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Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
Why ACPC?A Cadets Training Course Designed by Airlines
ACPC——运输航空公司副驾驶预备课程
施永宏 上海春秋飞行培训有限公司总经理
www.springairlines.com
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
航空公司对初始训练现状的判断:
Airlines Judgement for Current Type-Rating Training
航校训练和航空公司训练之间存在一个”缝隙”
A Gap between 141 training & Airlines Training
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
在完成一个“标准的”初始改装后,一次不通过率超过10%。
Fail rate are more then 10% in a Standard initial type-rating.
初始改装的训练被加厚,加长。
More APT,FFS sessions are added in airlines syllabus。
案例:春秋航空目前的初始改装大纲中,FFS 训练有17场。
e.g. 17 FFS sessions in Spring initial type-rating syllabus.
传统训练模式 Traditional Training
课程内容设置各有差异,但课程目标基本一致:
Different courseware ,same training objective
完成在低空、低速、单个驾驶员操作,设备简单的单发或多发活塞发动机的
小飞机到的高空、高速、多人制机组,自动化程度高的现代商用运输飞机上
的能力转变。
Transfer small aircraft with low speed、low altitude 、single crew、
simple equipment 、 piston engine to modern commercial aircraft
with high speed、high altitude ,muti-crew 、automation, turbofan
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
MPL concept can be utilized to improve the traditional training:
训练课程
Process
Product
初始改装
能力模型
Standard
反馈
Feedback
学员进入
Inputs
能力是指按规定标准执行任务所必需的知识、技能和态度的组合。
Competency: A combination of skills, knowlegde and
attitudes required to perform a task to the prescribed
standard
Competency Based Training:
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
通用航空与运输航空训练差异分析( GA vs Airlines Transportation)
通用航空(GA) GA Course 运输航空(AT) Main Differences & Key Point
pilot
Single crew 人为因素与飞行安全
multi crew 1.改变单人运行的固有做法和思维方式2.理解与熟悉多人制机组运行方法3.学习CRM和TEM
PPL、CPL CCAR-61 ATPL 1.通用执照与运输执照管理的不同2.飞行机组成员的要求存在差异
/ / professional 运输航空飞行员特有的责任与意识
air-craft
Piston
engine
活塞式发动机 Turbofan engine 1.涡扇发动机部件及结构2.涡扇发动机基本工作原理,操作与监控3.推力的影响因素
Aircraft
system
飞机系统结构简单,设备简单,无需增压
Aircraft system 设备复杂,自动化程度高1.重点是自动化设备的原理及使用:AP,FD,A/THR等2.复杂的警告系统3.雷达等设备的使用4.增压、氧气等高空配备的系统
Low altitudeLow speedLight aricraft
低空,低速空气动力特点,小重量,机械操纵
High altitude,High speed,Jet airplane
高空、高速空气动力特点,大重量电传操纵特点
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
Op
era
tion
al E
nviro
men
t
Visual &
Instrument
目视飞行为主 Instrument 1.91部仪表飞行规则2.121部运行对比3.结合航图介绍仪表飞行程序4.RVSM介绍
Simple weather
condition
低空环境,好
的天气运行
Complicated
weather
condition
1.气象有关系统性天气、危险天气的知识,巩固气象产品应用的能力2.高空环境的影响3.气象报运行资料认读
GA airport 简单灯光标识 Main Airport 1.助航灯光,机场标识使用2.机场使用的细则
/ / Operation manual 航空公司有关规定
Radio
Navigation
无线电导航台的使用
Modern
Navigation
现代导航技术的原理及优点
communication 低空环境通讯 communication 航班运行的完整通讯(英文+中文)
performance 性能与计划 performance 载重平衡单,飞行计划,燃油政策等运行资料的认读及使用方法
limitation CCAR-91部分limitation 运输航空的运行限制121部+91部
procedure 简易程序 SOP 完整的起飞到落地的标准操纵程序框架,检查单使用,标准喊话,练习ATC通讯,机组之间的搭配
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
春秋的ACPC课程(Spring ACPC course):
Operation Course
25 Hrs
A320 aircraft
50 Hrs
APT:6*3
FFS: 13*4
2016-2017 Page 11
PPL
私照
CPL – IR
商照-
仪表等级
ACPC
MCC
多机组
TR
机型改装
time
Level of
Competency
IOE
June 2015
High-Performance Aircraft Training
Page 12
Pilot Task Analysis – Functions and Competencies
FLY
NAVIGATE
COMMUNICATE
MANAGE THE AIRCRAFT
MANAGE THE MISSION
Application of procedures
Flight path management - Manual
Flight path management - Automation
Communication
Workload management
Situation awareness
Leadership and team working
Problem solving and decision making
Functions and Core competencies are equivalent in term of
training
The grading system should reflect this equivalence
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.
2015年11月27日CAAC颁布咨询通告
CAAC Advisory Circular Issued on Nov. 27,2015
ACPC课程设计理念
An Alternative Course to High Performance Training
是从航空公司的视角开发的基于能力训练的课程
Course development based on airline vision & CBT
减缓初始改装训练梯度
Seamless connected to the Initial Type-rating course
强调教员训练的要求: 1500小时以上飞行员,更多的训练
Emphysize on Instructor Training:1500 hrs and above Line Pilots,
More Training。
模拟机训练
基于能力的训练理念同MPL是一致的
As it’s in MPL, CBT concept be utilized
ACPC 课程得到了业界的普遍认同
It is widely accepted by the industry
教员的训练要求是重点
Instructor Training is the Key Factor
Instructor
training
requirement
Copyright © 2012 Spring Airlines. All rights reserved.