WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND ERGONOMICS.pdf

8/14/2019 WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND ERGONOMICS.pdf

1/31

WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT ANDERGONOMICS

SUZANA WATI BT ADNAN6 SEPT 2012


2/31

ERGONOMICRISK

WORKSTATION

HISTORY

WORKPLACEENVIRON-

MENT

SUB TOPIC

SMET


3/31

H ISTORY Early 1700s, Ramazzinis study of ill-effects of poor posture &

designed tools on the health of workers

Greek Words Ergon = work, Nomikos = lawErgonomics Study of Work Laws


4/31


5/31

THIRD O BJECTIVE OF OSHA 1994

To promote an occupationalenvironment for persons at work which

is adapted to their physiological andpsychological needs


6/31

W HAT IS ERGONOMICS ?

Ergonomics is fitting the job to the person.


7/31


8/31


Ergon worNomos law

Ergonomics is tlaws of work th

define the limitshuman capabilit


9/31


Ergonomics is the science ofimproving employee performanceand well-being in relation to the

job tasks, equipment, and the environment.


10/31


Ergonomics is a continuous improvement effort

to design the workplace for whatpeople do well, and design

against what people dont dowell.


11/31

A PPLYING ERGONOMICS

1. Study, research, & experimentation Evaluate human traits/characteristics we need to know for engineering

design

2. Application & engineering Design tools, machines, shelter, environment, work tasks, and job

procedures to fit and accommodate the human


12/31


13/31

THE B ASICS OF ERGONOMICS


14/31


15/31


16/31

ERGONOMIC R ISK F ACTORS

1 Doing repetitive work

2 Use of excessive force

3 Improper or static body posture

4 Work in long duration

5 Vibration due to hand tools

6 Contact stress on the blood veins, muscles and tendons due to contact stress due

to use of hand tools/equipments


17/31

W ORKSTATION DESIGN PRIN


18/31

W ORKSTATION DESIGN P


19/31

W ORKSTATION DESIGN P


20/31


21/31

MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (MSD S)

A situation arising by excessive use resulting in wear andtear to muscles, tendons, joints and surrounding tissues

In the long term, may result in incapability to use therelated body part


22/31


23/31

JOB A NALYSIS

Determination of measurement criteria and work target Compilation of history of targeted job task Identification of ergonomic risk factors Discovery of preventive measures

Selection of preventive measures Implementation of preventive measures Monitoring of preventive measures


24/31

CHARACTERISTICS OF SITTING W ORKS

High body stability

Use of exact andsensitive foot control

Precise hand movements


25/31

CHARACTERISTICS OF SITTING W ORKS

All work components and equipmentswithin seating range

Handling of heavy loads Static posture for long durations


26/31

CHARACTERISTICS OF STANDING W ORKS

Frequent handling ofheavy loads

Frequent stretching andmovements that requireuse of energy

Work mobility frequent forceful exertion

that requires high energy


27/31


28/31


29/31

CHARACTERISTICS OF SIT/STAND W ORKS

Provision of high chairs as the worker is required to alternate sittin

and standing and change of postures

Mobility of the chair Provision of footrest to reduce swelling and fatigue of the leg and f


30/31

DETERMINATION OF W ORKING H EIGHT


31/31

NORMAL AND M AXIMUM R ANGE

Documents

WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND ERGONOMICS.pdf