What will we learn today?What will we learn today?

Standard 11.1.3 The history of the Constitution after 1787 with emphasis on federal versus state authority and growing democratization.Standard 11.1.4 The effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction

Early America to Civil War

President James President James Monroe was among Monroe was among many people who many people who believed the best believed the best solution to slavery solution to slavery was to take all African was to take all African Americans on ships Americans on ships and resettle them in and resettle them in Africa. Good idea or Africa. Good idea or bad idea?bad idea?

Directions: You are to take on the persona of two people living in America during the period of Westward Expansion. One (Moe Land) supports America’s westward expansion, and the other (Chief Fighting Eagle) does not. On the handout provided, explain the perspective of each person and why they hold that viewpoint. Also, include a drawing to illustrate each person’s position.

Moe Land’s article must include at least 3 of the following terms:- Manifest Destiny***- Louisiana Purchase- Monroe Doctrine- Homestead Act- Mining- War with Mexico/ Treaty of Guadalupe

Chief Fighting Eagle’s article must include and explain the following 3 terms: - Trail of Tears- Assimilation-Dawes Act-President Jackson

Assignment: The First Presidents

2.4

•Beginning around 1500, European colonists in America who needed cheap labor began using enslaved Africans on plantations and farms.

•In the United States slavelabor was used for field crops, such as cotton, and tobacco.

• By the 19th century there were 1.5 million enslaved people in the United States

– Would increase to 4 million

• Most of them were in the Southern United States

• There were many that felt slavery was wrong.

• The Abolitionist movement help bring attention to enslaved peoples plight.

• Quakers & Baptists along with other religious groups said it was immoral.

• Others said it opposed the idea of equality in Dec. of Ind.

• The abolitionist movement started in the early 1800s, the movement called for abolition, or immediate end to slavery

• The movement pitted the North against South

• And helped bring the Civil war

Wade in the Water• (Chorus)(Chorus)

Wade in the water.Wade in the water.Wade in the water, children.Wade in the water, children.Wade in the water.Wade in the water.God's gonna trouble the water.God's gonna trouble the water.

• Well, who are these children all dressed in red?Well, who are these children all dressed in red?God's a-gonna trouble the waterGod's a-gonna trouble the waterMust be the children that Moses ledMust be the children that Moses ledGod's a-gonna trouble the water.God's a-gonna trouble the water.

• ChorusChorus• Who's that young girl dressed in white Who's that young girl dressed in white

Wade in the Water Wade in the Water Must be the Children of Israelites Must be the Children of Israelites God's gonna trouble the Water.God's gonna trouble the Water.

• ChorusChorus• Jordan's water is chilly and cold.Jordan's water is chilly and cold.

God's gonna trouble the water.God's gonna trouble the water.It chills the body, but not the soul.It chills the body, but not the soul.God's gonna trouble the water.God's gonna trouble the water.

• ChorusChorus• If you get there before I do.If you get there before I do.

God's gonna trouble the water.God's gonna trouble the water.Tell all of my friends I'm coming too.Tell all of my friends I'm coming too.God's gonna trouble the water.God's gonna trouble the water.

• ChorusChorus

The very title of ‘Wade in the Water’ is advice to the runaways on how to avoid being tracked by bloodhounds.

The reference to ‘Jordan’ could well be

the Promised Land, in this case land where

slavery didn’t exist, like Canada.

‘It chills my body, but not my soul’ is reference to the physical discomforts that the journey will take, but at the same time is trying to bolster the spirits

• Underground Railroad: “network of people who arranged transportation & hiding places for escaped slaves”.

• Conductors offered hiding places at ‘stations’ (homes) & would send word to the next station that a group was coming.

What reform movement of the early 1800s

wanted an immediate end to slavery ?

• Abolitionist Movement

What 2 religious groups supported the Abolitionist Movement?

• Quakers and Baptists

What was the Underground Railroad?

• “network of people who arranged transportation & hiding places for escaped slaves”.

• Harriet Tubman- famous ‘conductor’

• Was a runaway slave• Again and again she

risked journeys into the slaves states to bring men and women out.

