Why do I need water treatment

Breakdown of utilities

Effective Water Treatment

Helps ensure safe & reliable system operation

Minimizes energy, water & maintenance costs

Maximizes life of a major capital investment

Poor Water Treatment

Increases liability concerns Results in downtime & production losses Increases labor & maintenance costs Increases energy & water costs Results in premature equipment replacement

Effective Water Treatment Requires a Comprehensive Approach

Technical Expertise

The Right Feed & Control Equipment

Quality Treatment Products

Service Orientation

Dedication to Meeting Individual Needs

Effects of Scale

Efficiency loss

1/64" 1/32" 1/16" 1/8" 3/16" 1/4" 3/8" 1/2" 5/8" 3/4"0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Efficiency Loss Caused by Scale Formation% energy Loss Exponential (% energy Loss)

Effects of Corrosion

Effects of Microbiological

Cycles of Concentration Any dissolved solids that were in the water are left behind

& concentrate in the remaining water Cycles reflect the degree makeup impurities are

concentrated in system water

1 Cycle

Makeup Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) = 100 ppm

2 Cycles 3 Cycles 4 Cycles

TDS = 200 ppm

TDS = 300 ppm

TDS = 400 ppm

TDS = 100 ppm

Cycles & Bleed

Constant Evaporation

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Constant Evaporation

With zero bleed, cycles will continually increase

Bleed used to maintain desired cycles

Tim

e

Tim

e

Bleed or blowdown is the deliberate discharge of system water to maintain the desired cycles (dissolved solids level)

Makeup Makeup Bleed

Cycles 2 3 5 7

Water Cost $51,840 $38,880 $32,400 $30,240

Inhibitor Cost $25,920 $15,552 $7,776 $5,184

Total Cost $77,760 $54,432 $40,176 $35,424

Annual Tower Treatment Costs Vs. Cycles

Based on 1000 Ton Load, 24 Hr/Day, 240 Days/Year, Water Cost of $2.50/1000 gal, Inhibitor Cost of $2.50/1000 gal bleed

Importance of Cycles

Why Treat Closed Loops• Water and Metal don’t mix!

• The metal surfaces of your closed loop system are meant to last decades and they can if they are properly protected. A chilled water system line can last 40 – 50 years with proper treatment, but they can fail in as little as a couple years without treatment. Hot water system lines have been known to fail in the first year without treatment.

• Hot Water Systems can become scaled.• Calcium deposits can form on heating surfaces in areas with high hardness. Proper

treatment can prevent any scale formation.

• Anaerobic bacteria can destroy a closed loop system.• Even though the system is not exposed to sunlight or air, bacterial can still grow in it.

• Glycols are more corrosive than water by itself.• The corrosion rate of carbon steels and copper alloys in a 30% glycol solution is 10-15

times greater than in plain water.

What can happen if I don’t treat my

closed loop