What was the oldest European What was the oldest European settlement in the United States?settlement in the United States?

• St. Augustine, Florida

What was the oldest European What was the oldest European settlement in the United States?settlement in the United States?

• St. Augustine, Florida

What group of people assisted What group of people assisted Great Britain in the French and Great Britain in the French and Indian War (Seven Years War) Indian War (Seven Years War)

against France?against France?

• Colonial troops

What was the What was the Reformation?Reformation?

• A movement to reform the Catholic Church because of practices such as buying and selling church positions

Who was the conquistador who Who was the conquistador who explored Alabama?explored Alabama?

• Hernando DeSoto

How was the Virginia House How was the Virginia House of Burgesses significant to of Burgesses significant to our existing government?our existing government?

• It was a step toward self government which led to the

democratic government of the United States

Which English colony was the Which English colony was the first to be successful in first to be successful in becoming a permanent becoming a permanent

settlement?settlement?

• Jamestown, Virginia

What was the result of the exchange What was the result of the exchange of diseases which took place during of diseases which took place during

the Columbian Exchange?the Columbian Exchange?

• It destabilized the Native Americans because they had no immunity to the diseases introduced by Europeans; these diseases wiped out huge numbers of their population.

What was the What was the Columbian Columbian Exchange?Exchange?

The Columbian Exchange was the The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of plants, animals, foods, and exchange of plants, animals, foods, and

diseases among North America and other diseases among North America and other parts of the world after Columbus completed parts of the world after Columbus completed

his voyage in 1492his voyage in 1492

Which were the first battles of the Which were the first battles of the Revolutionary War during which Paul Revolutionary War during which Paul

Revere made his “midnight ride”?Revere made his “midnight ride”?

• Lexington and Concord

““No taxation without representation” No taxation without representation” was a slogan that was used in the was a slogan that was used in the

beginnings of which war in the beginnings of which war in the history of the United States?history of the United States?

• American Revolutionary War

Which document was a significant Which document was a significant early influence on the Constitution early influence on the Constitution

due to the inclusion of the idea that a due to the inclusion of the idea that a king’s power was not absolute?king’s power was not absolute?

• Magna Carta

Who were John Locke, Baron de Who were John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques

Rousseau?Rousseau?

• They were philosophers whose beliefs helped shape the

government of the United States

John Locke believed that the John Locke believed that the government should only get its government should only get its

authority from the ____________authority from the ____________

• people

Which document in early United Which document in early United States history was found to be States history was found to be

inadequate because the states were inadequate because the states were loosely bonded, resulting in a weak loosely bonded, resulting in a weak

or limited national government?or limited national government?

• Articles of Confederation

What were the warnings included in What were the warnings included in Washington’s Farewell AddressWashington’s Farewell Address??

• He warned about political parties, permanent alliances with foreign countries, and the need for national morality

A series of religious revivals that A series of religious revivals that swept across the colonies was called swept across the colonies was called

the _______________the _______________

• Great Awakening

A government that divides power A government that divides power between the national (federal) between the national (federal)

government and the state government and the state governments is called a governments is called a

______________________________

• Federal System or Federalism

Who is known as the Father of Who is known as the Father of the Constitution?the Constitution?

• James Madison

Which amendment ended Which amendment ended slavery?slavery?

• Thirteenth Amendment

Which amendment provided for Which amendment provided for women’s suffrage or right to vote?women’s suffrage or right to vote?

• Nineteenth Amendment

Which amendment guarantees the Which amendment guarantees the rights of citizenship?rights of citizenship?

• Fourteenth Amendment

The following passage states the purpose of the The following passage states the purpose of the Constitution. What is it called?Constitution. What is it called?

We the people of the United States, in order to We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the insure domestic tranquility, provide for the

common defense, promote the general welfare, common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this and our posterity, do ordain and establish this

Constitution for the United States of America.Constitution for the United States of America.

