wfm%a,a 2005

nDDlsxia wdh;kh - nr®ka úYaj úoHd,hwNHka;r wj;ekaùï ms<sn| jHdmD;sh

wNHka;r wj;ekaùï weu;Su

cd;sl j.lSu i|yd ie,iqula

uq,a msgqfõ PdhdrEmh( kef.kysr ;sfudarfha wNHka;r j wj;eka jQ ckhdf.a kej; meñ”u

PdhdrEmh - ukdgqfgda/UNHCR úisks

fmrjok

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

uy f,alï ksfhda‚; fjda,agr® ld,Ska úisks

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka Tjqfkdjqkaf.a rgj,aj, udhsï ;=<u m†xÑj isákd neúkao

tu rgj, rdcHhka hgf;A mj;akd wêlrKhg iy md,khg Tjqkaa hg;aj

isákd neúkao" Tjqkaf.a wdrlaIdj yd wdOdr Woõ wjYH;djka imqrd,Sfï m%d:ñl

j.lSu r|d mj;afka Tjqkaf.au cd;sl wdKavqj u;hs' §wNHka;r wj;ekaùu i|yd jk

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s yd uQ,Or®u¶ wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a ysñlï yd fujeks ck

fldgia flfrys tu rdcHj, wksjdr®h hq;=lï jYfhka mj;akd foa iDcqju b†˙m;a

lrñka fï nj ikd: lrhs' cd;sl j.lSï ;=< we;s úh hq;= m%;sM, jvd meye†,sj f;areï

.ekSu i|yd tajd úfYaI ieliqula ,ndfohs'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ksid mek k.sk .egÆj,g uqyqK ° tajd úi£u i|yd iq≥iq

wä;d,ula ms<sfh< lr th jeä †hqKq lrñka" iM, jQ cd;sl m%;spdrhla ksr®udKh ls¯u

i|yd fï m%;sm;a;Ska yd uQ,Or®uhka odhl úh hq;=h' fuu lr®;jHh Wfoid rdcHhkag

iydh °u msKsi wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn|j f.dv k.k ,≥j we;s nr®ka úYaj úoHd,Sh

nDDlsxia wdh;k jHdmD;sfha Wm wOHlaIsldj jk t˙ka uQks uy;añh úiska cd;sl j.lSfuys

we;=<;ajk m%;sm;a;suh m%ñ;Ska tlu ,shú,a,lg f.dkq lrk ,†' fï tla tla m%ñ;shla

u.ska wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck.ykhka flfrys ta ta rdcHhka úiska is≥l< hq;= hq;=lï

is;d n,d ie,lSug Ndck ls¯ug .; yels tla tlaa mshjr ne.ska i,l=Kq lr ms<sìUq

lrhs'

;u ;ukaf.a cd;sl ;;a;ajhkaj,g .e<fmk fia" tu rdcHhka úiska iq≥iq w†hrhka

ms<sfh< lr .; hq;=j we;s w;r" fuh lsysm wdldrhlg l<;a" tajd wNHka;r wj;eka jQ

ckhd isákakdjQ wNHka;r wj;ekska mSvd ú¢k iEu rglgu fmd≥ jkakla nj Tmamq úh

hq;=h' tkï tu rdcHhka úiska i,ld ne,Sug ,la l< hq;= úfYAIs; jQ jev ms<sfj<j,a

lSmhls(

1' wj;eka ùu j<lajd,Su fyda wvq ls¯u'

2' fuu ≥IAlr ldrKh fyda .egÆj .ek we;s cd;sl wjOdkfha uÜgu by<

kexùu'

3' wj;eka jQjkaf.a ixLHd f;dr;=re iy ;;a;ajhka .ek o;a;hka tla /ia

lr.ekSu'

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4' wNHka;r wj;eka ùu yd §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶a .ek mqre≥ mqyqKq

ùug rel=,a °u'

5' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;Ska ;yjqre lrk cd;sl kS;suh ieleiaula

ksr®udKh lsrSu'

6' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla wdrïN lr †hqKq ls¯u'

7' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd wdh;ksl kdNSh ,laIHhla kï lr m;alr

.; hq;= ùu'

8' cd;sl udkj ysñlï iïnkaO jev lghq;=j, fhfok wdh;k wNHka;r

wj;eka ùu ;u lghq;= i|yd tlalr .ekSug †˙u;a ls¯u'

9' fuu .egÆjg i˙,k ishÆ Wmdh Wml%u iy iïm;a fidhd kï lr fjka

lr°u'

10' ;SrK .ekSfï° tA i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh ,nd .ekSu

iqrlaIs; lr.ekSu'

11' wj;eka jQjka i|yd †.=l,a mej;Sf.k hk úi∫ï we;akï tajdg †˙° iydh

ùu'

12' óg wu;rj" wj;eka jQjkaf.a Wjukd tmdlï iy wjYH;djka flfrys

wjOdkh fhduq lr tajd wduka;%Kh lsrSug cd;sl Od˙;dfjys ysÛhla we;s

úg" cd;Hka;r m%cdj iu. iyNd.s;ajfhka l%shd ls¯u cd;sl m%;sm;a;sfhys

uq,au yd m%d:ñl jia;= ud;%h úh hq;=h'

wNHka;r wj;ekaùu hk .egÆjg uqyqK md isák rgj, rdcHhkaj,g tu wdmodjg

iEu wdldrhgu uqyqK ° Woõ ls¯ug;a th wduka;%Kh ls¯ug;a Woõ ls¯u fuu cd;sl

j.lSfï ieliqu u.ska wfmalaId flfr®' ;j ≥rg;a th" cd;Hka;r ixúOdko m%dfoaYSh

uKAv,o cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;ko isú,a iudch iy tu wj;eka jQjka ygo n,h yd

Yla;sh mej¯fuka fld;rï ≥rg yd fld;rï m%udKhla ldr®h idOlj yd iM, Ndjhlska

cd;sl j.lSu fhdojd we;aoehs ;lafiare lr.ksñka" wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka

yd Tjqkg mlaIj m%h;ak orkakd jQ moku njg m;aùug †˙†h hq;=h'

ksfhda‚;hdf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j jkqfha" fuu m%ldYkfha wvx.= ù we;s w†hrhka

rdcHhka úiska b;d ie,ls,af,ka iy wjOdkfhka úfõpkh lr m¯laId lr n,d"

wNHka;r wj;eka i|yd b;d idr®:lu yd iM,Shl l%u l%shd;aul lrùug u. fmkaùuls'

odhl rdcHhka fyda wdOdr fok rdcHhkao" cd;sl j.lSfuys WÉp ;;a;ajh fyda m%ñ;sh

m¯laId lr ne,Sfuka" wj;eka m%Yak iys; rdcHhkaj,g uqo,ska Woõ wdOdr °fï ;SrKhka

.ekSu m%d:ñl jia;=ud;%h úh hq;=hs'

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mgqk

ye¢kaùu $ 5

wNHka;r wj;eka ms<sn| udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s $ 7

cd;sl m%;spdrhl uQ,sl iy mdol .;s,laIK $ 9

cd;sl j.lSfuys m%ñ;s $ 12

1' j<lajd,Su $ 12

2' .egÆj fyda m%Yakh ms<sn| cd;sl wjOdkh by< kexùu $ 13

3' o;a; /ia ls¯u $ 14

4' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï ms<sn| mqyqKqj $ 15

5' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï k.d isgqùu i|yd

cd;sl kS;suh ieliqula $ 16

6' wNHka;r wj;eka ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shdoduhl ie,iqula $ 17

7' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd cd;sl ixia:d.; flakaøia:dkhla $ 18

8' cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;khka i|yd N+ñldjla $ 19

9' ;SrK .ekSu ;=< wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh $ 20

10' l,a mj;sk úi∫ï $ 22

11' m%udKj;a Wmdh iy iïm;a $ 24

12' cd;Hka;r iy m%dfoaYSh ixúOdk iu. iyfhda.h $ 24

ksudj $ 27

wjidk igyka $ 28

Wm.%ka:h ( wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s $ 29

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ye¢kaùu

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" Tjqkaf.a rgj,a ;=<u /£ isák fyhska cd;Hka;r kS;sh

;=< ;yjqre lrk ,o m%;sm;a;Skaj,g wkql+,j" Tjqfkdjqkaf.a rdcHhkaj,ska

,efnk wdrlaIdj iy Woõ" Wmldr" wdOdr N=la;s ú¢k nj" ks;ru biau;= lrk

fyd| yeá ms<s.;a fohls' i;Hfhkau rdcHhka úiska ks;r mdfya ;rfha lshd isák

fohls wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck.ykhkaf.a iqN isoaêh yd iqrlaIs; Ndjh Tjqka u; /£

we;s uq,au j.lSu nj' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd Woõ wdOdr ,nd°u yd Tjqkg

wdrlaIdj ,nd °u hk ta j.lSu" m<uqj iy wka ish,a,kag fmr rπ mj;afka Tjqkaf.a

cd;sl wêld¯ka iu. jk w;r th §wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶

;=< ms<sìUq lrk ,o yrh iys; ixl,amhls ^Wm.%ka:h n,kak&' ta u.ska wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka iy tu rdcHhka Tjqka flfrys l< hq;= hq;=lï meye†,s ls¯ula lrk w;r

fuh wNHka;r wj;eka fj; cd;Hka;r iN m%dfoaYSh iómùïj,g u. fmkajk yrh

iys; ixl,amhls'

tkuq;a wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys jk cd;sl j.lSu hkq ksYaÑ;ju l=ulao@

th flfia uek .; yelso@ th flfia m%jr®Okh lr .; yelso@ th flfia Yla;su;a lr

.; yelso@ thg flfia iydh †h yelso@

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd jk cd;sl j.lSï bgq ls u iïmQr®K lr .ekSug kï

fuu m%Yak wduka;%Kh ls u b;d jeo.;ah' fuu j.lSu bIag ls fï° rdcHhkaj,g u.

fmkaùï i|yd ;lafiare lr.;yels or®Yk fyda m%ñ;Ska wjYHh' ;lafiarej i|yd wdrïNhla

fia" th M,odhS f,i l%shdjg fhdojk ,oo hkak oek .; hq;=h' fuu mdr®Yajhg" §cd;sl

j.lSu i|yd ieliqu¶la fyda ksis jev ms<sfj<la ms<s.ekafõ' wNHka;r wj;ekaùu weu;Su

i|yd m%ñ;Ska fï u.ska meye†,s fõ' úfYAIfhkau" wNHka;r wj;ekaùu i|yd cd;sl j.lSï

bgq lr .ekSug rdcHhka úiska wkq.ukh l< hq;= uq,auh w†hr 12la y∫kd f.k we;(

1' wj;eka ùu j<lajd,Su yd wi;=gqodhl m%;sM, wju ls¯u'

2' m%Yakh iïnkaOj cd;sl wjOdkh by< uÜgulg f.k tau'

3' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ixLHdj iy ;;a;ajh .ek o;a; tl;= ls¯u'

4' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï ms<sn| mqyqKq ls¯ug rel=,a °u'

5' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï ia:ßr ls¯u i|yd kS;suh ieliqulA ms<sfh<

ls¯u'

6' wNHka;r wj;ekaùï ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla f.dv ke.Su'

7' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag ixia:d.; flakaøSh ia:dkhla kshu ls¯u'

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8' cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;khka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka iïnkaO ldr®hhka

;u wdh;khka yd talShlrKh ls¯ug †˙u;a ls¯u'

9' ;SrK .ekSfï° wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh we;s lr .ekSug j.

n,d .ekSu'

10' l,amj;akd úi∫ïj,g wdOdr" iydh °fuka rel=,a °u'

11' m%Yakhg wjYH m%udKhg Wml%u iy iïm;a fjka lr .ekSu'

12' cd;sl Od˙;dj ySk ù we;akï fyda fkdiEfyk úg cd;Hka;r m%cdj iu.

iyfhda.s;ajfhka l%shd ls¯u'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùfï ;;a;ajhka ;=<" cd;sl j.lSï imqrd,Su i|yd" l%shdld¯;ajh

i|yd ieliqula ia:dmkh ls¯u" fuu m%ñ;Skaj, tl;=jlska is≥fõ'

§cd;sl j.lSu i|yd ieliqu¶ hkafkys lr®;jHh jkqfha" wNHka;r wj;eka ùï

we;s rgj, rdcHhkaj,g" Tjqkaf.a wj;eka jQ ck.ykh flfrys is≥ l< hq;= fhduq ls¯ï

iy hq;=lï imqrd,Sfï° ksis iy iq≥iq u.fmkaùï ,nd°uh' fï wkqj wNHka;r wj;eka

ùï ;=< we;sjk ;;a;ajhkaj,°" rdcHhka u.ska .; yels úi∫ï w†hr lSmhla y∫kd

.ekSu fuys m%d:ñl oelauhs' fï yd iu.u" jeo.;a N+ñldj" iy iuyr wjia:dj,°

wfkl=;a l%shd lrkakjqkaf.a j.lSï" tkï cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;k" m%dfoaYSh u~qÆ"

cd;Hka;r ixúOdk" m˙;Hd. lrkakka iy isú,a iudch hkdosh úiska wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka yg wdrlaIdj yd Woõ wdOdr °fuka iydh ùu jeks cd;sl wêld¯kaf.a j.lSï

imqrd ,Su Wkka≥ lrjñka" Yla;su;a ls¯u" fuu ieliqu u.ska w.h flfr®' tfia kï

fuu §ieliqfï¶ wNsm%dh jkafka cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iy ksfhda‚; wdh;k" m˙;Hd.

lrkakka" m%dfoaYSh u~qÆ" cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;k" isú,a iudch iy wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkau úiska cd;sl j.lSï wëlaIKh yd ;lafiare lr" fld;rï ≥rg fuu

ldr®hh idr®:lj yd M,odhSj fhdojk ,oafoa oehs n,d" tu.ska wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u i|yd mokula iys; mdlaIsl m%h;akhka ,nd °u i|yd fuh wúhla

f,i Ndú; ls¯uhs'

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wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn|

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd jk wdrlaIdj iy iydh hk ta m%d:ñl j.lSu"

Tjqkaf.a cd;sl wêld˙hka iu. rπ mj;sk §wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn|

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ tl †.gu wjOdrKh lrk" iydh ° Yla;su;a lrk

f;audj" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï iy rchkag Tjqka flfrys we;s j.lSï iy

hq;=lï meye†,s lrhs' rdcHhkaj, b,a,Su u; ilia flreKq" udkj ysñlï fldñifï

iy tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd /iaùfï fhdackd ;=< m%ldY lr we;s mrs† cd;sl j.lSu

fkdmeyer ye˙h yels f,i wjYH úh hq;af;a l=ulgo hkak jgyd .ekSu i|yd" m%dudKsl

jQ ieliqula m%;sm;a;s 30lska ,nd fohs' i;Hfhkau f,dj jgd rdcHhka wNHka;r wj;eka

;;a;ajhka we;sùu i|yd §m%;sm;a;Ska¶ w;HjYH wúhla iy iïuq;shla f,i ms<s.kakd

w;r" m%dka; rdcHhka fuh b;d mqΩ,aj jHdma; ls¯ug iy Ndú; ls¯ug †˙ .kajk ,≥j

we;'1

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶j,g wkqn, °u iy jHdma; ls¯u" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a ysñlï iy úfYAI wjYH;djka y∫kd .ekSu i|ydo fuu ck;dj flfrys"

rdcHh i;= hq;=lï Yla;su;a ls¯u i|yd o b;d jeo.;a udr®.hla jkq we;'

mgka .ekAula jYfhka" §m%;sm;a;Ska¶ m%dfoaYsl NdIdj,g m˙jr®;kh lr m%dfoaYsl yd

cd;sl ks,Od¯ka" rdcH fkdjk l%shdldrlhka iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g mqΩ,aj

fnod ye˙h hq;=h' fï yer cd;Hka;r kS;Hkql+, uÜgï úoydmdk §újrK¶o tu újrK

u; mokïj we;s m%;sm;a;Ska l%shd;aul lrùu i|yd wjYH m%dfhda.sl wä;d,u we;=<;a

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska l%shdfõ fhoùfï w;afmd;¶ o by< lS wdldrhgu m˙jr®;kh

l< hq;=h'2

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ iy cd;Hka;r udkqISh wdh;khkaj, uÜgu o m%;sm;a;Ska

mokïjk udkj kS;sho hk lreKq ms<sn| mqyqKq ls¯fï ieis" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

ysñlï u; we;s úh hq;= wjOdkh by< kexùfï° o rchkaj, iy fjk;a wêld¯kaj,

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys ;sìh hq;= j.lSï by< kexùfï°o b;d jeo.;a" jákd

lulska hq;a" nj Tmamq l< yels h'

wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| iïuka;%K ixúOdkh ls¯u §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶

.ek oekqu yd wjOdkh by< kexùug Woõlrk ;j;a l%uhls' fujeks iïuka;%K

W;aidy l< hq;af;a" ia:dkSh" m%dfoaYSh" iy cd;sl rcfha ks,Od¯ka" m%dfoaYSh rcfha

fkdjk ixúOdk iy wfkl=;a isú,a iudc lKavdhïo" cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iy wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a m%cdj ksfhdackh lrkakjqkao tlg tla/ia lrjd" wNHka;r wj;ek

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hkafkys fjk;a fjk;a wdldrhka yd or®Ykhka" §m%;sm;a;s¶uh jYfhka idlÉPd ls¯ug

yd" taldnoaO Wmdh yd Wml%u †˙u;a lrñka" m%Yakh fyda .egÆj weu;Sugh'

óg wu;rj §m%;sm;a;Ska¶ úiska is≥lrk ,o ;j;a ldr®hhla jkqfha" b;d jeo.;a

ieliqula f,i fjk;a fjk;a rgj, fkdfhl=;a ;;a;ajhka wëlaIKh ls¯uh'

wNHka;r wj;ek weu;Sug wjYH l%shd udr®. iy cd;sl kS;s f.dvke.Sug wjYH

u.fmkaùu ,nd °u fuu §m%;sm;a;Ska¶ u.ska is≥lrk ;j;a oE fjhs'

tf,iu" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a úi∫ï iys; fhdackd u.ska" rchkaj,g Tjqkaf.a wNHka;r

wj;eka jQ ck.ykh fj; wdrlaIdj yd iyk iydh ,nd °ug †˙ °" §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;s¶ ie,ls,a,g .ksñka cd;sl kS;s iy l%shd udr®. f.dv k.d .ekSug †˙u;a

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iuia;hla jYfhka .;a úg §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ wNHka;r wj;eka ùug we;s

cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r m%;spdrhkag mokula jk m%dudKsl ieliqula b†˙m;a lrhs'

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cd;sl m%;spdrhl uQ,sl iy mdol .;s,laIK

cd;sl m%;spdrhla" wr®: oelaùula f,i .; fyd;a" wNHka;r wj;ekaùïj,o" wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a lKavdhïj,o" iEu ;;a;ajhkau" úfõpkhlska fyda fjkia ls¯ulska

f;drj jdr®;d.; lr" wka;r®.; lr.ekSu wjYHh' úfYAIfhkau" fuhska yefÛkafka

wNHka;r wj;ekaùï i|yd cd;sl j.lSï" fjkia jQ wx.hka lsysmhlskau m˙mQr®K ùu

wjYH njh'

• ishÆu fya;= ( wdrdjq,a ;;a;ajhka ;=< fyda" jdr®.sl wr.,hka ;=< iy udkqISh

ysñlï W,a,x>kh ls¯ï o" iajdNdúl fyda ñksid úiskau we;s lrk ,o wdmodjka

fya;=fldg f.ko" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka isá ;ekaj,ska bj;a lrk ,o úgo"

ixjr®Ok jHdmD;s iy wfkl=;a fya;= u;o" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag wNHka;r

wj;eka i|yd jk cd;sl j.lSu wod< jkq we;' fjk;a jpkj,ska lshkafka kï"

wNHka;r wj;eka ùï wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd cd;sl j.lSu" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka f,i" tu wr®: oelaùug iq≥qiaika yeáhg §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ rduqj

