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WHO’S CARING: The state of school-basedmental health carein NYC schools

Gale A. BrewerManhattan Borough President

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Dear Manhattanite:

Students do better when their schools have

available mental health services.

Yet when public school students return to class this

fall, many will be heading to campuses with no school-

based mental health providers. Across Manhattan, there

is roughly one social worker for every 800 students, and

dozens of schools have not a single social worker on staff.

Those schools are covered by a patchwork of consultants

and mobile response teams, none of which can offer the

same level of care as a school-based provider.

The following report—based on interviews with

school leaders and mental health professionals and data

from the Department of Education and the Department

of Health and Mental Hygiene—examines the current

landscape of mental health services and the challenges

that schools face when it comes to providing on-site care.

Sincerely,

Gale A. Brewer,

Manhattan Borough President

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IntroductionThe availability of mental health services in schools has been

linked to better educational outcomes, and reduced suspensions and absenteeism.1

School leaders and health care providers agree that school-based mental health services have tangible, positive impacts on a school’s climate. It leads to a school-wide culture where students feel safe and comfortable asking for both academic and socio-emotional help. Educators should be equipped with the tools to help students in crisis, knowing they too can turn to mental health experts and that they are not expected to be educators, social workers, and disciplinarians all at the same time.

All signs point toward better outcomes for students and teachers when there is greater access to mental health care providers on-site at schools, but the services currently offered in New York City’s public schools are falling short.

Nearly 40% of the young people in the U.S. who need mental health services do not receive the treatment they need.2 The numbers are even more dire along racial and socio-economic lines, with 45% of students in poverty, 55% of Black students, and 46% of Latino students never receiving necessary mental health services. These unaddressed mental health needs pose serious consequences, placing young people at a higher risk of academic underperformance, substance abuse, unhealthy relationships, isolation, and suicide.

In New York City, nearly 237,000 children under 18 have a diag-nosable mental health condition according to the Citizen’s Committee for Children in New York. It is our duty to do all we can to facilitate mental health crisis care within a public school setting.

School is often where symptoms for mental health disorders first become apparent. Increasing school-based mental health services will help normalize mental health treatment and allow children to connect with treatment in a setting in which they are already familiar.

New York City public school students come from over 182 countries, 42% of them speak a language other than English at home, and over 500,000 New Yorkers are undocumented and uninsured. Throughout our study, school leaders explained that they lack adequate training on how to address legal concerns of undocumented students and parents. Additionally, many school leaders shared they lack the staff needed to communicate with students who need services and

1 Child Mind Institute. “2016 Child Mind Institute Children’s Mental Health Report.” 2016 Child Mind Institute Children’s Mental Health Report (2016): n. pag. https://childmind.org/report/2016-childrens-mental-health-report/2 Children’s Defense Fund. “The State of America’s Children.” Children’s Defense Fund. N.p., 2014. http://www.childrensdefense.org/library/state-of-americas-children/

“All signs point toward better outcomes for students and teachers when there is greater access to mental health care providers on-site…”

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information in languages other than English. Further, many school leaders say they lack clarity on what to do in case of a mental health emergency, or what even constitutes such an emergency. There is little guidance or training on crisis-based interventions, or a comprehensive referral process.

Since the 2016 presidential election, educators across the country have reported that incidents of harassment in schools have skyrocketed.

With a Trump presidency, as we gear up for another 3 1/2 years of hard questions on some of the most pressing issues from immigration to police reform to reproductive rights, it is more important than ever that our schools are safe havens for our students and that teachers and other staff have the resources they need to respond when students are in emotional crises.

As a city we must renew our commitment to making sure every child has access to culturally appropriate school-based mental health services.

This report examines the landscape of Manhattan’s school-based mental health services as of 2016. We spoke to mental health providers and school officials and gathered data from the Department of Education and the Department of Mental Health and Hygiene to get the full picture of mental health services available at schools across Manhattan. We identified challenges that schools and service providers face and developed recommended actions for city and state agencies to fill gaps and ensure mental health services are permanently accessible in all New York City public schools.

The Landscape:In New York City, school-based mental health services are licensed

and put into place by multiple agencies, including the Department of Education (DOE), the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), the Office of School Health (OSH) and New York State’s Office of Mental Health (OMH).

In October 2015, First Lady Chirlane McCray announced a plan called “ThriveNYC: A Mental Health Roadmap for All,” comprised of 54 initiatives aimed at reducing stigma for mental health issues and closing treatment gaps. As part of ThriveNYC, mental health resources were added to schools with low graduation rates, student achievement, and attendance, which are called Community and Renewal Schools. Eighteen of the 133 Community and Renewal Schools are in Manhattan.

