What were some causes of World War II?

• Worldwide Depression

(reparations)•High debt owed by Germany:

• Massive unemployment

• High inflation

These conditions led to the rise of powerful leaders,called ____________________.dictators

FASCISM

a political philosophy in which

total power is given to a dictator

and individual freedoms are denied

World War II

• Italy

• Japan

• Germany

_______________ vs _______________AXIS POWERS ALLIED POWERS

•United States

•Great Britain

•Canada

•France

•U.S.S.R.

Who were the leaders of these countries?

(Benito Mussolini)

(Tojo Hideki)

(Adolf Hitler)

(FDR)

(Winston Churchill)

(Joseph Stalin)

Which ones were fascists?

Give an example from World War II of:

•AGGRESSION:Axis Powers invaded other Eastern European countriesJapan invaded Manchuria

•APPEASEMENT:The Munich Conference

MAJOR EVENTS OF WORLD WAR II

World War II began when: Germany invaded Poland._____ also invaded Poland.

What happened to France? Germany invaded France,and captured Paris.

What happened to Britain? Germany bombed Londonduring the ______________.

The U.S. gave Britain war supplies & old naval shipsin return for military bases in Bermuda & the Caribbean.

Rising tension developed between the U.S. and Japan because of Japanese _______________ in East Asia.AGGRESSION

USSR

Battle of Britain

What was the US policy at this time?

First, we tried to remain in isolation.

Then, we gave economic aid to the Allies.

Finally, we were directly involved in the war, when…

On December 7th, 1941,

Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.

“_________________________________,”

said Franklin D. Roosevelt.

a date which will live in infamy…

After the attack on Pearl Harbor,the ______________ declared war on __________.

Then _________ declared war on the United States.

The result of the attack on Pearl Harbor was

America entered World War II.

Germany

United States Japan

1. German air attack on London and other English cities:Battle of Britain

2. The turning point in the war in the Pacific,Japan lost 4 aircraft carriers:

Battle of Midway

3. Allied invasion on the coast of Normandy, Francewhich began the liberation of France from Nazi Germany:

D-Day

Turning Points in the War:

1. The Soviet Union defeated Germany at: Stalingrad.

2. Allied troops landed in Normandy, France on: D-Day.

3. The turning point of the war in the Pacific was the victoryof the U.S. over Japan in the Battle of Midway.

This was the turning point of the war in Eastern Europe.

Where were the most major battles of World War II fought?

Central Europe

Africa

the Pacific

The need for workers temporarily broke downsome racial barriers in hiring, but _______________

against African Americans continued:discrimination

African American soldiers served in __________________ units.segregated

How did the lives of some Japanese Americans change during World War II?

• Many Japanese Americans

(especially those living along the west coast)

were placed in _____________________.

• Many were treated with

_________________________.

• Some Japanese American men

________________________________.

internment camps

distrust & prejudice

served gallantly in the armed forces

How did the role of women change during World War II?

• Women took jobs in ________________ during the war.

Rosie the Riveter.

defense plants

•The model of the

working woman was:

How did Americans at homesupport the war?

• Americans at home conserved & rationed resources.

What finally brought an end to the Depression?

America’s involvement in World War II.

Factories & workers were needed

to produce goods to win the war.

Near the end of World War II, the U.S. developed a secret, new weapon:

the atomic bomb

The United States dropped atomic bombs on:

_________________ and _______________.Hiroshima Nagasaki

JAPAN

Hitler and his Nazi Party believed:

the Aryan race was supreme.

The Holocaust• Anti-• ______ supremacy• A systematic attempt to ___________ all Jews in Europe

by the Hitler’s Nazi Party

• Tactics: - _________ of Jewish stores- threats- separation, or ___________

into ghettos- imprisonment, slave labor & death in ____________________

• Liberation of the concentration camps by ____________.

SemitismAryan

exterminate

boycott

segregation

concentration campsAllied Forces

Following World War II, Americans prospered.

WHY?

America prospered because there was a rapid growth of the economy:

Rationing was over!

Businesses changed from producing war materials to consumer goods.

Americans purchased goods on credit.

The workforce shifted back to men, andmost women returned to their families.

Labor unions merged and became more powerful(AFL – CIO).

Workers gained new benefits and higher wages.

Technology boomed.

A new generation of women entered the labor force.

Rationing was over!

Businesses changed from producing

war materials

to making consumer goods.

Americans purchased goods on credit.

The workforce shifted back to ______,

and most women returned _______________.

men

to their families

____________ merged and became more powerful.

Workers gained new _______ and higher _________.

Labor unions

benefits wages

The union’s new name:

Technology boomed!

The Space Race

• First artificial satellite:• Sputnik (USSR)

• First man in space:• Yuri Gagarin (USSR)

• First American in space:• John Glenn

• First man to walk on the moon:• Neil Armstrong (USA)

Industries benefiting from the new technologies:

• Airline industry - JETS

• Automobile industry & interstate highway system

• Entertainment and news media

• Exploration of SPACE

• Computer industry

• Satellite system – • Telecommunications

• Internet

The Space Program led to other industries, such as:

• pagers

• cell phones

• satellite dishes for television

a strong economy due to: healthy job market

increased production of goods increased demand for American products

greater investment in education

interstate highway system

“The Baby Boom”

changing role of women (still expected to be at-home, but more & more were working)

African American’s hopes for equal opportunities

changes in the make-up of immigrants after 1965

The G.I. Bill

• educational benefits• housing opportunities• employment benefits

for World War II veterans

The ______________________ was formednear the end of World War II to create anorganization for the nations of the worldto try to prevent future global wars.

