What one atom is the most importantin allowing life on Earth?

• (lab) 6 Properties of Water

The study of all compounds containingcarbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogenis called organic chemistry

Carbon can bond to make long chainslike no other atom can do.

“Giant Molecules”

4 Classes of organic molecules

1. Carbohydrates (sugars and starches)2. Proteins3. Lipids (fats)4. Nucleic Acids (genetic material)

*each of these are made from smaller subunits

LEGO ANALOGY

The main source of energy in living things!

Carbohydrate is a fancy word for SUGAR (glucose).

*Anything ending in -ose is a carb.

Monosaccharide- a single sugar molecule.• ex. Glucose (simple sugar)

Polysaccharide- many sugars strung together.• ex. Starch (complex carb)

Your body uses carbohydrates for immediatesources of energy (turns into ATP).

This is why it is so important to keep bloodsugar balanced.

Think Diabetes.

Strings of amino acids combine to make proteins with very specificshapes and functions.

Their shape is what givesthem their job.

Their shape is due to thesequence of amino acidsthat makes them up.

http://www.foodstolove.co.uk/nutrition/one-step-better-than-eating-protein/

Highly Sensitive!!!

If pH or temperaturechanges, shape will changeand they will not be able towork properly.

Made mostly of carbon and hydrogen, lipids store energy

A fancy word for FATS.

Some can be used as a waterproof covering to surround cells.

Considered to be “hydrophobic”

They DO NOT like to mix with water.• Includes waxes, fats, etc.

NUCLEOTIDES combine to make nucleic acids.

These are DNA

The order of nucleotides in your DNA holds thecode for all of your body’s proteins to be made.

Building Blocks!!!• Carbs = sugars

• starches made ofsimple sugars

• Proteins made of amino acids (A.A.s)

• Nucleic Acids made of nucleotide bases

Which of the four groups of moleculesis responsible for giving us our mainsource of energy?

• (lab) Properties of Water