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Wind Power in Uruguay
Latin-American Forum: Wind Power in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay - September 2014
Dr. Eng. Gonzalo Casaravilla UTE Company – Montevideo - Uruguay
República Oriental del URUGUAY
Area 176.215 km²
Population1 3.390.077 inhab
Pop. Density 19 inhab/km²
GPD2 55.700 USD millions
GPD/inhab3 15.400 USD/inhab
1 Census 20112 Gross National Product 20133 Year 2013
125.000 MW
installed
25.000 MW
installed
POWERFUL NEIGHBORS WITH THEIR OWN
PROBLEMS
WE HAVE LEARNED THAT WE MUST STAND ON OUR OWN
3.000 MW
installed
MUST STAND ON OUR OWN
THIS REALITY IMPOSED RISKS BUT ALSO OPPORTUNITIES
Energy Policy 2030
•Approved in 2008 by
the Executive Council
of Ministers
•Approved in 2010 by
State enterprise from year 1912:
Generation (in competence)
Transmission
Distribution
Commercialization
•Approved in 2010 by
all the political parties
at the parliament
2013 Numbers of the Electric SectorEnergy Generation & Imported 10.315 GWh/year
Energy Consumption / inhabitant 2.600 kWh/inhab/year
Electrification rate 99,5 %
Installed Power 3.000 MW
Peak demand (22/Julio/2013) 1.918 MW
Number of Clients and Services 1.350.000Number of Clients and Services 1.350.000
HYDRAULIC77%
THERMAL17%
BIOMASS5% WIND
1%
Quality of electricity supply
15
9 1016
2330 32 33 34 36
434363 65
73 7684
102
116 117
142
Source:
The Global Competitiveness Report
2013–2014 of the World Economic Forumhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2013-14.pdf
Climate Vulnerability
6000
8000
10000
12000
AN
UA
L E
NE
RG
Y [
GW
h]
2011
20072010
2012
DEMAND 2015
DEMAND 2010
2013
3.5%per
YEAR
0
2000
4000
0% 50% 100%
AN
UA
L E
NE
RG
Y [
GW
h]
PROBABILITY
2006
20082009
2012
HYDRAULICGENERATION
Oil Vulnerability
Uruguay OptionsLEVELIZED
COSTPP(*) CV fd fc
SOURCE USD/MWhINTER
MITTENTPEAKING
LOAD
FOLLO
WING
BASE
LOAD
USD/
MWh
USD/
MWh% %
SOLAR PV 94 • • 16 0 100 17
BIOMASS 120 • • 60 60 85 85
ONSHORE WIND 69 • 30 0 100 44
GAS PEAKING 258 • • 14,5 135 85 10
DIESEL PEAKING 368 • • 14,5 245 85 10
COAL 183 • 60 70 85 45
DISPATCH
ALT
ER
NA
TIV
EC
ON
VE
NTI
ON
AL
Keys of Change: Economy, Strength, Sovereignty
and Environmental Care
Mayor Objective: MINIMUN GENERATION COST
COAL 183 • 60 70 85 45
GAS COMBINED CYCLE 155 • • 23 104 85 38
DIESEL COMBINED CYCLE 240 • • 23 188 85 38
CO
NV
EN
TIO
NA
L
CV + fd/fcPP = LCoE ∗(*) PPs include integration cost
Changing Energy Supply Matrix
•Fast grow of Wind Energy• 1300 MW ending 2016
•Build a Combined Cycle of 530 MW• TG+TG+TV (2x180+1x170 MW)
•Build a GNL Regasification unit•Build a GNL Regasification unit• 10 MM/m3/day (50% for Uruguay)
•Build a Strong Interconnection with Brazil• 500 MW/500kV (50/60 Hz Back-to-Back
connection)
•Increasing transmission capacity of the
system
100
120
140
160
180
USD
/MW
h
5% PROBABILITY
Expected Generation Costs
1000to
400:
0
20
40
60
80
100
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
USD
/MW
h
MEANS VALUE
If we had not radically changed the generation matrix, in 2016 the generation cost would be
40% more
Instaled Power 2016
1224 1404
1200
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
POWER [MW]SOLAR
WIND
1538 1538 1538 1538
487870
1224 1404
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1992 2009 2013 2016
WIND
BIOMASS
THERMIC
HYDRAULIC
15%
20%
25%
30%
600
800
1000
1200
MW
eq
uiv
.
MW eq. Inst.
MW eq.
% EOL/DEM
Years of trucks on the road
0%
5%
10%
15%
0
200
400
600
01
/20
14
02
/20
14
03
/20
14
04
/20
14
05
/20
14
06
/20
14
07
/20
14
08
/20
14
09
/20
14
10
/20
14
11
/20
14
12
/20
14
01
/20
15
02
/20
15
03
/20
15
04
/20
15
05
/20
15
06
/20
15
07
/20
15
08
/20
15
09
/20
15
10
/20
15
11
/20
15
12
/20
15
MW
eq
uiv
.