United Nations

Proposed by George C. Marshall, ___________________________

provided Europe with financial aid to ______ European economies

and prevent the spread of___________.

the Marshall Plan

rebuild

communism

THE COLD WAR

A state of tension

between the US and the USSR

without actual fighting.

The SUPERpowers

THE SOVIET UNION• totalitarian• communist• dictatorship

THE UNITED STATES• democratic• capitalist• elected president

The type of government under Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union:

COMMUNISM

The United States and the nations in yellow represent:

_____________________________________________.(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)NATO

The nations in red represent the __________________________Warsaw Pact

(or: ).Soviet Union & its allies

West Germany: East Germany:

became _____________ remained ____________

& resumed self-government. under domination of the

____________________

democratic communist

U.S.S.R.Japan:• was occupied by American forces• soon adopted a democratic form of government• resumed self-government• became an ally of the United States

The BERLIN WALL divided:

East and West Berlin.

What was America’s policy toward Communism during the

Cold War?

CONTAINMENTCONTAINMENT

KOREAN WAR

• South Korea & the United Nations resisted North Korean aggression.

• The conflict ended in a_______________.stalemate

The Cuban Missile Crisis

•The Soviet Union placed missiles in Cuba.•President Kennedy ordered a blockade of Cuba.•The Soviets removed the missiles.

America nearly went to war with the Soviet Union!

THE VIETNAM WAR

•Americans were divided over this military involvement.•The conflict ended in a cease-fire and American troops withdrew.

communism•The U.S. intervened to stop the spread of __________.

The idea that communism may spread throughout Southeast Asian countries

like South Vietnam was called the__________________________.DOMINO THEORY

Why were the Korean and Vietnam Wars fought?

TO CONTAIN COMMUNISM

The Collapse of Communism

• began with the destruction of the Berlin Wall.• breakup of the USSR into independent countries.

What did President Reagan tell Soviet Premier Gorbachev to do?

“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”

Why did communism failin the Soviet Union?

Because western influence

(television)

led to dissatisfaction with

the Communist life style.

What happened to the Soviet Union?

The country was broken up into manyindependent countries.

The __________________ laws:

• made discrimination against African

Americans legal

• characterized by unequal opportunity in housing, work, education & government

Jim Crow

What were some effects of segregationon American society?

- separate schools

-separate public facilities (restrooms, drinking fountains, restaurants)

- social isolation of the races

Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 Supreme Court Case that stated “separate but equal” facilities was ok.

                                                                                                                     

What Supreme Court case ruling states that “separate but equal” facilities are not constitutional?

• Brown v. Topeka Board of EducationThis Supreme Court case ordered

the _______________ of schools.desegregation

What did Rosa Parks do?She refused to give up her seat & move to the back of the bus,

and that’s how the _________________________ began,The Montgomery Bus Boycott

Who was denied a seat in front of the busbecause she was not white? Rosa Parks

when African Americans refused to ride the buses inMontgomery, Alabama.

Who said, “I have a dream”?

MARTIN LUTHER KING, Jr.

What methods did Rev. King use to oppose segregation?

Passive ResistancePassive Resistance

What was his speech about? Racial equality

What were other actions taken in the struggle for equality?

- organized protests

- Freedom Riders

- sit-ins and marches

What organization helped African Americansduring the Civil Rights Movement?

NAACPNAACP =National Associationfor the Advancementof Colored People

Civil Rights legislationName two:

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Voting Rights Act of 1965

How were women disadvantaged in the workplace?

- discrimination in hiring

-lower wages for women than men doing the same job

What organization worked to improve women’s rights?

N.O.W. = National Organization for Women

Remember A L I C E P A U L ?

New laws forced colleges to give women equal athletic opportunities

The EQUAL RIGHTS ADMENDMENT failed to become a part of the Constitution,

but it provided a focus on equal opportunity in employment for women and

created a wider range of options and advancement for women in business and public service.

was introduced in Congress for 49 consecutive years, and finally passed both houses in 1972….BUT it was ratified by only 35 states – 3 short of passing!

Remember A L I C E P A U L !

Since 1960, many Asian and Latin Americans have immigrated

to the US. WHY?

• to escape from poverty

• to escape from political persecution

• to seek greater economic & educational

opportunities

How did new technologies effect American life?

• increased domestic and international travel for business & pleasure.

• greater access to news & other information.

• cheaper & more convenient means of communication.

• greater access to heating & air conditioning.

• decreased regional variations –

why are Americans becoming more alike?

Movies Television Radio Internet Computer games

What are new challenges Americans face today?

• Role of the US military to intervene in trouble spots around the world

• Environmental issues

• Global issues, such as trade, jobs, disease.

GOOD LUCK!!!GOOD LUCK!!!