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What did Mr. Decker miss?. Causes of GENOCIDE. Difficult social conditions intense economic problems intense political conflict this can be conflict between dominant groups and subordinate ones that are poor and have limited rights very great and rapid social changes. Hutu - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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What did Mr. Decker miss?
Causes of GENOCIDE
• Difficult social conditions
• intense economic problems
• intense political conflict – this can be conflict
between dominant groups and subordinate ones that are poor and have limited rights
• very great and rapid social changes
Hutu/ Tutsi Conflict• HutuHutu• 85% of Population• Under colonial rule:
– serfs/ peasants• After independence:
– Hutu’s wanted power back– Took power– 200,000 Tutsi’s fled Rwanda
» 1994• After plane crash of Hutu
leaders, Hutus begin to commit killings of Tutsis
• TutsiTutsi• 15% of population• Under colonial rule:
– Upper class• After independence:
– Tried to keep power
• 800,000 massacred• Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)
– Tutsi militia group– Ended the genocide
RWANDA• Hutus are the
______________• Tutsi are the ______________• The European power that
imperialized Rwanda is ________
• Independence was gained in 1961– Hutus took power– 200,000 Tutsi’s fled
Rwanda• Tutsi’s formed the Rwandan
Patriotic Front (RPF)– a militia group
Paul Kagame
Origins of APARTHEID (separateness) • 1910: Britain granted South Africa
self-rule• 1948: Nationalist Party
– Dutch background– white farmers– Legalizes Apartheid
• legal, rigid separation o/t races
– Afrikaans: new language that combines Dutch & Bantu
• Population:– Whites: 16% – Blacks: 70%– Mixed ethnicity: 11%– Asians: 3% (Mainly Indians) why??
Apartheid Laws • Pass Laws:– ID– where you can travel or
work– tax payments– carried at all times– shown upon demand
• separated families• legal segregation• White’s controlled:
– 4/5s of total land– fertile farmlands– abundant raw materials
Steps Toward Change• 1989: Pres. F.W. deKlerk lifted
ban on Apartheid opposition groups– last white president of S.A.
• Early 1990s: new constitution enacted
• 1994: elections held• Nelson Mandela becomes first
black president of South Africa
Shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize
F.W. deKlerkF.W. deKlerk Nelson Mandela w/ wife, WinnieNelson Mandela w/ wife, Winnie
South Africa’s Demographic Shifts
• 1990 Population:– Whites: 16% – Blacks: 70%– Mixed ethnicity: 11%– Indian: 3%
• Welfare State– 1996 2009– 3 mil 12.5 mil– Seen as a huge
positive due to decrease in poverty
• 2009 Population:– Whites: 9%– Blacks: 80%– Mix: 9%– Indian: 2.6%
• Households w/ access to electricity & fresh water:– 1996 2009– 53% 80%
The Economist:: 4/18/09 pg. 24