• Preamble to the Constitution

The first ten amendments to the The first ten amendments to the Constitution which protect the rights of Constitution which protect the rights of

citizens are called the _________citizens are called the _________

• Bill of Rights

What is the purpose of the Elastic What is the purpose of the Elastic Clause?Clause?

• It can be used to “stretch” or expand the powers of Congress by allowing Congress to pass laws that are necessary and proper to carry out specific powers.

Which philosopher’s beliefs are reflected in this Which philosopher’s beliefs are reflected in this passage?passage?

One main idea or principle in the Constitution is One main idea or principle in the Constitution is separation of powers. separation of powers. The first three articles divide the The first three articles divide the

national government into three branches: legislative, national government into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The writers of the Constitution executive, and judicial. The writers of the Constitution

did not want one part of government to become too did not want one part of government to become too powerful.powerful.

• Montesquieu

Two sets of laws that were passed to Two sets of laws that were passed to restrict the rights of African Americans restrict the rights of African Americans

were _________.were _________.

• Black Codes and Jim Crow Laws

Which amendment allowed all males to Which amendment allowed all males to vote regardless of race, color, or vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude?previous condition of servitude?

• Fifteenth Amendment

What do the 13What do the 13thth, 14, 14thth, 15, 15thth, and 19, and 19thth amendments have in common?amendments have in common?

• They are about rights for minorities

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of

Happiness.Happiness.

This is an excerpt from the ____________.This is an excerpt from the ____________.

• Declaration of Independence

The Social contract theory provides the rationale behind The Social contract theory provides the rationale behind the historically important idea that government should the historically important idea that government should

derive its authority form the consent of the derive its authority form the consent of the _______________._______________.

• People or Governed

I was an important figure in the I was an important figure in the American Revolution who is mostly American Revolution who is mostly

known for my “Give me liberty or give known for my “Give me liberty or give me death” speech.me death” speech.

• Patrick Henry

Who was the leader of the colonial Who was the leader of the colonial army?army?

• George Washington

Which battle in the Revolutionary War Which battle in the Revolutionary War convinced France to join the fight of the convinced France to join the fight of the

side of the American colonists?side of the American colonists?

• Battle of Saratoga

After the United States gained its After the United States gained its independence from Great Britain in the independence from Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, they fought them Revolutionary War, they fought them

again in the _____________.again in the _____________.

• War of 1812

Great Britain recognized the United Great Britain recognized the United States as a free and independent States as a free and independent

nation when they signed the nation when they signed the ___________.___________.

• Treaty of Paris of 1783

Where did George Washington train Where did George Washington train colonial troops throughout a long, hard colonial troops throughout a long, hard winter during which 2,500 troops died?winter during which 2,500 troops died?

• Valley Forge, Pennsylvania

This document concerned the foreign This document concerned the foreign policy of the United States in the policy of the United States in the

1800’s, including the plan that Europe 1800’s, including the plan that Europe would stay out of the affairs of the would stay out of the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, and the U.S. Western Hemisphere, and the U.S.

would stay out of the affairs of Europe.would stay out of the affairs of Europe.

• Monroe Doctrine

Which land purchase nearly doubled Which land purchase nearly doubled the size of the United States?the size of the United States?

• Louisiana Purchase

When did Alabama become a state?When did Alabama become a state?

• 1819

A line is established at 36 degrees, 30’ A line is established at 36 degrees, 30’ between free and slave states. Missouri between free and slave states. Missouri

would be admitted to the Union as a would be admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine would be slave state and Maine would be

admitted as a free state.admitted as a free state.This is the_______________.This is the_______________.

• Missouri Compromise

An idea that contributed to the Mexican-An idea that contributed to the Mexican-American War was that the United States American War was that the United States

must expand from the Atlantic Ocean (East must expand from the Atlantic Ocean (East Coast) to the Pacific Ocean (West Coast) Coast) to the Pacific Ocean (West Coast) and possess the entire North American and possess the entire North American

continent. This was called continent. This was called ________________.________________.

• Manifest Destiny

In 1849 thousands of “Forty-Niners” In 1849 thousands of “Forty-Niners” came to California seeking came to California seeking

____________.____________.

Gold

The people in this list were all known as The people in this list were all known as being___________.being___________.

