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White aluminium by bio-inspiration
Villads Egede JohansenMarie Sklodowska-Curie [email protected]
Vignolini group, Melville Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry,
University of Cambridge
Outline
White aluminium Bio-inspired colours Outlook
2 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
The ODAAS1 project consortium
1Optically Designed Anodized Aluminum Surfaces
3 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
The ODAAS1 project consortium
Scope
To obtain an anodised white appearance of aluminium to extend B&O’s designpossibilities beyond the current limitations
1Optically Designed Anodized Aluminum Surfaces
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Coloured aluminium
4 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Coloured aluminium
4 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Colouration of aluminum
5 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Colouration of aluminum
5 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Colouration of aluminum
There is no analogy between coloured
aluminium and white aluminium
5 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Why are objects white?
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Predicting white aluminium
Standard metal Green colored
Equally reflective Added diffuse
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Inventing new colours1
Visual perception of materials and their properties
Not only do we encounter new materials throughout our childhood, from time to timematerial science also creates new materials with completely novel appearances, suchas complex paints and textiles with unusual colour characteristics, or holograms, whichhave a highly distinctive “look”, quite unlike most natural materials.
1Roland W Fleming. “Visual perception of materials and their properties”. In: Vision Research 94 (2014),
pp. 62–75.
8 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Inventing new colours1
Visual perception of materials and their properties
Not only do we encounter new materials throughout our childhood, from time to timematerial science also creates new materials with completely novel appearances, suchas complex paints and textiles with unusual colour characteristics, or holograms, whichhave a highly distinctive “look”, quite unlike most natural materials.
⇒ perception of a new material can be shaped “freely”
1Roland W Fleming. “Visual perception of materials and their properties”. In: Vision Research 94 (2014),
pp. 62–75.
8 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Outline
White aluminium Bio-inspired colours Outlook
9 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
The Morpho butterfly1 – a motivation
1P Vukusic et al. “Quantified interference and diffraction in single Morpho butterfly scales”. In: Proceedings of the
Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 266 (Apr. 1999), pp. 1403–11.
10 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Basic types of visible light interaction1
Absorption Incoherent Coherent
Material properties Particle scattering Interference
(plasmonic effects) (rainbows) (structure interaction)
1Richard O Prum, Tim Quinn, and Rodolfo H Torres. “Anatomically diverse butterfly scales all produce structural
colours by coherent scattering”. In: The Journal of Experimental Biology 209 (2006), pp. 748–765.
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Wave interference
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Wave interference
Optical path diff.
Air
Soap
Air
Wave 1 Wave 2
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Wave interference
Optical path diff.
Air
Soap
Air
Wave 1 Wave 2
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Wave interference
Optical path diff.
Air
Soap
Air
Wave 1 Wave 2
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Wave interference
Optical path diff.
Air
Soap
Air
Wave 1 Wave 2
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Wave interference
Optical path diff.
Air
Soap
Air
Wave 1 Wave 2
14 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Multilayers in beetles1
1Doekele G Stavenga et al. “Polarized iridescence of the multilayered elytra of the Japanese jewel beetle,
Chrysochroa fulgidissima”. In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 366 (2011), pp. 709–23.
15 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Iridescent peacock feathers1 (2D photonic crystal)
1Jian Zi et al. “Coloration strategies in peacock feathers”. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
100.22 (2003), pp. 12576–78.
16 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
White beetle1
1Matteo Burresi et al. “Bright-White Beetle Scales Optimise Multiple Scattering of Light”. In: Scientific Reports
4.6075 (2014), pp. 1–7.
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And the list continues. . .
18 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Take a minute to reflect upon Nature’s wonders
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Morpho blue biomimicry12
1Akira Saito. Biomimetics in Photonics (Chapter 7). CRC Press, 2012.
2Akira Saito et al. “Reproduction, Mass-production, and Control of the Morpho-butterfly’s Blue”. In: Advanced
Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics II. vol. 7205. Sept. 2009, pp. 720506–9.
20 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Other theoretical design predictions1 23
1Villads E Johansen. “Optical role of randomness for structured surfaces”. In: Applied Optics 53.11 (Apr. 2014),
pp. 2405–15.
2Jacob Andkjær et al. “Inverse design of nanostructured surfaces for color effects”. In: Journal of the Optical
Society of America B 31.1 (Jan. 2014), pp. 164–74.
3Villads E Johansen et al. “Designing visual appearance using a structured surface”. In: Optica 2.3 (2015),
pp. 239–45.
21 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Other theoretical design predictions1 23
1Villads E Johansen. “Optical role of randomness for structured surfaces”. In: Applied Optics 53.11 (Apr. 2014),
pp. 2405–15.
2Jacob Andkjær et al. “Inverse design of nanostructured surfaces for color effects”. In: Journal of the Optical
Society of America B 31.1 (Jan. 2014), pp. 164–74.
3Villads E Johansen et al. “Designing visual appearance using a structured surface”. In: Optica 2.3 (2015),
pp. 239–45.
21 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Conceptual design of white aluminium
Red aluminium Mirror-like aluminium White aluminium concept
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Proposals for obtaining white aluminium
Partly painted surface
23 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Proposals for obtaining white aluminium
Partly painted surfaceButterfly structuring
23 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Proposals for obtaining white aluminium
Partly painted surfaceButterfly structuring
Optical brightening
23 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Proposals for obtaining white aluminium
Partly painted surfaceButterfly structuring
Optical brightening Mixing paint particles in Al
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Trial results
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Derived effects
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Outline
White aluminium Bio-inspired colours Outlook
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Bio-inspired photonics1
1www.ch.cam.ac.uk/group/vignolini
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Cellulose NanoCrystal (CNC) films1
Cellulose structure
9
acid hydrolysis of e.g. wood pulp → CNC → film casting
1ref.
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CNC droplets1
1Richard M Parker et al. “Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals in a Confined Geometry”. In: ACS
Nano tbd (2016).
29 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) sensors1
* This material is edible!
1Gen Kamita et al. “Biocompatible and Sustainable Optical Strain Sensors for Large-Area Applications”. In:
Advanced Optical Material tbd (2016).
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Conclusions
• White aluminium now exists?
• Visual appearance can be designed
• Nanotechnology allows novel designs and
investigations
• Novel appearance = novel material
• Awareness of gap between lab scale and
production scale is important
• . . . forgetting that awareness is important as
well
31 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016
Questions?
32 Department of Chemistry Disruptive Conceptualisation Day 19.9.2016