Workers Endure Hardships

Created by: Imani Earley, Jaquastia Watford, Antonio Powell, and

Nicholas Forward

Working Conditions in Factories

O Immigrants made up a large percentage of the work force.

O They worked many hard hours on machines and making mass-produced items.

O Worked for low wages, had to clock in and out of work, even on break hours. If they disobeyed the rules they would be fined.

O The workers had to work at a certain speed.O Working in the factory was often dangerous.

The factories were poorly lit, often overheated, and badly ventilated.

Families in the Workforce

O As industrialization advanced, more jobs opened up for women.

O Women worked as laundresses, telegraph operators, and typists.

O However, most women, and their families, worked in factories.

O The children went to work with their parents so they wouldn’t be on the streets.

O The kids could earned a wage by going with parents, and their wage helped their family to survive.

Families in the Workforce cont.

O By the end of the 1800’s, nearly one in five children between the ages of 10 and 16 worked rather than attending school.

O Conditions were really harsh for these children.

O Many children suffered stunted physical and mental growth.

O By the 1890s, social workers began to lobby to get children out of factories and into child care or schools.

O Eventually their efforts prompted states to pass legislation to stop child labor.

Factory/Company Towns

O Many laborers, especially those who worked in mines were forced to live in isolated communities near their workplaces.

O Housing in these communities, known as company towns, were owned by the business and rented out to employees.

O Company Towns- communities whose residents rely upon one company for jobs, houses, and shopping.

Factory/Company Towns cont.

O The employer also controlled the “company store,” where workers were forced to buy goods.

O The company store sold goods on credit but charged high interest. As a result, by the time the worker received wages, most of the income was owed back to the employer.

O Employers reinforced ethnic competition, and distrust. For example, Mexican, African-American, or Chinese workers could be segregated in separate towns.

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