Fredrick DouglasFredrick DouglasWilliam Lloyd GarrisonWilliam Lloyd Garrison

Harriet TubmanHarriet TubmanHarriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe

Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth

• Abolitionists

A network of homes/individuals that helped A network of homes/individuals that helped escaped slaves get to the northern part of escaped slaves get to the northern part of

the United States or Canada became the United States or Canada became known as the ______________.known as the ______________.

• Underground Railroad

The effects of Susan B. Anthony and The effects of Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were Elizabeth Cady Stanton were

recognized when American women recognized when American women were able to ________________.were able to ________________.

• Exercise their voting rights

In which battle during the War of 1812 In which battle during the War of 1812 in central Alabama were the Creek in central Alabama were the Creek Indians defeated by forces led by Indians defeated by forces led by

General Andrew Jackson?General Andrew Jackson?

• Battle of Horseshoe Bend

Who formed the Women’s Suffrage Who formed the Women’s Suffrage Association?Association?

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

Which reform movement helped lead to Which reform movement helped lead to the passage of the constitutional the passage of the constitutional

amendment that instituted national amendment that instituted national Prohibition?Prohibition?

• Temperance movement

Which battle is considered one of the Which battle is considered one of the turning points of the Civil War? Why?turning points of the Civil War? Why?

• Battle of Gettysburg- It was the first major defeat for Robert E. Lee after which he did not attempt further strategic offensives into the North.

What Supreme Court ruling made the What Supreme Court ruling made the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional or Missouri Compromise unconstitutional or

illegal by denying a slave the right to be free illegal by denying a slave the right to be free after his owner took him north of the line for after his owner took him north of the line for

slave states? It stated that he was not a slave states? It stated that he was not a citizen and could not bring a case to court citizen and could not bring a case to court

because he was the property of his master.because he was the property of his master.

• Dred Scott Decision

Reconstruction ended when Reconstruction ended when ____________________________

• President Hayes pulled federal troops out of the South

What do the Homestead Act and What do the Homestead Act and the Morrill-Land Grant Act have in the Morrill-Land Grant Act have in

common?common?

• The Homestead Act provided land (160 acres to settlers, and the Morrill-Land Grant Act provided land for colleges

This act stated that California would enter the This act stated that California would enter the Union as a free state and people who lived in the Union as a free state and people who lived in the

areas of the Utah and New Mexico Territories areas of the Utah and New Mexico Territories would use popular sovereignty to determine free would use popular sovereignty to determine free

or slave status.or slave status.

• Compromise of 1850

Which location is known as theWhich location is known as the “Cradle of the Confederacy”?“Cradle of the Confederacy”?

• Montgomery, Alabama

What was the location for the What was the location for the surrender of General Robert E. Lee surrender of General Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant at the to General Ulysses S. Grant at the

end of the Civil War?end of the Civil War?

• Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia

Two derogatory terms used to describe people in the aftermath of Two derogatory terms used to describe people in the aftermath of the Civil War were ____________ and ______________.the Civil War were ____________ and ______________.

The first term referred to a group of white Republican Southerners The first term referred to a group of white Republican Southerners who sympathized wit the federal Reconstruction effort. The who sympathized wit the federal Reconstruction effort. The

second term referred to white business people from the North who second term referred to white business people from the North who moved to the South during Reconstruction.moved to the South during Reconstruction.

• Scalaways and Carpetbaggers

Several movements sought to reform Several movements sought to reform society in some way. Which movement society in some way. Which movement

was seeking primarily to support the was seeking primarily to support the rights of farmers in the Mid-West?rights of farmers in the Mid-West?

• Populist Movement

What do windmills, railroads, and What do windmills, railroads, and barbwire have in common?barbwire have in common?

• Led to more people joining the westward expansion in the United States

Both the mechanical reaper and the Both the mechanical reaper and the cotton gin made it possible for cotton gin made it possible for

______________________

• Greater productivity for farmers (fewer people could get more work done)

What was the name of the final What was the name of the final battle between General Custer and battle between General Custer and

the Plains Indians?the Plains Indians?

