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Working Group 2

Tools and Good Practices

“Forum on Disaster Reduction”

Shanghai, China, 28-31 July, 2010

Stephen Muller

Overstrand Municipality

Hermanus, South Africa

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Focus on Checklist points 3, 4 and 8

3. Maintain up-to-date data on hazards and vulnerabilities, prepare risk

assessments and use these as the basis for urban development

plans and decisions. Ensure that this information and the plans for

your city’s resilience are readily available to the public and fully

discussed with them.

4. Invest in and maintain infrastructure that reduces risk, such as flood

drainage, adjusted where needed to cope with climate change.

8. Protect ecosystems and natural buffers to mitigate floods, storm

surges and other hazards to which your city may be vulnerable.

Adapt to climate change by building on good risk reduction practices.

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CONTEXT

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4

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5

CONTEXT

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CONTEXT

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CONTEXT

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CONTEXT

• Total population = 73,000 people

• 11 towns spread over 230km of coast line

• Total developed urban properties = 25,000

• Total undeveloped urban properties = 10,000

• Large seasonal variation in population

• Largest industries are tourism and agriculture

• Budget per year: Operational =USD70m, Capital = USD25m

• Main town is Hermanus with a population of 37,000

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Greater Hermanus Area

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Municipal Risk Management

Municipal

Directorates

Infrastructure

and Planning

Finance

Community

Services

Protection

Services

Local Economic

Development

Management

Services

Risk Manager

RiskCommittee

Top 10 Risks

Integrated

Development

Plan

Budget

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Disaster Risk and Vulnerability – PROFILE & TRENDS

• Drought and Water Scarcity

• Flooding

• Fire and wind in dry season (summer)

• Moving sand dunes

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Disaster Risk and Vulnerability – PROFILE & TRENDSOverstrand Municipality

Annual rainfall measured at Hermanus Magnetic Observatory

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1947

1949

1951

1953

1955

1957

1959

1961

1963

1965

1967

1969

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

Year

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Rainfall Trend

11 years 6 years

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Overstrand Municipality

Hermanus Annual Water Demand

-

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

Year

kl

per

year

De Bos Dam Safe Yield Annual Demand Trend

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WHAT has been done so far to address the issue?

• Reduce demand (Water Demand Management)

• Additional supply

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Water Demand Management

• Clearing Invasive Alien Plants (DWA WfW)

• Water wise gardening

• Public awareness campaign

• Leak detection and leak repair

• Water re-use (treated effluent)

• Pressure management

• Metering (bulk and domestic)

• Water tariffs

• Water restrictions

• Development restrictions

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DWA : Working for Water

• Invasive alien plants pose a direct threat to biological diversity, water security, the ecological functioning of natural systems and the productive use of land. They intensify the impact of fires and divert enormous amounts of water from more productive uses.

• Alien plants cover about 10% of the country.

• Since 1995, the programme has cleared more than 1,000,000 hectares of invasive alien plants providing jobs and training to approximately 20,000 people from among the most marginalized sectors of society. Of these, 52% are women.

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• The programme is globally recognised as one of the most outstanding environmental conservation initiatives in Africa. It enjoys sustained political support for its job creation efforts and the fight against poverty.

• WfW considers the development of people as an essential element of environmental conservation. The emphasis is on employing:

– women (the target is 60%),

– youth (20%), and – disabled (5%).

• Creating an enabling environment for skills training, it is investing in the development of communities wherever it works. Implementing HIV and Aids projects and other socio- development initiatives are important objectives.

DWA : Working for Water

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Working for Water

Alien Clearing

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Working for Water - Alien Clearing

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Water Demand Management

• Clearing Invasive Alien Plants (DWA WfW)

• Public awareness campaign– Water wise gardening

– Water saving devices

– General information

• Water re-use (treated effluent)

• Leak detection and leak repair

• Pressure management

• Metering (bulk and domestic)

• Water tariffs

• Water restrictions

• Development restrictions

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Hermanus annual water demand

-

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

Year

kl

per

year

De Bos Dam Safe Yield Annual Demand Trend

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Additional supply and diversify sources

• Raise the De Bos Dam wall

• Build a new dam

• Abstraction of groundwater (boreholes)

• Desalination of sea water

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Hermanus ground water investigation

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Hermanus ground water investigation

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Hermanus ground water investigation

• Reduce demand (Water Demand Management)

• Additional supply

• 5 well fields identified

• 3 well fields established

• 1 well field in production

• Water quality

– Water is rich in Iron and Manganese

– Requires pre-treatment

• Cost

– Ground water = USD 0.12 per kl

– Surface water = USD 0.50 per kl

– Desalination = USD 1.00 per kl

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Hermanus annual water demand

-

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

Year

kl

per

year

De Bos Dam Safe Yield Annual Demand De Bos Dam and Ground water

2% growth 4% growth Trend

Well field 1

Well field 3

Well field 2

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What have been the GOOD PRACTICES…

• “Working for Water”

• 1st well field partly established (3 boreholes in production out of a

possible 10 boreholes)

•Good inter-governmental co-operation on all levels

(National, Provincial and Local) and between different

Departments (Water Affairs, Environmental, Social Services)

•Environmental management

• DWA “Working for Water” programme

– Good inter-governmental co-operation on all levels

(National, Provincial and Local) and between Departments.

– Many positive outcomes: less water demand from invasive

alien species, environmental restoration, job creation, skills

training, entrepreneurial development, poverty alleviation,

environmental education, empowerment of woman, the

youth and the disabled, HIV and AIDS awareness.

– National Programme with strong Local support

• Environmental management

– Environmental Impact Assessment

– Ecological monitoring

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… and the LESSONS LEARNED

• Our fresh water resources are limited and it must be managed

responsibly,

• Effective inter-governmental co-operation is possible,

• There are no sustainable “quick fixes” - an integrated long term

approach must be followed,

• Public participation and support is important and enough time

must be allowed for it.

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What are the CHALLENGES ahead?

• Completing the well fields,

• Manage the well fields responsibly,

• Research to gain an even better understanding of the aquifer,

• Expanding the programme to other towns,

• Implement sea water desalination when appropriate.

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… and HOW to address them?

• Ongoing implementation of the Hermanus Water Resource

Development and Management Programme

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CONLUSIONS

• The risk of drought/water scarcity has greatly been reduced by

the implementation of the Hermanus Water Resource

Development and Management Programme.

• The Programme yielded many additional benefits such as job

creation, skills training and empowerment of woman and the

youth.

• It is a sustainable Local solution with Provincial and National

support.

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Thank you