WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT CURRICULUM (Tutorial 1)

WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT CURRICULUM (Tutorial 1)CTYTNFIIJMKNAWNo. 1 Definition of CurriculumA plan for achieving goals A plan for providing sets of learning opportunities for persons to be educated -J. Galen SaylorCurriculum is an organised set of formal education and / or training intentions-David PrattFrom: Curriculum Foundations, Principles, and IssuesCurriculum is a plan for an education programme outlined by the government to guide or to help the teachers, educators, schools in teaching and learning.No. 2 Elements of curriculum1) PurposeMeaningful to the students achievement

2) Content

3) Method / Learning Experiences

4) EvaluationFeedback for the teachers and schoolWe need to understand whether the curriculum is working or notNo. 3 Which curriculum perspective holds that:a) Knowledge is personal and subjectiveExistentialistHow student A learns is different with how student B learns

b) Knowledge is based on evidenceEmpiricistTeacher giving assessment to the students to know whether the students understand what he has taught them (get evidence from the worksheet)

c) Teachers are sources of ideas and informationRationalist Teacher-centeredTeacher does all the ideas (the focus person in the classroom)

d) Learners must experience knowledgePragmatistInquiry-basedHands-onNo. 4 Which subject (school setting)would appeal to those who have pragmatics or existential view of the worldPragmatics: focus on hands-on problem solving, experimenting, and projects, often having students work in groups (socially constructed)Science, Kemahiran Hidup (KH) school settingTeaching Resources IPG setting

Existentialism: focus on creating opportunities for self-direction and self actualization, education is less formalLanguage Arts & ArtsBIG, drama (support personal growth), literasi bahasa IPG settingNo. 5 On which curriculum perspective would you say your system is based?We think that Malaysian curriculum is a mixture of idealism, realism, pragmatic and existentialism.

Idealism (Rationalist) - experienced through sight, touch, smell, taste, and sound, that is changing, imperfect, and disorderly.Realism (Empiricist) - focus on mastery of facts and basic skills through demonstration and recitation (mathematics & science experiments)Pragmatics - apply their knowledge to real situations through experimental inquiry (science)Existentialism - focus on creating opportunities for self-direction and self actualization (language arts & arts)No. 6 Who decides the content, methods, purpose and evaluation of your countrys curriculumThe Ministry of EducationThe stakeholders (teachers, students, parents, community)Non Government OrganisationsWorld bankThe United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)Local Universities Government agencies (Performance Management and Delivery Unity [PEMANDU])Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)