• Battle of the Little Bighorn

What was the name of the final What was the name of the final battle between General Custer and battle between General Custer and

the Plains Indians?the Plains Indians?

• Battle of the Little Bighorn

Which method of transportation Which method of transportation contributed MOST to westward contributed MOST to westward migration the late 19migration the late 19thth century? century?

• Railroads

What city became the South’s What city became the South’s foremost iron and steel industrial foremost iron and steel industrial

center?center?

• Birmingham, Alabama

Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair where known as __________where known as __________

Muckrakers who were journalists that investigated and exposed crime, corruption, waste, and abuse in the public and private sectors

In 1859 In 1859 The Origin of Species by Means of The Origin of Species by Means of Natural SelectionNatural Selection was published. By the late was published. By the late nineteenth century, some people translated nineteenth century, some people translated the “survival of the fittest” message of this the “survival of the fittest” message of this book into economic and social issues. This book into economic and social issues. This

was called ________was called ________

• Social Darwinism

In the 1900s, what product became In the 1900s, what product became illegal throughout the United States as illegal throughout the United States as a result of the 18a result of the 18thth Amendment to the Amendment to the

United States Constitution?United States Constitution?

• Alcoholic Beverages

During President Theodor Roosevelt’s During President Theodor Roosevelt’s administration, Congress passed two administration, Congress passed two important consumer protection acts.important consumer protection acts.

These acts were ____________These acts were ____________

• Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act

The National Association for the The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was formed under the (NAACP) was formed under the

leadership of ____________leadership of ____________

• W.E.B. Du Bois

Which “Robber Baron” or “Captain of Which “Robber Baron” or “Captain of Industry” gave much of his riches to Industry” gave much of his riches to

fund libraries, schools, and fund libraries, schools, and universities?universities?

• Andrew Carnegie

Who was the leader in the African Who was the leader in the African American community who also became American community who also became a great leader at Tuskegee Institute?a great leader at Tuskegee Institute?

• Booker T. Washington

The Rough Riders fought in Cuba The Rough Riders fought in Cuba during the __________during the __________

• Spanish-American War

During the Spanish-American War During the Spanish-American War the United States gained control of the United States gained control of

______________________

• Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba, and the Philippines

Who was the Alabamian that aided Who was the Alabamian that aided wit the eradication of mosquitoes in wit the eradication of mosquitoes in Cuba and during the building of the Cuba and during the building of the

Panama Canal?Panama Canal?

• William Gorgas

Around the time of the Spanish-Around the time of the Spanish-American War, what was the term American War, what was the term

for sensational writing with no for sensational writing with no regard for the truth?regard for the truth?

• Yellow Press or Yellow Journalism

The Unites States’ Open Door The Unites States’ Open Door Policy in the Eastern Hemisphere Policy in the Eastern Hemisphere tried to establish ____________tried to establish ____________

• Equal trading rights for foreign nations

One form of imperialism in the One form of imperialism in the strengthening of a nation’s political and strengthening of a nation’s political and economic power by acquiring additional economic power by acquiring additional territory. Which of the following conflicts territory. Which of the following conflicts

involved American imperialism?involved American imperialism?

• Spanish-American War

The completion of this project in 1914 The completion of this project in 1914 helped the United States to become a helped the United States to become a

major word sea power.major word sea power.

• Panama Canal

Upon what country did the United Upon what country did the United States declare war in World War I?States declare war in World War I?

• Germany

The expansion of black writers, poetry, The expansion of black writers, poetry, dance and art in New York beginning in dance and art in New York beginning in

the 1920’s was the ____________the 1920’s was the ____________

• Harlem Renaissance

A Blues composer and musician with A Blues composer and musician with ties to Alabama who is known as the ties to Alabama who is known as the Father of the Blues Father of the Blues is ____________is ____________

• W.C. Handy

Who were the two Italian immigrants Who were the two Italian immigrants who were jailed, convicted and who were jailed, convicted and

executed for their political views during executed for their political views during the time of the Red Scare?the time of the Red Scare?

