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Women's Education in the 18 th Century. By: Ocean-Leigh Peters, Tomalyn Young and Leanne Fancy . “It was in fact a matter of pride that English Women had so quickly become the most literate and refined of any nation on earth” – Miller Women’s Education “Self Improvement” . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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By: Ocean-Leigh Peters, Tomalyn Young and Leanne Fancy
WOMEN'S EDUCATION IN THE 18TH CENTURY
“It was in fact a matter of pride that English Women had so quickly become the most
literate and refined of any nation on earth” – Miller Women’s Education “Self
Improvement”
Depended on the governess and the teachers Unsystematic and haphazard
Private libraries Practical education to prepare them for mother and
wifehood Boarding schools
BASIC EDUCATION FOR YOUNG LADIES
In 1770 at St. Anne’s College the curriculum for women consisted of:
Studying the Bible Training in accounting and household management
Translation practice in French and English Botany Geology
Astronomy Geography
Study of history, particularly the British Empire
BASIC EDUCATION FOR YOUNG LADIES CONT…
Education was based on sexual differences Classical and non-classical education
Men were considered smarter than women Boys received better books than girls
“The very structure of a woman’s mind renders her incapable of profound thought and careful reasoning”- John
Bennett
BOY’S EDUCATION VS. GIRL’S EDUCATION
Day Boarders: meals were provided Day Scholars: provided their own meals
Schooling equaled social advancement and marriage for young ladies
Fees: basic fees were 100-200 pounds, cheaper schools were 40-60 pounds
More money, more education
BOARDING SCHOOLS
SPCK: Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge
Education for the poor “Object of Charity”
Girls curriculum: knitting stocking and school uniforms, embroidery, ironing, laundry duties, cleaning the school
rooms, and the fundamental rules of arithmetic. “Housewifery” education
CHARITY SCHOOLS
Wait lists St. James Westminster, St. Anne’s, Cripplegate Ward
School, St. Saviors
CHARITY SCHOOLS CONT…
1st Degree: for the nobility Take place at home or in expensive boarding schools
Should have the best education Girls were encouraged to support charities and improve
their mind No educational topic was off limits
A lady from the nobility should: “devote her time, her talents, and her fortune to the
improvement of public morals, and the increase of public happiness” - Miller
PRISCILLA WAKEFIELD’S EDUCATION PROPOSAL
2nd Degree: the wealthy middle class Day or domestic education for young ladies
Cooking, medicine, dressmaking, infant rearing, arithmetic, English, bookkeeping, and drawing
Once married should/would study her husband business Interest in charities like noble women
PRISCILLA WAKEFIELD’S EDUCATION PROPOSAL
CONT…
3rd Degree Day schools to learn
reading, writing, arithmetic, history and needlework
Taught modesty, humility, and sobriety
Earn their own living
4th Degree: the laboring poor
Charity, Sunday or Industrial schools
Practical education for their class
PRISCILLA WAKEFIELD’S EDUCATION PROPOSAL
CONT…
Born: April 27, 1759 Died: September 10, 1797
Mother of Mary Shelly who wrote Frankenstein Feminist philosopher
An author of novels, treaties, travel narratives, history of the French revolution, conduct literature and a children’s
book Written works involving the education of women:
“Thoughts of the Education of Daughters”, and “Vindication of the Rights of Women”
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT
Education for middle class children Discipline, honesty, frugality, social contentment and
reason
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT CONT…“THOUGHTS ON THE EDUCATION OF
DAUGHTERS”
Women only appear inferior to men due to a lack of education
Men and women are equal in the eyes of God Appropriate education for your place in society
Power to the middle class Women are powerful and important in their own way
Lack of education is bad for women, their children and their husbands
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT CONT…“A VINDICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF
WOMAN”
“Without virtuous wives and mothers, there can be no virtuous people nor virtuous nation. It is in women that
patriotism and morality depend” – Jean Jacques Rousseau
Powerful voice of feminism Influence on education for girls
Girls did not want to learn, a “natural” dislike
JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU
Enlightenment thinker Humans are good by
nature Corrupted by historical
events Difficulty with authorities over his works such as the
“Emile” Influenced by Immanuel
Kant
The “Emile” Details Rousseau’s
philosophy on education Rooted in the idea that
humans are basically good Education should cultivate out natural
tendencies Important moral lessons
for women and children Education means better
engagement in society
JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU CONT…
Sophie’s education is different than Emile’s Submissive to Emile
Training for womanhood Drawing, writing, counting, reading, art of pleasing,
religion and reason
JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU CONT… SOPHIE IN THE
EMILE
THANKS FOR WATCHING!We hope you enjoyed your 18th
century education