12000
14000
16000
18000
AN
UA
L EN
ERG
Y [
MW
h]
EXP IMP HID GNL
FUEL + GOIL EOL BIO + SOL DEM
EXPORT
Matrix Generation ChangesMEAN YEAR
90% RENEWABLE45% HYD30% WIND15 % BIOMASS
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
AN
UA
L EN
ERG
Y [
MW
h]
HYDRAULIC
FUEL + GAS OIL
NATURAL GAS
WIND
BIOMAS + SOLAR PV
15 % BIOMASS
Windy spring days
Optimum Matrix assume SMALL PRICE of the EXPORTS and
all the WIND is going to be DISPATCHED and PAYED
Automatic Generation Control (AGC)on all the Hydro Generators and Gas Turbines
Uruguay has plenty of spinning reserve for the next 20 years
EÓLICA (93 MW)
BIOMASA NETA (264 MW)
GEN RENOVABLES PRIVADOS
EÓLICA 1ª. ETAPA (150 MW)
BIOMASA FUTURA (40 MW)
GEN EÓLICA K39607 Y EXT.
EÓLICA 2ª. ETAPA (192 MW)
CONCORDIA
SALTO GRANDE ARGENTINA
ARAPEY
TOMÁS GOMENSORO
ARTIGAS
RIVERA
TACUAREMBÓ
SALTO GRANDE URUGUAY
MANUEL DÍAZ
STEL
LIVRAMENTO
CONVERSORA DE FRECUENCIA
ALUR 5
PONLAR 7
BIOENER 11,5
LIDERDAT 4,85
Red Prevista 2023 – T1
GENERACIÓN EXISTENTE, CONTRATADA,
ADJUDICADA
COLONIA J.P. TERRA 67,2
PV 0,48
COLONIA RUBIO RENTNG 65
PALOMAS
ARERUNGUÁ 80
5
PV 5 PV 5
PV 50
PV 66
SALTO PV 10
AGUA LEGUAS_100
PV 40
PV 10
PV 5
CONVERSORA
SALTO 50
TACUAREMBÓ 150
CONV. MELO 100 BIOENERGY 40
FENIROL 10
WEYERHAEUSER 5
PAMPA 140
MELO
H H
TACUARÍ I 9.2
TACUARÍ II 6.6
Distributed Generation, Renewable, LNG, Networks and Interconnections
500 MW
70 MW
2000
MW
ZENDA (3,2 MW)
GEN PRIVADA CON GAS NATURAL
GEN EÓLICA UTE
EÓLICA EXISTENTE (20 MW)
Eólica 2 y 1/2 (437 MW)
UTE (137 MW)
2ª ETAPA: Eólica 2 y ½ (150 MW)
PV - Solar Fotovoltaica (257 MW)
UTE EN S.A. (390 MW)
UTE - ELETROBRÁS (199 MW)
UTE – EXPANSIÓN (500 MW)
Proyectos con dificultades
EÓLICA 2ª. ETAPA (192 MW)
H MINI HIDRÁULICAS (21 MW)
CASABLANCA
B A I
MONTEVIDEO
NEPTUNIA
LA FLORESTA
PAN DE AZÚCAR
SAN CARLOS
MALDONADO
PANDO
SUÁREZ
ROCHA
CASTILLOS
CHUY LASCANO
JOSÉ P.VARELA
ENRIQUE MARTÍNEZ
RÍO BRANCO
TERRA
LIBERTAD
RODRÍGUEZ A.CORRIENTES
CANELONES
CARDONA
NUEVA HELVECIA
CONCEPCIÓN
COLONIA ELÍA
MERCEDES
CONCHILLAS
ROSARIO
PALMAR VERGARA
SAN LUIS
ARROZAL 33
RINCÓN DE RAMÍREZ
CUCP
SOLYMAR
LAS TOSCAS
LAS PIEDRAS
C
EFICE
NUEVO MANANTIAL 11,8
PALMATIR 50
MONTES DEL PLATA 80
DOLORES
ESTRELLADA
Vientos de Pastorale_49,2
Ladaner_50
PINTADO
PAYSANDÚ
Cadonal_50
COLINIA ARIAS 70
ARBOLITO 50
PV 30
YOUNG
GALOFER 12,5
CONVERSORA MELO
TREINTA Y TRES
CUCHILLA PERALTA
116
VALENTINES
VALENTINES 70
125
TRINIDAD
ASTIDEY
NUEVA PALMIRA
COLONIA
KENTILUX 17,2
FLORIDA
Polesine_50
|
FINGANO 50
Vengano_40
LUZ DE LOMA 20
LUZ DE MAR 18
LUZ DE RÍO 50
PANDO 50
BIFURCACIÓN
JOSÉ IGNACIO
PUNTA DEL ESTE
SAN CARLOS 150
MINAS
PV 0,48
CENTRAL GEN. LIBERTADOR I 15
GEN. EOLICA MINAS 42
LAS ROSAS 1
CONTRATOS FUTUROS BIOMASA
40
F
CEBOLLATÍ
FRAY BENTOS
COLONIA
COLONIA JUAN LACAZE
Cobra ing. Uy_48,6
CENTRAL BATLLE
CTR
CENTRAL GEN. LIBERTADOR I 50
CARACOLES 20
UPM - UTE 18+19
UPM 40
DURAZNO Astidey_50
BAYGORRIA
CARDAL 500
PUNTA DEL TIGRE
S.VÁZQUEZ
SAN JAVIER 0
LAS PIEDRAS 0
ZENDA 3,2
SAN JAVIER
Darinel_50
R_Del_Sur_50
AGROLAND 0,25
Molino de Rosas_ 50
ANDRESITO 50
Estrellada_ 50
TOGLEY 7,75
L.LANAS BLENGIO
0,9
LUMIGANOR 9,9
ENGRAW 1,8
PV 10
PV 5
PV 5
PV 5
PV 10
Central Gen. Libertador II_50
H PASO SEVERINO 5
ARATIRÍ PUERTO 20 MW
ARATIRÍ MINERA 170 MW
MW
2010-2017 Electricity Sector Investment•State by UTE : 2.990 USD millions (Gen, Dist, Trans, etc.)(*100%)
•LNG Regasification: 450 USD millions
•20 years WIND PPA´s (Power Purchase Agreement)
– UTE – ELETROBRAS : 110 USD millions (*50%)