Mental health services at public schools include:

School Social Workers: There are 164 Manhattan public schools that have in-house social workers, which they primarily pay for through

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their students’ individualized education plans (IEPs). These plans are to provide mandated services to special needs students, not to fund services for the general population. Some funding also comes through specific City Council or DOE initiatives focused on providing students with socio-emotional support.

In Manhattan, we have over 177,000 students, yet only 221 school-based social workers in just 164 schools. That breaks down to roughly one social worker for every 800 students. Citywide, the DOE employs 1,183 social workers in New York City public schools, or approximately one for every 900 students.

School-based clinics, which fall into two categories: Article 28 clinics: There are 103 Manhattan public schools with Article 28 clinics, which are regulated by OSH and are a collaborative effort between the DOE and DOHMH. Article 28 clinics are primarily located in under-served neighborhoods and provide on-site primary care to students.3

Article 28 clinics require a fully operational medical room with internal constructions, plumbing, and electricity, and a staff with multi-disciplinary teams. Teams can include nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and physicians. Many Article 28 clinics also have full-time or part-time licensed social workers who provide mental health services.

Since 2012, New York State has implemented a “carve out” for Article 28 clinics. This allows Article 28 clinic providers to bill New York State directly for mental health services provided, and allows the state to more efficiently process reimbursements.

In October 2017, the State will transition Article 28 clinics into managed care. A recent study by the Children’s Defense Fund found that in New York State, Medicaid reimbursements comprise more than 89% of Article 28 clinics’ third-party revenue in New York.4 The study compared current Medicaid reimbursement rates for primary care services to rates that will be set under a managed care payment structure and found that state-wide this could lead to a loss of $16.2 million in revenue.5 New York State’s intent for Medicaid redesign

3 New York City Department of Education. “School-Based Health Centers.” School-Based Health Center - School-Based Health Centers - New York City Department of Education. NYC Department of Education, n.d. 2016. http://schools.nyc.gov/Offices/Health/SBHC/SBHC.htm4, 5 Children’s Defense Fund. “School-Based Health Centers in New York State: Ensuring Sustainability and Establishing Opportunities for Growth.” (n.d.): n. pag. NYS Health Foundation. NYS Health Foundation, 2016. http://nyshealthfoundation.org/uploads/resources/school-based-health-centers.pdf

“Out of New York City’s 1.79 million children, nearly 237,000have a diagnosable mental health condition…”

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is to expand access to high-quality care for all New Yorkers, so it is imperative that the transition to managed care for Article 28 clinics is done in a way that does not threaten the financial sustainability of these clinics.

Article 31 clinics: There are 62 Manhattan public schools that currently have Article 31 clinics, which are licensed and regulated by OMH. These clinics are satellites of “primary” Article 31 clinics and by definition they host counseling sessions, are staffed by licensed social workers, and operate in a confidential space with floor to ceiling walls. They offer assessments of mental health needs, interventions, consultations with families, and training services for school staff. These clinics are at a disadvantage because they did not receive the carve-out or additional state funding that Article 28 clinics received.

Mental Health Consultants: There are 114 Manhattan public schools that have mental health consultants. These mental health consultants are managed by OSH, though they are funded by the Mayor’s Fund to Advance NYC. The consultants are part of a ThriveNYC initiative. Over the past two years, the DOE and DOHMH have hired 100 mental health consultants for public schools.6 Each consultant is a licensed social worker who provides mental health consulting services for 10 school campuses, provides schools support for clinical assessments and interventions, co-designs and co-implements training and outreach for school staff, and helps schools develop referral networks for students who need continuing care.

Schools without their own mental health clinics rely on consult-ants, but this isn’t a satisfactory solution. Over 55,000 students, one- third of Manhattan’s school population, only have access to consultants. But each consultant is tasked with serving 10 campuses, so that some- times a single consultant is responsible for serving up to 8,000 students.

With only one provider per 8,000 students, are our young people getting the individual attention they need?

Mobile Response Teams (MRT): Seven Manhattan public schools currently have another variation of consultants–MRTs–which are managed by OSH and funded by the State Office of Mental Health. They are mobile teams which schools can call during crisis situations. They offer assessments, consultations, professional development for

6 ThriveNYC. “ThriveNYC - 150 Day Update.” ThriveNYC. N.p., June 2016. https://thrivenyc.cityofnewyork.us/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Thrive150_report_fnl_singlepages.pdf.

“With only one provider per 8,000 students, young people aren’t getting the individual attention they need...”

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(Often multiple schools are housed within the same educational campus.)

