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WorkshopsMonday, May 7, 2007

Workshop 1Professional Airborne Digital Mapping Systems — An Overview Dave Fuhr, Airborne Data SystemsBrian Huberty, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTRODUCTORY Workshop

The primary objective of this tutorial is to review professional airborne digital mapping camera systems. We will discuss all advantages and disadvantages of these new, dynamic systems - technical, costs, feasibility, calibration and applications. Participants will leave with a better understanding of what it takes to map their projects by either contracting or acquiring airborne digital mapping camera systems.

I. Introduction II. Geospatial Information - What and Where is the Information you Need? A. Physical resolution B. Spectral resolution C. Positional accuracy III. History IV. Mapping and Multi-spectral Airborne Cameras V. Platforms UAV’s to U2’s VI. Camera Basics A. Array sensors-CCD,CMOS B. Linear/pushbroom sensors C. Scanning mirror D. Lenses E. Filters/bandwidth F. Electronic shutters VII. Camera Systems Design A. Processing and storage systems B. Aircraft power supply C. Navigation GPS/IMU D. Real-time data links VIII. Applications IX. References X. Future

Continuing Education Units (CEUs)

ASPRS, in conjunction with the University of Maryland, College Park, is pleased to offer ASPRS 2007 Annual Conference work-shop attendees the opportunity to earn Continuing Education Credits (CEUs). All attendees are eligible for CEUs if they attend any of the workshops, register on site for CEUs, and pay the processing fee of $25. For each workshop attended, one CEU for ev-ery 10 hours of eligible sessions attended is awarded to CEU registrants. (Full day workshops are eight (8) hours and receive 0.8 CEUs. Half day workshops are four (4) hours and receive 0.4 CEUs). Registration forms will be distributed during the workshops. Forms and payment are accepted on site at the Conference Registration Desk.

CEU participants will receive a certificate of completion awarded by the University of Maryland, College Park, approximately one month after the conference.

Please note: CEU’s are awarded to Workshop attendees only. Technical Sessions, General Sessions, Poster Sessions, or any other scheduled special event at this conference are not eligible for CEUs.

“ASPRS workshops bring together those interested in the latest technologies, methodologies, and sources of spatial data with

instructors who are on the cutting edge and willing to share their knowledge. Each workshop provides an excellent opportunity to

update skills and knowledge while interacting with a group of professionals with similar interests.”

~Russ Congalton, Workshop Coordinator

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Workshop 2Image Classification Techniques for the Development Of Accurate, Detailed, Quantitative Land Cover Data Kenneth A. Stumpf, Geographic Resource SolutionsJohn Koltun, Geographic Resource Solutions

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTRODUCTORY Workshop: Attendees should be acquainted with the basic concepts of image classification and GIS. Attendees should be interested in learning more about how to use classifica-tion techniques in different ways to generate detailed, quantitative, and accurate results. Those considering image classification efforts will find the workshop informative and gain knowledge about useful alternative strategies. Participants actively involved in image classification projects will find the workshop challenging and useful in identifying and discussing problems that may be affecting their ongoing projects.

This workshop is designed as a workflow that takes participants through the different stages of a land cover mapping (data devel-opment) project while identifying problems, issues, and concerns and comparing and contrasting traditional and alternative tech-niques. The workshop is built around the four major parts of an Image Classification Project - Data Acquisition and Preparation, Image Classification, Pixel to Polygon Conversion, and Accuracy Assessment. The workshop wraps up with a comprehensive sum-mary followed by final questions and answers.

I. Introduction A. Traditional image classification, output, and alternatives 1. categorical map data 2. quantitative map data B. An alternative classification methodology C. Comparison of classification data products II. An Alternative Land Cover Mapping Approach A. Data acquisition and preparation 1. procurement considerations 2. illumination normalization 3. training site selection 4. quantitative “ground-truth” - field data collection B. Image classification 1. training set development 2. classification a. supervised b. unsupervised C. Rule-based pixel aggregation to polygons 1. mathematical filtering 2. rule-based aggregation D. Accuracy assessment 1. error matrices 2. sources of bias III. Summary A. The land cover mapping strategy B. Questions

Workshop 3Advanced Topics in Orthophoto ProductionFrank L. Scarpace, Emeritus Professor, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMatt Steven, AeroSys Consulting

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

ADVANCED Workshop: In order to maximize the benefits of this course, participants should have previous experience with creating orthophotos from aerial or satellite imagery.