;=<g we;=Ω jkakd jQ ishÆ fokdf.a hym; iy jdish ;ld l%shdjg kexúh hq;=hs'

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ ;=< wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka .ek fufia wre;a

olajhs( §''''' úfYAIfhkau ikakdy ikakoaO flda,dy, rKAvq onrj, m%;sM,j,g

uqyqK °fuka j<lsk msKsi" fmd≥ m%pKavld¯ ;;a;ajhka" udkj ysñlï

W,a,x>khla fyda iajdNdúl fyda ñksid úiskau is≥lrk ,o wdmodjka ksid

;ukaf.a mqre≥ jdi N+ñj,ska fyda ksfjiaj,ska n, ls ula fya;=fjka fyda Kh.e;s

fya;=jlska w;ayer m,dhEug is≥j we;s wh" iy cd;Hka;˙lj ms<s.;a foaYSh

udhsula ;rKh fkdl< flfkla'¶

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a wjYH;djka Tjqkaf.a wj;eka ùfï fya;=j u; fjkia

ùug wjldY we;s kuq;a" ishÆu wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" rcfha Woõ wdOdr yd

iydh o wdrlaIdjo ,eîug iq≥iaika nj ie,lSu jeo.;ah' tfia kï cd;sl j.lSï

hkq" wj;ekaùu fudk fya;=jla u; is≥jkakg we;af;a jqj;a" lsisu fjkila fyda

fNaohlska f;drj" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg" m%udKj;a yd idOdrK wdOdr" Woõ

iyk ,efnk njg iy;sl lr .ekSuh'

• ishÆ lKavdhï ( wj;eka jQ ck.ykhka ;=< fkd;ld isáh fkdyels nyq;rhlau

ia;%S mlaIh iy <uqkah' Tjqka w;aolskakdjQ wjYH;djka jk úfYaI wdrlaIdj" úfYaI

wdOdr Woõ iy m%;sixl,k wjYH;d" yqre mqre≥ ms<sfj<lg u.yer ouk ,≥j yd

m%uqL;ajhlska wduka;%Khla fkdlr we;' fuhg;a jvd ;jo" wdOdr Woõ ,nd .ekSfï

msgqj 9

ia;%Ska iy <uqka" úfYAIfhkau .eyeKq <uqka" ks;r ks;r fjkialï iy fNaohkaj,g

uqyqK fokafka" Tjqkaf.au kñka ,shlshú,s we;sj;a" wOHdmkhg yd wdodhï Wmojk

jdisodhl ;;a;ajhkaj,g we;=Ω ùfï yelshdj we;=j;a" Tjqkaf.a b,a,Sï fyda

lkak,õj,g lka°u ,ndf.k;ah' cd;sl wêld˙hkA j.lSulska ne£ we;af;a" úfYaI

wdrlaIdj yd wdOdr Woõ ,nd †h hq;= wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck.ykhka w;fr®

jkakd jQ" úfYAI lKAvdhï j.n,d .ekSugh' tkï ksfjiaj, ia;%S kdhl;ajh"

ld;aljqre;a ke;s nd, jhialrejka" fkdyelsnj" úl,dx. nj" fyda ≥n,;dj we;a;jqka

iy jeäysáhka ie,lSug f.k wduka;%Kh lrkq ,eîugh'

wNHka;r wj;ek" .ïno ≥mam;a ckhdo hï m<d;lg muKla wdfõKsl jQ ck;dj

iy iqÆ;r ckjdr®.sl lKavdhï o u; iudkqmd;sl fkdfjk fia n,mdk iqúfYaIS

;;a;ajhls' wj;eka jQ miq" fuu fkdjeo.;a fia fldkalr ouk ,o lKAvdhï" ckjdr®.sl

fyda jdr®.sl fyda u;jdo ,laIK fya;=fjka" Woõ wdOdr iy wdrlaIdj m;d hEfï°" ks;ru

uqyqK fokakd jQ úfõpkh iy fjkialï ls u" Tjqkaf.a wirKNdjh fyda kEu fohlg

f.d≥re úh yels ùfï wj¯ku ;j ≥rg;a by< hjhs' NdId idOl fya;=fjka" rdcH

wêld¯ka iu. ikaksfõokh ls fï ≥Ialr;dj ksid" Tjqkaf.a whs;Ska mjd oek .ekSug

fkdyels jkq we;' óg;a jvd" hï m<d;lg muKla yqre mqre≥ jQ ck;dj .ek i,lk úg"

Tjqka ;u m%foaYhg we;s f,ka.;=lu yd is;a ne£u ksid" wj;eka ùu úfYAIfhkau ≥Ialr

lreKla jkq we;' wNHka;r wj;ekaùïj,g olajk cd;sl m%;spdrhka" fjkila fkdls fï

m%;sm;a;sfhka u. fmkajkq ,eìh hq;=h' we;af;kau" foaYSh ck;dfõ iuyr lKAvdhï"

Tjqkaf.a wdr®:ßl iy foaYmd,kuh cSú;j,ska fkrmd oeófï jeäùula we;s lrjk iudcuh"

wdr®:ßl iy foaYmd,kuh b˙ ;e<Sï iy fn°ï fya;=fjka is≥jk widOdrKlï iy

iudcuh fn°ï" m%cdjka folg brd oeóï ksid wj;ekaùu fmdaIKh ù jr®Okh ùug

úreoaOj úi∫ula" cd;sl m%;spdrh úiska fidhd.; hq;=h'

• ishÆu wjYH;d ( wNHka;r wj;ekaùu i|yd jk cd;sl j.lSu" tu .egΩj fyda

m%Yakh ieu wxYhlska yd wdldrhlskau wduka;%Kh l< hq;=h' wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a wjYH;djka jk wdydr" ms iq≥ c,h" ksjdi fyda /ljrKh" ffjoH wdrlaIdj

iy wfkl=;a udkqISh uQ,sl Woõ wdOdr .ek wjOdkh fh°u w;sYhskau jeo.;a

lreKls' ta flfia jqj;a" cd;sl m%;spdrhlg wjYH jkafka iy tys iM,;dj rπ

mj;skafka" talShlrKh lrk ,o m%fõYhka ;=<ska wdrlaIdj iy wdOdr Woõ wjYH;d

wduka;%Kh ls uls' iajdNdúl wdmod ;;a;ajhka ;=< jqj;a fuh i;H lreKla jkqfha"

weig fmfkkakg we;s wjYH;djka tkï øjHuh foa w;HjYHu fia fmkqk;a

fudkjd ke;;a nrm;< wdrlaIl m%Yak fyda is≥ùï mek ke.sh yels ksidh'

• ishÆu w†hr ( cd;sl j.lSu wj;efkys ishÆu w†hrhka yryd me;sr we;' fuhg

we;=<;a jkqfha" ys;=jlaldr f,i is≥jk wj;eka ùu j<lajd,ñka wj;eka jQ miq tu

10 msgqj

ckhdf.a iqrlaIs;Ndjh iy Y=N idOkh iy;sl lrñka" kej; talShlrKh ls u iy

kej; m†xÑ lrùu fyda ish leue;af;ka wdrlaIs;j kej; meñKSu jeks" Tjqka uQK md

isák wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhkag l,a mj;sk úi∫ï ;;a;ajhka ksr®udKh ls uh' wNHka;r

wj;ekajQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï i|yd .re;ajhla we;sùug j.n,d .ksñka" úIh ksY%s;

Wmudkh u; mokï jk ;SrK .ekSu l< hq;af;a §wNHka;r wj;ekaùu wjika jQ úgh'¶4

• ishÆu rcfha YdLd iy wod< uÜgï ( wjxlj iy i;Hj cd;sl ùug kï rchla

wNHka;r wj;ek flfrys olajk m%;spdrh rcfha ishÆ uÜgïj,° ms<sìUq úh hq;=h'

ia:ßrfhkau" wNHka;r wj;ekaùu flfrys rcfhka ,efnk m%;spdrh yev.eiaùu

k.rfha ks,Od¯ka w;ska is≥flfrk Yla;su;a lr®;jHhla ùu ksielh' ta flfia

fj;;a" m%dfoaYSh iy ia:dkSh uÜgïj,°" wj;eka jQ ck.ykhka iu. jvd iDcq

iïnkaOlulska isàfï jeä yelshdjla we;s wêld¯ka ygo" m%foaYh ;=< cd;sl j.lSu

M,odhS f,i bIag lrk njg" j. n,d .ekSfï ;SrKd;aul yd b;d jeo.;a lr®;jHhla

we;' óg wu;rj" foaYmd,k mdr®Yajhka" ixjr®Okh" wOHdmkh" ksjdi fhdackd l%u"

fi!LHh" udkj ysñlï" udkj iqN idOkh hk wdxY o we;=Ωj" cd;sl m%;spdrhlg

wjYH jkafka rcfha ishÆu wod< YdLdj, wdOdr Woõj, tl;=jls' wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.A ldhsl fyda iajdNdúl wdrlaIdj .ek iqúfYAIS jQ j.lSï /ila ;s%úO yuqodjg

iy fmd,Sishg mej¯ we;s nj úfYAIfhkau i|yka l< hq;=h'

• ishÆu mSvdjg m;a jQ m%foaY( úfYAIfhkau wNHka;r ikakdy ikakoaO .eàï

;;a;ajhkaj,°" tu rfgys ishÆu m<d;a wdjrKh lrñka ta ;;a;aj iM,j md,kh

ls¯fï yelshdj rchkag fkdue;s ùug mqΩjk' f,dj jgd ñ,shk .Kka wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka" rcfha wdOdr Woõ yd wdrlaIdj hg;g fkdmeñKsh yels fyhska"

rdcH fkdjk ue†y;alrejkaf.a md,kh hgf;a we;s m<d;aj, olakg ,efí' cd;sl

j.lSï iM,j;aj ls%hdfõ fhoùug wjYH jkafka" Tjqka Ndr.ekSug fyda wvq ;rñkaa

m%fõY ùfï n,h i|yd Tjqka ork W;aidyhkag myiqlï iemhSu" yd fuu wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkag wdOdr Woõ iy wdrlaIdj iemhSuh' fuu fmfoiaj, udkj ys;jd°

wjldYhka t<s .ekaùfuka" rcfha fkdjk l%shdlrk wdh;k ygo Tjqkaf.a j.lSï

.ek isys.ekaùula is≥flfrkq we;( cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° ksS;sh hgf;a iy

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶j,skao" wNHka;r wj;ekaùug wdrlaIdj yd Woõ wdOdr

iemhSu Tjqkaf.a o j.lSï fõ' tfia kï" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh fyda m˙;Hd.

lrkakjqka" m,a,s lKAvdhï yd rcfha fkdjk ixúOdk" wdOdrhg n|jd f.k udkj

ys;jd° wjldY újD; lr.ekSu rchka f.a jeo.;a iy jákd ldr®hhla jkq we;'

rcfha fkdjk l%shdlrkakjqka hgf;a we;s m<d;aj, isákakdjqQ wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka yg wdrlaIdj yd Woõ wdOdr °u iy;sl lr .ekSfuka wjidkfha°" fuu

wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck.ykh ue†ù isák wr.,hka úiπ tajd fyd| m%;sM,j,g

fmr<Sug;a fï u.ska yelsh'

msgqj 11

14 msgqj

1

cd;sl j.lSfï m%ñ;s

§ud

r®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ ;=<" ° ;sfnk m%dudKsl ieliqfuka yd cd;sl

m%;spdrfhys uQ,sl .;s,laIK y∫kk úl,amsl ieliqfukq;a Tíng

f.dia" l=uk úfYAIs; jQ w†hrhka wNHka;r wj;ekaj, .egÆ

wduka;%Kh ls¯ug cd;sl j.lSug fkdmeyer ye˙h yels f,i Wjukd fõo hkak"

meye†,s lr .ekSfï wjYH;djka we;' cd;sl j.lSfuka" ia:ßr or®Ykhla fyda m%ñ;shla

i;Hfhkau y∫kd .; yels h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;Ska wdrlaId ls¯u iy

cd;sl j.lSu M,∞hS f,i ls%hdfõ fhoùu iy;sl lr .ekSu i|yd rchkag úfYAIs; jQ

iy m%Odk jQ uQLH w†hrhka 12la we;' iúia;rdldr ,ehsia;=jla fkdjqK;a" fuu m%ñ;sj,

wvx.= cd;sl j.lSï y∫kd .ekSfï m%Odk mshjrhka rdcHhka úiska .kq ,enqK fyd;a

wNHka;r wj;ek i|yd jk Woõ wdOdr iy wdrlaIdj i|yd jeo.;a m%;sM, ,nd °ug

bv we;'

je<elaùu

m%:ufhka iy m<uqfjka je<elaùu we;' úia;r jYfhka meye†,s lrk ,o §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;s¶j,ska 5-9 m%;sm;a;s& rchkaj,g mej¯ we;s j.lSu kï" ck.ykhkaf.a wj;eka

úh yels m%dka; ;=< we;s úh yels ;;a;ajhka u. yerùu yd je<elaùfukao je<elaúh

fkdyels wj;ek wju ls¯fuka o tajdfha wi;=gqodhl m%;sM, wvq ls¯u;a" is≥jk ´kEu

wj;eka ùula ta wjia:djg wjYH ld,h blaujd hdug bv fkd°ug j.n,d .ekSu;ah'

úfYAIfhkau wyUq f,i f;dard.kq ,enQ wj;ekska mqoa.,hka wdrlaId l< hq;=h'

udkj ysñlïj,g .re lrk m˙irhla f.dv ke.Su" cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° kS;s ;=<ska

wk;=re weÛùïj,g iy ;r®ckhkag uqyqK md isák ck;dj wdrlaId ls¯ug blauka

m%;spdr hdka;%Khka jeks foa Ndrf.k l%shdfõ fhoùu rdcHhkag mejfrk b;d jeo.;a

lr®;jHhkah'

ñksiqkaf.a wj;ek .ek .kakd jQ ´kEu ;SrKhla kS;Hkql+, ùug kï" ;;ajhkag

uqyqK ° 7 jk §m%;sm;a;sfhys¶ úia;rd;aulj meye†,s lr we;s fia j.lSfuys iy;sl

jQjka iu. tlÛ ù" tho we;=<;a jk m˙†" we;s l< yels ishÆ m%dfhda.sl fjkia ls¯ï

m<uqfjkau fida†isfhka fidhd ne,sh hq;=h' wj;eka jQjka i|yd iq≥iq kjd;eka we;ao

hk njg" lsishï fyda wdrlaIdj" fmdaIKh" fi!LHh iy ikSmdrlaIdj hk ;;a;ajhka

u; wdjrKhla ,nd we;ao hk j.g" iy tlu mjqf,a idud‚lhska fjka fkdlrk ,o

njg;a" wêld˙hka iy;sl ùug mshjr .; hq;=h' wdmodjka fyda ikakoaO wr.,hka

12 msgqj

msgqj 15

2

fya;=fjka y†is kS;sh we;s ;;a;ajhkaj, yer wj;eka ùu is≥jkafka kï" cd;sl wêld¯ka

u.ska my; i|yka mshjr .ekSu wjYHh(

wj;ekaùu wkqu; lrñka .kakd ,o ksYaÑ; ;SrKhla" ta jeks kS;suh mshjrla

.ekSfï n,h we;a;d jQ rdcH wêld˙hla úiska .kq ,en we;s njg iy;sl lr .ekSu·

wj;eka jQjkag Tjqkaf.a wj;ekaùfï fya;+ka iy wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%shd ms<sfj<j,ao

jka† f.ùfï iy wΩ;a ia:dkhla kej; msysgqùfï° wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%shd

mámdáhkao" l%shdfõ fh†h yels ia:dk fj; oelaùu·

wj;eka ù isákakd jQ whf.ka ta .ek oekqj;alu iy wjOdkh o iy;slj fok

leue;a; o ,nd .ekSu·

wj;eka ùug ,la jQjka" úfYaIfhkau ia;S%ka Tjqkaf.a wΩ;a ia:dkfha l%shd ms<sfj<j,a

ie,iqï lr.ekSfuys;a th yiqrejd .ekSfuys;a fhoùu lr" iM,j;a ms<shula

,nd.ekSu flfrys wj;eka jQ ck;djf.a whs;sh /lSug iy;sl lr.ekSu'

ishÆ m%;sm;a;Skag by<ska jk m%;sm;a;shla f,i" wj;eka jQjkaf.a iqrlaIs;Ndjh"

ksoyi" wNsudkh iy „jk whs;Ska W,a,x>kh fkdjk fia wj;ek lrf.k hd hq;=h'

óg wu;rj" wj;eka jQjka" hï m%foaYhlg wdfõKsl jQ lKAvdhï f,io" iqÆ;r lKAvdhï

f,io" f.dú yd lDIsldr®ñl fyda .eñ lKavdhï f,io" msáirno „ú;hg yqre jqKq

lKAvdhï f,i iy ;u hg;a m%foaYhg we;a;d jQ ;o f,ka.;=lula iys; lKavdhï

f,io fn° we;s w;r" Tjqkaf.a wj;ekg úreoaOj Tjqkg wdrlaIdj iemhSfï úfYAIs; jQ

j.lSï iys; rdcld˙hla rdcHhka i;=j we;'

.egÆj .ek cd;sl wjOdkh by< kexùu

wNHka;r wj;ekaùu is≥jk úg" ;u m%foaYfha tu .egÆ mj;sk nj;a" th wduka;%Kh

ls¯fuys uQ,sl mshjr ;ud i;= nj;a ms<sf.k tu.ska iM,jQ cd;sl m%;spdrhla ,nd .ekSu

rdcHfha j.lSu hs' wNHka;r wj;eka ùula rdcHhla úiska y∫kd.;a nj;a ms<s.;a nj;"a

ta wkqj wj;eka jQjkaf.a wjdikdjka; .egÆ ;;a;ajh wduka;%Kh ls¯u tys mru j.lSu

nj;a" m%isoaO WÉpdrKh u.skao udOH Ndú;fhka yd rch úiska f.dvk.k ,o Wml%u

;=<skao wj;eka ck.ykhg oekaùfï l%u iuyrls' hï rdcHhla §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶

ms<s.ekSu yd Ndú;h u.ska b;d jeo.;a f,i fmkajd isákafka wj;eka jQjkaf.a úfYAI

wjYH;djka y∫kd .ekSu iy rdcH j.lSu wkqj Tjqkaf.a ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u yd

Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls¯uh'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùula .ek y∫kd .ekSug kï .egÆj iïnkaOj cd;sl wjOdkh

msgqj 13

16 msgqj

3

k.d isgqùu" wj;eka ùug ;=vq fok m%Yakh .ek cd;sl tlÛ;djla f.dv ke.Su yd

cd;sl m%uqL;djla jk wr®nqoh wduka;%Kh ls¯ug W;aidy ls¯u wjYH fõ' wj;eka jQjka

iu. cd;sl iyfhda.s;djla f.dv ke.Su w;a fkdyer l< hq;=h' fuh Tjqkaf.a wdrlaIdjg

b;d jeo.;a jk w;r" wNHka;r wj;ekajQjka fndfyda wjia:dj, ys yer ú¢k ckjdr®.sl"

jdr®.sl iy u;jdo is≥ùï ksIaM, ls¯ugo b;d jeo.;a fõ' fuu ,laIK" wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka jeä wjodkulg ;,aÆ lrk w;r" wjYH;d okajd isàfuka Tjqyq j<lajd"

woDYHudk .;sh ;j;a jeälr" fldka ù isàfï fya;=fjka kej; talShlrKhla we;s

ls¯u ≥Ialr lrhs'

cd;sl m%cdkkh by< kexùug .kakd W;aidyhg" ishÆu wod< wêld¯ka i|yd

ixfõ°lrK ixúOdk" hqo yuqodj iy fmd,Sish o" fmd≥ m%cdfjys n,mEï we;s m%foaYo

we;=<;a jk w;r wNHka;r wj;eka ùu wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd cd;sl j.lSu iudcfha

ishÆ u fldgia úiska l%shdfjys fhdojkq ,nk ixl,amhla njg m;a fõ' tjeks ixfõ°lrK

ixúOdk w;sYhskau M,odhS jkafka wj;eka m%cdjka iy kd.˙l iudcj,ska ,nd.kakd

Wmfoia u; f.dvkef.k úgh'

we;af;kau wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn| fmd≥ f;dr;=re i|yd ksr; jk ixúOdkj,

jeo.;a fldgialrefjla" rdcH wêlrK ixfõ°lrKh ls¯u" m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk

ixúOdkhkays ldr®hh ;=< udkj ys;jd° iajNdjh fmd≥ m%cdjg jgyd °u" wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkg Woõ fok iy Tjqka fjkqfjka fyda mlaIj l;dlrk wfkl=;a kd.˙l

iudc lKAvdhï Tjqkaf.a Yd¯˙l iqrlaIs;Ndjh nrm;< wjodkulg ;nk ;;ajhka ;=<

mjd ks;ru fuu m%h;akhka oe¯ug ne£ isàu" l< hq;=hs'

o;a; tl;=j

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;Ska wdrlaId ls ug;a Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls ug;a

iM, jQ m%;sm;a;Ska iy jev igyka ie,iqï ls ug;a" Tjqkaf.a ;;a;ajhk"a ia:dkhka iy

ixLHdjka .ek úYajikSh f;dr;=re w;HjYH fõ' wj;eka jQjka w;˙ka úfYAI lKAvdhïj,

ksYaÑ; wjYH;djka ms<sn|j ,nd.kakd ,o Tjqkaf.a o;a;hka u; jhi" ,sx.sl jr®.SlrKh

iy wfkl=;a m%Odk or®Ylhka f,i fldgiaj,g fjkalr .ekSfuka" ksfjiaj, ia;%S kdhl;ajh"

ld;a ljqre;a ke;s l=vd <uhs" uyÆ wh" fkdyelshdj we;s wh" ckjdr®.sl iqÆ;rhska" iy

m%foaYhlg muKla wdfõKsl jQ wh m%udKj;a f,i wduka;%Kh l< yels fõ' ishÆu

wj;eka jQjka l|jqre ;=< fyda" ix.%yldrl mjq,a iu. fyda wka ckdjdi lrk ,o ia:dkj,

isáh;a" th Tjqka ishÆ foku wdjrKh l< hq;=h' wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a" fjkia fjkia

m%jr®.j,go wjOdkh †h hq;= w;r" hqoaOuh wr.,j,ska isá ;ekaj,ska bj;a lrkq ,enQ who"

jHdma; jQ m%pKav l%shd ksid udkqISh ysñlï W,a,x>kh ùfuka" iy iajdNdúl wdmodjka

14 msgqj

msgqj 17

4

fya;=fjka wj;eka jQjkao" ixjr®Ok jHdmD;Ska iy wfkl=;a fya;+ka ksid wj;eka jQ ck

fldgia o óg we;=<;ah' óg wu;rj" y†is ;;ajhka ;=< wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a f;dr;=re

muKla fkdj" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a wjYH;djka ld,h;a iu. fjkia jk ksid"

os.a.eiaiSï ksid l,a .; jQ wjia:d ;=< is≥jQ wj;ekaj, f;dr;=reo wΩf;ka ieliQ f;dr;=re

úh hq;=h' ler,sldr lKAvdhï úiska md,kh lr ,nk m<d;aj, „j;ajk wj;eka ck;djkaf.a

f;dr;=re o" tla/ia ls ug W;aidy l< hq;=h'

wj;eka jQjkaf.a o;a; tl;= ls fï m%h;akh fldhs wdldrfhka j;a Tjqkaf.a wdrlaIdj

iqrlaIs;Ndjh iy tyd fuyd hEfï ksoyi wk;=rg fy<d oeóula fkdúh hq;= njg

wjOdrKh l< hq;=h' úfYAIfhka wj;eka jQjkaf.a ;;a;ajh flfrys ixfõ° ùfï

wjYH;djla we;s jkafka Tjqkaf.a f;dr;=re okajd isàug Tjqka ;=< iqÆ fm<Uùula

muKla my< ùfuka ;uka .ek okajd isàug ìhla we;s jQjka fyda y˙hdldr iy ksjer†

,shlshú,s ;uka i;=j ke;s jQjka wj;eka ùu ;=< we;s ksidh' wj;eka jQjkag" Tjqkaf.a

ta wjdikdjka; ;;a;aajhka i|yd úi∫ï fidhd.ekSug Woõ ls¯u;a" wdrlaIdj iy Woõ

wdOdr °u;a" myiq yd idr®:l jk f,i f;dr;=re tla/ia ls¯fï lr®;jHh Woafhda.su;a

jQ iQodkulska ;sìh hq;=h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka .ek o;a; f;dr;=re /ia ls¯fï

ldr®hh i|yd ork m%h;akhg cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk o i;=

m<mqreoao iy úfYaI dkh o" foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdko" mr®fhaIK lrkakjqkao"

tu rdcHhkaa u.ska wdOdrhg n|jd .; yels h'

iuia;hla jYfhka .;a l," wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag wdOdr Woõ iy wdrlaIdj

,nd°fï m%h;akfhys jvd idr®:l;ajhla ,nd .ekSfï or®Ykhla we;sj" tu rfgys wj;eka

jQjkaf.a ixLHdj" wjYH;d iy ;;a;ajh hk lreKq .ek ukd wjfndaOhla iy meye†,s

rEmhla ,nd .ekSu b,lal lr .;a o;a; f;dr;=re fiùfï m%h;akhla ;sìh hq;=h'

tfyhska o;a; tla/ia ls¯fï m%h;akhka tu ldr®hh ms<sn|j w;sYhskau ie,iqïld¯

fõ' fmd≥ iudf,dapkhla fyda fjk;a m˙md,k wdrïNhla u.ska o;a; tla/ia ls¯ug

^,shdm†xÑ lrùfï l%shd ms<sfj< we;=Ω& wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka iyNd.s jQj;a" fkdjQj;a"

Tjqkaf.a rdcHhka úiska Tjqka yg ,nd fok wdrlaIdj iy Woõ wdOdr N=la;s ú£fï

kS;Hkql+, whs;Ska u; n,mEula ke;'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï ms<sn| mqyqKqj

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï .ek rdcH ks,Od¯kaf.a mqyqKqj" wj;ekajQjkag wdrlaIdj

yd Woõ wdOdr ,nd†fï j.lSu .ek ukd wjfndaOhla Tjqkag we;s nj iy;sl ls¯ug

w;HjYH fõ'

msgqj 15

18 msgqj

fuu j.lSï iM,j iïmQr®K ls¯ug rcfha Od˙;dj iy j. lsj yels m%udKh

f.dvke.Suo fuhska fldgils' úfYAIfhkau mqyqKq ls¯ï b,lal lr .; hq;af;a(

cd;sl uÜgfï rdcH m%;sm;a;s f.dv k.kakka

wj;eka jQjka iu. jvd iDcq ikaksfõokhla iy rdcH m%;sm;a;sh l%shdfõ fhoùfï

j.lSuo" lafIa;%fha jev igyka o" yd iïnkaO ia:dkSh iy m%dfoaYSh rdcH ks,Od¯ka

wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a wdrlaIdj .ek iy;sl ls¯fï uQ,sl N+ñldj wfmalaId

lrk ,oaojqkaa f,i yuqodj iy fmd,Sish

udkqISh ysñlï wdrlaId ls u iy udkj iqN idOk wdOdr i|yd j.lSï we;s ks,Od¯ka

iy wNHka;r wj;eka l|jqrej, l<ukdldrjreka

cd;sl udkqISh ysñlï wdh;kj, flduid˙iajreka iy ldr®h uKav,h

kS;s iïmdokh ixjr®Okfhys m%Odk ldr®hhka bgq lrk mdr®,sfïka;= uka;%Sjreka

rdcHhka úiska kd.˙l iudchka i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;Ska .eko

jeäfhkau jeo.;a jk wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag ;ukaf.au whs;Ska .ek oek.ekSfï

whs;sh .eko mqyqKq ùï i;=áka ms<s.; hq;=h'

mqyqKq ùï úiska" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï wduka;%Kh ls u;a" §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;Ska¶ ;=< f;areï lr we;s m˙os rdcHhka" wj;eka jQjka flfrys oelaúh hq;= j.lSu;a"

je<elaùfï isg l,a mj;sk úi∫ï fidhd .ekSug olajk y†is fyda blauka m%;spdr olajd

wj;ekl ishÆu w†hrhka wdjrKh ls u;a l< hq;=h' fuu .egÆ fyda m%Yak wdjrKh

ls u i|yd mqyqKq fldgila we;s w;r" rdcHhka ;ukaf.a wdrïNl mqyqKq ùï ls ug tu

mqyqKq fldgi weo .ekSu m%fhdackj;a jk nj jgyd .ekSu fyda mqyqKq ls u i|yd jev uqΩ

b,a,d isàu is≥ úh yelsh' i;Hfhkau wj;eka jQjkaf.a mqyqKqjla i|yd rdcHhla l<

b,a,Sulg m%;spdr olajñka fuu mqyqKq fldgi" m<uqfjkau f.dvk.k ,oafoa jr®I 1999

fkdr®ù‚hdkq irKd.;hskaf.a iNdfjys ñysu; wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a jHdmD;sh iy

udkqISh ysñlï ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ;dkdm;sjrhd úiskah'

rchka úiska .; yels mshjr wduka;%Kh ls¯ug mqyqKq ls¯u jeo.;a úh yels w;r"

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys cd;sl j.lSu iM,j bIAg ls¯u i|yd fjk;a m%;sm;a;s

f;dard .ekSfï ksoyi we;' fï yd iïnkaOj igyka lr.ekSu jeo.;a jk §jD;a;sfhys

kshef<kakka iy m%;sm;a;s ksr®udKh lrkakka i|yd ixl%uKh l<ukdlrKfhys

w;HjYH;djka¶ hkak ixl%uKh i|yd cd;Hka;r ixúOdkh úiska jr®Okh lrk ,o

w;r tys wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| mdGud,djla we;' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys

jk cd;sl j.lSu i|yd wduka;%Kfhys jeo.;alu" wjYH;dj wjOdrKh ls¯u iy

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶j, WÑ; Ndjh wjOdkhg ,lals¯ug wu;rj" fuu wOHhk

tallh u.ska y∫kd .ekSfuka miq úia;r flfrkafka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys"

16 msgqj

msgqj 19

5

rdcHhkag Tjqkaf.a j.lSu iïmQr®Kj imqrd,Sug .; yels uq,a mshjrhkah' ;j;a

WmfoaYd;aul úia;rhla jkqfha" fmd≥ rdcH u.ska lrk ,o m%ldYkhla jk fmd≥ rdcHfha

idud„h m%dka; rchka i|yd b†˙m;a flfrk §cd;sl fyd|u kshe<Sï¶ hkakhs' ;j

≥rg;a §weu˙ldfõ wNHka;r wj;ek¶ kï m%dfoaYSh iïuka;%Khla úiska m%dfoaYSh rdcHhka

i|yd cd;sl j.lSu u; l%shd flfrk mdol jHqyhg wkque;sh m< fl˙Ks'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï wkqu; ls fï cd;sl kS;Hkql+, jHqyh

m%Odkju yd uQ,slju wdrlaIdj kS;Hkql+, ixl,amhla neúka" cd;sl kS;Hkql+, mdol

ieliqula fyda uQ,sl l%uhla wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï wkqu; ls¯u iy tys

iudma;shg ldr®h udOHhla ùu" cd;sl j.lSfuys úfYaI iy jeo.;a ms<sìUqjhs' f,dalfha

ishÆu m%foaYj, we;s rgj,a ;=<" wNHka;r wj;ek u; is≥ flfrk kS;s iïmdokh

ms<s.ekSu" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a úia;r okajd isàug jeo.;a nj Tmamq ù we;af;a"

Tjqkaf.a ysñlï meye†,s lr okajd isàfuka iy Tjqka flfrys rdcHhka u.ska is≥úh hq;=

hq;=lï ia:dmkh ls¯fukah' wj;eka ùfuys úfYAIs; jQ w†hrhka ms<sn|j rdcHhka úiska

kS;s ms<s.ekSu" iuyr wjia:djkaj, is≥ lrk ,oafoa" kej; meñKSu iy wΩf;ka m†xÑ

lrùu" ms<smeosh hq;=j we;s wju m%ñ;Ska f,i fmkajñkah' wfkl=;a wjia:dj, wNHka;r

wj;eka ùu ms<sn| rdcHhka m˙mQr®K cd;sl kS;s ms<sf.k we;af;a wj;eka ùfuys ishÆ

w†hrhka wdjrKh lrñkah' §wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ iu.

oeka mj;sk cd;sl kS;s iïmdokfhys we;s wkql+,;dj úfõpkd;aulj ú.%y lr" ta wkqj

kS;Hkql+, iy m˙md,k kS;s¯;s m¯laId lr ixfYdaOkh ls¯u ;j;a fhdackdjla ù we;'

iuyr rgj, m%dfoaYSh kS;s lKavdhï iy rcfha fkdjk ixúOdk" §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;s¶j,g we;s újrKh u. fmkaùula f,i Ndú;d lrñka" Tjqkaf.a kS;s ud,djka"

§m%;sm;a;Ska¶ wkqj ms<sfh< ls¯ug ;u rdcHhka iu. tjeks iólaIK mj;ajd we;'

fldhs wdldrhl t<öula .;a;;a" wNHka;r wj;eka ùu .ek jk cd;sl kS;s

iïmdokh" cd;Hka;r uÜgï yd iu. tl fmf<a jeáh hq;= jkafka §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;Ska¶j, meye†,s lr we;s f,ih' we;af;kau f,dj mqrd rdcHhka" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

fhdackdjka ;=<ska §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ ie,lSug f.k" wNHka;r wj;eka jQ

ck.ykhka we;s m%dka;j,g Yla;su;a lrk ,o cd;sl kS;suh mdol jHqyhka f.dvke.Su

†˙u;a lr we;' fuu weu;Su m%dfoaYsl uÜgïj, fodaxldr ù we;af;a §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;Ska¶ iu. ksYaÑ; fhduqjlska wNHka;r wj;eka ùu u; cd;sl kS;Ska iy m%;sm;a;Ska

f.dvke.Sfï m%fhdackj;a wúhla f,i h' fuu m%h;akhkag wdOdr °ug wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï wdh;kfha uydf,alïf.a ksfhda‚;jrhd" wNHka;r wj;eka ùu

ms<sn| uQ,H lreKq y∫kd olajñka kS;Hkql+, u.fmkaùula ,ndfok" wNHka;r wj;eka

ùu i|yd we;s cd;sl kS;s iïmdokhg we;=<;a ls¯ug iy foaYfha fyda rfgys kS;S

msgqj 17

20 msgqj

6

iïmdolhska i|ydo" w;afmd;la b†˙m;a lrhs' fuu weu;Su m%dfoaYsl uÜgïj, fodaxldrù

we;af;a §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ ms<sn| f,alïf.a ksfhda‚;jrhd" wNHka;r wj;eka

ùï u; uQ,sl lreKq y∫kd olajñka" kS;Hkql+, u.fmkaùula ,ndfok wNHka;r wj;eka

ùï i|yd we;s cd;sl kS;s iïmdokhg we;=<;a ls ug yd foaYfha fyda rfÜ kS;s iïmdolhska

i|ydo w;afmd;a b†˙m;a lrhs'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shd ie,eiaula

cd;sl wj;eka ùï u; ms<s.ekqKq ksYaÑ; cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shd ie,eiaula wkqmQrl

jQj;a cd;sl kS;s iïmdokfhys mekùïj,g l%shdudr®.hla jkq we;' tkï" cd;sl wj;eka

ùï ms<sn|j jk" cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shd ie,eiaula b†˙m;a lrñka cd;sl iy

ia:dkSh ixia:d.; j.lSï i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka ùug m%;spdrh olajñka fjk;a fjk;a

rdcH fomdr®;fïka;=j, j.lSï iy lr®;jHhka úoyd olajñka" Tjqka w;fr®

iïnkaëlrKhla we;s lr .ekSu i|yd l%shdoduhka y∫kd.; hq;=h'

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ mdol jHqyhla f,i Ndú; ls¯fuka" wj;eka ùul

ishÆ w†hrhka cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shd ie,eiaula u.ska wdjrKh l< hq;= w;r"

je<elaùfï l%shdodufha isg wdrlaIdj f;la iy wj;eka jQjdg miqj Woõ wdOdr °u"

kej; meñKSu fyda ckdjdi ls uo" m%;sixl,kh ls uo l< hq;=h' úfYAIs; jQ wjOdrKh

†h hq;af;a ys;=jlaldr wj;eka ùu je<elaùu .ek úfYAIs; jQ úia;r jYfhka meye†,s

lrk ,o mshjr u.ska" wj;eka ùug fya;=jk ;;a;ajhka u.ye¯ug iy wj;eka ùfuys

wi;=gqodhl m%;sM, wju ls ug;ah' cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla fyda l%shd ie,eiaula u.ska wj;eka

ùug ;=vq fok fkdfhl=;a fya;+ka fidhdf.k wr.,hka iy udkj ysñlï W,a,x>kh

muKla fkdj iajdNdúl iy ñksid úiskau lrk ,o wdmodjka ksid;a" ixjr®Ok jev

igyka ksid;a" hk fï ishÆu fya;+ka jglr .; hq;=h' jeä ≥rg;a" ta u.ska ksYaÑ; jQ

wj;eka jQjkaf.a lKAvdhïj, úfYaI wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls¯ug .kakd mshjr

úia;r jYfhka meye†,s ls¯u fuu.ska is≥úh hq;= w;r" ksfjiaj, ia;%S kdhl;ajh" <uqka"

iy jeäysáhka" m%foaYhlg muKla iSñ; jQ wh iy ckjdr®.sl iqÆ;rhska fuhg wh;ah'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a m%cdjka iu. m˙mQr®K iïfï,k f.dvk.d .;a úg" tu

wj;eka ùï ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh b;d iM, jkq we;' iïmQr®K lr wjika jQ jydu

m%;sm;a;sh fyda l%shd ie,eiau" b;d mqΩ,aj jHdma; lrùu l< hq;= jkafka" úfYaIfhkau

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqkaf.au uõ niska iy Tjqkag b;d myiqfjka f;areï .;

yels wdlD;shla f,i ms<sfh< ls¯fukah' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkayg m%;sm;a;Ska iy

jevigyka úêu;aj ilia lrk úg" Tjqka iu. jev lrkakdjQ" Tjqka fjkqfjka l;d

lrkakdjQ kd.˙l iudc lKavdhï iy m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iu.o" rdcHhka

18 msgqj

msgqj 21

7

iómj jev lghq;= ls¯u" jeo.;a fõ' fuu lKavdhï wj;eka jQjka iu. we;s ióm

in|;dfjka ks;ru jegfykafka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a m%dr®:kdjka iy wNs,dIhka

ms,sìUq lr.ekSfï yelshdjla we;s m˙† Tjqka ieriS isák nj;a" Tjqkaf.a or®Ykhka i|yd

Yío ke.Sula ,nd°ug yelsj we;s nj;a" Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls¯u iy