ALL 307 MANHATTAN

PUBLIC SCHOOLS

THE 114 SCHOOLS SERVED ONLY BY

MENTAL HEALTH CONSULTANTS

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teachers, parent trainings, and referrals for treatment elsewhere in the community.7

To get a better picture of the impact that mental health consultants have in Manhattan public schools, we conducted a few interviews with school leaders, some from schools which have had their mental health consultants for a longer period of time than others. Out of the 118 schools with consultants, we randomly selected 15 to survey. We spoke with varied staff, including guidance counselors, school psychologists, principals, and assistant principals. Some takeaways included:

• Many guidance counselors and some assistant principals were not aware that their school had been assigned a mental health consultant.

• Staff in multiple schools expressed that the mental health consultant’s impact was minimal and that the resources they provided could have easily been found online.

• One assistant principal from a K-8 school shared that a majority of the staff felt that arranging for meetings with the consultant was bureaucratic and took a long time. Once a meeting was set up with the consultant, school staff described the training as a waste of time. That school ended up having to supplement the training provided with training from their full-time guidance counselors.

• Several schools said that the training they received was rudimentary and formatted like an information session, rather than a more constructive brainstorming session.

• The majority of the schools we spoke to shared that their mental health consultant had only been to campus a handful of times and had not done any training with the staff.

• None of the schools we spoke to mentioned consultants helping create a school-wide metal health plan, or identifying specific priority areas within the school.

All of the schools we spoke to mentioned that on-site support is desperately needed during moments of crisis. While mental health consultants are meant to connect school staff and administrators to mental health resources, there are too few being tasked with too much. In order to change school culture and develop emergency protocols, it is vital that these services become ingrained in the school—with licensed social workers having direct access to students, teachers, and administrators. By design, consultants cannot do all of those things while not being a part of school staff or being on-site full time.7 NYC Department of Health. “Crisis Services/Mental Health: Mobile Crisis Teams.” Department of Health. N.p., n.d. https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/crisis-emergency-services-mobile-crisis-teams.page

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The Challenges:No steady stream of funding exists for schools that are not

Community or Renewal Schools. School principals who are interested in hiring school-based social workers or starting Article 31 clinics have to pay for the services out of their own school budget, and so are required to make programmatic trade-offs if they want to make providing school-based mental health services a priority.

If we are serious about focusing on our students’ socio-emotional development, we must address the barriers school leaders and healthcare providers face at the school, city, and state levels that prevent them from providing services to every student in need.

School-based health and mental health clinics operate under independent healthcare providers that directly enter into an agreement on terms of services with schools and provide services through satellite clinics. These mental health providers include hospital centers, community health providers, mental health agencies, and youth serving community-based organizations.

Clinics are primarily funded through reimbursements from students’ health insurance, which is usually Medicaid.

Medicaid reimbursement rates on average only cover about 60% of the actual cost of rendering services. Providers have repeatedly expressed concerns that relying on Medicaid reimbursements as the primary source of funding is not sustainable.

In order to truly integrate school-based clinics into the fabric of the school, it is essential that providers engage in outreach and training work every day, meeting with parents and teachers, facilitating school-wide mental health trainings, doing in-class presentations, holding group sessions for students, and becoming a visible presence in the school. Unfortunately none of these activities essential to bringing about change in school culture are reimbursable by Medicaid or other health insurance.

With most schools only open ten out of twelve months, providers only bill hours during the time school is in session. While school based mental health providers come up with various ways to maintain student connection during breaks, the discontinuity—inherent in school calendars—adds to the need for institutional support structures. On average, school-based clinics generate between 50-70% of the revenue necessary to sustain their operations.

In 2011 Governor Cuomo issued an executive order to create the “Medicaid Redesign Team,” aimed at restructuring Medicaid to create a more efficient and effective way to deliver essential services at lower costs. One part of the redesign includes managed care, which “provides for the delivery of Medicaid health benefits and additional services through contracted arrangements between state Medicaid agencies

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and managed care organizations (MCOs).” In practice this means that the rates of reimbursement for services and scheduling of payments will be determined by MCOs, which have set lower payment rates than those that providers receive via the fee-for-service payment model. This causes providers to further fear for their financial sustainability.

Recommendations:Understanding the inherent challenges and balancing them

with the ultimate pay-off for student well-being, we have a series of recommendations that we hope will lead to greater access to the mental health care that our students need and deserve.

