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WHAT IS CYBERPSYCHOLOGY AND WHAT ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES?
Dr Linda K. KayeEdge Hill [email protected]@LindaKKaye
WHAT IS CYBERPSYCHOLOGY?
TECHNOLOGY, EVERYWHERE!
Cyberpsychology is a scientific inter-disciplinary domainthat focuses on the psychological phenomena whichemerge as a result of the human interaction with digitaltechnology, particularly the Internet (BPS, 2019)
WHAT IS CYBERPSYCHOLOGY?
https://www.bps.org.uk/member-microsites/cyberpsychology-section @BPSCyberpsychology
BPS Cyberpsychology
WHAT IS CYBERPSYCHOLOGY?
Cyberpsychology issues
Social media and social networking Digital gaming experiences/outcomes
E-Health and well-being
E-learningDoing research onlineand using online data
Cybersecurity
Online harms and risks
Problematic usage
Smartphone use
COURSESUndergraduate Courses
BSc (Hons) Cyberpsychology- Bournemouth University, UK
BSc (Hons) Cyberpsychology- University of Central Lancashire, UK
Bachelors in Cyberpsychology and e-Health - University of Sydney, Australia
Bachelors in Cyberpsychology- New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
BA Psychology and Computing- University College Cork, Ireland
Postgraduate Courses
MSc Cyberpsychology-Institute of Art, Design and Technology, Dun Laoghaire, Ireland
MSc Cyberpsychology- University of Wolverhampton, UK
MSc Cyberpsychology- Nottingham Trent University, UK
RESEARCH GROUPSCyberpsychology and Addictions Research Lab (CARL) (University of Tasmania)
International Association of CyberPsychology, Training, and Rehabilitation (iACToR)
Internet, health and clinical psychology research group (Linköping University, Sweden)
University of Bolton Computer and CyberPsychology Research Unit (UBCCRU) (University of Bolton, UK)
Cyberpsychology Research at the University of Wolverhampton (CRUW) (University of Wolverhampton, UK)
Cyberpsychology Research Group (University of Sydney, Australia)
Cyberpsychology Research Group (Nottingham Trent University, UK)
Cyberpsychology Research Group (University of South Wales, UK)
Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society (Masaryk University, Czech Republic)
Cyberpsychology Lab of the University of Quebec (University of Quebec, Canada)
Specialist Interest Group for Media, Art and Cyberpsychology (SIGMAC)
Psychology and Technology Research Group (DeMonfort University, UK)
Cyber and Interpersonal Behaviour Research (University of Buckingham)
SOME CONSIDERATIONS
PERSPECTIVESDisplacement hypothesisImpersonal, substitutes meaningful relationships, reduces social capital
Stimulation hypothesisAdditional context for interactions, support, enhances connections
PERSPECTIVES
Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2007). Online communication and adolescent well-being. Testing the stimulation versus displacement hypothesis. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1169-1182
Internet engagement Well-beingTime with friends Quality of relationships
+ + +
- - -
Stimulation hypothesis
Displacement hypothesis
Internet engagement Time with friends Quality of relationships
Well-being
Communication/Socialisation
Entertainment Informational
Recreation/leisure Work/study
Functional
DEFINING THE INTERNETMore recent research has focused on ways to more specifically define how the “Internet” displaces versus stimulates relationships:
The social internet (Nowland et al., 2018)
Understanding network types and sizes (Brown et al. 2018)
Active versus passive use (Ma, 2018)
Brown, R. M., Roberts, S. G. B., & Pollet, T. V. (2018). Loneliness is negatively related to Facebook network size, but not related to Facebook network structure. PsyArXiv. doi: 10.31234/osf.io/s2kya
Nowland, R., Necka, E. A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2018). Loneliness and social internet use: pathways to reconnection in a digital world. Perspectives on psychological science, 13 (1), 70-87
DEFINING THE INTERNETLatent Profile Analysis established four categories/profiles of internet behaviour:
Ma, C. M. S. (2018). A latent profile analysis of internet use and its association with psychological well-being outcomes among Hong Kong Chinese early adolescents. Applied research in quality of life, 13, 727-743
DEFINING THE INTERNET
Ma, C. M. S. (2018). A latent profile analysis of internet use and its association with psychological well-being outcomes among Hong Kong Chinese early adolescents. Applied research in quality of life, 13, 727-743
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Happiness Life Satisfaction Depression Sensation-seeking Hopelessness Loneliness
Non-active Internet users Active social media usersAll-round active Internet users Moderately active Internet users
OPPORTUNITIES FOR “THE INTERNET” TO SUPPORT WELL-BEING
Social networking or social media
Forums and discussion boards
Messaging systems Community sites and pages
Health and well-being apps
Social forms of gaming
FORMS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT
Social networking or social media
Forums and discussion boards
Messaging systems Community sites and pages
Health and well-being apps
Social forms of gaming
Mins/day
Support motivations
Emotional
Informational
Instrumental
Appraisal
Online bonding capital
Group identity
Self-esteem
Loneliness
Social Competence
Psychological Well-being
Quality of relationships
Support
Depth
Conflict
Kaye, L. K., & Quinn, S. (in press). Psychosocial outcomes associated with engagement with online chat systems. International Journal of Human Computer Interaction.
Mins/day
Support motivations
Emotional
Informational
Instrumental
Appraisal
Online bonding capital
Group identity
Self-esteem
Loneliness
Social Competence
Psychological Well-being
Quality of relationships
Support
Depth
Conflict
Significant positive correlationSignificant negative correlation
Online bonding capital
Group identity
Self-esteem
Loneliness
Social Competence
Psychological Well-being
.25**
-.28***.15*
.25***
.26***
.20**
*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < .05
WhatsApp Use(Mins/day)
.17*
.21**
Support Motivations
Quality of relationships
Model fit: ᵪ2 (8) = 9.14, p = .331, ᵪ2/df = 1.14, RMSEA = .027, CFI = .997
SO WHAT?Understanding mediators of online chat engagement is important to explore the psychological outcomes
Online bonding capital appears to be particularly important
WhatsApp stimulates existing relationships, via bonding capital which has a knock-on positive impact on well-being
Differential impacts of support motivations- requires careful interrogation in moving forward
Social networking or social media
Forums and discussion boards
Messaging systems Community sites and pages
Health and well-being apps
Social forms of gaming
Social Identity
Social competence
Loneliness
Self-esteem
Social capital
MMO engagement
MMO involvement
Online bridging
Online bonding
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Hours per week
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+
+
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Kaye, L. K., Kowert, R., & Quinn, S. (2017). The role of social identity and online social capital on psychosocial outcomes in MMO players. Computers in Human Behavior, 74 , 215-223. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.030
CONSOLIDATION “The internet” is a multidimensional and complex thing
Different internet-related activities are more “social” than others so are more likely to “stimulate” rather than “displace” social interactions
Some social internet activities seem to promote (or, at least be related to) aspects of positive well-being
Let’s be open-minded to “tech for good” when trying to understand how we use and are impacted by new technology and aspects of the internet!
WANT TO KNOW [email protected]
http://lindakkaye.wix.com/dr-linda-kaye
@LindaKKaye
https://osf.io/e8vjk/ (Open Science Framework)