• Sacco and Vanzetti

Movies became very popular in the Movies became very popular in the 1920’s. Theaters across the United 1920’s. Theaters across the United States showed the films that were States showed the films that were

produced in _______________produced in _______________

• Hollywood, California

Isolationism in America was illustrated Isolationism in America was illustrated in 1920 when the United States failed in 1920 when the United States failed

to ratify or join the ____________ even to ratify or join the ____________ even though President Wilson felt that it though President Wilson felt that it

would prevent the threat of future wars would prevent the threat of future wars

• League of Nations

What was the name for the young What was the name for the young women who rebelled against customary women who rebelled against customary

social standards during the Roaring social standards during the Roaring Twenties? Twenties?

• Flappers

What ended the Jazz Age?What ended the Jazz Age?

• Great Depression

A prominent writer during the A prominent writer during the Roaring Twenties whose novels Roaring Twenties whose novels

illustrate the high society life of the illustrate the high society life of the 1920’s. 1920’s. The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby is his is his

best-known work.best-known work.

• F. Scott Fitzgerald

An American gangster who led in the An American gangster who led in the smuggling and bootlegging of liquor smuggling and bootlegging of liquor during the Prohibition years and was during the Prohibition years and was

convicted by the federal government for convicted by the federal government for income tax evasion was _________ income tax evasion was _________

• Al Capone

A period between 1929 and 1941 A period between 1929 and 1941 marked by high unemployment and marked by high unemployment and

severe poverty is known as the severe poverty is known as the ____________________________

• Great Depression

Programs such as Federal Deposit Programs such as Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Tennessee Insurance Corporation, Tennessee

Valley Authority, and Social Security Valley Authority, and Social Security Act were a part of President Franklin Act were a part of President Franklin

Roosevelt’s _____________Roosevelt’s _____________

• New Deal

Which New Deal program povided both Which New Deal program povided both jobs and electricity?jobs and electricity?

• Tennessee Valley Authority

President Franklin Roosevelt used this President Franklin Roosevelt used this method to speak directly to the people method to speak directly to the people

to gather support for his New Deal.to gather support for his New Deal.

• Fireside chats

Which New Deal Program employed Which New Deal Program employed many unmarried men between the ages many unmarried men between the ages

of 17 and 23 to plant trees, install of 17 and 23 to plant trees, install electric lines, and construct buildings electric lines, and construct buildings

and trails in parks?and trails in parks?

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A drought occurred during the Great A drought occurred during the Great Depression which forced many Mid-Depression which forced many Mid-West farmers to leave or lose their West farmers to leave or lose their

farms. What was this drought called?farms. What was this drought called?

• Dust Bowl

The American President at the The American President at the beginning of the Great Depression beginning of the Great Depression

years who lost to Franklin Roosevelt years who lost to Franklin Roosevelt because the people blamed him for the because the people blamed him for the

nation’s economic problems was nation’s economic problems was ______________________________

• Herbert Hoover

Which New Deal Program raised the Which New Deal Program raised the minimum wage to forty cents an hour minimum wage to forty cents an hour

and set standards that prevented child and set standards that prevented child labor under the age of 16?labor under the age of 16?

• Fair Labor Standards Act

Which event had the GREATEST Which event had the GREATEST influence on the United States decision influence on the United States decision

to enter World War II?to enter World War II?

• Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

Which countries where “The Big Three” Which countries where “The Big Three” allies of the United States in allies of the United States in

World War II?World War II?

• Soviet Union, Great Britain and France

During World War I, the United States During World War I, the United States government sold war bonds to government sold war bonds to MOSTLY to _____________MOSTLY to _____________

• Help finance the cost of the war

What term is used to describe the What term is used to describe the invasion of the beaches of Normandy invasion of the beaches of Normandy on June 6, 1944, by the Allied forces on June 6, 1944, by the Allied forces

during World War II?during World War II?

• D-Day