The Department of Education should…n Create funding structures to pay for school-based mental health services for all schools that are not designated as Community or Renewal schools. School leaders should not be asked to make trade-offs between providing emotional supports and academic programming for students.n Commit to providing school staff with bystander intervention and anti-racism training. In order to address both heightened and new types of bullying, discrimination and harassment in schools, it is essential that school staff, including educators, guidance counselors and social workers all have the necessary tools to talk about race and use necessary intervention tactics in a nuanced way.n Help schools develop a targeted resource list and referral plan so there is a clear path in moments of crisis. These must go beyond generic phone numbers for a nearby mental health facility. Schools should develop working relationships with a range of culturally appropriate organizations and professionals who are readily available.n Provide professional development for school staff on mental health issues.n Help schools develop communications plans, bringing together teachers, administrators, and guidance counselors to create a safe culture in school for students who may be dealing with trauma. School staff should be in contact with relevant agencies that students and their families come in contact with, including the Administration for Children’s Services and the Department of Corrections, to ensure that school staff are getting all relevant information to address students’ needs.n Waive the permit fee imposed on school-based clinics for operating outside of regular school hours. With schools in session only 40 out of 52 weeks of the year, providers face challenges in building up large enough caseloads to financially sustain their operations. Allowing school-based clinics to operate year-round will also allow providers to

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hire year-round clinicians rather than school-year clinicians, who have a higher turnover rate. This will also ensure services are available to students year round.n Conduct a pilot study into the impact, effectiveness, and outcomes of school-based mental health centers with DOHMH and the Mental Health Council established by ThriveNYC. Such a study could examine suspension, graduation, and attendance rates among comparable student populations in schools without school-based mental health services.n Create a mechanism for off-site supervision of social work interns for schools without a school-based social worker, so interns can provide mental health services during their field placements.n Ensure that all schools have identified space for private counseling.

The State should…n Keep Medicaid reimbursement rates constant for Article 28 clinics for a two-year period so providers can adapt to the new billing structure under managed care.n Create permanent avenues for operational funding to finance essential preventative and administrative services, such as classroom-based outreach and teacher training.n Create a centralized billing system that enables school based mental health centers to bill insurers in an efficient manner.

City agencies that work with at-risk populations should...n Make funding available for special needs therapy services in public schools. Agencies including the Department of Corrections and the Department of Probation should ensure funding for public school children who are affected by parental incarceration, foster care placement, homelessness, or bullying.

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Manhattan schools with mobile response teamsDistrict School Name District School Name 2 Clinton School for Writers and Artists 3 Dual Language Middle School 3 Community Action School 5 Columbia Secondary School for Math,

Science, and Engineering

5 New Design Middle School 6 21st Century Academy 6 Amistad Dual Language School

Manhattan schools with mental health consultantsDistrict School Name District School Name 1 Lower East Side Preparatory High

School 1 Collaborative Academy of Science,

Technology, & Language-Arts Education

1 The East Village Community School 1 The Children’s Workshop School 1 School for Global Leaders 1 Marta Valle High School 1 University Neighborhood Middle

School 1 Bard High School Early College 1 P.S. 110 Florence Nightingale 1 P.S. 184m Shuang Wen 1 Forsyth Satellite Academy 1 Cascades High School 1 Technology, Arts, and Sciences Studio 1 New Explorations into Science,

Technology and Math High School 1 University Neighborhood High School 1 P.S. 019 Asher Levy

2 Eleanor Roosevelt High School 2 Urban Assembly New York Harbor

School 2 Harvest Collegiate High School 2 Baruch College Campus High School 2 Beacon High School 2 New York City Lab Middle School for

Collaborative Studies 2 N.Y.C. Lab School for Collaborative

Studies 2 Pace High School 2 Emma Lazarus High School

2 Stephen T. Mather Building Arts & Craftsmanship High School

2 Business Of Sports School 2 Urban Assembly Gateway School for

Technology 2 High School of Graphic

Communication Arts 2 N.Y.C. Museum School 2 Life Sciences Secondary School 2 School of the Future High School 2 Independence High School 2 High School for Dual Language and

Asian Studies 2 47 The American Sign Language and

English Secondary School 2 Liberty High School Academy for

Newcomers 2 NYC iSchool 2 Chelsea Career and Technical

Education High School 2 Millennium High School 2 The 47 American Sign Language &

English Lower School 2 Repertory Company High School for

Theatre Arts 2 Yorkville Community School 2 Yorkville East Middle School 2 J.H.S. 167 Robert F. Wagner 2 P.S. 527 - East Side School for Social

Action 2 P.S. 158 Bayard Taylor 2 P.S. 183 Robert L. Stevenson 2 P.S. 001 Alfred E. Smith 2 P.S. 002 Meyer London

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2 The Urban Assembly School for Emergency Management

2 Manhattan Early College School for Advertising

2 Urban Assembly Maker Academy 2 East Side Middle School 2 P.S. 150 2 P.S. 77 Lower Lab School 2 P.S. 198 Isador E. Ida Straus 2 Sixth Avenue Elementary School 2 Ballet Tech, NYC Public School for

Dance 2 City Knoll Middle School 2 J.H.S. 104 Simon Baruch 2 P.S. 212 Midtown West 2 Professional Performing Arts High

