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Without international steering, nobody will protect the eel –
an analysis of the steering modelsgoverning the eel across Europe
Willem . Dekker @ SLU . SE
Department of Aquatic ResourcesInstitute for Freshwater Research
Sveriges lantbruksuniversitetSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Tuesday 2016-05-31 – London, Fishmongers Hall
Sargasso
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
1950 1960 1970 1980
# ee
ls in
trap
Eel trap at Skallböle, Ljungan, C-Sweden
← 1
950
Skal
lböl
eda
m b
uilt
1982 Viforsendam
built →2 eels1 eel
C. Puke, Svensk Fiskeri Tidskrift 1955 – Uppsamling och transport av ålyngel i nedre Norrland
Hydropower in Ljungan Hydropower in Sweden
Thousands of hydropower stations
And pumping, and …
Half of catch numbers is illegally exported10 000 fishers
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Gla
ss e
el re
crui
tmen
t ind
ex
(log-
scal
e)
0
10
20
30
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Prod
uctio
n ×
1000
ton
Fishery AquacultureRestock
Stock indicators 2015
cur.
best40%
prist.
100 000 tLegend
30
40
50
60
-10 0 10 20 30
2015
Eels in crisis Dekker 2003
Seeberg et al. 2015
Demand EU to stop eel fishing
What do we want?
Do we understand?
Who takes action?
Sjöstrand & Sparholt 1996
Understood, certain
Shared
Shared
Typology of Steering Models
ValueConflict
AwkwardDrifting
Utopia
Clash ofInterests
Unclear, risky
Agr
eeD
isag
ree
Power
Central
Central
GoalsKnowledge
FullControl The boss
is
Why nobody loves me?
DisorientedPower
Voß et al 2007 Steering for sustainable development ... J. Env. Policy & Planning
CollectiveAction
BlindGoliath
♫
What do we want?
COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1100/2007of 18 September 2007
establishing measures for the recovery of the stock of European eel
Article 1Subject-matter
1. This Regulation establishes a framework for the protection and sustainable use of the stock of European eel
ProtectionRecovery
Sustainable use
Do we understand?
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Gla
ss e
el re
crui
tmen
t ind
ex (l
og-s
cale
)
AdCP AdTC Albu AlCP Ebro Ems GiCPGiSc GiTC Imsa Katw Lauw Loi MaigMiPo MiSp Nalo RhDO RhIj Ring SeHMSevN Stel Tibe Vida Vil YFS2 Yser
0
10
20
30
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Prod
uctio
n ×
1000
ton
Fishery AquacultureRestock
Hans Lübbert1908
Bolesław Dąbrowski1952
Hermann Haack1871
Baron de Rivière1840
Little left Good old times
Fully protectedUnprotected
Dynamics not really understood
Climate impact not really understood
Research takes ages…
protect
recover
We cannot recover the eel stock,
but we can protect every bit of it, now!
EU
Uniform protective action
Common actions- Closed season- Min. legal size- Quotum
Local management, no protection
Who takes action?Distributing control
Horizontal communication not
effective
EU
Uniform protective action
Common actions- Closed season- Min. legal size- Quotum
Principle of bounded rationality
Who takes action?Distributing control
Horizontal communication not
effective
EU
Uniform protective action
Common actions- Closed season- Min. legal size- Quotum
Goals2007
Implement2009 …
Plan2008
Evaluate2013
Monitor2009 …
Assessment2012
Principle of bounded rationality
National implementation
Local action in the field
Common goal
Who takes action?Distributing control
Upward communi
cation stepwise
Mismatch between actions & advice,
no feedback!
Downward communic
ation stepwise
Understood, certain
Shared
Shared
ValueConflict
AwkwardDrifting
Utopia
Clash ofInterests
Unclear, risky
Agr
eeD
isag
ree
Central
Central
FullControl The boss
is
Why nobody loves me?
DisorientedPower
CollectiveAction
BlindGoliath
♫
Traditional, uncoordinated management
old
Centralised, authorative managementDistributed protection, Eel Regulation
short
long
Distributing control andorchestration are the keyto deal with extreme complexity.
Why nobody loves me?
The bossis
♫
When leaving this room, pleasetake all your belongings with you,and remove your coffee cups.I will switch off the light.
You
Me
Thank you, and good luck!
