas. A useful measure of the relative significance of

the visitor impact in each area is travel-generated earnings in relation to total earnings

(See the table on page 36-37). A high percentage of travel-generated earnings

indicate a relatively high reliance on income generated from visitor spending.


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Barbour

Direct Spending ($Million) 11.3 13.5 16.0 13.7 15.3 17.2 17.2

Earnings ($Million) 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4

Employment (jobs) 150 150 140 140 150 150 140

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 15 16 91 102 129 181 188

State Govt. Revenue ($000) 817 865 987 979 1,029 1,039 1,046

Berkeley



Employment (jobs) 1,120 1,080 1,340 1,230 1,230 1,180 1,160

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 451 590 1,088 1,001 999 1,054 1,028

State Govt. Revenue ($000) 6,544 7,085 8,824 8,093 8,267 8,244 8,183

Boone



Employment (jobs) 170 170 160 160 160 160 150



Braxton



Employment (jobs) 320 330 320 350 360 340 320



Brooke



Employment (jobs) 220 220 210 210 200 190 170


State Govt. Revenue ($000) 976 1,039 1,152 1,117 1,089 1,085 1,109

Cabell



Employment (jobs) 1,380 1,390 1,290 1,550 1,540 1,420 1,450

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 666 743 1,264 1,545 1,627 1,604 2,080


Calhoun



Employment (jobs) 70 70 70 70 80 70 70


State Govt. Revenue ($000) 378 399 454 441 461 461 463

Clay



Employment (jobs) 40 40 40 40 40 30 30



West Virginia County Travel Impacts, 2004-2012


2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Doddridge



Employment (jobs) 60 50 50 50 50 50 50



Fayette



Employment (jobs) 620 700 710 660 730 770 790



Gilmer



Employment (jobs) 80 90 80 80 80 80 80



Grant



Employment (jobs) 130 140 140 140 140 140 130


State Govt. Revenue ($000) 855 918 1,060 1,022 1,070 1,067 1,079

Greenbrier



Employment (jobs) 2,700 2,640 2,480 1,660 2,010 2,150 2,060

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 1,712 1,815 1,801 1,219 1,740 2,162 2,633


Hampshire



Employment (jobs) 330 320 390 400 400 380 370



Hancock



Employment (jobs) 4,480 4,710 4,620 4,590 4,510 4,890 4,970



Hardy



Employment (jobs) 270 290 250 330 310 250 240





2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Harrison



Employment (jobs) 940 930 1,110 1,240 1,380 1,430 1,530



Jackson



Employment (jobs) 340 360 400 370 390 390 400



Jefferson



Employment (jobs) 5,410 6,630 6,970 7,080 7,180 7,890 8,190



Kanawha



Employment (jobs) 5,080 5,210 5,100 5,270 5,280 5,010 5,220



Lewis



Employment (jobs) 460 470 490 500 510 550 530



Lincoln



Employment (jobs) 140 140 140 140 140 130 130


State Govt. Revenue ($000) 888 949 1,090 1,059 1,106 1,102 1,128

Logan



Employment (jobs) 420 400 300 330 340 410 390



McDowell



Employment (jobs) 190 190 180 170 170 160 160





2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Marion



Employment (jobs) 680 800 530 750 810 840 950

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 212 357 371 436 554 983 1,166


Marshall



Employment (jobs) 260 270 260 260 250 250 260



Mason



Employment (jobs) 210 230 230 230 230 230 230



Mercer



Employment (jobs) 1,060 1,120 1,130 920 930 890 870



Mineral



Employment (jobs) 200 220 250 260 240 240 240



Mingo



Employment (jobs) 240 250 230 170 180 240 230



Monongalia



Employment (jobs) 1,720 1,680 1,490 1,660 1,570 1,740 1,870

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 895 1,434 1,353 1,718 1,708 2,480 2,840