School 2 P.S. 042 Benjamin Altman 2 P.S. 89 2 P.S. 124 Yung Wing 2 P.S. 130 Hernando De Soto 2 Urban Assembly School of Business

for Young Women, the 2 Richard R. Green High School of

Teaching 2 Lower Manhattan Community Middle

School 2 The Peck Slip School 2 Manhattan Comprehensive Night and

Day High School 2 M.S. 255 Salk School of Science 2 Institute for Collaborative Education 2 High School for Health Professions

and Human Services 2 I.S. 289 2 High School of Economics and

Finance 2 Spruce Street School 2 P.S. 040 Augustus Saint-Gaudens 2 P.S. 006 Lillie D. Blake 2 East Side Elementary School, PS 267 2 The River School 2 P.S. 059 Beekman Hill International 2 Highschool of Art and Design

2 P.S. 234 Independence School 2 P.S. 003 Charrette School 2 P.S. 033 Chelsea Prep 2 P.S. 290 Manhattan New School 2 P.S./I.S. 217 Roosevelt Island 2 Battery Park City School

3 P.S. 009 Sarah Anderson 3 M.S. 243 Center School 3 M.S. M245 The Computer School 3 P.S. 087 William Sherman 3 P.S. 166 The Richard Rodgers School

of The Arts and Technology 3 P.S. 199 Jessie Isador Straus 3 West End Secondary School 3 Special Music School 3 The Anderson School 3 P.S. 452 3 Frederick Douglass Academy II

Secondary School 3 P.S. 075 Emily Dickinson 3 M.S. 250 West Side Collaborative

Middle School 3 P.S. 084 Lillian Weber 3 M.S. M247 Dual Language Middle

School 3 STEM Institute of Manhattan 3 M.S. 256 Academic & Athletic

Excellence 3 P.S. 242 - The Young Diplomats

Magnet Academy 3 P.S. 163 Alfred E. Smith 3 P.S. 180 Hugo Newman 3 P.S. 333 Manhattan School for

Children 3 P.S. 165 Robert E. Simon 3 Mott Hall II

75 P.S. M721 - Manhattan Occupational Training Center

75 P.S. M226

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Manhattan schools with on-site social workersDistrict School Name District School Name 1 P.S. 019 Asher Levy 1 P.S. 020 Anna Silver 1 P.S. 63 The STAR Academy 1 P.S. 064 Robert Simon 1 P.S. 134 Henrietta Szold 1 P.S. 140 Nathan Straus 1 P.S. 142 Amalia Castro 1 P.S. 188 The Island School 1 The East Village Community School 1 The Children’s Workshop School 1 Collaborative Academy of Science

Technology & LA 1 University Neighborhood Middle

School 1 East Side Side Community School 1 Forsyth Satellite Academy

2 P.S. 002 Meyer London 2 P.S. 003 Charrette School 2 P.S. 006 Lillie D. Blake 2 P.S. 011 William T. Harris 2 P.S. 033 Chelsea Prep 2 P.S. 040 Augustus Saint-Gaudens 2 P.S. 041 Greenwich Village 2 P.S. 042 Benjamin Altman 2 American Sign Language and English

Secondary School 2 The 47 American Sign Language &

English Lower School 2 Art and Design High School 2 P.S. 059 Beekman Hill International 2 East Side Middle School 2 P.S. 116 Mary Lindley Murray 2 P.S. 124 Yung Wing 2 P.S. 126 Jacob August Riis 2 P.S. 130 Hernando de Soto 2 Business of Sports School 2 Urban Assembly Gateway School for

Technology 2 Stephen T. Mather Building Arts and

Craftsmanship 2 Bayard Taylor 2 Yorkville East Middle School 2 Robert F. Wagner Middle School

2 P.S. 183 Robert L. Stevenson 2 P.S. 198 Isador E. Ida 2 P.S. 212 Midtown West 2 P.S. 234 Independence School 2 High School for Environmental

Studies 2 Battery Park City School 2 Urban Assembly Maker Academy 2 Murry Bergtraum High School for

Business Careers 2 I.S. 289 2 P.S. Manhattan New School 2 Essex Street Academy 2 Lower Manhattan Arts Academy 2 Urban Assembly Academy of

Government and Law 2 New Design High School 2 Facing History High School 2 High School of Hospitality

Management 2 Urban Assembly School of Design and

Construction 2 Pace High School 2 M.S. 131 2 James Baldwin School 2 Manhattan Business Academy 2 Quest to Learn 2 Hudson High School of Learning

Technologies 2 Humanities Preparatory Academy 2 High School for Environmental

Studies 2 International High School at Union

Square 2 Union Square Academy for Health

Sciences 2 Academy for Software Engineering 2 Vanguard High School 2 Urban Academy High School 2 Leadership and Public Service High