Tjqkaf.a ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u i|yd wjYH Wml%u fhdackd ls¯fï yelshdj we;s nj;ah'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh iy l%shd ie,eiqï f;dard" f.dv

k.d" tajd ms<s.ekaùfï iQodkïNdjh u.ska" rchla ;=< tu wNHka;r wj;eka ùfuys

.egÆj iy th wduka;%Kh ls¯fï ;u j.lSï .eko jegySula we;s nj fmkajk jeo.;a

bÛshla jk w;r" tfia ls¯u cd;slj iy cd;Hka;rj we;s m%uqL;djla nj ixd lrhs'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùu w;aolsk rgj,aj, rchkaj,g" cd;sl ie,eiqï f;dard ms<s.ekSug

fyda wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag wdrlaIdj iy Woõ wdOdr iemhSug uq, ms¯ug tlai;a

cd;Skaf.a fhdackdjka †˙h ,nd ° we;'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd" cd;sl ixia:d.; kdNSh ,laIHh

wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn| cd;sl ixia:d.; kdNSh ,laIHh ksr®udKh ls¯u" .egÆj

flfrys rπ mj;sk wjOdkhla iy;sl ls¯ug;a" ;jo cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r iyldrhska

iu.o" rdcHhka we;=<;uo iïnkaëlrKhla i|yd;a myiqlï ie,iSu i|yd wjYHu

úh yels h'

fjk;a fjk;a ixia:d.; úl,am .Kkdjla we;' iuyr rgj," wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a j.lSu bgq ls¯u i|yd jk mejreug tjlg mj;sk rdcH ksfhdacs; Oqrh tl;=

lrkq ,nkafka" irKd.; .egÆ Ndrj isák rch fyda iudc iqN isoaê fomdr®;fïka;=j

hkd° f,ih' wfkl=;a rgj," ixúOdkd;aul iuQyhla yg wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka

muKlau ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq ls¯u mjrd we;' tfy;a ;j;a wjia:dj, wj;eka jQjka

ms<sn| idlÉPd iïnkaëlrKh myiq ls¯ug;a" cd;Hka;r m%cdjo we;=Ωj" iM, jQ

m%;spdrhla iy;sl ls¯ug wjYH Wml%u f.dvke.Sug;a" wod< wud;HdxY iy

fomdr®;fïka;=j, ks,Od¯ka ks;ru tlg tla/ia ls¯u i|yd rdcH lñgqjla fyda l%shd

lrk lKavdhula" fyda ldr®h idOl n<uqΩjla f.dvk.k ,≥j we;'

fldhs wdldrfha ixia:d.; úl,amhla f;dard.kq ,enqj;a" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

wdrlaIdj yd Woõ wdOdr i|yd mejreula cd;sl ixia:d.; kdNSh ,laIHhg ;sîu" w;sYhska

jeo.;ah' tys ldr®h uKAv,h" wNHka;r wj;efkys m%Yak u; mqyqKq l< hq;= w;r"

úfYAIfhka §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ .ek iy cd;sl m%h;aakhka ;=< m%Odk jQ ldr®hNdrhla

Tjqka u.ska is≥ ls¯u fyj;a wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlïj,g .re ls¯uo" Tjqkaf.a

msgqj 19

22 msgqj

8

wjYH;dj wduka;%Kh ls¯uo n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka isáh hq;=h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka

yg" wj;ek iïnkaOj l,a mj;sk úi∫ï f;dard .ekSfï ksoyi" tkï kej; meñKSu

fyda ckdjdi ls¯ug wkdrlaIs; iy ia:dmkh l< fkdyels ;;a;ajhka we;s m<d;aj,g

hdug n, fkdls ug j.n,d .ekSu fuhg we;=<;a fõ' fuh iM, ùug kï ixúOdkd;aul

iuQyhg" fuu mej¯u bIAg ls¯u i|yd foaYmd,k wdêm;Hh iy m%udKj;a Wml%u ;sìh

hq;=h'

rcfha fkdjk ixúOdk iy wfkl=;a kd.˙l iudc lKavdhï wNHka;r wj;eka

fjkqfjka l;d ls fï°" j.lSu mjrd fok ,o ixúOdkd;aul hka;%Kfha jev lghq;=j,g

muKla m%fhdack úh yels jk w;r wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd cd;sl m%h;akh yd

iïnkaëlrKh ls¯u i|yd iyNd.s;ajhla ,nd fohs' wNHka;r wl%sh;dfõ ;;a;ajhkag"

cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r m%;spdrh" jvd fyd|g oekqï fokqfha Woõ lrkqfha iy jeä †hqKq

flfrkqfha yjq,a ùï ksr®udKh ls¯u" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka iu. kd.˙l iudc

lKavdhï l%shd lghq;= ls¯fï°h' tjeks yjq,aùï jeä úhoula we;s lrk nj" msgrgj,ska

olaIjQ m%ùKhska f.kaùfï° we;s jk wêl úhoñka oelsh yels w;r" msáka fuf,i

meñfKkakka ks;ru b;d flá ld,hlska msg ù hk úg ia:dkSh Od˙;dj fyda yelshdj

lsisfia;a Yla;su;a ;;a;ajhlg fkdmuqKqjd hEu oelsh yelsh' tfiakï" rcfha fkdjk

ixúOdk iy wfkl=;a kd.˙l iudc lKAvdhïj, mqΩjkalï iy olaI;djka ;j ≥rg;a

†hqKq ls¯u iy m%dfoaYSh Od˙;dj Yla;su;a ls¯u i|yd" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka .; hq;=

mshjrhka i|yd cd;sl ie,eiqï o" jevigykao f.dvke.Su jeo.;a jk nj Tmamq úh

yels h'

cd;sl udkj ysñlï wdh;k i|yd N+ñldjla

udkj ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u;a" m%jr®Okh ls¯u;a flfrys cd;sl m%h;akhg b;d jeo.;a

wdOdrhla iy odhl;ajhla cd;sl udkj ysñlï ixúOdkfhka ,efnk nj ljqre;a okakd

y∫kk fohls' fuu ixúOdkhka" rdcHhka úiska Tjqka flfrys olajk ,o ks, ye∫kqu

N=la;s ú¢k w;r" ks;ru ie,lsh hq;= jeo.;a .re ls¯ula" cd;sl iudc ;=<u ;sìh hq;=

njg wKlr isákafka" idudkHfhka Tjqkaf.a ixúOdkfha uQ,sl;ajh orkakka fiajfhka

úY%du .sh úksiqrejreka fyda .re nqyquka ,nk udkj ysñlï i|yd l%shdYS,S jkakka jeks

n,j;a yd úYsIAg we;a;ka ksidh' wNHka;r wj;eka ùï we;s rgj,a ;=< cd;sl udkj

ysñlï ixúOdkj,g wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï wdrlaId ls ug;a" m%jr®Okh

ls¯ug;a" jeo.;a iy jákd ldr®hNdrhla we;s w;r" ta wdldrhgu rdcHhka úiska" tlai;a

cd;Skaf.a úfNaok ;=< th y∫kdf.k †˙.kajk ,≥j we;'

fndfydauhla cd;sl ixúOdkj, úfYAIfhkau ixjr®Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,"

20 msgqj

msgqj 23

Od˙;dj ysÛ fyda fkdue;s ;;a;ajhl mej;=Kdg wNHka;r wj;eka ùfuys .egÆ yd

m%Yak u; Tjqkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq ls¯u YS>%fhka fl¯f.k hhs' fuu m%h;akhg rel=,la

°ug cd;sl udkj ysñlï ixúOdkfha wdishdkq meisµsla ixioh" WodyrKhla f,i wj;eka

jQjka fj; is; fhduq l< fyd;a" fuu ixioh u.ska tys idud‚l ixúOdkj, Od˙;dj

;lafiare ls¯u i|yd jHdmD;shla f.dvk.d we;s w;r" Tjqkaf.a Od˙;djka jeälr †hqKq

ls¯ug cx.u wdOdrhla f.dvk.d we;'

wNHka;r wj;eka ùï iu. lghq;= ls¯fï°" fyd|u l%shd udr®.h jkqfha" wNHka;r

wj;eka ùï cd;sl udkj ysñlï ixúOdk ;=<u mej¯ulg wh;a" udkj ysñlï iïnkaOj

we;s m%Yakhla nj rchka úiska ms<s.ekSu iy Tjqka úiska fuu ixúOdk u.ska úIh

wduka;%Kh ls¯ug wjYH Wml%u iy iïm;a jvd úYd, m%udKhlska fjkalr ;sîuh'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï m%jr®Okh ls¯ug iy wdrlaId ls¯ug cd;sl ixúOdk

úiska .; yelsj we;s mshjr w;r jkqfha(

wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a ;;a;ajhka wëlaIKh lr n,d" rfgys wfkl=;a mqrjeishka

yd iudkju ysñlï N=la;s ú¢kjdo hkak yd Tjqkaf.a ysñlï ;lafiare ls¯fï°

fjkia lula ls¯fuka f;drj" Tjqkag wjYH wdrlaIdj yd Woõ wdOdr ,efnkakg

ie,iSu'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï iïnkaOj we;s nrm;< W,eySïj, jdr®;djka

.ek fida†is ls¯ug ms˙laiSula †h;alr" wêld˙hka úiska ta i|yd iM, jQ m%;spdrhka

,ndfok njg j. n,d .ekSu'

wj;eka ùï .ek" fmr wk;=re weÛùï i|yd b†˙hg lghq;= lr ys;=jlaldr wj;ekg

úreoaOj ck;djka wdrlaId ls¯u i|yd iM,j;a mshjr wêld¯ka úiska .kakd ,o

njg iy;sl lr.ekSu yd wêld¯ka u.ska ck;djkaa wj;eka ls¯ug .kakd ,o

;SrK" ls%hdfjys fhoùu" §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ ;=<ska úoyd mdk fmdfrdka≥j,g

wkql+,;djla ;sîu'

wNHka;r wj;ekajQjkaf.a ysñlï .ek rchg wjjdo ls¯u" úfYAIfhkau cd;sl

jHjia:dodhl iuQyhla iu. l%shd lghq;= ls¯fuka" wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn|

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ u; mokï jk cd;sl kS;s f.dvke.Su iy m%;sm;a;Ska

iy ls%shd lghq;= ie,eiauj,a rduq ls ug Woõ ls u" wNHka;r wj;eka ùfuys ;;a;ajhka

idr®:lj iy iM,j wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd rdcH ks,Od¯ka iu. iyfhda.s;dfjka

l%shd ls¯u'

cd;sl kS;s iïmdokh fyda kS;s mekùu rch úiska l%shdfõ fhoùfï jdr®;dj wëlaIKh

lr rgj,a w;r jk .súiqï iu. we;s j.lSfuys wkql+,;do wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a cd;sl m%;sm;a;Ska iy cd;sl ie,iqï l%shdfõ fhoùu ms<sn|j o wëlaIKh

ls¯u'

msgqj 21

24 msgqj

9

mqyqKq ls fï jev igyka iy wOHdmksl l%shdldrlï Ndr .ekSu tkï úfYaIfhkau

rcfha wdh;khka iy yuqodjo wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï ms<sn| kS;sh

n,fha l%shd;aul lrjk ksfhda‚; wdh;k o" ia;%Ska <uqka iy wfkl=;a lKavdhï

jeks myiqfjka wjodkug ,laùfï yelshdj by< uÜgulska w;aolskakjqkaf.a

wjYH;djka jk úfYAIs; jQ wdrlaIdj iy Woõ flfrys oekqj;alu by< kexùu

i|yd úfYAI wjOdkfhka isàu'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka fjkqfjka uq,a mshjr .;a nj okajd isák w;r" Tjqkaf.a

woyiaj,ska odhl;ajh iy ;SrK .ekSu i|yd Tjqkaf.a iyNd.s;ajhka wdrdOkd

ls¯ug j.n,d .ekSu'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ix.ïo rcfha fkdjk wdh;ko" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u i|yd mlaIj l;d lrk kd.˙l iudcj, ksfhda‚;

ms˙iao iu. Yla;su;a iïnkaO;djla we;s lr .ekSu'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ldhsl iqrlaIs;Ndjh nrm;< jQ wj∞kul mj;sk m<d;aj,

wëlaIKd;aul ksfhdackhla f.dvke.Su" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a kej; meñKSu

iy ckdjdi ls¯u wëlaIKh lr th iafõÉPd iy m%fõiï ;;a;ajhkaj, is≥jk

njg ;SrKh lr .ekSu'

wfkl=;a rgj, cd;sl udkj ysñlï ixúOdk iy m%dfoaYsl iuQyhka iu. cd,hla

ia:dmkh ls¯fuka wNHka;r wj;eka ùu u; we;s f;dr;=re iy w;aoelSï fnodyod

.ekSfuka m%;sm;a;suh l%shd udr®.hla f.dvk.d .ekSfï or®Ykhla we;s lr .ekSu'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ;SrK .ekSfï ,d iyNd.s ùu

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqkaf.a rdcHhkaj,ska" udkj ys;jd° wdOdr iy wdrlaIdj"

b,a,d isàug iy ,nd .ekSug whs;sh we;' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkg Tjqkaf.a or®Yk

okajd isàug" oËqjul fyda ysxid mSvd fyda mdvqjla ,eîfï wj∞kula fkdue;s jd;djrKhla

;sìh hq;=h'

flfia fyda" jeämqru jkqfha wNHka;r wj;ekajQjka yg Woõ wdOdr iy jev igyka

,enqK;a m%;sm;a;Ska iy jev igyka fldhs wdldrhlg ie,iqï flrefKao hkak fidhd

ne,Sfï fyda thg iyNd.s ùfï n,hla fkdue;s ùu iy Tjqkaf.a ´kEtmdlï .ek y~

kexùug fndfyda úg iqÆ wjia:djla j;a ,efnk fkd,efnk ;rï ùuh' th tfia jqj;a

wj;eka jQjka iu. f;dr;=re úuiSu yd Tjqka yg Woõ wdOdr iy wdrlaIdj ,nd °u

i|yd ork m%h;akhkaj, iM,;dj u; n,mdk nrm;< wjYH;djls' we;a; kï" wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka yer Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka fyd| yeá okakd iy tajd okajd isàfuys fï

fyd|u l%uhka y∫kk fjk wh ke;' óg wu;rj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg

22 msgqj

msgqj 25

idudkHfhka Tjqkaf.a ;;a;ajhkaj,g úi∫ï fiùu jeks foa wkqlrKh ls¯fï olaI;dj

we;'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a olaI;d u;u" Tjqka i|yd jk jevigyka Yla;su;a lr

f.dvke.Su tu jev igykaj,g Wm˙u iM,;djla ,ndfohs'

wNHka;r wj;ekaùïj,g olajk cd;sl tf,iu cd;Hka;r m%;spdrhka jeo.;a iy

ie,lsh hq;= m˙† okajd isàu iy jeä †hqKq lr Wiia uÜgulg f.k tau wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka iu. f;dr;=re úuiSï ;=<ska l< yelsh' i;Hfhkau" Tjqkaf.a ysñlï

wdrlaId ls u;a Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls u;a i|yd jev igyka iy m%;sm;a;Ska

ie,iqï ls¯ug;a l%shdfjys fhoùug;a wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh †˙u;a

lrñka myiq lr °ug rdcHhka yg j.lSula we;' l|jqre ;=< kdhl;ajfhys iy

l<ukdlrKfhys Yla;su;a ldr®hNdrhla wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka w;skau is≥ flfrk

njg j.n,d .ekSuo fuhg we;=<;ah'

úfYAI wjOdkhla oelaúh hq;af;a kEu jHqyhla ;=< l%udkql+,j ;SrK .ekSu i|yd;a

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ia;%S mlaIh tu wj;eka jQjkaf.a f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfï

ldr®hNdrhg iyNd.s lr .ekSug;a iy;sl ùuh' ;ukaf.a mjq,aj,g m%Odk wjYH;djka"

iy ie,ls,a," m%fõiu" /ljrKh" hk foa uQ,slju imhkakka f,i wj;eka jQ ia;%Ska

;ukag;a ;u mjq,aj,g;a ,eìh hq;= iqN idOkh iy iqrlaIs; Ndjh .ek iy;sl ùu

i|yd wjYH jkafka l=ulao hkak .ek fyd|u jegySula we;a;shkah' ia;%Ska iy .eyeKq

<uhskaf.ka f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfuka Tjqka yg úfYAIs; jQ wdrlaIdj iy Tjqka uqyqK md

isák Wjukd tmdlï jk ,sx.sl w;jr" iy wmfhdackh o tf,iu m%ckk fi!LH

.egÆo fkdi,ld ye¯ug fndfyda wjldY we;s ùu" tu lKavdhfï ms˙ñka muKla

wduka;%Kh l< fyd;a is≥ùug bv we;' úfYAIs; wj;eka jQ ia;%Ska iy <uqkaf.a ldhsl

iqrlaIs;Ndjh flfrys wjodkï n,mEula we;s ls¯fï iïnkaO;djla we;af;a j;=r iy

or tl;= ls¯u" l|jqrej, myiqlï fyda wfkl=;a m†xÑ ia:dkj, ie,eiau iy miq;,h"

wdydr l+vfhys wvx.= jk foa" iy wdydr fnod ye¯u hk lreKq u; fyhska ia;%Skaf.a

odhl;ajh ,nd .; hq;=h'

wj;eka jQjka iu. f;dr;=re úuiSï" wj;efkys iEu w†hrlu is≥ úh hq;=h' úfYAIfhka

wj;eka jQjkaf.a m†xÑh wΩ;a ;ekl msysgqùug fmr" tu wj;eka ùu n,md we;s whf.ka

f;dr;=re úuiSulg miqj fuu ldr®hNdrh bgq l< hq;= w;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a" úfYAIfhka

ia;%Skaf.a" iyNd.s;ajh we;sj ieliSu" ms<sfh< ls u iy l<ukdlrKh fuu lr®;jHfha°

is≥úh hq;=h' udkj iqN idOk Woõ wdOdr fnod °fï° ta i|yd l,ska ie,eiau ieliSug

iy iemhqu fnod °ug ia;%shf.a odhl;ajh ,nd .kakd njg ia:ßr lr .ekSug úfYAI jQ

m%h;akhla oe˙h hq;=h' ;ukag;a ;u mjq,aj,g;a wdydrmdk øjH ,nd.ekSfï° ,sx.sl

msgqj 23

26 msgqj

10

n,d;aldrlï iy iQrd lEï fyda wmfhdackh ls fï wjodkulg uqyqK mdkakg is≥jk

ia;%Skaf.a fuu Nhdkl ;;a;ajh ,sys,a ls u b;d jeo.;ah' wj;eka ùug l,a mj;sk

úi∫ï fidhd .ekSfï° wj;eka jQjkaf.a f;dr;=re úuiSug jvd m%Odk ldr®hhla jkqfha

wj;eka jQjka yg ish ksoyfia leue;af;ka kej; meñKSug we;s whs;shg .re ls uh'

fuhg wu;rj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a wdmiq meñKSu" kej; ckdjdi ls u iy kej;

talShlrKh ls fï° l<ukdlrKh iy l,ska lrk ieliSï i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a iïmQr®K iyNd.s;ajh ia:ßr lr .ekSug úfYAI m%h;akhka oe˙h hq;=h'

óg wu;rj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a udkisl wdl,am iy u;hka .ek l%udkql+,j

fidhd n,d y∫kd.ekSfuka miq tu u;hka idu l%shd udr®.h ;=<go wNHka;r wj;eka

ùïj, we;s jk ;;a;ajhka úi£ug fhdokakd jQ wfkl=;a m%h;akhka ;=<go fh†h hq;=h'

óg wu;rj §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ hgf;a 22^wE& m%;sm;a;sh ;=< ;yjqre lr we;s

m˙† foaYmd,kh ;=, wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a iyNd.s;ajhg we;s whs;sh flfrys

wdrlaIdj oelaùu cd;sl j.lSfuys fkdmeyer ye˙h yels f,i w;HjYH ldrKhls'

ks;r ks;r is≥ jk fohls wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Pkaoh Ndú; ls¯ug we;s whs;sh

ls%hdfõ fhoùfï† uqyqK mdkakg is≥jk ndOl fya;= fldg f.k foaYmd,kuh iy

wdr®:ßluh ;SrKhka .ekSu Tjqkaf.a „ú;j,g n,mEula we;s ls¯u'

l,a mj;sk úi∫ï

wNHka;r wj;ekaùu i|yd we;s cd;sl j.lSu wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ta wjdikdjka;