This course concentrates on two critical aspects of orthophoto pro-duction – automatic generation of pass/tie points and the produc-tion of orthophoto mosaics. Aerotriagulation will be reviewed and the principles used for automatic matching of conjugate points will be discussed. Many aspects of creating and correcting orthophoto mosaics will be highlighted. Example data sets will be provided for participants to gain experience in automated aerial triangulation and creating orthophoto mosaics during the afternoon.

Workshop Participants are asked to bring their own laptop com-puter to the workshop. Any laptop running Windows 2000 or XP is acceptable. Minimum of memory of 256Megs, at least 2 Gigs of free space on hard disk.

I. Introduction II. Interior Orientation III. Exterior Orientation A. Single aerial images B. Review of aerial triangulation IV. Matching Fundamentals V. Automated Point Selection VI. Producing an Orthophoto A. Resampling B. Single orthophoto VII. Automated Mosaic Routines A. Manual selection of seams B. Automatic selection of seams VIII. Correcting (Updating) Mosaics IX. Color Balance A. Uneven illumination B. Water effects X. Color Correcting Individual Tiles XI. Creating True Orthophotos XII. Creating Mosaics Yourself (2 ½ hours) XIII. Creating Orthophotos from Satellite Imagery XIV. Quality Control XV. Visual Orientation XVI. Creating Orthorectified Overlays. XVII. Summary

Workshops

Workshop registration fees are is NOT included in the full Conference registration fee. Workshops require separate registration and payment for each workshop. Please see the registration form http://www.asprs.org/tampa2007/registration.shtml. Availability is based on space.

ASPRS reserves the right to cancel any workshop if the minimum number of registrations is not received by April 7, 2007. Popular workshops sellout early, so register early to ensure your place in a selected workshop. Workshops are limited to a maximum of 40 attendees.

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Workshop 4Telegeoinformatics: An Introduction to Mobile MappingRobert Burtch, Ferris State University

8:00 am to 12:00 noon, CEU .4

INTRODUCTORY Workshop: The purpose of this workshop is to introduce the participants to the principles of mobile mapping and mobile computing.

Location-based services are growing in importance and the con-cept of telegeoinformatics will be defined and the components and applications will be described. The first part of the workshop will describe mobile mapping systems, configurations, and process-ing. This will involve the integration of data collection tools such as GPS, inertial measurement, digital cameras, laser scanners, and other spatial data collection devices. The workshop will not discuss the theory of these particular systems but will stress the inter-relationships. Some basic introduction of the technology will be presented. The advantages and disadvantages will be talked about as well as limitations to the technology. The second part of the workshop will discuss mobile computing systems. The technology will be presented to show the participant how specific hardware systems can be used in the field. Tradeoffs in the computing sys-tems will be discussed. Wireless technologies will be introduced and explained. Finally, the workshop will show the advantages of placing computing assets in the field and how an organization can exploit these technologies in updating and maintaining their data resources.

I. Introduction II. Overview of Spatial Data Technologies A. Component review: GPS, IMU, digital cameras, laser scanners, etc. B. Review of basic photogrammetric and remote sensing principles III. Mobile Mapping Systems A. Interrelationships between sensors B. Mathematical principles in sensor integration C. Calibration principles D. Applications of technology IV. Mobile Computing Overview A. Definition of mobile computing. B. Review of mobile computing hardware C. Challenges in placing computers into the field V. Wireless Technology A. Advantages and disadvantages of various wireless data networks B. Strategies for exploiting technology for data collection C. Trends VI. Location-Based Services – Telegeoinformatics A. Integrating data computing, data collection B. Types of applications/services C. Advantages for geospatial data systems VII. Concluding Remarks

Workshop 5Putting It All Together: Integrating Imagery to Derive Information for Decision-making Russell G. Congalton, University of New HampshireAndrew Brenner, Sanborn

1:00 pm to 5:00 pm, CEU .4

INTRODUCTORY Workshop: This workshop is designed for the user who has some remote sensing and spatial data analysis experience but wishes to gain a broader understanding of what is currently available and how to determine which imagery to use for her/his specific needs.