Monroe



Employment (jobs) 130 120 130 130 130 160 150





2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Morgan



Employment (jobs) 440 440 450 450 440 440 440



Nicholas



Employment (jobs) 550 540 560 600 630 630 580



Ohio



Employment (jobs) 3,480 3,470 3,250 3,740 3,410 3,280 3,350



Pendleton



Employment (jobs) 120 110 130 130 110 100 100



Pleasants



Employment (jobs) 60 60 60 60 60 50 50



Pocahontas



Employment (jobs) 1,330 1,190 1,340 1,170 1,220 1,010 1,040



Preston



Employment (jobs) 290 310 320 320 340 340 350



Putnam



Employment (jobs) 450 470 450 430 440 430 420





2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Raleigh



Employment (jobs) 1,830 1,850 2,180 1,850 1,840 1,910 1,830



Randolph



Employment (jobs) 560 590 620 670 670 660 650



Ritchie



Employment (jobs) 100 100 100 110 110 80 90



Roane



Employment (jobs) 120 140 130 130 130 120 120



Summers



Employment (jobs) 310 290 300 300 310 300 290



Taylor



Employment (jobs) 140 150 150 140 150 150 160



Tucker



Employment (jobs) 750 730 710 690 680 670 640



Tyler



Employment (jobs) 90 80 80 80 70 70 80





2004 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Upshur



Employment (jobs) 330 330 370 340 320 390 410



Wayne



Employment (jobs) 440 410 370 370 360 360 340



Webster



Employment (jobs) 70 70 70 70 80 70 70



Wetzel



Employment (jobs) 200 230 220 250 280 260 260



Wirt



Employment (jobs) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20



Wood



Employment (jobs) 1,200 1,160 1,150 1,090 1,080 1,010 1,100

Local Govt. Revenue ($000) 491 488 880 846 866 930 1,099


Wyoming



Employment (jobs) 190 200 220 210 210 180 190





County Total Travel Percent Total Travel Percent

Barbour 5,850 148 2.5% 190 2.4 1.3%

Berkeley 43,590 1,162 2.7% 1,933 25.1 1.3%

Boone 9,680 159 1.6% 608 3.0 0.5%

Braxton 5,460 328 6.0% 192 7.8 4.1%

Brooke 11,180 180 1.6% 451 4.6 1.0%

Cabell 65,090 1,452 2.2% 3,017 32.7 1.1%

Calhoun 3,220 78 2.4% 83 1.2 1.4%

Clay 2,710 39 1.4% 100 0.7 0.7%

Doddridge 3,040 50 1.7% 78 1.2 1.5%

Fayette 16,500 792 4.8% 668 15.5 2.3%

Gilmer 3,590 82 2.3% 128 1.3 1.0%

Grant 5,970 139 2.3% 247 2.2 0.9%

Greenbrier 19,060 2,064 10.8% 714 83.2 11.7%

Hampshire 7,750 374 4.8% 215 6.3 2.9%

Hancock 13,160 4,976 37.8% 561 100.1 17.9%

Hardy 7,630 249 3.3% 247 3.9 1.6%

Harrison 45,200 1,531 3.4% 2,336 37.2 1.6%

Jackson 11,640 402 3.5% 431 7.1 1.6%

Jefferson 22,470 8,192 36.5% 884 213.2 24.1%

Kanawha 131,750 5,222 4.0% 7,129 131.5 1.8%

Lewis 9,730 539 5.5% 464 12.1 2.6%

Lincoln 4,920 135 2.7% 197 2.3 1.2%

Logan 14,140 398 2.8% 725 9.0 1.2%

McDowell 7,580 168 2.2% 420 2.9 0.7%

Marion 27,950 959 3.4% 1,320 19.9 1.5%

Marshall 18,270 267 1.5% 923 6.9 0.7%

Mason 9,410 231 2.5% 384 3.8 1.0%

Mercer 28,020 879 3.1% 1,146 17.6 1.5%

Total Employment and Earnings Compared to Direct

Travel-Generated Employment and Earnings by County, 2012

Employment Earnings ($Millions)