;;a;ajhg l,a mj;sk úi∫ula ,nd .ekSu i|yd Tjqkag wjYH m%fõY ùu ikd: lr

ia:ßr ls¯ug buy;a rel=,ls' fuhska yefÛkaafka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï

wkqj" kej; meñKSu fyda kej; ckdjdi ls¯u" myiq ls¯ug yels iEu W;aidyhlau

.ekSuhs'

ishÆ w;ska neÆj fyd;a rdcHhkaf.a hq;=lula jkafka iy Tjqka ne£ isákafka

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a kej; meñKSu ish leue;af;kao wdrlaId iys;jo Tjkaf.a

Wodr Ndjh /l.ksñkao ;u iqmqre≥ jdiia:dk lrd meñKSug bv ye¯ug fyda Tjqyq

;ukaf.a kej; ckdjdih i|yd rfÜ fjk m<d;la f;dard .;fyd;a th ta f,i ls¯ug

bv ye¯u;a" ta i|yd iq≥iq ;;a;ajhka f.dv k.d iq≥iq l%u Wodlr °ug;a h' wdrlaIdj

iys; m%fõiu l,a mj;sk úi∫ï iy wj;eka jQjkaf.a ysñlï wdrlaId ls¯u i|yd

w;HjYHu uQ,hhs' rKAvq onr fyda wr.,hka fya;=fjka is≥jk wj;eka ùï i|yd m<uq

wjYH;dj jkqfha tu fNaold¯ ;;a;ajh ≥re ls¯u fyda tu wj;ek is≥ ùug uq,a jQ fya;=

iy.; ishÆ ;;a;ajhkays m%Odk fjkila we;s ls¯uh' ìu fndaïn jeks foa bj;a ls¯uo

wjYH;djla fjhs'

24 msgqj

msgqj 27

wj;eka ùug fya;+ka fldhs flfia jqj;a" wdrlaIdj i|yd jk hdka;%Khka" kej;

meñfKk fyda kej; ckdjdi flfrk m<d;aj, l%shd lrúh hq;= jk w;r" úfYAIfhka

fuh kS;sfha wK ls¯ï ;=<ska iy udkj ysñlï flfrys ;sìh hq;= .re;ajh .ek iy;sl

ùfï mshjr .ekSu ;=<ska l< hq;=h'

fudku ;;a;ajhka fyda wjia:djka hgf;ys jqj;a wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a kej;

meñKSu fyda kej; mosxÑh Tjqkf.a fi!LHh" ksoyi" m%fõiu iy Tjqkaf.a „ú; jqj;a

wj∞kulg ,laùfï yelshdjla we;s m<d;a ;=< is≥ ls¯ug bv°u fyda †˙.ekaùu fyda n,

ls¯u is≥ fkdúh hq;=h ^15 ^wE& m%;sm;a;sh&' yels iEu wjia:djlu kej; meñfKkakka

legqj wëlaIlhkao hdu l< hq;= jkafka fuu l%shdj,sfhA we;a; ke;a; fidhd ne,Sug;a

fuh ish leue;af;kau is≥jkafkao ne,Sug;a fuu l%shdudr®. m%fõiï iys; ;;a;ajhka

;=< is≥fjkjdo hkak ne,Sug;ah'

;j ≥rg;a wj;eka ùfï m%;sM,hla jYfhka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg wysñ jQ

Tjqkaf.a foafmd< iy nvq ndysrd†h iy wfkl=;a ysñlï h<s ,nd .ekSug Woõ ls¯u

i|yd n, uKav,j,g j.lSula we;s w;r" fuh l< fkdyels wjia:dj,° ydksmQrKh

fyda jka† f.ùula ,nd .ekSug fyda fjk;a idOdrK ms<shula ls¯ugo tf,iu j.lSula

we;' úfYaIs; jQ wNsfhda. /ila mek ke.Sug wjldY we;' fndfyda wjia:dj, wj;eka

jQjkaf.ka iqÆ m%udKhla i;=j bvï iy foam<j, whs;sh fmkajk" úêu;a kS;Hkql+,

n,hla fyda fjk;a idlaIHhla we;' fïjd ;snqKq wjia:dj, jqK;a mqoa.,sl fyda wêld¯ka

úiska kv;a;= lrk ,o bvï foafmd< jdr®;d" fNao iy wr., uOHfha ke;fyd;a iajdNdúl

wdmodjla fya;=fjka ,enQ wj;eka ùfï m%;sM, jYfhka úkdY ù hkakg we;' óg wu;rj

foam< whs;Ska iy Wreu odhdohka ms<sn| cd;sl kS;s iy pd˙;% u.ska ;u iajdñ mqreIhska

wysñ jQ ia;%Skao ;u f.j,a lrd kej; meñfKk ia;%Ska iy wjidk m%;sM,h fyda úmdlh

f,i ;uka iy ;u mjq,aj, „úldj iy kv;a;=j flfrys l%u h<s;a fidhd .ekSug fjr

ork ia;%Skao w;r fjki" ks;ru fidhd.kq ,efí' rdcH wêld¯ka fyda n, uKav, fuu

.egÆ n,dfmdfrd;a;=j isg tajd wduka;%Kh ls¯u cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï uÜgfuka

iy idOdrK jQ;a fjkila fkdfjkakdjQ;a wdldrhg bgql< hq;=h'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka kej; meñKSug ;SrKh l<;a kej; ckdjdi ls ug ;SrKh

l<;a Tjqkaf.a „ú; kej;;a f.dvk.d .ekSu myiq ls¯ug wjYH ;;a;ajhka wNsjr®Okh

ls¯uo kej; talShlrKhla we;slr .ekSug myiqlï ie,iSuo cd;sl wêld¯ka fyda n,

uKAv,j,g we;s j.lSuls' i;Hfhkau wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a „úldjla ms<sfh<

lr .ekSfï iy ;u ;uka u;u úYajdih f.dvk.d .ekSfï l%u †˙u;a lsrSu i|yd

Wml%u wj;eka is≥jQ miq yels ú.iskau y∫kajd †h hq;= jkafka †.= ld,Sk hg;a m%foaY

we;slr .ekSu u. yerùu i|yd jk w;r" ta fjkqjg kej; meñKSu iy kej; ckdjdi

ls¯u mqΩjka jQ ú.iu wjidk jYfhka Tjqkaf.a tlg tl;= ls¯u fyda talShlrKh myiq

msgqj 25

28 msgqj

lr†h hq;=h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka kej; meñKSu iy kej; ckdjdi ls¯fï° Tjqkg

;djld,sl ksjyka i|yd ma,diaála ;yvqo WmlrK iy OdkH jr®. jeks w;HjYH foaj,ao

ish,a, iïmQr®K jk fia tlg tl;= ls¯u i|yd wjYH fhdackd fm< o ,nd .ekSfï

m%fõYhg n,h ;sìh hq;=hs'

óg wu;rj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a wj;eka ùfï m%;sM, jYfhka Tjqka yg we;s

úfYAI wjYH;djka iy wjodkï iys; ;;a;ajhka †.ska †.gu mj;sk f;la Tjqyq ;uka

flfrys úfYAI wjOdkhla †˙ .ekaùu iy wdOdrh n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh yels h' §wj;eka

ùu wjidk ù we;¶ jeks ;SrK wj;eka jQjkaf.a ;;a;ajh" wjYH;djka iy whs;Ska .ek †h

hq;= ie,lSu fkd° ys;=jlaldrj .; fkdhq;=h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys olajk

iydfha iajNdjh laIKsl iy y†is udkj iqNidOk wdOdr °fï isg l%ufhka ixjr®Okd;aul

Wml%u njg fjkia ùug bv we;s jkafka iajhx fmdaIKh flfrys wdOdr lrñka wj;eka

jQjkaf.a wdr®:ßl iy idudcSh talShlrKhg bv i,iñkah' tjeks ldr®hhka l< hq;=

jkafka wfkl=;a ck.ykhkaf.a wjYH;djka i|yd wdOdr ls fï uq,a mshjr iu.;a kej;

meñKSu iy kej; ckdjdi ls fï fmd≥ ldr®h ixúOdk fyda jHœyh f.dv ke.Sfï mqΩ,a

jQ rdcH m%h;akhka iu. taldnoaO ùfukq;a h ^WodyrK ( mdi,a" fi!LH idhkhka" iy

mdrj,a hkd†h&' úfYAI wjOdkhla †h hq;= jkafka" m%;sixúOdkfhys iy mqkre;a:dmkh

fyda ke;sjQ jrm%idohka kej; ,nd°fï jHdmD;sh ;=< iyNd.s;ajhg ia;%S mlaIfhkao iudk

odhl;ajhla yd wdodhï Wmojk l%u yd iqÆ Kh uqo,a °fï jevigyka flfrys Tjqka yg

iu msúiSula ,nd °ugo ia:ßr lr.ekSu flfrysh'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka kej; meñKSu fyda kej; wΩ;a ia:dkj, m†xÑ lrùfï°

Tjqka lsis≥ fjkialï fyda wvq ie,ls,sj,g Ndck fkdls ug j. n,d .ekSfï mshjrhka

.; hq;= w;r" Tjqkag;a wOHdmkh iy fi!LH wdrlaIdj jeks uyck fiajdjka ;=<g msúiSfï

iudk whs;shla i,iñka" Pkaoh Ndú;fha whs;sh jeks uyck ldr®h lghq;= ;=< iïmQr®K

iy iudk iyNd.s;ajhl whs;sh l%shdfõ fhoùugo" bv lv ie,iSug j.n,d .; hq;=h'

fláfhka lsj fyd;a" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd l,a mj;sk úi∫ï fkdi,ld

ye˙h yels f,i rπ mj;skafka" Tjqkaf.a kej; meñKSu fyda kej; wΩ;a ia:dkhl

m†xÑh ish iïmQr®K leue;af;ka iy wdrlaId iys;j is≥lr .ekSfï ukdmh fyda

f;dard.ekSfï ksoyi Tjqka yg we;s njg;a" ;ukau f.dvk.d .ekSfï yelshdjo Tjqkaf.a

„jfkdamdh kej; ,nd .ekSfï yelshdjo iudch ;=< talShlrKhlg msúiSfï yelshdjo

Tjqka yg we;s njg;a ia:ßr lr .ekSu u;h' fï yd iïnkaOj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

kej; meñKSu iy kej; wΩ;a ia:dkj, m†xÑ lrùu we;=<;a lrk ,o wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka yd iïnkaO jvd fyd|u m%;sm;a;s iy l%shd udr®. úoydmdk yeoE¯ï iy

wNHdihka flfrys wjOdkh fhduqlr úuid ne,Su b;d jeo.;a nj ikd: jkq we;'

26 msgqj

msgqj 29

11

wjidk jYfhka rdcHhla l,a mj;sk úi∫ï ,nd°u flfrys we;s ne£u jkqfha

u.yrjd .ekSug mqΩjka ùfï yelshdjla ;snqKd jQ ;;a;ajhka jeks" wj;eka ùug mdol jQ

rKAvq onr" wr.," iy fNao fyda fjk;a lreKq i|yd iM,j;a jQ úi∫ï ,nd°fï m%h;akh

Ndr.ekSug iy;slh iy ia:ßrNdjhhs' fuu wjia:djka fyda is≥ùïj, úi∫ï ;=< i;H

iM,;dj fyda i;H l,a mej;Su ,nd .ekSug kï" mdol fyda uQ,sl fyda m%Odk iudchSh"

wdr®:ßl iy foaYmd,ksl widOdrKlï ksid we;s jk fNaoh yd wj;eka ùu ixfla; jk

mdol lreKq wduka;%Kh ls u we;=<;a úh hq;=hs' jdr®.sl iy ckjdr®.sl m%pKav;djka

fya;= fldg f.k yg.;a wj;eka ùfï ;;a;ajhkaj,°" kej; iduodk ls ug yd †˙u;a

ls ug uQ,Huh mshjrhka" WodyrKhla f,i" hka;%Khka ;=<ska i;H fldñIka iNdjla

iy ydkslr m%;sM,j,ska ñ°fï wjia:djka wduka;%Kh ls u;a úfYaIs;j b;du;a jeo.;ah'

iEfyk iyk" m%udKj;a iïm;a iy Wml%u

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd m%;sm;a;Ska iy jev igyka l%shdjg kexùfukao Tjqkag

wjYH Woõ wdOdr ,eîug ie,iSuo ^wdydr wdOdr" ksjyka fyda ksjdi" fi!LH i;aldrh"

wOHdmkh" tAlShlrKh i|yd Wmldr ùu hkd†h we;=<;ah& tf,iu" Tjqkaf.a ldhsl

iqrlaIs;Ndjh i|yd fkdje<elaúh yels f,i jeo.;a fyda wksjdr®h jk udkj iy øjHuh

iïm;a ,nd°u o w;HjYH nj ;yjqre yd ikd: ls u' wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck;djf.a

whs;Ska iy ysñlï wdrlaId ls u;a" Tjqkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls u;a i|yd" tu

ksid Wml%u flfrys yels ;dla ≥rg rdcHhkaf.a lem ùu cd;sl j.lSu flfrys we;s

wjYH;djla fjhs' iuyr rgj,a m%h;ak orkafka" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a jev igyka

ud,djka i|yd cd;sl whjeh f,aLkfhys ksYaÑ;ju wruqo,la tla /ia lr fjkalr .ekSfuka

fuh ls ugh' rdcHhka úiska l< yels ;j fohla kï" f;,a fyda fjk;a iïm;aj,ska

Wmhk rdcH wdodhu weiqfrka fjka lr ;nd .ekSfï jdishla ,nd fok §wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a wruqo,a¶ f,i ye¢kaúh yels úfYAI wruqo,la ksr®udKh ls uh'

fuhska lshefjkafka rdcHhka úiska ;ksju iy iïmQr®Kfhka fuu uqo,auh mSvkhg

fyda nrg Wr °fuka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka wduka;%Kh ls¯u fkdfõ" i;Hfhkau"

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a wjYH;djka wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd iEfyk ;rï Od˙;djla

ke;s fyda Od˙;dfjys ysÛhla we;s rdcHhkaj,g Woõ Wmldr ,nd .ekSug cd;Hka;r

m%cdj fj;g fhduq úh yels w;r i;Hfhkau Tjqyq th tfia l< hq;=h'

tfia jqj;a jHdmD;s uq, ms ï" m%;sm;a;s iy whjeh fjka ls ï u.ska rdcHhl ia:djrh

ms<sìUqq l< yels jk w;r cd;sl m%h;ak i|yd uQ,Huh iyk ,nd .ekSug cd;Hka;r

iydh ia:dmkh lr .ekSu i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka ùï cd;sl f,i m%uqL;ajh ,nd

.kakd lreKla úh hq;=h'

msgqj 27

30 msgqj

12cd;Hka;r iy m%dfoaYsl ixúOdk iu. iyfhda.s;dj

rdcHhka yg Tjqkaf.a wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck;djka flfrys iqNidOkh iy iqrlaIs;;dj

,nd °ug wjYH Od˙;dj fkdue;s jQ úg" iaffj¯Ndjfha j.lSu l%shdjg kexùula f,i"

cd;Hkaa;r Woõ Wmldr i|yd wdrdOkd ls¯ula fyda tu Woõ Ndr.ekSula l< hq;= w;r"

m%dfoaYsl" cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iu.;a tlg l%shd lrñka" wj;eka jQjkaf.a wdrlaIdj iy

Woõ wdOdr wduka;%Kh lrñka" Tjqkaf.a wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajh i|yd l,a mj;sk úi∫ï

y∫kd .; hq;=h' tu ksid cd;sl j.lSfuys ;j;a ,laIKhla jkafka" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka fjkqfjka m%h;akhka oe¯fï ldr®hNdrhkaj,g iïnkaO ùug leue;af;ka isák

m%dfoaYsl iy cd;Hka;r ixúOdk i|yd wjysr fkdlrk ,o fyda ndOd fkdlrk ,o

wdrlaId iys; m%fõY ùulg bv y˙ñka" Tjqka iu. iyfhda.s;dfjka l%shd ls¯uh'

ienúkau §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ wjOdrKh lr isákafka" cd;sl wêld¯ka

§fõ.j;a iy wjysr fkdlrk ,o m%fõYh¶ cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï ixúOdkj,g ,nd

°fuka" wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck;djka fj;g fuu ixúOdk t<öfuka Tjqkg wjYH

Woõ Wmldr ,nd°uh' cd;Hka;r kS;sh hgf;a fuu ixúOdk ;sfnk fyhska" Tjqkaf.a

fiajhka ,nd °ug b†˙m;a ùfï whs;sh Tjqka i;=j we;s w;r" tjeks b†˙m;a ùï" wys;j;a

i;=re l%shdjka f,ij;a rgl wNHka;r lghq;=j,g weÛs,s .eiSula f,ij;a ie,lsh hq;=

ke;' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka kej; meñKSu fyda kej; wΩ;a ;ekaj, m†xÑ lrùu

talSh lrKh lrùu;a i|yd Woõ Wmldr ls¯ug cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï wdh;khka

i|yd we;s m%fõYh" Tjqka úiska N=la;s ú¢h hq;=h'

cd;Hka;r Woõ Wmldr iy wdOdr Ndr .ekSfï°" wdOdr /f.k tk udkj ysñlï

ldr®h uKAv,hg iqrlaIs;;dj iy wdrlaIdj i,id †h hq;= jkafkah' udkj ysñlï

wdOdr ls ï fyda Woõ ls ï ldr®hhkaj, fh° isák who Tjqkaf.a m%jdykhka iy iemhqïo"

wdrlaId ls¯u;a ta flfrys .re;ajhla ;sîu;a wjYHh' fiajl uKAv, u; meñfKk

m%ydrhka j<lajd,Sug;a" wk;=rg Ndck ùfï wjodkula we;s fuu fiajl u~q,a,g Woõ

moõ ls¯u i|yd;a rdcHhka úiska iqrlaIs;;dj ;yjqre ls¯fï mshjr .; hq;=j we;s w;r"

fujeks fiajl uKav,j,g úreoaOj ke.S tk m%pKav l%shd is≥lrk whg úreoaOj kvq

mej¯u;a l< hq;= fõ' fuu j.lSfï rdcld˙h bIAg ls¯fï yelshdjka fkdue;s rdcHhka

cd;Hka;r m%cdjka iu. tl;= ùfuka udkj ysñlï fiajl uKAv,h i|yd ia:ßr wdrlaIdjla

ikd: lrk úl,am mshjr we;=<;a iq≥iq ms<sfj<la fhdod .; hq;=h'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQ whf.a udkj ysñlï u;" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd f,alï;=udf.a

ksfhda‚;jrhdg ks, ms˙laiqulg wdrdOkd ls¯u" wNHka;r wj;eka ùu we;s rgj,aj,

rdcHhka yg cd;Hka;r m%cdjka iu. iyfhda.fhka jev ls¯u m%or®Ykh lr oelaùu

i|yd ;j;a jeo.;a udr®.hla jkq we;' fujeks wdrdOkd u; is≥jk ms˙laiqï pd˙ld

28 msgqj

msgqj 31

;=<ska rdcHhka iu. l;d ny ls¯u;a" ixjdoj, fh°u;a" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