• Saved as many as 200 people

• Dred Scott was a slave in the United States who sued unsuccessfully for his freedom – He was considered

property not a citizen

• His case was based on the fact that he had lived in states and territories where slavery was illegal

Fredrick Douglass

• Escaped from slavery

• Published his own anti-slavery newspaper and an autobiography

John Brown • On October 16, 1859,

he led 18 men on a raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.

• His plan to arm slaves with the weapons

• Within 36 hours of the attack, most of Brown's men had been killed or captured.

• He was sentenced to death

What slave sued for his freedom?

• Dred Scott

"Those who deny freedom to others, deserve it not for themselves; and, under a just God, can not long retain it."

1. Disagreement over the legality, morality, and politics of slavery

2. John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry polarized North and South

3. Southerners viewed Lincoln’s election as a threat to their society, culture, and lives

4. Southern States seceded from the Union

5. Attack on Fort Sumter

• Lincoln tried to avoid war• Addressed seceding

states directly promised not to eliminate slavery where it already existed

• Plea for reconciliation • But the confederates

bombed Fort Sumter• Civil War had begun-

April 13, 1861

Union-NORTH

Lead by LincolnConfederate-

SOUTHLead by Davis

VS.

• Northerners began to agree that slavery had to end

• To punish the South and to make the soldiers fighting worth while

• September 22, 1862- Lincoln issued the proclamation

• Freeing all enslaved people in states of war– But not all states

He’ll emancipate the “ish” out of you!

Who was President during the American Civil War?

• Abraham Lincoln

What are the 5 major causes of the Civil War ?

1. Disagreement over slavery

2. John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry

3. Lincoln elected

4. Southern States seceded from the Union

5. Attack on Fort Sumter

Why did Southerners not want Lincoln elected?

• Though it would threaten slavery in the South

What was the Emancipation Proclimation?

• Freed all enslaved people in states of war

Did the Emancipation Proclamation free all American

slaves?

• No, some southern states that didn’t secede were allowed to keep their slaves (for now)

Women served as nurses in the battlefield

Company E,4th U.S. Colored Infantry, Washington D.C.  Serving in segregated units like the one shown here, Blacks fought in nearly 500 Civil War battles.

• After 4 years of battle South surrenders

• 13th amendment is passed

banning slavery in the United States

• Rev. War- 25,000• Civil War- 620,000• WWI- 107,00• WW2- 407,000• Korean War- 36,500• Vietnam War- 58,000

• Most of the Civil War deaths were due to disease.

Civil War Deaths Compared

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000DEATHS

Civil War

WWII

WWI

Vietnam

Korea

Rev. War

• It is transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces from an infected person

• Did you know that germs were unheard of during the Civil War, and men would drink out of water that thirty yards upstream, a man relieved himself in? Surgeons never washed their hands after an operation, because all blood was assumed to be the same, nor did he wash his instruments.

Clip from Glory

• 8:00 – 9:00

Other Fun Facts

• Sometimes during the Civil War, glasses with colored lenses were used to treat disorders and illness. Yellow-tinted glasses were used to treat syphilis, blue for insanity, and pink for depression. Thus we get the term, To see the world through rose-colored glasses. When you looked through them, supposedly, you became happy.

• mourned for her husband in the 1860's, she spent a minimum of two-and-a-half years in mourning? That meant little or no social activities: no parties, no outings, no visitors, and a wardrobe that consisted of nothing but black. The husband, when mourning for his wife, however, spent three months in a black suit.

What Amendment banned slavery?

• 13th Amendment

What were most of the civil war deaths due to?

• disease

Summary

• Essential Question: What were the real causes of the Civil War?

Take Out Your Study Guide

• 10 minutes to work on it.

Take Out Your Study Guide

• Where can you find the essay question?

Assignment: Unit 1 Essay Practice

• Lets practice Essay #1 together.

Assignment: Unit 1 Essay Practice

• Lets practice Essay #1 together.

• How were John Locke’s idea of natural rights, although included in the Declaration of Independence, never fully realized in early America? (in other words: what were natural rights and who didn’t get them?)

African AmericansNative Americans

(Indians) Women

Restate the question

Restate the intro (without repeating yourself)

Introduction

What are natural rights?

Conclusion

Now, Write a Rough Draft

• Nine specific points

The Presidents: Lincoln and Johnson

• Start at 22:00