Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 1

Why 4K?

George JobloveSony Pictures Technologies

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 2

Motion-Picture Distribution

Studios, Distributo

rs

Motion-Picture Masters

(Intermediates)

TheatersReleas

e prints

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 3

Motion-Picture Distribution

Studios, Distributo

rs

Motion-Picture Masters

(Intermediates)

TheatersReleas

e prints

20th-century standard:35-mm film 

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 4

Motion-Picture Distribution

Studios, Distributo

rs

Motion-Picture Masters

(Intermediates)

TheatersReleas

e prints

20th-century standard:35-mm film 

21st-century standard:DCP (Digital Cinema

Package) 

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 5

Motion-Picture Distribution

2048 pixels wide

1080 pixels

high

4096 pixels wide

2160 pixels

high

“2K”

“4K”

A DCP may be either of two resolutions:

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 6

Why 4K?

Human visual acuity

Modern cinema theater layout

Maximizing quality of our work on the screen

Maximizing quality of what goes into the vault for future use

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 7

Human Visual Acuity

360°

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Human Visual Acuity

360°

1°

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360°

1°1′ 1°

Human Visual Acuity

Magnification

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Human Visual Acuity

‘Normal’ (‘20/20’ [US/UK], ‘6/6’ [EU], ‘1.5/1.5’ [JP]) human vision resolves 30 cycles (line-pairs) per degree,or one line per arcminute

This corresponds to about:■ 486 lines (NTSC) 576 lines

(PAL) at 7 picture-heights at 6 picture-heights

■1080 lines (HDTV or 2K DCI 1.85:1) at 3 picture-heights

■2160 lines (4K DCI 1.85:1) at 1½ picture-heights

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 11

Modern Cinema Design, Stadium Seating

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 12

Modern Cinema Design, Stadium Seating

PHOTO: BAM ROSE CINEMAS

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 13

Today’s Demonstration

Images■Shot on still cameras

– Sony 900 [6K4K Bayer] and digital Hasselblad [7K5K Bayer]

■Gamma-converted to linear floating-point■Cropped to 1.85:1 and down-res’ed to DCI 4K

(39962160)■Color-space- and gamma-converted from sRGB to

DCI X'Y'Z'■Converted to 16-bit integer per channel, saved in

TIFF format■Created left/right mirrored image by pixel

swapping■Created DCI package (4K) from each still image and

mirror

Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 14

Today’s Demonstration

Projection

Screen: 20 ft (6 m) wide, matte 1.0, non-perforated

Left-side projection: 2K Right-side projection: 4K

4K DCP 4K DCPDoremi DCP2000 Sony LMT-300

Christie CP2000-ZX DLP Sony SRX-R320 SXRD20481080 40962160

~14.6 ftL = ~50 cd/m² ~14.6 ftL = ~50 cd/m²