What is Diabetes (PSEm) 02

7/25/2019 What is Diabetes (PSEm) 02

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What is DiabetesWhat is Diabetes

Mellitus ?Mellitus ?


Mellitus ?Mellitus ?


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http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/people_m_z/stick_people/13acf5/


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DIABETESDIABETESGreekGreek

DIABETESDIABETES

GreekGreek

MELLITUSMELLITUSLatinLatin

MELLITUSMELLITUS

LatinLatin

Sweet as honeySweet as honeyTo pass waterTo pass waterlikelike

a siphona siphon


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SweetSweet

UrineUrine

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus

It is a longstanding disease characterizedIt is a longstanding disease characterized

by high blood sugar levels. Elevated levelsby high blood sugar levels. Elevated levels

of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead toof blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to

spillage of glucose into the urine.spillage of glucose into the urine.


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What is !lu"ose?What is !lu"ose?


Glucose is an essential nutrient that provides energGlucose is an essential nutrient that provides energfor the proper functioning of the body cells.for the proper functioning of the body cells.

MA# nee$sMA# nee$s

!lu"ose to!lu"ose to

workwork

%A& nee$s 'uel%A& nee$s 'uel

to (o)eto (o)e

FUELFUEL
http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/people_m_z/mechanic/1343e2/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/people_m_z/mechanic/1343e2/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/people_m_z/mechanic/1343e2/


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Glu"ose inGlu"ose in

$i!este$ 'oo$ is$i!este$ 'oo$ is

absorbe$ by theabsorbe$ by the

intestines intointestines into

the bloo$ an$the bloo$ an$"arrie$ to all"arrie$ to all

the "ells in thethe "ells in the

bo$y* Glu"osebo$y* Glu"ose

nee$s insulin tonee$s insulin toenter the "ells*enter the "ells*

GGGG

GG

GG

GG




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Insulin isInsulin is

pro$u"e$ by thepro$u"e$ by the

+A#%&EAS+A#%&EAS

espe"ially $urin!espe"ially $urin!

(eals* Without(eals* Without

insulin, !lu"oseinsulin, !lu"ose

"an-t enter the"an-t enter the

"ells an$ re(ains"ells an$ re(ains

in the bloo$*in the bloo$*

What is Insulin?What is Insulin?What is Insulin?What is Insulin?


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Cell =

Powerplant

Keyhole = Insulin

Receptor

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG GG

Key = InsulinKey = InsulinGlucoseGlucose
http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/


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Keyhole = InsulinReceptor

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

Key = InsulinKey = Insulin

CELL = POWERPLANCELL = POWERPLAN
http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/


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GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG GG GG GG GG

CELL = POWERPLANCELL = POWERPLAN

GG
http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/http://www.animationfactory.com/animations/science/energy/119e3b/


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GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

Type . DMType . DM

insulin /key0insulin /key0absentabsent

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

Type 1 DMType 1 DM$e'e"ti)e insulin$e'e"ti)e insulin

re"eptor /keyhole0re"eptor /keyhole0

with insu2"ientwith insu2"ient

insulininsulin

Insufficient production of insulin or theInsufficient production of insulin or the

inability of cells to use insulin (insulininability of cells to use insulin (insulin

resistance).resistance).

What "auses it?What "auses it?What "auses it?What "auses it?


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!o I ha"e !ia#etes$!o I ha"e !ia#etes$


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CRIERIA FOR !IAGNO%I%OF !IA&EE%

CRIERIA FOR !IAGNO%I%OF !IA&EE%

American DiabetesAssociation

8 hr Fasting Blood

Sugar

hours after

!"g glucose(#$%%)

NORMAL & ' mgd* & '+ mgd*

IMAIR!"#A$%INGGL&'!MIA (I#G)

' and & ',mgd*

---

IMAIR!"GL'O$!

%OL!RAN'!(IG%)

---

'+ and &

mgd*

DIABETES

MELLITUS

126 mg/dL 200 mg/dL

Symptoms of diabetes and Random

Blood Sugar of 200 mg/dL


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GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#

mgd*

' mg/l

0#123*!-', mgd*

! mgd*

GLUCO%E

IN%ULIN


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mgd*

' mg/l

0#123*!-', mgd*

! mgd*

GLUCO%E

IN%ULIN

GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#GLU%3SE &EGULATI3#


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E%I#*#$I4 4*3SSIFI43%I#0

#F /I3BE%ES 2E**I%5S

. %&! "IA*!%!$ M!LLI%$

6 +,cell dysfunction leading to absoluteinsulin deficiency

-. %&! - "IA*!%!$ M!LLI%$

6 predoinant insulin resistance /ithrelative insulin deficiency or

6 predoinant secretory defect /ith

insulin resistance

0. O%1!R $!'I#I' %&!$

2. G!$%A%IONAL "IA*!%!$ M!LLI%$


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/2 %7E '


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/2 %7E


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%'(PO(% OF !IA&EE%%'(PO(% OF !IA&EE%

E)cessi"eE)cessi"eurinationurination

Increase*Increase*thirstthirst

Increase*Increase*appetiteappetite


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S72%#2S #F E*E93%E/

B*##/ $*54#SE

E)cessi"e UrinationE)cessi"e Urination

Fre+uent hirstFre+uent hirst


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POLYURIAPOLYURIA-increased amount of daily urine-increased amount of daily urine

POLYURIAPOLYURIA-increased amount of daily urine-increased amount of daily urine


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S72%#2S #F E*E93%E/

B*##/ $*54#SE

POL'P,AGIAPOL'P,AGIA

IC,INE%%IC,INE%%


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Poor Woun*Poor Woun*

,ealin-,ealin-

Wei-ht LossWei-ht Loss

Wea.ness an*Wea.ness an*

Fati-ueFati-ue

&lurrin- o/&lurrin- o/

0ision0ision

%'(PO(% OF !IA&EE%%'(PO(% OF !IA&EE%


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:;# $E%S /I3BE%ES

2E**I%5S times more prone to 0E51#3%;7


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2303$E2E0% #F

/I3BE%ES 2E**I%5S

ExerciseExercise


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2303$E2E0% #F

/I3BE%ES 2E**I%5S

EducationEducation


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%he hilippine 4ollege of hysicians ?ishes toac@no?ledge the follo?ing for their invaluable

efforts in the preparation of this module

!laine Mata/aran3 M"

!laine 'unanan3 M"

Rosa Allyn G. $y3 M"

'oittee on Advocacy 4 ublicRelations

hilippine $ociety of !ndocrinologyand Metabolis

Documents

What is Diabetes (PSEm) 02