School 2 High School for Health Professions

and Human Services 2 Institute for Collaborative Education

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2 Murray Hill Academy 2 High School of Economics and

Finance 2 Stuyvesant High School 2 Harvest Collegiate High School 2 Liberty High School Academy for

Newcomers 2 Urban Assembly New York Harbor

School 2 Satellite Academy High School 2 Harvey Milk High School 2 High School of Fashion Industries 2 High School M560--City as School 2 Chelsea Career and Technical

Education High School 2 City Knoll Middle School

3 P.S. 9 Sarah Anderson 3 M.S. 243 Center School 3 P.S. 075 Emily Dickinson 3 P.S. 087 William Sherman 3 P.S. 145 The Bloomingdale School 3 P.S. 149 Sojourner Truth 3 P.S. 163 Alfred E. Smith 3 P.S. 165 Robert E. Simon 3 P.S. 191 Amsterdam 3 P.S. 199 Jessie Isador Straus 3 STEM Institute of Manhattan 3 P.S. 333 Manhattan School for

Children 3 The Global Learning Collaborative 3 Innovation Diploma Plus 3 P.S. 452 3 Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of

Music & Art and Performing Arts 3 High School of Arts and Technology 3 Manhattan/Hunter Science High

School 3 The School for Arts, Imagination, and

Inquiry 3 High School for Law, Advocacy and

Community Justice 3 Edward A. Reynolds West Side High

School

4 P.S. 007 Samuel Stern 4 P.S. 38 Roberto Clemente

4 P.S. 50 Vito Marcantonio 4 James Weldon Johnson 4 The Lexington Academy 4 P.S. 96 Joseph Lanzetta 4 P.S. 102 Jacques Cartier 4 P.S. 102 Assemblyman Angelo Del

Toro Educational Complex 4 P.S. 112 Jose Celso Barbosa 4 P.S. 146 Ann M. Short 4 P.S. 171 Patrick Henry 4 The Bilingual Bicultural School 4 P.S. 206 Jose Celso Barbosa 4 Mosaic Preparatory Academy 4 Manhattan Center for Science and

Mathematics 4 Isaac Newton Middle School for Math

and Science 4 Central Park East I 4 Central Park East High School

5 P.S. 30 Hernandez/Hughes 5 P.S. 46 Arthur Tappan 5 P.S. 92 Mary Mcleod Bethune 5 P.S. 125 Ralph Bunche 5 P.S. 133 Fred R. Moore 5 Eagle Academy for Young Men of

Harlem 5 Mott Hall High School 5 Bread & Roses Integrated Arts High

School 5 P.S. 154 Harriet Tubman 5 P.S. 161 Pedro Albizu Campos 5 P.S. 175 Henry H. Garnet 5 P.S. 200-- The James Mccune Smith

School 5 Frederick Douglass Academy 5 Harlem Renaissance High School 5 Urban Assembly School for the

Performing Arts 5 Academy for Social Action: A College

Board School 5 New Design Middle School 5 Teachers College Community School 5 High School for Mathematics, Science

and Engineering 6 P.S. 004 Duke Ellington 6 P.S. 005 Ellen Lurie

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6 P.S. 008 Luis Belliard 6 P.S. 018 Park Terrace 6 P.S. 028 Wright Brothers 6 P.S. Michael J. Buczek 6 J.H.S. 052 Inwood 6 Inwood Early College for Health &

Information Technologies 6 P.S. 098 Shorac Kappock 6 Dos Puentes Elementary School 6 P.S. 115 Alexander Humboldt 6 P.S. 128 Audubon 6 Castle Bridge School 6 P.S. 152 Dyckman Valley

6 P.S. 153 Adam Clayton Powell 6 P.S. 173 6 Professor Juan Bosch Public School

178 6 P.S. 192 Jacob H. Schiff 6 P.S. 325 6 M.S. 319 Maria Teresa 6 Community Health Academy of the

Heights 6 Washington Heights Expeditionary

Learning School 6 The College Academy

Manhattan schools with Article 31 clinicsDistrict School Name District School Name 1 PS 020 Anna Silver 1 PS 134 Henrietta Szold 1 PS 137 John L Bernstein 1 STAR Academy 1 Neighborhood School 1 East Side Community School 1 PS 34, Franklin D. Roosevelt 1 Henry Street School for International

Studies 1 PS 15 Roberto Clemente 1 The School For Arts, Imagination, and

Inquiry 1 The Urban Assembly School For

Media Studies 1 High School for Law, Advocacy and

Community Justice 1 High School for Arts and Technology 1 Manhattan/Hunter Science High

School 1 PS 064 Robert Simon 1 Earth School 1 Tompkins Square MS Extension 1 PS 140 Nathan Straus 1 PS 142 Amalia Castro

