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GARDENING WITH WILDFLOWERS
Why use prairie plants?
• Ability to thrive despite Great Plains weather extremes and soil types
• A prairie garden requires little if any supplemental irrigation once established
• Prairie plants resist insect pests and disease.
• Provide critical habitat for local wildlife
Disadvantages of Prairie Gardens
• A prairie landscape can look overgrown and weedy to the public
• Prairie landscapes require very large lot sizes or large estates to provide benefit
• Converting to a prairie garden is costly• Plants are slow to establish and weed
control is a problem
If you grow prairie plants, don’t…
• Design your prairie garden with an automatic irrigation system.
• Mulch too deep. Provide a light 1-2” layer• Space plants too far apart• Mix prairie plants that aren’t adapted to
your site
If you grow prairie plants, do…
• Plan on starting small and keep it simple• Plant your garden with at least 50% prairie
grasses• Enrich the soil in the planting zone with
topsoil, rich with humus and oxygen.• Copy a prairie model using the same kind
of soil and topography as your own site• Match the plant to the habitat!
• GreatPlants Display
Garden
Installing Prairie Gardens
• What is native for you?• Seeds vs. plugs• Prairie Gardeners often plant 80% forb
seed and 20% grass seed• When to plant?• Fight weeds before planting your prairie
Prairie Junegrass, Koeleria macrantha
Short Prairie Grasses
Blue Grama Grass,
Bouteloua gracilis,
Sideoats Grama, Bouteloua curtipendula
Little Bluestem, Schizachyrium scoparium
Prairie Dropseed, Sporobolus heterolepis
Sand Lovegrass, Eragrostis trichoides
Tall Prairie Grasses
Switchgrass, Panicum virgatum
Indiangrass, Sorghastrum nutans
Big Bluestem, Andropogon gerardii
Sand Bluestem, Andropogon hallii
Leadplant, Amorpha canescens
Woody Wildflowers
New Jersey Tea, Ceanothus americana
Prairie Smoke, Geum triflorum
Spring Blooming
Pasque Flower, Pulsatilla patens
Pussytoes, Antennaria parviflora
“it was the velvety, silver-green mat of an antennaria which etched the first indelible impression of a wild plant on my mind and turned me into an ardent admirer of them.” –Claude Barr
Dwarf Spiderwort, Tradescantia tharpii
“a very hairy little spiderwort, flowering freely for several weeks in early spring. It has kept its allotted space among other gentle-mannered plants.” –Claude Barr
Fremont’s Clematis, Clematis fremontii
Pincushion Cactus,Coryphantha missouriensis
Pincushion Cactus, Coryphantha vivipara
Plains Prickly-Pear Cactus, Opuntia polyacantha
Prairie Alumroot, Heuchera richardsonii
Prairie Phlox, Phlox pilosa
Dwarf Blue Indigo, Baptisia minor
Calylophus serrulatus ‘Prairie Lode’
Toothed Primrose
“well behaved in the garden….its petals wide and overlapping,forming a full, round saucer” –Claude Barr
“little has been done toward color selection in Yucca glauca. I brought to the garden a plant whose sepal segments were strongly tinted with red” –Claude Barr
Soapweed, Yucca glauca
Summer Bloomers
Pale Purple Coneflower, Echinacea pallida
Narrowleaf Coneflower,Echinacea angustifolia
Prairie Spiderwort & Pale Penstemon
Prairie Spiderwort, Tradescantia ohioensis
Butterfly Milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa
Sensitive Briar, Schrankia nuttallii
“each of the several to many trailing or clambering, little-branched stems carries its compliment of flowers…inch-wide balls of fluff of a lovely rose-pink.” –Claude Barr