;;ajhka iDcqju fyda fl<skau uq,a ;ekskau ;lafiare lr.ekSu;a" iDcqju Tjqkaf.a

´kEtmdlï iy m%Yak wid .ekSug;a Tjqka yg yels jkq we;' idudkHfhka" fuu neye

oelSï fyda pd˙ld" rg ;=< we;s wNHka;r wj;eka ùfï m%Yakh flfrys cd;sl wjOdkh

by< kexùu i|yd Wmfhda.s jk fiau" wj;eka jQjka fjkqfjka we;s m%;sm;a;Ska iy jev

igyka m%fndaOu;a lrñka" cd;Hka;r m%cdjka iy rdcHhka w;r we;s jev ls fï ixfhda.h

Yla;su;a lrkq we;'

yjq,aldrhska f,i mej;sh hq;= m%dfoaYsl iy cd;Hka;r ixúOdk" wNHka;r wj;ek

i|yd jk cd;sl j.lSu Ndú;h i|yd fhoùu Yla;su;a lrñka Woõ lr †˙.ekaùfuka"

cd;sl m%h;akhka i|yd b;d jákd iy jeo.;a fmdaIKhla" kv;a;= iy wdOdr ls¯ula

lSm úêhlg ,nd†h yels h' tkï(

wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn| we;s m%;sm;a;Ska iy cd;sl kS;s f.dv ke.Su" bvï

lvï iy foam< ysñlrejkag kej; ,nd°u iy tajdg jka† f.ùu jeks .egÆuh

;;a;ajhka ,shdm†xÑ ls¯u fyda f,aLk.; ls¯u" o;a; tla /ia ls¯ï jeks .egÆuh

wjia:djka i|yd ldr®ñl iy m%dfhda.sl iyfhda.h ,nd°u"

wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn| udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska iy wfkl=;a m%Yak fyda

.egÆuh ;;a;ajhka .ek mqyqKq ls¯u i|yd leue;a; m< lr b†˙m;a ùu"

wNHka;r wj;eka ùfuys ;;a;ajhka ;lafiare ls¯ug lafIa;%h fyda wxYh neye

oelSug Ndr f.k" cd;sl m%dfoaYsl iy cd;Hka;r m%;spdrhka jeä †hqKq ls¯fuka

Wiia uÜgulg f.k taug ksr®foaY b†˙m;a ls¯u iy cd;Hka;r iy m%dfoaYsl udkj

ysñlï hdka;%Khla úiska b†˙m;a lrk ,o ksr®foaY l%shdfjys fhoùu yd bgq ls¯u

.ek jdr®;d ls¯u"

ys;=jlaldr wj;ekaùï iïnkaO jQ uq,a ld,Sk wk;=re weÛùï ta wod< n,Od¯kaf.a

wjOdkhg fhduq lr" fuu ;r®ck fyda wk;=re weÛùïj,g iM,j;a m%;spdrhka

,nd .ekSu i|yd ue†y;a ù mlaIj l;d ls¯fuka cd;sl wdrlaIdj flfrys m%;spdrh

†˙u;a ls¯ug yels Woõ ms<s.ekaùu"

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a ldhsl iqrlaIs;Ndjh wj∞kulg ,la ù we;s m<d;a iy

ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= iy jeo.;a wdrlaIl .egÆ .ek jdr®;d ,eî we;s m<d;ao wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a l|jqre we;s m<d;ao we;=Ω ishÆ m<d;a ;=< wëlaIKd;aul fmkS

isàula fyda ksfhdackhla f.dv k.d f.k" fuu ;r®ckj,g úreoaOj wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka wdrlaId ls ug Wmdh Wm%lu f.dv k.d ,sx.sl w;jr fyda m%pKav;ajhka

iy wmfhdackj, Nhdkl iy wjodkï ;;a;ajhkag úfYaI wjOdkhla fhdoñka

<uqka hqo yuqodjg n|jd .ekSï jekss ;;a;ajhkago úfYaI wjOdkhla iy ie,ls,a,la

fhoùu" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a kej; meñKSu iy kej; wΩ;a ia:dkj, m†xÑ

msgqj 29

32 msgqj

lrùï wëlaIKh ls¯fuka" yels wjia:dj, wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka legqj fyda

tlaj hñka fuu l%shdj,sh ish leue;af;ka fyda iafõÉPdfjka m%fõiï iy wdrlaId

iys; ;;a;ajhka ;=< is≥ jkafkaoehs meye†,sj n,d .ekSug wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka

fufia kej; meñKSfï iy kej; wΩ;a ia:dkj, m†xÑ ùfï l%shdj,sh .ek wdrlaId

iy m%fõiï Tjqka flfrys w;aoehs wëlaIKh ls¯u'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ia;%Skaf.a iud.ï fyda ix.ï we;=Ω ishÆu wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a fujeks iud.ï ieliSu iy †h;a ls¯u" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg ;u

Wjukdtmdlï ;ukau wduka;%Kh ls fï m%Yakhka flfrys;a rel=,la fyda msgqjy,la

ù" ta i|yd wkqn, †fuka Tjqkaf.a ysñlï i|yd mdlaIslj l;d ls¯u'

rdcHhka iy wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkao" rdcH fkdjk ixúOdko" w;fr® l;dny

ixjdo i|yd myiqlï ie,iSu'

rdcH md,k n,fhka msg; msysá m<d;aj, isák wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Woõ

wdOdr lrñka" cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;sh iy §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s¶ hgf;a

rcfha fkdjk l%shd lrkakjqkaf.a j.lSï Yla;su;a lr n,j;a lr" wj;eka jQjka

wdrlaId lrñka Woõ wdOdr ls¯u" yels úg iy wjia:dj,° rch iy rcfha fkdjk

l%shdlrkakjqka w;r we;s lr .kakd .kqfokq myiq lr °fuka" udkj ysñlï i|yd

wjldYh;a wr., iy fNaoj,g wjidkhl=;a we;s ls¯u"

wNHka;r wj;ekaùï i|yd cd;sl j.lSu iM,j;a f,i bIAg ls¯u fyda úir®ckh

ls ug" m%dfhda.slj iy iyfhda.fhkq;a iïm;a fyda Wml%u ixúOdkh lr /ia ls fuka

yd wruqo,a m˙md,kh ls fukq;a ork W;aidyhka iy m%h;akhka meye†,sj m%or®Ykh

lrk rdcHhkaj,g †˙h iy wdOdr ls¯u"

iuia; jYfhka iy úfYAIfhkau cd;sl Od˙;dj wvq jQ fyda ysÛ jQ úg m%dfoaYsl iy

cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iu. iyfhda.fhka wNHka;r wj;eka ùu hk m%Yakh wduka;%Kh

ls¯u cd;sl j.lSfï tla iajrEmhls'

wNHka;r wj;eka jQ ck;djkaf.a wdrlaIdj iy iqNidOkh ikd: ls¯u fyda ia:ßr

lr .ekSug we;s j.lSu ,nd °ug rch leue;af;ka iy tlÛ ùfuka isáh;a tfia

ls¯fï yelshdj fkdue;s úg cd;sl Od˙;dj Yla;su;a lr.ekSug Woõ ls¯u i|yd ork

cd;Hka;r iy m%dfoaYsl m%h;akhka nyq;r fyda iuQy wj;eka ùï iu. lghq;= ls¯u ;=<

úfYAI jQ iM,;djla fmkajhs' .egÆj yd m%Yakh wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd cd;sl uÜgfï°

foaYmd,kuh leue;a; fyda tlÛ;ajh fyda iyfhda.h m%udKj;a fkdjk ;;a;ajh;a ;=<

cd;sl j.lSu Yla;su;a ls¯u i|yd cd;Hka;r m%cdj fhoùu ta yd iudk fyda thg;a

jeäfhka jeo.;a jkq we;' tjeks wjia:dj, jqjo flfia fyda W;aidyh iy b,lalh úh

hq;af;a" fujeks wdfoaY ls¯ula fkdj wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd wdrlaIdjla Woõ

wdOdr ls¯ula i|yd cd;sl m%h;akhka Yla;su;a ls¯uh'

30 msgqj

msgqj 33

wjidkh

wNHka;r wj;eka ùu hk tu f,dal jHdma; iy iuia; wr®nqoh b†˙m;a lr isák

wNsfhda.h jkqfha .egÆfõ úYd,;ajh iy ixlSr®K;dj fya;= fldg f.k th

wduka;%Kh ls¯u iuyr úg fkd;ld isáh fkdyels ;rï n,j;a fia fmkS

hduh' tfy;a wdrïNl ia:dkh meye†,sh' wNHka;r wj;eka jQ wh wdrlaId ls¯u iy

Tjqkg Woõ wdOdr ls¯u hk j.lSu m%uqLj m%Odkj iy jeo.;a f,iu rπ mj;afka

Tjqkaf.a rdcHhka u;h' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a whs;Ska iy ysñlïo" tf,iu oeka

b;d fyd¢ka okakd jQ Tjqka flfrys jk cd;sl iy wfkl=;a wêld¯ka i;= j.lSïo

wNHka;r wj;ek i|yd we;s §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska ;=< meye†,s lrk ,≥j" wNHka;r

wj;eka ùfuys ;;a;ajhka wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd cd;Hka;rj ms<s.kakd ,o uÜgulg

iy m%ñ;shlg m;aù we;' fuu whs;Ska iy ysñlïo j.lSïo iM,j;a f,i bgq lrk

,oafoao hkak ikd: lr .ekSug rdcHhka .; yels ksYaÑ; mshjrhka" flfia jQj;a jvd

wmeye†,s ke;'

fuu ysvei fyda wvqj msrùu flfrys cd;sl j.lSu i|yd ieliqu" rdcHhka

úiska .; yels uQ,Huh mshjrhka fodf<dila ^12& y∫kajd ° we;af;a" wNHka;r wj;eka

ùï wduka;%Kh ls¯u i|yd ;uka i;= j.lSï úia;rd;aulj meye†,s lr iM,j;a m%;sM,

iys;j bIAg lrùugh' ;ks ;ksju .; fyd;a fï tla tla mshjrhka" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka yg hym;la" Wmldrhla iy m%fhdackhla f.k fokafka cd;sl m%h;akhka jeä

†hqKq lrñka jr®Okh lr Wiia uÜgulg f.k tafukah' fuu mshjrhka tlg tl;= l<

úg wNHka;r wj;eka ùu hk .egÆj i|yd olajk iïmQr®K iy m˙mQr®K m%;spdrfha yr

fldgi jk w;r jvd ksYaÑ;j fuh f,dj jgd fjfik ñ,shk ixLHd; wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhkaj, wjYH;djka jk wdrlaIdj;a Woõ wdOdrh;a

,nd .ekSu i|yd ;u rdcHhka u; Tjqka r|jk úYajdihg m%;spdrhla fjhs'

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34 msgqj

1' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd iNd /iaùï" úfNaokh"

2004" 58$177" 7 jk f√oh" iy udkj ysñlï u;

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2' fjda,agr® ld,Ska" wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn|

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iud.ïj, kS;Hkql=, m%;sm;a;s wOHhkh" fkd'

32 ^cd;Hka;r kS;sfhys weu˙ldkq iudch iy

wNHka;r wj;ek u; nDDlsxia wdh;k jHdmD;sh"

2000 & " wNHka;r wj;eka ùu m s< sn|

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s fhoùu i|yd w;afmd;

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^ECOSOC&" úfNaokh 2004 cq,s 23" 2004$05" 39

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15" 2003$05" 9 jk f√oh'

4' ;j ≥rg;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a y†is iyk

iïnkaëlrKh lrkakdf.ka iy udkj ys;jd°

lghq;= ms<sn| hg;a uy f,alï úiska lrk ,o

b,a,Sula jk wNHka;r wj;eka jq mqoa.,fhla ;j

≥rg;a tfia wj;eka jQjl= f,i ie,lSug wjYH

fkdjk ld, iSudj .ek oekqj;a ls u i|yd

nr®kays nDDlsxia wdh;kfha wNHka;r wj;ek

ms<sn|j l%shd lrk jHdmD;sh iu." fcdar®–gjqka

úYajúoHd,fha" cd;Hka;r ixl%uKh rg yer hEu&

wOHhkh i|yd we;s wdh;kh;a fkdar®ùr®hdkq

irKd.; ljqkais,fha f.da,Sh wNHka;r wj;eka

jqjkaf.a jHdmD;sfha;a iyfhda.s;ajfhka wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjka i|yd °r®> ld,Sk úi∫ï ms<sn|

m%ñ;Ska f.dvk.ñka mj;'S fuu ilia lrk ,o

m%ñ;Ska" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï

ms<sn| uy f,alïjrhdf.a ksfhda‚;jrhd úiska

2005 °" tlai;a cd;Ska yg b†˙m;a flfrkq we;'

t˙ka uQkS n,kak" §wNHka;r wj;eka jqjka i|yd

wjidkh iykh lrd f.k tau¶" n,d;aldr

ixl%uK iudf,dapkh" iÛrdj 2003 uehs 17" f√o

4-6 olajd'

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6' m%;sm;a;s f.dvk.kakka iy l%shdfõ fhdojkakka

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2004&' fuu wOHhk fldgfia wvx.= f;dr;=re

t˙ka uQks u.ska o< igyka .; lrk ,≥j" fï

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§cd;sl j.lSu i|yd iels,a,¶ f,i b†˙m;a

flfr®'

7' fmd≥ rdcH uKav,fha uy f,alï ldr®hd,h"

udkj ysñlï tAllh" §fmd≥ rdcH uKav,h ;=<

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/iaùfï jdr®;dj( fmd≥ f;audjka iy l%shd udr®.

fufyhqï ksr®Kdhlh" 2003 uehs 19 -21 cQks 2004&'

8' §wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.A"

ysgmq uy f,alï jrhdf.a jdr®;dj µ%ekaisia weï

fvx úiska weu˙ldj ;=< wNHka;r wj;ek u;

m%dfoaYsl iïuka;%K"¶ fulaisflda k.rh" 2004

fmnrjd˙ 18-20" UN doc. 4$2005$124 ^2004

foieïnr® 07&'

9' frdnr®gd fldfyka" fjd,agr® ld,ska iy t˙ka

uQks eds& n,kak' §wNHka;r wj;eka ùu ms<sn|

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s iy ol=Kq fldflaiiays

kS;s"¶ wka;r® cd;sl iud.ïj, kS;suh m%;sm;a;s

wOHhkh" fkd' 34 ^cd;Hka;r kS;sh ms<sn|

weu˙ldkq iudch iy wNHka;r wj;ek u;

nDDlsxia wdh;k jHdmD;sh" 2003&'

10' wdr®:ßl iy iudchSh ljqkais,h ^ECOSOC&

úfNaokh 2004 cq,s 23 jk †kfha 2004$05" 39

jk f√oh'

11' WodyrKhla f,i" n,kak"

IGAD m%foaYh ;=< wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ms<sn|

wud;H iïuka;%Kfha §ldr®fgdjqï¶ m%isoaO

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ms<s.kakd ,o §IGAD Wm m%foAYfha" wNHka;r

wj;eka ùu ms<sn| iïuka;%Kh¶ hkafkys

Wm.%ka:h §iqvdkfha ldr®fgdjqïys m%ùKhkaf.a

/iaùfï jdr®;dj" 2003 wf.daia;= 30 isg iema;eïnr®

02¶ ^wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| jHdmD;sh" 2003

nDDlsxia wdh;kh - ngysr wm%sldkq m%dka;

rdcHhkaj, ^ECOWAS&" wdr®:ßl m%cdfjys

idud‚l m % dk a; rdcHhka " fï f,iu"

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ ieliqula f,i

Ndú; lrñka wNHka;r wj;eka ùï u;" cd;sl

kS;sj, ixjr®Okh fhda.H iy iq≥iq hehs fhdackd

lr isák w;r ngysr wm%sldkq m%dka; rdcHhkaj,

wdr®:ßl m%cdfjys idud‚l rdcHhka ^ECOWAS&

ixjr®Okh lrk kS;S iïmdokfha wdor®Y

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§wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

uy f,alï ksfhda‚;jrhdf.a jdr®;dj¶ n,kak'

UN doc. E/CN 4$2003$86" 32 jk fèoh'

wjidk ks˙laiqu - ^igyk&

32 msgqj

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12' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdr®:ßl iy iudchSh uKav,h"

úfNaokh

2004$05 39 jk f√oh o" tlai;a cd;SkAf.a wdr®:ßl

iy iudchSh uKAv,h" úfNaokh 2003 cq,s 15

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13' udkj ysñlï ms<sn|" tlai;a cd;SkAf.a fldñiu"

úfNaokh 2004$55

^2004 wfm%a,a 20&" 18 iy 21 jk f√ohka iy

úfNaokh 2003$51 2003 wfm%a,a 23&" 18 iy 21 jk

f√ohka'

14' WodyrK f,i n,kak" ud˙fha f.d auia "

§wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka iy cd;sl udkj ysñlï

wdh;khka( Y%S ,xldfõ w;aoelSï u.ska ksor®Ykh

ls¯u¶ ^nDDlsxia wdh;kh - SAIS wNHka;r

wj;ek ms<sn| jHdmD;sh" 2002 cq,s ui&'

15' ì%cÜ frµaiaÆkaâ fidfrkafika iy udr®la

úkaikaÜ" §foaYiSud udhsï we;=<; yiqjk ,o (

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a Wml%u wkq.ukh¶

^fkdr®ùcshdkq irKd.; uka;%K iNdj" 2001&'

16' §wNHka;r wj;eka ùï ms<sn| udr®f.damfoAYl

m%;sm;a;Ska"¶ 07^03& ^wE&" 18 ^03&" iy 28 hk

m%;sm;a;Ska'

17' §wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a Pkao whs;Ska( OSCEm%foaYh ^nDDlsxia wdh;kh - SAIS wNHka;r

wj;ek ms<sn| jHdmD;sh" 2004 fkdjeïnr® ui'

18' WodyrKhla f,i n,kak" §kej; meñKSu" wÆf;ka

kej; m†xÑ lrùu iy mqkre;a:dmkh ls u i|yd

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wNHka;r wj;eka ùï u; jHdmD;sh" 2004&" iy

§wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn| lafIa;%Sh jD;a;Sh

kshe,Sfuys mdGud,d w;afmd; tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

ksfhda‚; wdh;kj,ska ksoiqka iy wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka ms<sn| iydh ùï lghq;=j, uq,A mshjrhka"¶

udkj ys;jd° lghq;=j, iïnkaëlrKh i|yd

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ldr®hd,h OCHA& wka;r® ksfhda‚;

ia:djr lñgqj ldr®huh lKavdhï m%;sm;a;s m;% fkd'

1 fY%Ksh ^OCHA&" 1999'

19' §udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s"¶ 25 iy 29 ^2& hk

m%;sm;a;Ska

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36 msgqj

Wm.%ka:h ( wNHka;r wj;ek ms<sn|

udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s

ye¢kaùu - úIh m:h yd wNsm%dhka

1' f,da mqrd wNHka;r wj;eka jQ whf.a ksYaÑ; wjYH;djka §udr®f.damfoaYl

m%;sm;a;s¶ u.ska wduka;%Kh flfr®' n,mEï u; is≥jk wj;ekaùïj,ska mqoa.,hska

wdrlaId ls¯ug;a" tu wj;ekaùï jQ ld,h ;=< iy Tjqkaf.a kej; meñKSfï

iy kej; wΩ;a ia:dkj, mosxÑ lrùfï iy talShlrKfha ld,hka ;=<;a

Tjqkaf.a wdrlaIdj iy Woõ wdOdrj,g wod< jk ysñlï iy iy;sl ùï fuu

§udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska¶ úiska y∫kd f.k we;'

2' fuu m%;sm;a;s i|yd wruqqKq fyda wNsm%dhka jkafka" ;u mqre≥ jdiia:dk fyda

ksfjia w;ayer oud hEu fyda w;a yer oud m,d hEug n,d;aldrlï fyda n,mEï

lrkq ,enQ mqoa.,hska fyda mqoa.,hskaf.a lKAvdhïo" úfYAIs;ju ikakdy ikakoaO

.egqï fyda wdrdjq,a fya;= fldg f.k fyda tu úreoaOjd°lïj, m%;sM, u.

ye¯ug iy fmd≥ m%pKav;ajhka fyda jHdma;j we;s m%pKAv;ajhka iys; ;;a;ajhka"

udkj ysñlï W,a,x>kh ùï" iajdNdúl fyda ñksid úiska we;s lrk ,o

jHikhka ksid cd;Hka;˙lj ms<s.kakd ,o rdcH udhsula ;rKh fkdl<

mqoa.,hskah'

