WINSWINSWindows Internet Name ServiceWindows Internet Name Service

What is WINS?What is WINS? It does name resolution (?!)

DNS resolves IP numbers and FQDN ARP resolves IP numbers and MAC

addresses WINS resolves NetBIOS names and IP

numbers (see last class meeting) It is dynamic, as clients boot they

provide the information H-node (default to Wins, then broadcast) not compatible with DNS protocol, but in

NT can be linked to the NT DNS service reduces traffic and need for LMHOSTS

How does it work?How does it work?

WINSCLIENT

NTCLIENT

WINSSERVER

WINSDATABASE

Registration request

Query request

Query reply

NetBIOS name, IP#

NetBIOS name, IP#, TTLNetBIOS name

IP#

Also: • renewal interval (default 4 days or 96 hours)• name refresh request• name release request (shutdown)

Server requirementsServer requirements

To work with DHCP its own fixed IP address select WINS in the DHCP server

To work with non WINS clients configure a WINS Proxy manually editing

the registry turning Enable Proxy to 1 . WINS Proxy is a WINS-enable computer

that listens to broadcasts from non WINS clients and query the WINS server and replies.

Database replicationDatabase replication WINS servers

communicate with each other share synchronous name information at least two: primary and backup each server is capable of handling:

1,500 name registrations per minute 4,500 name queries per minute

primary and backup should handle up to 10,000 clients

can replicate (update) one another create automatically backups

Push and Pull PartnersPush and Pull Partners

WINS Serverpush and pullpartner

WINS Serverpush and pullpartner

WINS Serverpush and pullpartner

WINS Serverpush and pullpartner

CentralWINS Server

Push: send update notices to partnerPull : requests updates from partner

Note: only one WINS Proxy by subnet

WINS: Install and WINS: Install and SetupSetup Installation

only in NT Server see the NT FAQ or Microsoft installation

instructions. Setup

see the NT FAQ WINS proxy setup instructions see the NT FAQ Static client setup instructions see the NT FAQ Setup to work with DHCP

For more information see Microsoft articles WINS and DNS Compact the WINS database