Missouri Primrose, Oenothera missouriensis
Prairie Skullcap, Scutellaria resinosa
Wild Quinine, Parthenium integrifolium
Fragrant False Indigo, Amorpha nana
Purple Poppy Mallow, Callirhoe involucrata
Fringed Sage, Artemesia frigida
Purple Prairie Clover, Dalea purpurea
“the thick cones, which attain a length of two inches, are dark green, a bit silvery hairy, and the circles of flowers are a beautiful purple-red from light to deep in hue….a gay atmosphere is added by the many long-filamented anthers of gold or burnt orange.” –Claude Barr
Gray-Headed Coneflower,Ratibida pinnata
Upright Prairie Coneflower,Ratibida columnifera
Prairie Bushclover,Lespedeza capitata
Rattlesnake Master, Eryngium yuccifolium
Pitcher Sage, Salvia azurea
Fall Bloomers
Dotted Gayfeather, Liatris punctata
Scaly Blazing Star,Liatris squarrosa
Rough Gayfeather,Liatris aspera
Compass Plant, Silphium laciniatum
Wild Bergamot, Monarda fistulosa
Showy Goldenrod, Solidago speciosa
“the find of the day, in cracks in the slabby limestone of the summit, was the prime rock aster of the Plains, A. fendleri
in full flower at 4 to 10 inches.” –Claude Barr
‘My Antonia’ Fendler’s Aster, Aster fendleri
Aromatic Aster, Aster oblongifolius
Wet Areas
Swamp Milkweed,Asclepias incarnata
Joe-Pye Plant,Eupatorium purpureum
Culver’s Root,Veronicastrum virginicum
Thickspike Gayfeather,Liatris pycnostachya
White Wild Indigo,Baptisia lactea
Turtlehead,Chelone lyonii
Sneezeweed,Helenium autumnale
Purple Meadow Rue,Thalictrum dasycarpum
Prairie Plants for Naturalizing
Plains Coreopsis,Coreopsis tinctoria
Brown-eyed Susan,Rudbeckia triloba
Wild Petunia, Ruellia humilis
Lanceleaf Coreopsis & Prairie Larkspur
Golden Alexanders,Zizia aurea
Wild Columbine,Aquilegia canadensis
Western Wallflower, Erysimum umbellatum
Yellowdicks, Helenium amarum
Fringed Puccoon, Lithospermum incisum
“with slightly slashed and ruffled petals, the fringed puccoon glows delightfully in medium yellow, mainly in May.” –Claude Barr
Prickly Poppy, Argemone polyanthemos
Rocky Mountain BeePlant, Cleome serrulata
“it wins an honored place by bearing at the apex of each stem an ample, flat-topped cluster of inch-wide heads, all in deep, rich yellow and centered about a disk of intense, glowing orange” –Claude Barr
Prairie Ragwort,
Senecio plattensis
Shell-leaf Penstemon, Penstemon grandiflorus
Native Plant Sources
• Ion Exchange (seeds and plants), 1878 Old Mission Dr., Harpers Ferry, IA 52146-7533
• Missouri Wildflowers Nursery (native perennial seeds and plants), 9814 Pleasant Hill Road, Jefferson City, MO 65109, [email protected]
• Oikos Tree Crops (oaks, nut trees, American native edibles), P.O. Box 19425, Kalamazoo, MI 49019, Phone (616) 624-6233
• Prairie Moon Nursery (native plants & seeds for wetland, prairie, savanna and woodland), Route 3, Box 163, Winona, MN 55987-9515, 507/452-1362, [email protected]
• Prairie Nursery (wildflowers and prairie plants), P.O. Box 306, Westfield, WI 53964, (800) 476-9453, [email protected]
• Seeds of the Plains, HC 76, Box 21, Belvidere, SD 75721• Shoestring Acres (prairie seed), P.O. Box 6614, Lincoln, NE 68506,
402/327-2532, www.shoestringseed.com• Stock Seed Farms (grasses and wildflowers), 28008 Mill Rd., Murdock, NE
68407-2350, (402) 867-3771, [email protected]• Nebraska Statewide Arboretum, arboretum.unl.edu/plant sales
Bob Henrickson
402.472.7855
…enriching lives through the beauty and wonder of plants.
arboretum.unl.edu