What you should have learned in First Year Chemistry!!!

But in case you have forgotten here are review notes. You will find links

to Quizlet on the wiki page.

What Can We MeasureMeasuremen

tDefinition Common Units

Length Measure distance Meter (m), cm

Volume 3-D space occupied by a substance

Liter (L), mL, cm3

Mass Quantity of matter present in an object

Gram (g), kg

Temperature Measures average kinetic energy of particle in matter

Kelvin (K), °C, °F

Amount of particles

Number of particles Moles (mol)

Pressure The weight of the air mass on the Earth

Atm, Pa, psi, mmHg, torr

Energy The capacity to do work Joules (J), calories

Math with Scientific Notation

Easiest way – use your exponent key on your calculator, look for “EE” or “EXP”

Quick and Easy – at least for x and /– Multiply coefficients and add exponents– Divide coefficients and subtract exponents

Uncertainty in Measurements

• When making a measurement, record all certain numbers plus one uncertain number– Certain number – ones that you can

read off the instrument used for measurement

– Uncertain number – one that you estimate

• Measurements always have some degree of uncertainty. (Estimation)

Significant Figures or Sig Figs ( we love to hate

them)

• All certain numbers plus one uncertain number

WHY, WHY, WHY do we study them?• Keeps our results of calculations from

being more accurate than our measurements

• “A chain is only as strong as its weakest link”

Rules for Counting Sig Figs1. All nonzero numbers are significant.

ex. 465 – 3 sig figs2. Zeros

Type Definition Do they count?

Examples

Leading Precede all nonzero digits

Never Count

0.0025 – 2 sig fig0.0188 – 3 sig fig

Captive Fall between two nonzero digits

AlwaysCount

2.004 – 4 sig fig101 – 3 sig fig

Trailing Come at the end of a number

Count w/ decimal

4.630 – 4 sig fig100. – 3 sig fig10 – 1 sig fig

Math with Sig FigsMultiplication and Division –Number of sig figs is the result of the

measurement with the smallest number of sig figs

Addition and Subtraction – 1) Align the decimal points2) Carry out the calculation3) The measurement with the fewest

decimal places to the right determines the sig figs in your answer.

Polyatomic Ions and Elements

Go to the wiki page for these lists.You will also find links to Quizlet so that you can study both of these topics.https://quizlet.com/_8rbwdhttps://quizlet.com/_8rc18https://quizlet.com/_7zmid

Equipment

• You will find an equipment list on the wikipage.

• Here is the link to practice on Quizlet.https://quizlet.com/_fdoup

Matter

• Here are some YouTube links to review matter, including elements, compounds, heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures. As well please review the videos that have information on physical vs chemical.

https://youtu.be/Y49_w5jH_Vc?list=FLQAj4ljh-Sp5SDtrKBX7KSghttps://youtu.be/U50qw3HTvc4?list=FLQAj4ljh-Sp5SDtrKBX7KSghttps://youtu.be/gCbqjs-pqJo?list=FLQAj4ljh-Sp5SDtrKBX7KSghttps://youtu.be/oF0lN0jZYx0?list=FLQAj4ljh-Sp5SDtrKBX7KSg

Periodic Table

• Please watch the following video to review the history and structure of the Periodic Table.

https://youtu.be/0RRVV4Diomg