Which salt solution has the greatest concentration?

[ ] is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution

Beaker A3 molecules

100 mL solution

Beaker B5 molecules

100 mL solution

Beaker C7 molecules

200 mL solution

Ppm, % Composition, Molarity , and pH

Get out your calculator!

1. A bottle contains 500. mL of water. If this solution has 15.5 mL of pure hydrogen peroxide, what is the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in this solution?

100 X solvent of amount solute of amount

solute of amount nCompositio %

100 X mL 500 mL 15.5

mL 15.5 Peroxide Hydrogen %

3.01% 100 X mL 515.5

mL 15.5 Peroxide Hydrogen %

2. I dilute 10.0 mL of HBr to make a 42.5% HBr solution. What will the total volume of the solution be?

percent composition = amount solute 100 amount solution

42.5 = 10.0 ml 100 x

42.5 x = 10.0 ml (100)

x = 23.5 mlHmmmm…..how much of the solution is just solvent (water)?

______ ___________ 42.5 42.5

3. If a concentrated solution of hydrogen peroxide has a percent composition of 65%, how many mL of pure hydrogen peroxide would be contained in a 0.750 L solution?

percent composition = amount solute 100 amount solution

65 = x_ 100 0.750 L

65 (0.750 L) = x 1000.49 L = x

0.49 L (1000 ml) = 1 L

490 ml

4. What mass (in grams) of NaCl is necessary to make a 5.0% NaCl solution using 82 ml (82 GRAMS) of water? JUST WATER!

percent composition = amount solute 100 amount solution

5.0 = x _ 100 x + 82

5.0 (x + 82) = x (100)

5.0x + 410 = 100x

410 = 95x x = 4.3 grams NaCl

5. For cavity prevention, the recommended concentration of fluoride ions in our drinking water is 0.7 to 1.2 parts per million (ppm). Too much fluoride can result in discolored teeth. If the concentration of F- in Orange County is 0.85 ppm, what mass of fluoride would be contained in a 7.2 gram tap water sample from and OCHSA bathroom?

ppm = amount solute 106 amount solution

0.85 = x grams F-

106 7.2 gram

0.85 (7.2 gram ) = x grams F-

106

6.1 x 10-6 g F-

ppm = amount solute 106 amount solution

6. What is the concentration of mercury (in ppm) if 3 grams mercury is found in a 15 kg sample of ocean water?15 kg (1000g) = 15000 g 1kg

x ppm = 3 g 106 15000 g

x ppm = 3 g (106 ) 15000 g

x = 200 ppm

7. What mass of mercury (in grams) would be contained in a 40.0 kg sample of ocean water at this same concentration?

40.0 kg (1000g) = 4 x 104 g 1kg

ppm = amount solute 106 amount solution

200 ppm = x g Hg 106 4 x 104 g

200 ppm(4 x 104 g) = x = 8 g Hg 106

Análisis químico mg/l (ppm)Calcio 11.9

Magnesio 10.3Hierro menos de 0.1Flúor menos de 0.1

Sodio 7.0pH 6.63

Potasio 4.7Sulfatos 4.0

Dureza del calcio 29.7Dureza del

magnesio 35.7

Alcalinidad total 67.8S.T.D 184

El Agua Cristal es mejor porque ha sido filtrada por la naturaleza durante décadas, adquiriendo de manera natural los minerales necesarios para un perfecto equilibrio del organismo.

La NSF certifica que Agua Cristal cumple con las más estrictas normas de calidad requeridas por la FDA de los Estados Unidos. Un envase de 600 ml contiene: 

8. You have 0.800 L of a 0.500 M HCl solution. How many moles of HCl does this solution contain?

HCl mol 0.400 mol

L mol

M

L 0.8 x M 0.5 mol

L x Mmol

9. You have 3.50 L of solution that contains 90.0 g of sodium chloride, NaCl. What is the molarity of that solution?

NaClL

mol0.440

90.0 g NaCl

(58.44 g NaCl)

(1 mol NaCl)= 1.54 mol NaCl

L 3.50NaCl mol1.54

NaCl M 0.440

L mol

M

10. What volume of a 0.500 M solution of HBr is needed for a reaction that requires 32.5 g of HBr?

M 0.500HBr mol 0.402

32.5 g HBr

80.91 g HBr

(1 mol HBr)= 0.402 mol HBr

Mmol

L

solution of L0.804

L mol

M

2 problems, 5 minutes!The answers should add up to 82.6

11. Calculate the volume of water (in ml) needed to make a 4.00 M solution using 50.6 grams barium fluoride?

ANSWER: 72.1 ml (formula = BaF2)

12. How many grams of potassium iodide must be added to 0.450 L water to make a 0.140M solution of this salt?

ANSWER: 10.5 g (formula = KI)

13. What is the pOH of a 0.0075M nitric acid (HNO3)solution?

pH = -log(0.0075) = 2.1 pOH = 14 – pH = 11.9

Formulas:

pH = -log[H+]pOH = -log[OH-]

[H+] = 10-pH

[OH-] = 10-pOH

pH + pOH = 14

14. What is the pH of a 0.0010 M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?pOH = -log(0.0010) = 3.0pH = 11

1 HNO3 1H+ + 1NO3-

Nitric acid is an acid and produces H+ in solution…..remember?[H+] = Macid

[OH-] = Mbase

NaOH is a base and produces OH- in solution…remember?1NaOH 1Na+ + 1OH-

15. What is the pH of a solution that contains 0.75 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissolved in 1.5 liters of water?pH = -log[H+] [H+] = [acid][acid] = M = 0.75 moles/1.5L = 0.50MpH = -log(0.50)pH = 0.30

Formulas:

pH = -log[H+]pOH = -log[OH-]

[H+] = 10-pH

[OH-] = 10-pOH

pH + pOH = 14

16. What is the pH of a solution that contains 5.6 grams of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) dissolved in 650 ml water?

pH = -log[H+] [H+] = [acid][acid] = M = moles/Lmoles: 5.6 g H2SO4 (1 mole H2SO4 )

98.09 g H2SO4

= 0.057090 molesLiters: 650 ml water 0.65 LM = 0.057090 moles/ 0.65 L = 0.0878307 MpH = -log(0.0878307) = 1.1

Formulas:

pH = -log[H+]pOH = -log[OH-]

[H+] = 10-pH

[OH-] = 10-pOH

pH + pOH = 14