3' fuu m%;sm;a;Ska cd;Hka;r udkj iqNidOk kS;sh yd cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï

kS;sh iu. ia:ßrj iy wp,j we;s w;r tajd ;=< ms<sìUq fjhs' fïjd u. fmkaùula

fyda WmfoaYl;ajhla i,ikafka (

^w& uy f,alï ksfhda‚;jrhd ,;a wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka ms<sn| lghq;= ls fï

n,h l%shdfõ fhdojdf.k hEug"

^wd& rdcHhka wNHka;r wj;eka ùfï ixisoaëkaj,g uqyqKq md isák úg"

^we& fjk;a ishÆu wêld¯ka lKAvdhï iy mqoa.,hska wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka

iu. we;s Tjqkaf.a iïnkaO;djhka ;=< iy"

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lrk úg'

4' fuu udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;Ska yels ;rñka mqΩ,aj jHdma; lr fhoúh hq;=h'

34 msgqj

msgqj 37

1 jk fldgi - fmd≥ m%;sm;a;s

1 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka Tjqkaf.a rfgys wfkl=;a mqoa.,hska fukau" iïmQr®K

iudk;ajhlska" cd;Hka;r iy rfgys fyda foaYSh kS;s hgf;a tlu ysñlï iy tlu

ksoyia ;;a;ajhka N=la;s ú¢kq we;' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" Tjqkaf.a wj;eka ùfï

fya;=fjka" Tjqka yg we;s ysñlï iy ksoyia ;;a;ajhka N=la;s ú£fï whs;shg úreoaOj"

fjka lr oeóu fkdl< hq;=j we;'

2' fuu m%;sm;a;Ska" cd;Hka;r kS;sh hgf;a" fm!oa.,sl wmrdO j.lSug úfYAIfhkau

iuQ, >d;kh" ñksia ixy;shg úreoaOj wmrdO iy hqo wmrdO flfrys wmlaImd;S

úh hq;=j we;'

2 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' fuu m%;sm;a;s ishÆu wêld¯ka fyda md,lhska u.skao" lKavdhï iy mqoa.,hska

u.skao Tjqkaf.a kS;suh ;;a;ajhka ie,lSug fkd.ksñka wkq.ukh lr lsisu úreoaO

úYsIAg;djlska f;drj fh†h hq;=j we;' fuu m%;sm;a;Ska wkq.ukh ls¯u" fï i|yd

iïnkaO jk lsisu mqoa.,hka fyda lKavdhï fyda wêld¯ka fyda kSs;suh ldr®h

;;a;aj fyda ;rd;sru u; n, fkdmdkq we;'

2' fuu m%;sm;a;Ska Ndú;h fyda l%shd lrùu" rfgys fyda foaYSh kS;sh hgf;a mqoa.,hskag

mjrk iy fokq ,nk cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° iy cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï iemhSï

yd kS;suh ,shú,a, fyda ysñlï iSud ls¯ula" fjkia ls¯ula" fyda ≥n, ls¯ula fyda

tajdg ydks ls¯ula f,i wr®: oelaùu is≥ fkdjkqq we;'

3 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' cd;sl wêld¯ka yg we;a;d jQ m%d:ñl fyda uQ,sl rdcld˙uh hq;=lu yd j.lSu

jkafka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg wdrlaIdj iy udkj iqNjd° Woõ wdOdr ,nd°u

Tjqkaf.a wêlrK n, iSudj ;=<° is≥ ls¯u h'

2' fuu wêld¯ka ;=<ska udkj ys;jd° wdOdr iy wdrlaIdj b,a,d isàu;a tajd ,nd

.ekSug;a" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg whs;sh we;' fujeks b,a,Sula b†˙m;a ls fï°

mSvd ls¯ula" ysxid ls¯ula fyda oËqjï ls¯ula fkdl< hq;=j we;'

4 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' fuu m%;sm;a;Ska fhoùu is≥l< hq;= jkafka lsis≥ úfõpkhla fyda fjkialï ls¯ula

jeks" cd;sh" jr®Kh ^yfï mdg&" ia;S% mqreI Ndjh" NdIdj" wd.u" fyda fjk;a weoySï"

iy úYajdihka" foaYmd,kuh fyda fjk;a u;hka" rgjeislu" ckjdr®.sl fyda iudchSh

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iy uyÆ jQfjda Tjqka isákd ;;ajhkaf.a b,a,Sï jk" wdrlaIdj iy Woõ wdOdrj,go"

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ms<shu ,nd .ekSugo whs;sh ,n;s'

msgqj 35

38 msgqj

2 jk fldgi - wj;eka ùfuka wdrlaId ls¯u yd iïnkaO m%;sm;a;s

5 jk m%;sm;a;sh

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cd;Hka;r kS;sh hgf;a ;uka i;= rdcld˙h fyda hq;=lu ke;fyd;a j.lSu fyda fiajdj

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.re;ajh iy;sl ls¯u;a" lrkq we;af;a" mqoa.,hskaf.a wj;eka ùu flfrys rel=,la jk

tu ;;a;ajhka j<lajd,Sug;a u. yer ùug;ah'

6 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhl= ygu ;u mqre≥ jdiia:dkfhka fyda Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a ksjfika

n,d;aldrj ke;fyd;a ys;=jlaldr f,i wj;eka ù isàug úreoaOj wjYH wdrlaIdj

,nd .ekSfï whs;sh ;sfnkq we;'

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iudk l%shdjka jk ckjdr®.sl" wd.ñl fyda jdr®.sl ñY%Kh ke; fyd;a l,jï

ùu fjkia ls¯fï m%;sM,h fyda tu m%;sM,h ,nd .ekSfï b,lalh flfrys

wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%shdjka m%;sm;a;Ska u; mokï jQ úg"

^wd& ikakdy ikakoaO wr.,hka ;=< iïnkaO ù we;s fyda mg,eù we;s idudkH

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iy fi!LHh u; Tjqkaf.a bj;aj hEu wjYH kï iy"

^b& ish,a,ka i|yd fmd≥ o~qjula f,i th Ndú; lrk úg'

3' wj;eka ùï ;;a;ajhka iy wjia:djkaj,g wjYH ld, iSudjg jvd †.= l,la tu

wj;eka ùï mej;sh fkdhq;= ùu'

7 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' mqoa.,hskaf.a wj;eka ùu flfrys wjYH ;SrKhla .ekSug fmr wj;eka ùu

iïmQr®Kfhkau u. yrjd .ekSu i|yd ta yd iïnkaOj ls%shd lrk wêld¯yq m%dfhda.sl

úl,amhla fidhd n,d fyda fida†is lr n,d ta nj ia:ßr lr .ks;ss' lsisu úl,amhla

fkdmj;sk fyd fkdue;s úg wj;eka ùu;a wj;eka ùfuys wys;lr m%;sM,;a wju

lr.ekSug ishÆ l%u iy úêu;a mshjr .; hq;= fjhs'

2' tjeks wj;eka ùula Ndr.kakd jQ wêld¯ka m%dfhda.slj Wm˙u ≥rg" wj;eka jQjka

yg iq≥iq iy y˙hdldr b∫ïysgqï iy kjd;eka ,nd °ug;a" tjeks wj;eka ùï

iEfyk i;=gqodhl ;;a;ajhka jk m%fõiu" fmdaIKh" fi!LHh iy ikSmdrlaIdj

we;sj is≥ ls¯ug;a" iy tlu mjqf,a idud‚lhka fjka fkdls¯ug;a ikd: iy ia:ßr

úh hq;=h'

36 msgqj

msgqj 39

3' wj;eka ùï is≥ jkafka ikakdy ikakoaO wr.,hka iy fÄojdpl fyda jHikhka

ke;fyd;a wdmodjka jeks wjia:djka yer fjk;a wjia:djka ;=<° kï my; i|yka

j.lSu bgq lrk njg fmdfrdka≥ ùug tlÛ úh hq;=h'

^w& kS;suh n,h mej¯ulska n,j;a lrk ,o rdcH wêld˙hla u.ska" tjeks mshjrhka

wK ls¯u i|yd" ksYaÑ; ;SrKhka .kq ,nkq we;'

^wd& wj;eka ls¯ug isákakd jQ mqoa.,hskag Tjqkaf.a wj;eka ùug fya;+ka iy th

flfrys wkq.ukh lrk l%shd udr®.hka we;=<;a úia;r iys; iïmQr®K f;dr;=re

iy fh†h yels wjia:d iy ia:dkj,° Tjqkg jka† f.ùug iy wΩ;a ;eklg

hdu .eko j.lSu bgq lrk njg fmdfrdka≥ ùug iEfyk iy m%udKj;a mshjr

.ekSu is≥ flfrhs'

^we& wj;eka ls¯ug isák mqoa.,hskaf.a ksoyia tlÛ ùu iy ishÆ f;dr;=re Tjqka

oekqj;aj ,nd fok tlÛ ùula fidhd n,d ,nd .kq we;'

^wE& wj;eka ùu n,mE mqoa.,hska i|yd ;ukaf.a wΩ;a ia:dk msysgqùu fyda wΩ;a

ia:dkj,g hEu iïnkaOj ie,iqï ms<sfh< ls¯ug;a ta iïnkaOj we;s m˙md,k

lghq;=j,g;a Tjqkau - úfYaIs;j ia;%S mlaIh iyNd.s lrjd .ekSug" thg wod<

wêld¯ka ±ä W;aidyhla fyda m%h;akhla .; hq;= fõ'

^b& wjYH ia:dk" fya;+ka iy wjia:djkaj,° iq≥iq iy wjYH n,h ,;a kS;Hkql+,

wêld¯ka u.ska kS;sfha n,h l%shd;aul lrùu is≥ lrf.k hd hq;=j we;'

^B iM,j;a ms<shulg we;s whs;sh iy tjeks ;SrK .ekSu we;=Ω fhda.H iy WÑ;

wmlaImd;S wêld¯ka u.ska .kakd ,o tu ;SrKj, ixfYdaOkh .re flfrkq

we;'

8 jk m%;sm;a;sh

wj;eka jQjkaf.a iqrlaIs;Ndjh" ksoyi" wNsudkh iy „ú;fha ysñlï iy whs;Ska

W,a,x>kh jk wdldrhg tu wj;ek fl¯f.k hdu fkdl< hq;= fõ'

9 jk m%;sm;a;sh

hï m%foaYhlg fyda m<d;lg muKla fmd≥ jQ ck;dj iy iqÆ;r ckhdo f.dùka fyda

lDIslïlrejka fyda .eñhkao" tfâr fyda f.dmÆka jeks ckhka iy ;u N+ñh u;

úfYAI n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla iy ne£ula we;s fjk;a ck lKAvdhïj, wj;eka ùug úreoaOj

wdrlaIdj iemhSu u; úfYAIs; jQ rdcld˙hlaa iy hq;=lï iys; j.lSula hgf;a rdcH ne£

isákafkah'

msgqj 37

40 msgqj

3 jk fldgi - wj;eka ùu mj;sk w;r;=fr® ;sìh hq;=

wdrlaIdjg wod< jk m%;sm;a;Ska

10 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhl=f.au „ú;h flfrys ;udg wdfõKsl jQ whs;sh kS;sh u.ska wdrlaId

lrkq ,efí' lsisu flfkl=f.a „ú;hla ys;=jlaldr fyda mokï rys; f,i Tyqg fyda

wehg wysñ fkdlrkq ,efí' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka úfYAIs;ju wdrlaId lrkq ,nkafka(

^w& ñksia ixydrfhka ^cd;shla fyda f.da;%hla iuQ, >d;khla&"

^wd& ñkSuerefuka fyda m%dK>d;fhka"

^we& iïmskavK fyda mokï rys; urK oKAvkh °fuka"

^wE& meyerf.k hdfukao" ta;a;= fkd.;a fyda fkdms<s.;a r|jd .ekSu fyda n,fhka

;nd .ekSfukao" ;r®ck ls¯ïj,ska fyda m%;sM, urKh jk wjia:dj,skq;a hk

lreKq we;=<;a n, lr isák w;=reoyka ùïj,skq;ah'

by; i|yka lsishï fyda l%shdj,shl mx.= lrefjl= ùu fyda tu l%shdjka flfrys

fm,Uùu fyda ;r®ckh ls¯u iïmQr®Kfhkau ;ykï flfrkq we;'

2' úreoaOlï ke;fyd;a t†˙jd°lïj, iyNd.s fkdjk fyda ;j≥rg;a iyNd.s fkdjkakd

jQ wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag úreoaOj" we;s lrk m%pKav l%shd fyda myr °u ke;fyd;a

m%ydrhka ishÆu ;;a;ajhka ;=< fyda fudku ;;a;ajhla hgf;a fyda is≥ùï iïmQr®Kfhkau

;ykï flfr®' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg úfYAIs; jQ wdrlaIdjla fokq ,nkafka(

^w& idudkH jeishd fj; m%ydrhla t,a, ls fuys ksr; ùu i|yd m<d;a ìyslr .ekSu

we;=Ω iDcq iy j. úNd. rys; m%ydrhka fyda wfkl=;a m%pKav l%shdjkaj,°;a"

^wd& igka l%uhla f,i yduf;a fyda l=i .skafka ;eîfï°;a"

^we& hqo yuqod wruqK ke;fyd;a wNsm%dh m%ydrhkaj,ska jid ;nd .ekSug" wdjrKh

lr ;nd .ekSug ke;fyd;a uqjd lr ;nd .ekSug fyda hqo yuqod fufyhqïj,g

ndOd ls¯ï iy wjysr;d we;sls¯ï fyda hqo yuqod fufyhqïj,g wkq.%yh oelaùu

wdjrKh ls¯ïj,°;a h'

^wE& wj;eka jQjkaf.a l|jqrej,g fyda Tjqkaf.a ckdjdi ia:dkj,g úreoaOj

m%ydrhkaj,°;a"

^b& ìï fndaïn Ndú;fha°;ah'

11 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhl= ygu wNsudkj;a iy ldhsl" udkisl iy iodpdr iDcqlula fyda

wjxl;ajhla i|yd whs;sh we;'

2' wNHka;r wj;eka jQ mqoa.,hkaf.a ksoyi wjysr lrk ,≥j fyda fkd,≥j jqj;a Tjqka

úfYAIs;j wdrlaId flfrkafka(

^w& ia;%S ¥IK" wx.hka f√okh ls¯u fyda lmd ye¯ï" oeä udkisl yd ldhsl jO °ï"

lDDr wukqIH fyda wjudkhg m;a lrk fyda my; fy<k ie,lSï fyda o~qjï

°ïo mqoa.,sl wNsudkh u; flfrk wfkl=;a ysxidmSvdo" idyisl wmrdOo" jeks

,sx.sl ksYaÑ; m%pKav;ajh n, lrk ,o .Ksld jD;a;Ska iy ´kEu iajNdjhl

we;s wYsIAg wvkaf;aÜgï ls¯ï"

38 msgqj

msgqj 41

^wd& jy,alï fyda kQ;k iuld,Sk jy,alï jk újdyhka i|yd úlsKSu" ,sx.sl

wmfhdackhka fyda <uhskaf.kA n,y;aldrfhka fyda n, ls fuka jev .ekSï" iy

^we& wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka w;rg NS;sh fyda Nh m;=rejd ye¯fï woyiska fyda

Wjukdfjka we;s lrk m%pKav;ajfha l%shdjkaj,skao fõ'

by; i|yka kEu l%shdj,shla ls¯ug ;r®ckh ls¯u fyda fm,Uùu iïmQr®Kfhkau

;ykï lrkq ,efí'

12 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wfhl=f.a iqrlaIs;Ndjh iy iajdëk;ajh i|yd iEu ukqIHfhl=gu whs;sh we;'

ys;=jlaldr fyda mokï rys; f,i w;awvx.=jg .ekSug fyda o~qjula f,i r|jd ;nd

.ekSug lsis≥ mqoa.,fhl= Ndck fkdfl˙h hq;= fõ'

2' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd jk fuu whs;shg m%;sM,hla fyda jákdlula °u iy

Tjqka w,a,d .ekSula" ysr ls¯ula fyda l|jqrl r|jd .ekSula fkdlrkq ,efí' kuq;a

úfYAI jQ fyda widudkH wjia:djka ;=< tjeks w,a,d .ekSï" ysr ls¯ï iy r|jd

.ekSï" wksjdr®hfhkau w;HjYH jkq we;s w;r" tu r|jd .ekSï tu ;;a;ajhkag

wjYH iy iq≥iq ld,hg jvd jeä ld,hla fkdblañh hq;=h'

3' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" Tjqkaf.a ta wj;ekaùfï fya;=fjka fyda tys m%;sM,hla

jYfhka widOdrK idOl u; fjkialï ls¯ulska w;a wvx.=jg .ekSfuka o" iy

tjeks f,iu n,fhka r|jd ;nd .ekSfuka o" wdrlaId lrkq ,efí'

4' wNHka;r wj;eka jQ mqoa.,hska fldhs wdldrfha ;;a;ajhl jqj;a m%dK wemlrejka

f,i ;nd .kq fkd,efí'

13 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wNHka;r wj;eka jQ <uhska fudku fya;= iy.; ;;a;ajhka hgf;a jqj;a t†˙jd°lï

iy úreoaOjd°lïj,g n|jd .ekSu fyda fï i|yd Tjqka wjYH ùu fyda tjeks

l%shdj, fhoùu fyda ksr; ùu i|yd wjirh fyda fkd,efnkq we;'

2 wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" Tjqkaf.a wj;efkys m%;sM,hla f,i widOdrK idOl jeks

cd;sh" wd.u" jhi iy ,sx. wkqj fjkialï ls fï l%shdj,Ska ;=<ska ikakdy ikakoaO

n,ldhka ;=<g fyda fjk;a lKAvdhï ;=<g n|jd .ekSug tfrysj wdrlaId lrkq

,efí' úfYaIs;ju" ishÆ wjia:djkays°u lDDr" wukqIH fyda wjudkhg m;a lrk

l%shdj,Ska i|yd tlÛ ùug n,lrk fyda tlÛ fkdjk wjia:dj, oËqjï f,i

n|jd .ekSï ;ykï lrkq ,efí'

14 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu wNHka;r wj;eka jQ mqoa.,fhl= ygu" tyd fuyd hEfï iajdëk;ajh iy

Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a jdiia:dkh f;dard .ekSfï ksoyig whs;sh we;'

2' úfYAIs;ju" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqkaf.a l|jqre fyda fjk;a m†xÑ ia:dk

fyda ckdjdi j,ska fyda msgùfï iy we;=,a ùfï ksoyfiys whs;sh we;'

15 jk m%;sm;a;sh

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg(

^w& ;u rfgys fjk;a m<d;l wdrlaIdj fyda m%fõiu fidhd .ekSug whs;sh we;'

^wd& Tjqkaf.a rg w;ayer hEug whs;sh we;'

msgqj 39

42 msgqj

^we& fjk;a rgl ;u rlaIdia:dkh iy /ljrKh fidhd .ekSfï whs;sh we;'

^wE& n,d;aldrfhka kej; meñKSu fyda kej; wΩ;a ia:dkhl m†xÑ lrùu Tjqkaf.a

„ú;fhys m%fõiu ke;fyd;a wdrlaIdj" iajdëk;ajh iy$fyda fi!LHh

wj∞kulg ,la ùfï yelshdj we;s ´kEu ia:dkhlg hdug úreoaOj wdrlaIdj

,nd.ekSfï whs;sh we;'