County Total Travel Percent Total Travel Percent

Mineral 10,780 246 2.3% 441 4.1 0.9%

Mingo 9,860 235 2.4% 596 4.3 0.7%

Monongalia 68,700 1,875 2.7% 3,607 45.1 1.2%

Monroe 4,240 158 3.7% 122 2.3 1.9%

Morgan 4,770 447 9.4% 151 8.1 5.4%

Nicholas 10,830 587 5.4% 482 10.2 2.1%

Ohio 33,100 3,356 10.1% 1,436 78.3 5.5%

Pendleton 3,330 109 3.3% 111 1.9 1.7%

Pleasants 3,910 59 1.5% 184 0.9 0.5%

Pocahontas 4,860 1,049 21.6% 146 21.3 14.6%

Preston 11,500 355 3.1% 447 6.4 1.4%

Putnam 27,020 425 1.6% 1,348 8.9 0.7%

Raleigh 42,750 1,836 4.3% 2,072 40.5 2.0%

Randolph 15,500 651 4.2% 578 12.5 2.2%

Ritchie 5,350 92 1.7% 185 1.4 0.8%

Roane 6,280 121 1.9% 155 2.1 1.3%

Summers 3,860 295 7.6% 115 4.6 4.0%

Taylor 4,710 162 3.4% 151 3.0 2.0%

Tucker 3,590 649 18.1% 103 12.1 11.8%

Tyler 3,590 86 2.4% 143 1.3 0.9%

Upshur 11,620 415 3.6% 466 8.8 1.9%

Wayne 11,610 349 3.0% 592 7.3 1.2%

Webster 2,990 73 2.4% 111 1.1 1.0%

Wetzel 6,480 267 4.1% 218 4.7 2.2%

Wirt 1,530 26 1.7% 33 0.4 1.3%

Wood 49,270 1,109 2.3% 2,145 24.2 1.1%

Wyoming 6,760 195 2.9% 328 4.3 1.3%

West Virginia 923,340 46,421 5.0% 42,257 1,075 2.5%

Total Employment and Earnings Compared to Direct

Travel-Generated Employment and Earnings by County, 2012

Employment Earnings ($Millions)



Appendices

Appendix A. Regional Travel Impact Model (RTIM) Methodology

Appendix B. Definition of Terms

Appendix C. Travel Industry Business Classifications



APPENDIX A

TRAVEL IMPACT ESTIMATION PROCEDURES

TRAVEL SPENDING

Hotel, Motel, B&B. Spending on commercial accommodations by hotel

and motel guests is estimated from hotel/motel occupancy tax receipts for

each jurisdiction and county. Where room tax receipts are unavailable or

incomplete, room sales are estimated from lodging inventories, occupancy

rates, and room rates. Other lodging industry data, such as sales tax

receipts, employment and earnings, are also used to estimate and/or

validate room sales. Spending by hotel and motel guests in other business

categories, such as food and transportation, is estimated using spending

distributions reported in visitor survey data. The spending distribution

shows how travelers divide their spending between lodging and other

purchases.

Private Campground. Spending by campers using commercial

campgrounds is estimated from the number of commercial campsites, the

average occupancy of these campsites, and the average daily expenditures

of visitor camp parties reported in survey data. Spending in other business

categories is estimated in the same way as for hotel/motel guests.

Public Campground. Spending by campers using public campgrounds is

estimated from visitor counts at federally, state, and locally managed

campsites and recreation areas, and daily spending estimates from visitor

survey data.

Private Home. Spending by private home guests is determined from

census data and visitor survey data. The number of owner occupied

housing units per county is taken from the decennial census and updated

annually. The average number of days per year visitors hosted by residents

and the average daily spending of these visitors are estimated from visitor

survey data.

Vacation Home. The estimated spending by vacation home renters and

owners is also based on census data and visitor survey data. The number

of seasonal housing units per county is taken from the decennial census

and updated annually. The average number of days per year that these

units are occupied by owners or renters (where a hotel/motel occupancy


tax is not collected) and the average daily spending of these visitors are

estimated from visitor survey data.

Day Travel. The share of day visits as a percentage of total travel is

estimated from visitor survey data and applied to average daily spending

estimates to produce day visitor spending.

Air Transportation. Visitor spending estimates for air transportation are

derived from the Origin-Destination survey conducted for the Bureau of

Transportation Statistics. Employment and earnings estimates are derived

from industry receipts, payroll, and employment data for passenger traffic.

The impacts of air cargo operations on scheduled passenger flights are not

included in these estimates.

Travel Arrangement Services. This category consists of travel agencies

(NAICS 56151). Employment estimates are based on employment data

provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Spending estimates are derived

from the 2007 Economic Census.

RELATED TRAVEL IMPACTS

Spending by travelers generates jobs, payroll, and state and local tax

revenue.

Earnings generated directly from traveler expenditures are estimated from

the payroll-to-receipts ratio obtained from data published in the 2007

Economic Census and the state and county estimates of earnings and

employment produced annually by the Bureau of Economic Analysis’

Regional Economic Information System (REIS). Earnings includes payroll

and other earned benefits of employees, and proprietor income.

Employment in each business category is calculated from average

earnings data derived from ES-202 statistics and the earnings and

employment produced annually by the Bureau of Economic Analysis’

Regional Economic Information System (REIS).

Local Taxes consist of all local (municipality, county, special districts)

point-of-sale taxes, including room taxes, sales taxes, and auto rental taxes.

Property taxes are not included.

