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What’s the MATTER , part I
Matter:
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter is made up of building blocks:atom – smallest unit of an element.element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.
FYI (good bonus questions!!!)
90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements:
Oxygen 49.2%Silicon 25.7 %Aluminum 7.5%Iron 4.7%Calcium 3.4%
States of Matter
Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible
Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite
shape (assumes the shape of the container)
Particles are loosely packed (can flow) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible
Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible
Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and
neon signs
Energy Amounts in States of Matter
Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate
Liquid- more energy, they move freely Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move
extremely fast
States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Energy
Names of Phase Changes
Solid to Liquid= Melting Liquid to Gas = Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid= Freezing Solid to Gas = Sublimation Gas to Solid = Deposition
Properties of Matter
2 Types:
Extensive – depend on the amount of the sample
Examples = volumemasslengthweight
Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the
amount of the sample Examples = density
melting pointboiling pointmalleabilityductilitycolorodor