2 PS 041 Greenwich Village 2 PS 126 Jacob August Riis 2 James Baldwin School 2 P.S. 111 Adolph S. Ochs 2 P.S. 116 Mary Lindley Murray

2 P.S. 126 Jacob August Riis 2 High School for Environmental

Studies 2 Manhattan Village Academy 2 Stuyvesant High School 2 Satellite Academy High School

3 PS 145, The Bloomingdale School 3 West Preparatory Academy 3 Early Childhood Discovery and Design

Magnet School 3 P.S. 191 Amsterdam

4 Lexington Academy 4 Joseph Lanzetta 4 P.S. 102 Jacques Cartier 4 P.S. 146 Ann M. Short 4 Central Park East I Elementary School 4 Central Park East High School

5 PS 046 Arthur Tappan 5 PS 161 Pedro Albizu Campos 5 PS 194 Countee Cullen 5 P.S. 123 Mahalia Jackson 5 KIPP Infinity

6 IS 218 Salome Urena 6 City College Academy Of The Arts 6 MS 322 6 MS 324, Patria Mirabal

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6 MS 319, Maria Teresa 6 PS 325 6 PS 192 Jacob H Schiff 6 Hamilton Grange Middle School 6 P.S. 004 Duke Ellington 6 P.S. 048 Michael J Buczek 6 P.S. 128 Aubudon 6 Castle Bridge High School

6 Juan Pablo Duarte 6 P.S. 152 Dyckman Valley 6 P.S. 173 6 P.S. 187, Hudson Cliffs 6 P.S. 189 6 High School for Math, Science, and

Engineering at City College

Manhattan schools with Article 28 clinics Campus School

DistrictSchool Name

PS 64 Campus 1 PS 064 Robert Simon  1 Earth School  1 Tompkins Square MS ExtensionThe Island School Campus 1 PS 188 The Island School  84 Girls Prep Charter School  75 P.S. M094  2 PS 051 Elias Howe

Norman Thomas Campus 2 Murray Hill Academy  2 Manhattan Academy for Arts and Language  2 Unity Center for Urban TechnologiesSeward Park 2 Essex Street Academy  2 HS For Dual Language   2 Lower Manhattan Arts Academy   2 New Design H.S.  2 Urban Assembly Academy of Government and Law, TheWashington Irving Campus 2 The High School for Language and Diplomacy  2 Gramercy Arts High School  2 International High School at Union Square  2 Union Square Academy for Health Sciences   84 Success Academy Union Square-Manhattan 1  2 Academy for Software Engineering   2 The High School of Fashion IndustriesBayard Rustin Campus 2 James Baldwin School  2 Humanities Preparatory Academy  2 Manhattan Business Academy  2 Landmark High School  2 Quest to Learn  2 Hudson High School of Learning Technologies

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Julia Richman Campus 2 Ella Baker (Emergency services only)  2 Vanguard High School  2 Manhattan International High School  2 Talent Unlimited  2 PS 011 William T Harris

Martin Luther King Jr. Campus

3 The School For Arts, Imagination, and Inquiry

  3 The Urban Assembly School For Media Studies  3 High School for Law, Advocacy and Community Justice  3 High School for Arts and Technology  3 Manhattan/Hunter Science High SchoolLouis Brandeis Campus 3 The Urban Assembly School for Green Careers  3 The Global Learning Collaborative  3 Innovation Diploma Plus  3 Frank McCourt High School  3 Success Academy Charter School -Upper West   2 Urban Academy Lab High School  3 JHS 054 Booker T. Washington  3 Edward A.Reynolds West Side High School  3 Hugo Newman PS/IS 180  4 PS 112 Jose Celso Barbosa

PS 007 Samuel Stern Campus

4 PS 007 Samuel Stern

  4 Global Technology Preparatory  4 PS 155 William Paca  4 James Weldon Johnson  4 Renaissance School of ArtsIS 117 Campus 4 TAG Young Scholars  4 Esperanza Preparatory AcademyManhattan Center Campus 4 Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics  4 Isaac Newton Middle School for Math and SciencePS 83/BBMS Campus 4 PS 083 Luis Munoz Rivera  4 The Bilingual Bicultural SchoolPS 38 Roberto Clemente Campus

4 PS 38 Roberto Clemente

  84 Harlem Prep Charter School  84 Dream Charter School  4 PS 108 Assemblyman Angelo Del Toro

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Percy Ellis Sutton Educational Complex (IS 136 Campus)

