WikiLeaks, Snowden and Civil Liberties vs. Public Security By
Jeff South | Fulbright Scholar | U.S.A. Teaching at Northeast
Normal University, Changchun Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5
Whistle-blowing Definition and history Law and ethics Journalistic
considerations What society might do to address these issues Slide
6 Slide 7 Supporters view Martyrs for public interest Holding
institutions accountable Sacrificing themselves for the public good
Slide 8 Opponents view Traitors or defectors Deluded, mistaken,
unaware of big picture Axe to grind Personal glory and fame
Motivated by greed Slide 9 Forms of retaliation Fired, suspended
Demoted Mistreated Sued Treason! Put in jail Slide 10 Early history
Continental Congress, 1778 U.S. Civil War Term coined in 1970s
Whistleblower protection laws But still retaliation occurs Slide 11
My Lai Massacre 1968: Vietnam War U.S. soldiers killed 400-500
villagers A soldier, Ron Ridenhour, learned about atrocities
Contacted public officials and the press Slide 12 Ridenhours words
Government institutions first response to exposure of corruption
and wrongdoing: lie, conceal and cover up. Once an institution has
embraced a particular lie, it will forever proclaim its innocence.
Slide 13 My Lai Massacre Lt. William Calley convicted, but served
no prison time Ridenhour became a journalist; died at 52 Slide 14
Pentagon Papers Daniel Ellsberg Military analyst In 1971, gave
politicians and journalists a secret Defense Department study about
the Vietnam War Pentagon Papers case Slide 15 Pentagon Papers
Showed U.S. government had lied about the war New York Times ran
story U.S. Supreme Court: No prior restraint President Nixon
outraged; ordered burglary Slide 16 Ellsbergs words As an American
citizen, as a responsible citizen, I could no longer cooperate in
concealing this information from the American public. I am prepared
to answer to all the consequences of this decision. Slide 17
Ellsbergs fate Turned himself in 1973 trial Break-in and illegal
wiretapping revealed Ellsberg acquitted Slide 18 WikiLeaks
Encourages whistleblowers Slide 19 Slide 20 WikiLeaks 2010:
Collateral Murder Slide 21 WikiLeaks Encourages whistleblowers
2010: Collateral Murder 500,000 documents on wars in Afghanistan
& Iraq State Department cables (working with newspapers in
U.S., U.K. and Germany) Slide 22 Slide 23 Fall-out U.S.
investigated Assange WikiLeak Twitter accounts Cut off hosting
& donations Bradley/Chelsea Manning convicted of espionage, but
not aiding enemy 35 years in prison Slide 24 Mannings words He
leaked cables to show the true cost of war. I am sorry that my
actions hurt people. I am sorry for the unintended consequences of
my actions. When I made these decisions I believed I was going to
help people, not hurt people. Slide 25 Slide 26 Hero or traitor?
Obama: He broke the law Slide 27 Slide 28 Edward Snowden Computer
expert for CIA, then defense contractors Upset over surveillance by
U.S. government Monitoring Internet and phone communication Took
thousands of files Slide 29 Edward Snowden Leaked to Guardian and
Washington Post U.S. charges: espionage Now temporary asylum in
Russia Slide 30 Snowdens words There is a huge difference between
legitimate spying and dragnet mass surveillance... These programs
were never about terrorism: theyre about economic spying, social
control, and diplomatic manipulation. The public had a right to
know about these programs. Slide 31 Slide 32 Slide 33 Slide 34
Slide 35 Slide 36 Slide 37 Slide 38 Snowden aftermath Obama: Lets
have a debate; Snowden must stand trial Supporters: Snowden is a
hero for exposing NSA Reporters won awards Slide 39 00:08-03:42
Slide 40 00:36-02:54 06:58-07:30 Slide 41 Differences?
Ridenhour/Ellsberg vs. Manning/Snowden In the material they leaked?
To whom they leaked it? What they did afterward? Slide 42 The
debate How to weigh individual liberties vs. public security
Internal controls & trust Protection for whistleblowers How to
assess damage Our digital world: End of privacy? Slide 43