16 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' ishÆu wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg ;u w;=reoyka jQjka fyda fidhd.; fkdyels

fyda olakg fkdue;s d;Ska .ek f;dr;=re we;=<;a" Tjqkaf.a hdïBï" b∫ïysgqï

f;dr;=re" Tjqka yg is≥jQ brKu fyda Tjqkaf.a ffojh hk lreK .ek fidhd

ne,Sfï whs;sh we;' tu w;=reoyka jQ fyda fidhd.; fkdyels fyda olakg fkdue;s

njg jdr®;d ù we;s wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a f;dr;=re iy brKï" ta yd ldr®hhka

ls¯ug wod< wêld¯ka úiska fidhd f.dv ke.Sug W;aidyjka; m%%h;akhla oe¯u;a

fuu lr®;jHfha kshe<S isák ta yd wod< jk cd;Hka;r ixúOdk iu.o

iyNd.s;ajfhka l%shd ls¯u;a l< hq;=j we;'

2' tu w;=reoyka jQ mqoa.,hskaf.a <Ûu d;Ska fyda mjqf,a Woúh yg ;u wêld˙h

úiska lrk ,o fida†isfha fyda úur®Ykfha m%.;sh fyda fmrg hEu olajd tu ldr®hfhys

hï m%;sM,hla fõ kï ta nj;a Tjqkg oekaúh hq;=j we;'

3' urKhg m;a jQ mqoa.,hskaf.a uD; foay tl;= lr .ekSug;a" tAjd y∫kd .ekSug;a"

tu uD; foayhka meyer .ekSu fyda fld,a, lEu iy fldgia lmd .ekSu jeks

wNd.Hu;a is≥ùï j,ska fírd f.k" urKhg m;a jQjkaf.a <Ûu d;Ska yg ,efnkakg

ie,iSu fyda tajd wjidk f.!rjh iys;j N+uodk ls¯ug;a fuu ldr®hNdr fyda

fuhg wod< wêld¯ka W;aidy jka; m%h;akhla ork ,≥j we;'

4' ishÆu wjia:djka ;=<° wj;eka jQjkaf.a ñkS j<j,a fyda fidfydka wdrlaId l< hq;=

w;r tajdg .re ls¯ula ;sìh hq;= fõ' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqkaf.a wNdjhg

m;a d;Skaf.a ñkS j<j,a iy fidfydka ne,Sug hEfï bv myiqlï ,nd .ekSug

whs;sh ;sìh hq;=j we;'

17 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhl= ygu Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a mjq,a „ú;h flfrys .re ls¯ula we;s lr

.ekSug whs;sh we;'

2' fuu whs;sh i|yd wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a mjq,aj, idud‚lhska f.ka tlg „j;a

ùfï Wjukdj iy leue;a; we;s mqoa.,hskag" tfia ls¯ug bv wjldY fokq ,efí'

3' wNHka;r wj;eka ùu fya;=fldg f.k fjka ù we;s mjq,a kej; tl;= ls u yels ;rï

blaukska l< hq;=h' fujeks mjq,aj, kej; tla ùu blauka ls u i|yd" WÑ; iq≥iq iN

fhda.H ishÆu mshjrhka .; hq;= w;r" úfYAIs;ju <uhska fuu m%Yakhg ne£ we;s úg

fï foh ls u b;du;a w;HjYH fõ' fï i|yd j.lSula ork fyda j.lSulska ne£ isák

wêld¯ka fuu mjq,aj, idud‚lhska u.ska k.k ,o fida†is ls ï i|yd bv wjldY

ie,ish hq;= jk w;r" mjq,a kej; tl;= ls fï lr®;jHhg Wr ° isák ke;fyd;a ta

i|yd fh° isák udkj ys;jd° ixúOdk †˙u;a lrñka iyfhda.h †h hq;= fõ'

4' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a mjq,aj, idud‚lhskaf.a iajdëk;ajh l|jqrej, rπ

;nd isàu fyda /|jqu fya;=fjka iSud lrk ,o kï" tf,iu tlg isàug fyda tlg

úiqug whs;sh we;'

40 msgqj

msgqj 43

18 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' ishÆu wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg iEfyk iy m%udKj;a „jk uÜgulg whs;sh we;'

2' wju jYfhka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys fjkialï ls ulska f;drj wjia:djka

.ek ta yeá ie,ls,a,la fkdolajd olaI wêld¯ka úiska my; i|yka foa Tjqka yg

,nd°fukq;a tajd ,nd .ekSu i|yd m%fõiï fiaka≥ ùula ie,iSu ikd: lr .ekSu;a

l< hq;= jkafka (

^w& w;HjYH wdydr iy îug iq≥iq c,h"

^wd& uQ,sl /ljrKh ms<sirKh iy ksjdi

^we& WÑ; iq≥iq iy fhda.H jia;% fyda we∫ï me<∫ï" iy

^wE& w;HjYH T!Iëh fiajdjka iy ikSmdrlaIdj

3' fuu uQ,sl iemhqï fnod ye¯ug iy tu fnod ye¯u ie,iqï ls¯ug ia;%S mlaIfha

iïmQr®K iydh ,nd .ekSu iy;sl lr .ekSug úfYAI W;aidyhkaa oe˙h hq;=h'

19 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' ishÆ ;=jd, ,enQ iy wikSm ;;aa;ajfhaa miq jk wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkao fkdyelshdfjka

miq jkakd jQ mqoa.,hskao i|yd ffjoH fya;+ka yer fudku mokula u; jqj;a lsis≥

fjkialulska f;drj m%fhda.slj yels Wm˙u uÜuglskao" iqkx.= ùfï wju uÜgulskao"

wjYH ffjoH i;aldrhka iy wjOdkh ,efnkq we;' wjYH jQ úg" wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjka yg udkisl iy idud„h fiajdjkaj,g m%fõYh ,efnkq we;'

2' ,sx.sl yd wfkl=;a w;jrhkaj,g ,lajQ ia;%Ska i|yd WÑ; iy iq≥iq jQ Wmfoia ,nd

°u yd ia;%Skaf.a m%ckk fi!LH i;aldrh jeks ia;%S fi!LH i;aldrhka i,ikakjqkaa

iy tu fiajdjkaj,g m%fõY ùfï yelshdj we;=<;a jk ia;%Skaf.a fi!LH wjYH;djka

flfrys úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq úh hq;=h'

3' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka w;r udkj m%;sYla;s W!k;d jhsria frda.h we;=Ω iamr®Y

ls¯fuka fnda fjk frda. iy wdidok jk frda. j<lajd,Su i|yd úfYAI wjOdkhla

fhduq úh hq;=h'

20 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhl=gu iEu ;eklu kS;sh b†rsmsg isákakd jQ mqoa.,fhl= f,i

y∫kd.ekSula ;sìSfï whs;shla we;'

2' fï yd iïnkaO fyda wod<j l%shd lrk ks,Od¯ka wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd we;s

fuu whs;shg jákdlula fyda fyd| m%;sM,hla °ug kï wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a

kS;Hkql+, whs;SkA fyda ysñlï N=la;s ú£u;a tajd l%shdfjys fhoùu;a i|yd wjYH ishÆ

,shlshú,s we;= .uka n,m;%" mqoa.,sl ye∫kqï ,shlshú,s" Wmamekak iy;slhka" iy

újdy iy;slhka" ksl=;a l< hq;=j we;' wj;ek is≥ jk wjia:dfõ wNHka;r wj;eka

jQjkaf.a ke;s jQ ,shlshú,s fjkqjg wΩ;a ,shlshú,s ms<sfh< lr °ug fyda wΩf;kau

tu ,shlshú,s ,nd °u i|yd myiq mshjrhka i,id °u tu wëld¯ka úiska l< hq;=

úfYAIs; ldr®hhla jk w;r" fï lr®;jHfha° fuu ,shú,s fyda fjk;a wjYH ,shlshú,s

,nd .ekSug kï" hï flfkl= ;u iqmqre≥ jdiia:dkhg yd ta m<d;g kej; meñKsh

hq;=h hk whq;= iy widOdrK kS;s ;;a;ajhka we;sl< fkdhq;=h'

3' ia;%Ska iy mqreIhska hk fomlaIhgu wjYH jk tjeks ,shlshú,s ,nd .ekSfï iu

msgqj 41

44 msgqj

whs;shla we;s w;r" Tjqkaf.au kï.ïj,skau tu ,shlshú,s ms<sfh< lrjd f.k ,nd

.ekSfï iu whs;shlao we;'

21 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' bvïlvï foam< iy nvqndysrd†h jeks ;uka i;= foa mokï rys;j lsisu mqoA.,fhl=

yg wysñ lrkq fkd,efí'

2' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a bvïlvï iy foam< ishÆ wjia:djkaj,oS wdrlaId lrkq

,nk w;r" úfYaIfhkau my; fmkajd ° we;s l%shd udr®. wkqj fuh is≥ flfrkq we;(

^w& fld,a, lEu fyda meyer .ekSu"

^wd& iDcq fyda widOdrK idOl u; myr°ï fyda wfkl=;a m%pKav l%shd"

^we& hqo yuqod fufyhqï l%shdo" wruqKq fyda wNsm%dhka wdjrKh i|yd fhdojd .ekSu"

^wE& m,s.ekSu fyda tlg tl ls¯u i|yd úIhla f,i Ndú; ls¯u" iy

^b& úkdY lr ouk ,≥j fyda fmd≥ o~qjï l%uhla f,i WÑ; fyda iq≥iaika lrjkq ,eîu'

3' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka úiska oud f.dia we;s bvï lvï iy foam< úkdY ls¯u iy

wyUq f,i f;dard .ekSu;a kS;s úfrdaëj whs;s lr.ekSu iy w;am;a lr.ekSu fyda

w,a,d .ekSug;a tfrysj wdrlaId l< hq;=h'

22 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka" l|jqre j, „j;a jQj;a" ke;;a my; i|yka ù we;s whs;Ska

fyda yssñlï N=la;s ú£fuys° Tjqkaf.a wj;eka ùfï m%;sM,h f,i Tjqka flfrys lsis≥

fjkialï ls¯ula is≥ fkdflfrkq we;'

^w& l,amkd ls¯ug fyda is;Sug" yDo idlaIHhg ijka °ug" wd.ug" fyda tjeks hï

úYajdihlg ;ek °ug" ;u u;h fyda úYajdihg bv °ug" ;u yeÛSïj,g bv

°ug" hk fuu lreKq flfrys Tjqka i;= ksoyig whs;sh"

^wd& rlaIdjla i|yd fyd| wjia:djka fyda jdisodhl wjia:djka fidhd hEug we;s

ksoyfia whs;sh yd wdr®:ßl l%shdldrlïj, iyNd.s ùfï ksoyig whs;sh"

^we& m%cd lghq;= fyda ldr®hhka ;=< ksoyfia yjq,a ùug we;s whs;sh yd tajdg iuj

iyNd.s ùug we;s ksoyfia whs;sh"

^wE& rdcH lghq;= fyda ldr®hhka we;=<;a" fmd≥ fyda uyck lghq;= ;=< iyNd.s ùfï

whs;sh iy Pkao Ndú;fha whs;sh" fuu whs;Ska l%shdfõ fhoùu i|yd wjYH

Wml%u" uqo,a yo,a fyda j;alu flfrys m%fõY ùug we;s whs;sh" iy

^b& Tjqka okakd iy Tjqkag f;areï .; yels NdIdjlska l;d ny ls ug iy .kqfokq

ls¯ug we;s whs;sh h'

23 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' iEu ukqIHfhla ygu wOHdmkhla ,nd.ekSug whs;shla we;'

2' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg fuu whs;sh ,nd °u m,nr ls¯u i|yd fuu mqoa.,hska

yg" úfYAIfhkau wj;eka jQ <uhska yg ksoyia wOHdmkhla m%d:ñl uÜgfï°

wksjdr®hj ,nd .ekSug bv ie,iSug j. n,d .; hq;=fõ' fuu wOHdmkh" Tjqkaf.a

ixialD;sl ye∫kqu iy NdIdj;a" wd.u;a iu. iïnkaO úh hq;=h'

3' wOHdmksl jev igyka ;=< ia;%Ska iy .eyeKq <uhskaf.a iïmQr®K iy iu

iyNd.s;ajhla we;s ls¯u ia:ßr iy ikd: lr .ekSug úfYAI m%h;akhla oe˙h hq;=h'

4' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg wOHdmkh iy mqyqKq ùfï myiqlï ,nd .ekSug bv

i,ik w;r" úfYAIfhka kj fh!jkhska fyda .egjrhskag iy ia;%Ska yg;a fudjqka

l|jqre ;=< „j;a jqj;a ke;;a ksis iy iq≥iq ;;a;ajhka ,enqKq ú.iu bv ie,ish hq;=h'

42 msgqj

msgqj 45

4 jk fldgi - udkj ys;jd° wdOdr ls¯u iïnkaOj we;s m%;sm;a;s

24 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' ukqIH ohdj iy wmlaImd; ùu;a idOdrKlu;a u; we;s m%;sm;a;sj,g wkql+,j iy

lsis≥ fjkialulska f;drj ishÆ udkj ys;jd° wdOdr ,nd°u l%shdjg ke.sh hq;=h'

2' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg ,nd fok udkj ys;jd° wdOdr Woõ" fudku

wdldrhlgj;a fjk w;lg fhduq fkdúh hq;= w;r" úfYAIfhkau hqo yuqoduh

fya;+ka fyda foaYmd,kuh fya;+ka u;o fufia fkdjk njg j.n,d .; hq;=h'

25 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Woú ,nd°u i|yd jk m%d:ñl j.lSu iy hq;=lu rπ

mj;skafka cd;sl wêld¯ka iu.h'

2' cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° ixúOdk iy wfkl=;a WÑ; jQ iy iq≥iq jQ l%shdlrkakjqka

yg wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka flfrys ;u iydh m, lr isàfï whs;sh we;' tjeks

iydh m< ls¯ula" i;=re ls%shdjla fyda rdcHhl wNHka;r foaj,aj,g weÛs,s .eiSula

f,i fkdi,ld fyd| úYajdihlska i,ld ne,sh hq;= fõ' fujeks iydh m< ls ulg

leu;a; °u ys;=jlaldr f,i ysr lr ;nd fkd.; hq;= jk w;r úfYAIfhkau wod<

wêld¯ka yg tu wjYH udkj ys;jd° wdOdr ,nd °ug fkdyels jQ úg fyda Tjqka

fkdleu;s jQ úg;a fuh tf,iu is≥ úh hq;=h'

3' udkj ys;jd° wdOdrj, ksoyia ixl%uKh i|yd wjldY °u iy tu ldr®hhka myiq

ls¯u tA yd iïnkaO ishÆ wêld˙hka u.ska l< hq;= w;r" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka

i|yd fuu wdOdr ,nd °fuys ksr; jkakjqka i|yd hqyqiqÆ ke;fyd;a läir iy

lsisu ndOdjlska f;dr m%fõY ùula ,nd†h hq;=h'

26 jk m%;sm;a;sh

udkj ys;jd° wdOdr ,nd°fï fh† isák mqoa.,hskago" Tjqkaf.a m%jdyk myiqlï iy

iemhSïj,go .re ls¯u iy wdrlaIdj †h hq;=h' myr °ï iy fjk;a m%pKav l%shdjkaj,g

fuu mqoa.,hska f.d≥re úh fkdhq;=h'

27 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° ixúOdk iy fjk;a iq≥iq iy WÑ; l%shd lrkakjqka

wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Woõ wdOdr ,nd °fï° Tjqkaf.a wdrlaIl wjYH;djka

iy udkj ysñlï flfrys ukd ie,ls,a,la oelaúh hq;= jk w;r fï i|yd fhda.H

jQ mshjrhka .ekSu flfryso ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=h' fufia ls¯fï° fuu ixúOdk

iy l%shd lrkakjqka" fï yd iudka;r fyda wod< jk cd;Hka;r m%ñ;Ska fyda uÜgï

iy ksis yeis˙Su i|yd jk ixfla; fyda kS;s¯;sj,g .re l< hq;=h'

2' fujeks fiajdjka rdcHhka úiska ,nd fok ,≥j fyda rdcHhka úiska b,aÆï lrk

,≥j fyda tu ldr®hhka bgq ls fï mejreu ,nd we;s cd;Hka;r ixúOdkj, wdrlaIl

j.lSïj,g wmlaImd;Sj by; f√oh we;'

msgqj 43

5 jk fldgi - kej; meñKSu" kej; ckdjdi ls¯u iy iudchg h<s

tl;= ls¯u yd iïnkaO m%;sm;a;s

28 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkag ;u ksfjia fyda iqmqre≥ jdiia:dk fj; wdrlaId iy

m%fõiï iys;j o" ;u wNsudkh /l.ksñka o" ish leue;af;ka m†xÑhg meñKSug

fyda rfgys fjk;a m<d;l ish leue;af;ka kej; ckdjdi ls¯ug bv ie,iSu

i|yd iq≥iq ;;a;ajhka f.dv ke.Su;a tA i|yd wjYH Wml%u i|yd u. ie,iSu;a

olaI wêld¯ka i;= wdrñNl hq;=lula iy j.lSuls' kej; meñKs fyda kej; ckdjdi

lrjk ,o" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a tAlShlrKh fyda iudchg h<s tl;= ls¯u

myiq ls¯u i|yd tjeks wêld¯ka Wolau h;ak oe˙h hq;=h'

2' fuf,i kej; meñKSu iy kej; ckdjdi ls¯u;a iudchg h<s;a tla ls¯u fyda

tAlShlrKh ls¯u;a i|yd jk ie,iqï ls¯ï iy m˙md,kh flfrys wNHka;r

wj;eka jQjkaf.a iïmQr®K iyNd.s;ajh ikd: lrñka iA:ßr lr.ekSu i|yd" úfYAI

m%h;akhka oe˙h hq;=h'

29 jk m%;sm;a;sh

1' fuf,i ;u ksfjia fyda iqmqre≥ jdiia:dk lrd meñKs mqoa.,hska fyda rfgys fjk;a

m<d;l kej; ckdjdi lrjk ,o wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqkaf.a wj;ek

fya;= lr .ksñka lsis≥ fjkialï ls¯ulska f;drj ie,lsh hq;=h' iEu uÜgulu

jk fmd≥ ldr®hhka ;=< iïmQr®K iy iu jQ iyNd.s;ajhlg whs;sh iy fmd≥ fiajdjka

fuka uyck fiajdjkaj,go msúiSug iu jQ whs;shla Tjqkg ,efnkq we;'

2' kej; meñKs iy$fyda kej; ckdjdi lrk ,o wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg Tjqka

úiska oud .sh fyda wj;ek fya;=fjka wysñ jQ ;u bvïlvï yd foam<o nvqndysrd†ho

kej; fidhd .ekSug;a ,nd .ekSug;a yels Wm˙u ≥rg Woõ wdOdr ls¯u i|yd olaI

wêld¯ka yg j.lSul=;a hq;=lul=;a we;' fujeks bvïlvï yd foam< kej; fidhd

.ekSug fkdyels wjia:dj,° olaI wêld¯ka úiska fuu wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka yg

fhda.H fyda WÑ; fyda iq≥iq jka† f.ùï fyda fjk;a wdldrhl idOdrK ms<shï

ls¯ula ke;fyd;a m%lD;su;a ls¯ula ,nd .ekSug wdOdr ,nd †h hq;=h'

30 jk m%;sm;a;sh

cd;Hka;r udkj ys;jd° ixúOdk iy wfkl=;a WÑ; iy iq≥iq l%shd lrkakjqka ;u

;ukag wod< fiajdjka bgq ls¯u l%shdfõ fhoùug;a" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka i|yd

Tjqkf.a kej; meñKSu fyda kej; ckdjdi ls¯u iy talShlrKh ls¯u jeks iudchg

h<s tl;= ls¯u i|yd Woõ wdOdr ,nd °ug b;d hqyqiqÆ iy ishÆ ndOdjkaf.ka f;drjQQ

msúiSula ke;fyd;a m%fõYhla i|yd" Woõ ls¯u iy myiq ls¯u wod< ishÆ wêld¯ka

úiska l< hq;=h'

44 msgqj

48 msgqj48 msgqj

jeä úia;r i|yd úuikak#

udkqISh fiajdh;k iuQyh ^CHA &fkd 86" frdiaóâ fmfoifld<U 07YS% ,xldj'

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