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DEAF CULTUREBy Vicki Hardy
What is Deaf Culture?
Deaf culture describes the social beliefs, behaviors, art,
literary traditions, history, values and shared
institutions of communities that are
affected by deafness and which use
sign language as the main means of
communication.
The DEAF History
Ancient Greeks DenyDeaf Education
355 B.C.
1500’s First Attempts at
Educating the DeafPedro Ponce de Leon, a Benedictine Monk
To communicate necessary information, they develop their own form of sign language.
Martha's VineyardOnly Deaf Community in America
1690-1880
1755Start of
Oral Education
French Sign
Language EstablishedCharles Michel De
L'Eppe
1760
1817First American
Deaf School Founded
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet & Laurent Clerc
The Deaf History, continued
"Golden Age of Deaf Education"
American Sign Language flourishes.
Approximately 40% of all teachers are Deaf
1840 - 1912
Gallaudet College Opens
Abraham Lincoln signs
on the only deaf college
1864
1880’sThe
Conference of Milan Endorses
Oral Education
1927Rise of Oralism
National Deaf-Mute
College became
Gallaudet College
1894
Phone for Deaf
InventedIt is called TTY.
Robert Weitbrecht invented.
1964
1968Legislation at Work
Bilingual Education Act (P.L. 89-10) is passed. American Sign Language
is not included because it is not recognized as a language
The Deaf History, continued
Program Captioning Introduced
1972
1978 Section 504
of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
is passed.
1973The
Rehabilitation Act of
1973
Public Law 94-142 is passed1975
Cochlear Implants Approved
1985
1987Deaf Actress,
Marlee Matlin, Wins Oscar for her
role in the movie,
“Children of a Lesser
God”
Deaf President Now
Consider as the Revolution of
the Deaf1988
Literacy Traditions
ASL – American Sign Language ASL Storytelling
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diWPsb35QsYTheatres/Movies
Books “Go to the Hill” by Stevie Platt, deaf author
Arts Chuck Baird, deaf artist Granville Redmond, deaf impressionism
artist
Values and Beliefs
Values Deaf schools over mainstreamed schools
ASL over Signed Exact English/Oralism Deaf Clubs/Organizations/Sports Bilingual education over English only
education Deaf marriages over Deaf/Hearing
marriages
Norms ~ Social Behaviors
Eye contact Expression Time means nothing to us (prolonged
Goodbyes) Conversations
Blunt – “You gained, what happened?” Detailed – “I go store to buy pad for my
period. I forgot to buy some so I use toilet paper. Then saw a friend there, she said….blah, blah, blah!.”
Code switching with hearing people
Members of Deaf Community Deaf people Family of Deaf person
Parents/Grandparents Siblings Spouses
Interpreters Teachers of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing CODA (Children of Deaf Adults)
Technology
Closed Captions Hearing Aids (Analog and Digital) Videophone Vibrating/Flashing Alarm Clocks Signaler for Doorbell/Phone/Fire/Baby
Crying Phone (texting)
Interesting Facts
Thomas Alva Edison, a hearing loss inventor.
National Association of the Deaf did census of Deaf Americans; counted 13.4 million hearing and 1.8 million deaf Americans.
Comparatives of cultures - http://www.deafculture.com/ethnic_culture/
Resources/Links
Clubs/Organizations Children of Deaf Adults
CODA Brothers - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZjah32LoW0&feature=relatedChildren of Deaf Adults, Inc. - http://coda-international.org/blog
National Association for the Deaf - http://www.nad.org/ World Federation of the Deaf - http://www.wfdeaf.org/
ASL – American Sign Language www.aslpro.com http://www.lifeprint.com/ http://www.handspeak.com/
Technology www.sorensonvrs.com www.harriscomm.com/
Work Cited
Lane, H., Hoffmeister, R., & Bahan, B., (1996). A Journey into the Deaf World. San Diego, CA. Dawn Sign Press.
Correll, J., (2005). Inside deaf culture. Deafness & Educational International. 7(4), 223-224
http://www.deafculture.com/ethnic_culture/ (2005-2011)
http://www.signmedia.com/info/adc.htm http://www.aslinfo.com/deafculture.html http://www.culturediversity.org/deaf.htm http://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/culture/
deafhistory.html