State Taxes consist of all statewide point of sale taxes (including sales

taxes and motor fuel taxes) and personal and business income taxes.


APPENDIX B

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Accommodation: Spending for lodging by hotel and motel guests, campers and

vacation home users.

Air Transportation: Air passenger spending attributable to travelers in and to

West Virginia. The spending total includes air travel spending made outside

West Virginia for travel to West Virginia, purchases by West Virginia residents

who travel outside the state, and air travel within the state.

Campers: Travelers staying at RV parks and commercial campgrounds or at

public campgrounds such as those in State or National Parks.

Day Visitor: A traveler whose trip does not include an overnight stay and who

travels from out of state or within state and out of his/her local area (50+ miles

one way).

Travel Spending: Spending by travelers at or near their destinations. This

includes spending on air transportation and for travel arrangement. All

automobile operating expenses are included in the ground transportation

component of destination spending.

Earnings: Total earnings include wage and salary disbursements, other earned

benefits and proprietor income. Only the earnings attributable to travel

expenditures are included.

Eating, Drinking: Businesses serving food and beverages for immediate

consumption. In addition to table service restaurants, this category includes fast-

food outlets and refreshment stands.

Employment: Industry employment (jobs) associated with the travel-generated

payroll and proprietors. This includes both full- and part-time positions.

Expenditures: Purchases by travelers during their trip, including hotel/motel

taxes and other applicable local and state taxes paid by the traveler at the point

of sale.


Hotel and Motel Guests: Travelers staying in hotels, motels, resorts, bed &

breakfast establishments, condominiums, and other lodging places where the

Hotel/Motel Occupancy Tax is collected.

Local Tax Receipts: Hotel/Motel Occupancy Tax revenue collected by counties

and municipalities (no other local or municipal sales taxes are levied in the state).

Private Home Guests: Travelers staying as guests with friends or relatives.

Receipts: Travel expenditures less the sales and excise taxes imposed on those

expenditures (also referred to as business receipts).

Recreation: Spending on amusement and recreation, such as admissions to tourist

attractions.

Gaming: Revenue generated on racetrack video lottery and “live” on-site and

simulcast wagering by visitors.

Retail Sales: Spending for gifts, souvenirs and other items (excludes spending

listed separately, such as food stores or recreation).

Spending Distributions: Information from visitor surveys showing how spending

by each type of visitor is divided between various business categories.

State Tax Receipts: State sales taxes, personal and business income taxes, motor

fuel taxes, and car rental taxes attributable to travel expenditures.

Travel: A day or overnight trip that is not of a local or commuting nature. Travel

may be for business or pleasure purposes.

Travel Arrangement: Spending for fees paid to travel agents and tour operators.

Traveler: A person traveling in West Virginia. A traveler may be a West Virginia

resident or a resident of another state. The terms traveler and visitor have the

same meaning in this report.

Vacation Home User: Travelers using their own vacation home or timeshare and

those renting a vacation home or privately owned cabin where a hotel/motel

occupancy tax is not collected.


APPENDIX C

TRAVEL IMPACT INDUSTRY NAICS INDUSTRIES* (code)

Accommodation & Food Services

Accommodation (721)

Food Services and Drinking Places (722)

Residential Property Managers (531311)

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation

Performing Arts, Spectator Sports (711)

Museums (712)

Amusement, Gambling (713)

Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation (487)

Miscellaneous Industries (see note**)

Retail

Food & Beverage Stores (445)

Gasoline Stations (447)

Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores (448)

Sporting Goods, Hobby, Book, and Music Stores (451)

General Merchandise Stores (452)

Miscellaneous Store Retailers (453)


Interurban and rural bus transportation (4852)

Taxi and Limousine Service (4853)

Charter Bus Industry (4855)

Passenger Car Rental (532111)

Parking Lots and Garages (812930)

Air Transportation

Scheduled Air Passenger Transportation (481111)

Support Activities for Air Transportation (4881)

Travel Arrangement Services

Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services (5615)

Notes: *Government enterprizes (e.g., park systems) are included in this classification.

**Includes parts of industries in other sectors (e.g., accommodation, charter bus).

A more detailed description of these industries can be found at http://www.ntis.gov/naics.

TRAVEL IMPACT INDUSTRIES MATCHED TO 1997 NAICS

Documents

West Virginia 2000- · PDF fileEconomic Impact of Travel on West Virginia 2000-2012 Detailed State and County Estimates October 2013 prepared for the West Virginia Division of Tourism