5 Kappa IV

  5 Mott Hall High School  5 Eagle Academy for Young Men of Harlem  5 Thurgood Marshall AcademyAdam Clayton Powell Campus

5 The Urban Assembly Institute for New Technologies

  5 Renaissance Health Care Network Military Leadership  5 Academy for Social Action: A College Board School  5 Urban Assembly School for the Performing Arts  5 PS 030 Hernandez/Hughes  5 PS 046 Arthur Tappan  5 PS 161 Pedro Albizu CamposPS 194 Campus 5 PS 194 Countee Cullen  84 Harlem Village Academy Charter SchoolPS 197 Russwurm Campus 5 PS 197 John B Russwurm  84 Democracy Prep Charter School Annex  5 PS 200 James M Smith  5 Frederick Douglas Secondary Academy  5 Bread & Roses Integrated High School

PS 192 Campus 6 PS 192 Jacob H Schiff  6 PS 325George Washington Campus

6 The College Academy

  6 High School for Media & Communications  6 High School for Law & Public Service  6 High School for Health Careers & ScienceIS 143 Campus 6 JHS 143 Eleanor Roosevelt   6 Washington Heights Expeditionary Learning SchoolEdward W. Stitt Campus (formally IS 164 Campus)

6 Writers Today & Leaders Tomorrow

  6 Manhattan Middle School For Scientific InquiryJHS 52 Inwood Campus 6 JHS 052 Inwood  6 High School for Excellence and Innovation  6 A Philip Randolph CampusIS 218 Campus 6 I S 218 Salome Urena  6 City College Academy Of The Arts  6 Middle School 322

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IS 90 Mirabal Sisters Campus

6 MS 319 - Maria Teresa Mirabal

  6 MS 324 - Patria Mirabal  6 KIPP Washington Heights Middle School  6 PS 005 Ellen Lurie  6 PS 008 Luis Belliard

Mental health providers in Manhattan schoolsMental Health Provider: Provider Address: Jewish Board for Family and Children’s Services* 135 West 50th Street New York, NY 10020New York Presbyterian Hospital 525 East 68th Street New York, NY 10065Henry Street Settlement 265 Henry Street New York, NY 10002New York Foundling 590 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10011Graham Windham 144 East 128th Street New York, NY 10035University Settlement 184 Eldridge Street New York, NY 10002Hudson Guild 459 W 26th Street New York, NY 10001IPTAR Clinical Center 1111 Amsterdam Ave New York, NY 10025St.Luke’s/Roosevelt Hospital 1111 Amsterdam Ave New York, NY 10025Northside 1301 5th Avenue New York, NY 10029Union Settlement Association 237 E 104th St New York, NY 10029Harlem Family Institute 2 Riverside Drive #5D New York, NY 10023Children’s Aid Society 885 Columbus Avenue New York, NY 10025

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177,000 of the city’s 1.1 million students attend one of the 307 schools (located in 206 campuses) in Manhattan.

Borough wide ethnicity White Black Hispanic Asian Other 15.8% 23.9% 45.4% 12% 2.8%

Inwood and Washington Heights48 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other

4.5% 7.4% 86.1% 1.2% .8%

Central Harlem 31 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other 4.3% 49.9% 40% 3.6% 2.1%

East Harlem 31 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other 4.3% 25.5% 61% 7.1% 2.1%

Upper West Side and parts of Harlem 46 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other 30.9% 23.3% 33.9% 7.7% 4.3%

Chelsea, Hell’s Kitchen and the Upper East Side 121 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other 24.3% 15.8% 33% 23.2% 3.8%

Lower East Side 30 schools White Black Hispanic Asian Other 17.2% 16.9% 41.8% 21.4% 2.7%

DISTRICT

6DISTRICT

5DISTRICT

4DISTRICT

3DISTRICT

2DISTRICT

1

MANHATTAN PUBLIC SCHOOLS

BY THE NUMBERS

Due to missing demographic information at the time of the enrollment snapshot, demographic categories do not always add up to 100%.SOURCE: NYC Department of Education demographic snapshot:http://schools.nyc.gov/AboutUs/schools/data/default.htm

Due to missing demographic information at the time of the enrollment snapshot, demographic categories do not always add up to 100%.SOURCE: NYC Department of Education demographic snapshot:http://schools.nyc.gov/AboutUs/schools/data/default.htm

Many thanks to those who contributed to this report, especially staff members Ayisha Irfan, Shulamit Warren Puder, and Jessica Mates and interns Dina Al Ajmi and Hanna Zaretsky.

Thanks, also, to the many advocates who helped advise us, including Henry Street Settlement, University Settlement, Hudson Guild, and the Children’s Aid Society.

Gale A. Brewer MANHATTAN BOROUGH PRESIDENT

1 Centre Street, 19th Floor South New York, NY 10007 (212) 669-8300

431 West 125th Street New York, NY 10027 (212) 531-1609

www.manhattanbp.nyc.gov galeabrewer

August 2017