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“The great illusion of leadership is to think that others can be led out of the desert by someone who has
never been there.”
~ Henri Nouwen
“It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education.”
~ Albert Einstein
“The human brain is special. It starts working as soon as you wake up and it doesn’t stop until you get to school.”
~ Milton Berlelyrics
from Rate My Professors
“Sam is the man…Best prof at Penn State hands down”
“Sam is awesome”
“The most amazing class”
“The man’s a beast”
“Easily the most interesting and exciting teacher I’ve ever had.”
“He was not a very interesting guy. His lectures had pizzazz because of the material he has to cover but he instantly kills the fun when he starts to talk again.”
“Don’t take the class…he lies…he doesn’t make sense.”
WHY do we include or exclude information to confirm or reject our opinions?
• There is too much information out there
• It’s difficult to verify the veracity of the information to which we have access
• Facts are less entertaining than opinion
Fact vs. Beliefs?There are upwards to 30 million species on the
planet and thus far we’ve named 1.4 million of them. How did they all fit on Noah’s ark?
If we all “naturally evolved,” from where did consciousness emerge? Just kind of happened…right?
If consciousness comes from God, what “created” God?
HOW do we include/exclude information to confirm/reject our
opinions and ideologies?
* read what we agree with
* hang with people who are like us
* live and vacation in places that do not stretch our beliefs
Neuro-imaging Results While the Study Was in Process:
While hearing contradictions from their own candidate:
least active part of their brains was the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
part of the brain associated with reasoning
Neuro-imaging Results While the Study Was in Process:
MOST ACTIVE PART OF THEIR BRAINS:
Orbital Frontal Cortex – emotionsAnterior Cingulate - conflict resolutionPosterior Cingulate - judgments about moral
accountabilityVentral Striatum - reward and pleasure
where is the reasoning?
Announcements1. Read the syllabus2. Discussion groups do NOT meet during the
first two weeks• Section 33
3. Read the syllabus4. “Personal Survey” and “Journal One” are
your first assignments (on Angel)5. Switching sections