– UTE (Trust y S.A.) : 550 USD millions (*6%)
– 100% Private Sector: 1.700 USD millions
•Private Solar Photovoltaic: 400 USD millions
2360:
•Private Solar Photovoltaic: 400 USD millions
•Private Biomass (pulp and others): 550 USD millions
�6.750 USD millions in 8 years�1.6% of the mean GPD (Gross National Product)
ONLY in the Electric Sector�50% of the invests in Renewable
�45% of the total invest by the state (UTE*)
Why 2.3 billion dollars of non-state investment in wind energy was possible?
•Confidence in the country and UTE. Uruguay has Investmen Grade
•Availability of Legal, Regulatory and Commercial instruments– Investment Promotion Law
– Rural Renting Law
– Adjustments of Electricity Regulatory Framework
– Adequacy of Environmental Regulations– Adequacy of Environmental Regulations
– 20 Year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
– Bankable (due diligence & non-recourse project finance)
•Market conditions (cost of money & technology)
•Alignment of all related actors– Academy, Port&Custom, Transport, Business Organizations
•UTE playing as Active developer of Projects
Competitive
Procedure
P37637 K39123 K39607 K41938 K43037
Date 2/2009 7/2009 7/2010 8/2011 2/2012
USD/MWh 90,25 90,25 85,35 63,5 63,5
MW of de PPA 14.7 54 150 192 488
Evolution of the Purchase Price of Wind Energy
• UTE-ELETROBRAS (65 MW) at 63.5 USD/MWh
• Extensions of successful PPA´s (100 MW) at 61.46/60.53 USD/MWh
• UTE: Trust y SA (280 MW) at 63.5 USD/MWh
prices@january2012, 60% PPI and 40% currentINCLUDES NETWORK INTEGRATION COSTS
Other PPA’s assigned with same o less reference costs:
Expected summer daily profile
GOOD
GOODBAD
Expected winter daily profile
GOOD/POOR
BETTER
GOOD
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
ex
pe
cte
d e
ne
rgy /
ex
pe
cte
d a
nu
al a
ve
rag
e
Wind
Monthly correlation of sources
GOOD
GOOD
BAD
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
ex
pe
cte
d e
ne
rgy /
ex
pe
cte
d a
nu
al a
ve
rag
e
month
Wind
Hydro
Sun
Demand
WIND and DEMAND: GOOD
SOLAR and HID in SUMER: GOOD
SOLAR and DEMAND in WINTER: BAD
Pumping and Accumulation
¿2030
?
First 30 electric cars of UTE
The biggest fleet in South America
Year 2020: BSS until end of battery life
50004600
1250 2300
49505000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
MW
SOLAR
WIND
BIOMASS
THERMAL
HYDRAULIC
PEAK
SOLAR at94 USD/MWh
SOLAR at69 USD/MWh
WIND at69 USD/MWh
Optimum Instaled Power 2040
28.000 GWh/year10.300 GWh/year
1538 1538 1538 1538
1224 14041540 1540
1200
1800 2000
4950
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
2013 2016 2040 2040
MW PEAK
890 CC650 TG
Next 15 years for the Electric Sector•State Policy
•Centralized State Planning
•Renewals (Hydro, Wind, Biomass, Solar FV)
•LNG Thermal units– Combined Cycle (TG+TG+TV) (in construction)– Combined Cycle (TG+TG+TV) (in construction)
– TG (current and future constructions)
•Regional integration (Interconnections)
•Smart Management of the Electric Grid– Demand Management (Optimization of Gen&Grid)
– Optimization of the Operation• Renewable Prediction, Optimum Dispatch and Automation
“The vertical integration of business models is a strength and an opportunity as it facilitates optimizing the variable
generation making demand management “
September 2014: 384 MW working
Wind Generation
Percentage of the demand
UTE: “We are friends of wind, water and sun”.
N° 1
150 kW
YEAR
2000
Juan Pablo Terra Wind Park
Agosto 2014
67.2 MW
Artigas - Uruguay