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WINDOWS Part 4 – Components of Computers. A World of Computers. Computer Literacy. Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses Computers are everywhere. Computer Applications in Society. How are computers used in society?. Education. Finance. Government. Health Care. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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WINDOWSPart 4 – Components of
Computers
A World of Computers• Computer Literacy
– Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses
– Computers are everywhere
Computer Applications in Society• How are computers used in society?
Education Finance Government Health Care Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing
What Is a Computer?• Computer – an electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can:–process the data according to specified
rules (processor)–accept data (input)–produce results
(output)–store the results
(storage) for future use
What Does a Computer Do?• The four basic
operations compromise the Information Processing Cycle
Processor• Processor – interprets and carries out the
basic instructions that operate a computer–Called Central Processing Unit (CPU)–The brains of the computer–Measured in hertz
• Control Unit – interprets the instructions
• Arithmetic/Logic Unit – performs the logical and arithmetic processes
Units of Speed(characters processed per second)
• Hertz – approximately 1 character• Kilohertz – approximately 1,000 characters• Megahertz – approximately 1,000,000
characters (1 million)• Gigahertz – approximately 1,000,000,000
characters (1 billion)• Terahertz – approximately 1,000,000,000,000
characters (1 trillion)
Memory• Memory – consists of electronic
components that store data, instructions, and information, as needed by the processor– Measured in bytes– RAM – Random Access Memory
• Holds the instructions, programs, information you input
• Will be lost if not saved (Measured in bytes)– ROM – Read Only Memory
• Can be read but not modified (system files)
Units of Memory• Byte – approximately 1 character• Kilobyte – approximately 1,000 characters• Megabyte – approximately 1,000,000
characters (1 million)• Gigabyte – approximately 1,000,000,000
characters (1 billion)• Terabyte – approximately
1,000,000,000,000 characters (1 trillion)
Storage Devices
• Used to store instructions, data, and information when they are not being used in memory
Magnetic Disks• Magnetic disks
use magnetic particles to store items on a disk’s surface– Floppy disks– Zip disks– Hard disks
Optical Discs• Optical discs
– CD-ROM– CD-R– CD-RW– DVD-ROM– DVD-R– DVD+R– DVD-RW– DVD+RW– DVD+RAM
• Tape
Miniature MobileStorage• Miniature mobile storage
media
Flash Drives
• Small, removable storage devices that range from 64 MB to 64 GB
• Integrated with a USB interface
System Unit
• The processor, memory & storage devices are housed in a box-like case called the system unit
Input Devices• Any hardware component that allows you
to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer
• Input Device Examples:– Keyboard– Mouse– Web Cam– Scanner– Camera
Output Devices• Output devices make the information
resulting from processing available for use• Output Device Examples
– Printers (dpi/ppm)• Impact (dot matrix)• Photo
(inkjet/bubble jet) • Nonimpact (laser)
– Display Devices• CRT• LCD
Components of a Computer