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Vocab
• Mutiny– To betray the leader of a group
• Catholic Mission• Church established among non-believing people with the
goal of converting them to Catholicism
• Raiding Party– Attack by an Indian group with the goal of
capturing new tribes members
Rene-Robert Cavalier sieur de LaSalle
• But LaSalle is good enough• French explorer and adventurer• Arrogant and Zealous– Wanted to establish a new French Empire in
America• Beat the Spanish out of Mexico• Never Happened
Henri de Tonti: The Man With an Iron Hand
• Italian adventure and mercenary– Lost a hand in a battle– Replaced with an iron hook• Seen as magical by American Indians
• Only man that LaSalle trusted – LaSalle’s lieutenant
Fort Crevecoeur
• Modern day Peoria• First European structure in Illinois• LaSalle left Tonti in charge to bring back
supplies– Crew quickly mutinies – Nicknamed “Fort Broken Heart”
• Tonti and a few others establish a fort at Starved Rock– Fort St. Louis
Waiting for LaSalle
• LaSalle left in winter• Tonti builds for St. Louis and offers Illini tribe
protection from their Iroquois enemies• By September Tonti prepares to return to the
Great Lakes• Iroquois attack the Illini– Tonti tries to negotiate peace between the tribes
• Gets stabbed by an Iroquois
• Tonti and some men escape
France Claims North America
• Spring 1682– LaSalle and Tonti make it to the Gulf of Mexico– Claim all between the Appalachians and Rockies
• Then they build the better Fort St. Louis• LaSalle returns to France to gather an army to
repel the Spanish from New Orleans and eventually Mexico– Misses the Mississippi then marches up the coast
of Texas– Men mutiny and kill LaSalle
Tonti Stays in Illinois
• Tonti established a quality fur trade industry in Illinois• Eventually built Fort Pimitoui – Became the strongest French fort in Illinois
• Relations with the Fox Indians deteriorate– Start to move settlements to Southern Illinois
• Recommended the site for the village Cahokia as a Catholic Mission
• Tonti went on to be an important figure in the founding of cities in the lower Mississippi River and exploring Texas