There is an ever-increasing plethora of remotely sensed imag-ery available for use in spatial data analysis. New satellites with increasing spatial and/or spectral resolution are becoming com-monplace. Airborne sensors and digital cameras offer many great opportunities. Advances in lidar and radar make these instruments viable tools today. Choices and confusion abound. This workshop is designed for those who wish to learn more about and appreci-ate the usefulness of this myriad of remotely sensed systems. It is for those who want to “put it all together” and see which systems or combination of systems provides the answer for their problems. The workshop begins with a presentation of the basic proper-ties of all these remote sensing systems. Once the basics are well understood, several important factors must be considered when integrating the imagery to derive information. These factors include geometric registration, image mosaicing, radiometric correction, and quality control/accuracy assessment. Case studies and applica-tion examples will be used to demonstrate the utility (pros and cons) of each image type and to highlight situations where great synergy exists between multiple image sources. Every participant will leave this workshop with a greater appreciation of how to match their spatial analysis needs to the current wealth of remotely sensed imagery.

I. Introduction A. Course overview B. Motivation 1. The benefits of remote sensing. 2. Integrating remotely sensed imagery with spatial data analysis II. Image Basics A. Historical context B. Image sources 1. cameras (analog and digital) 2. multispectral sensors 3. hyperspectral sensors 4. lidar 5. radar 6. Thermal C. Basic properties 1. spatial resolution 2. spectral resolution 3. radiometric resolution 4. temporal resolution 5. extent 6. cost III. Factors to Consider A. Geometric registration B. Image mosaicing C. Radiometric correction D. Quality control/accuracy assessment IV. Case Studies

Workshops

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Workshop 6Making SAR Accessible Don Atwood, Alaska Satellite FacilityRudiger Gens, Alaska Satellite Facility

8:00 am to 12:00 noon, CEU .4

INTRODUCTORY Workshop: This half-day workshop will intro-duce Remote Sensing professionals to Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). At the conclusion of the course, the student will understand the fundamentals of SAR as well as how SAR data is acquired, pro-cessed, and used in a wide variety of scientific applications.

Historically, SAR data has been used by a small group of experts, with specialized knowledge and processing tools. However, as more commercial sensors become available, there is an increasing demand to use SAR as a complementary data source for remote sensing and GIS applications. This workshop will enable the student to process SAR data into terrain-corrected, geocoded images that can be combined with other kinds of sensor data. The fundamental concepts introduced will be reinforced through practical demon-strations and exercises. Lastly, the students will learn how data can be acquired in support of their own research projects.

I. Introduction to SAR A. Platforms B. Geometry C. Bands D. Polarization E. Backscatter II. SAR processing A. Signal processing, range doppler B. Demo with SAR training processor III. Distortions A. Radiometric distortions B. Geometric distortions IV. SAR Products A. Level 0 vs. level 1 B. Slant range vs. ground range C. Single look complex V. Applications A. Sea ice monitoring B. Wind speeds C. Soil moisture D. Oceanographic E. Oil spills F. Land cover G. Hazard monitoring H. Geologic mapping I. DEM generation J. Surface deformation VI. Image Interpretation Exercise VII. Terrain Correction A. Layover B. Shadows VIII. Geocoding A. Map projections B. Datums C. Convert tool demo: creating a GeoTIFF from a ground range image IX. Data Fusion A. Merging with other data sources B. Examples X. Integrating SAR into GIS A. Utility for cloud covered regions XI. Accessing SAR data A. User order interface for U.S. researchers

Workshop 7Looking for Data? Brett Lein, U.S. Geological Survey Center for EROSRoger Oleson, U.S. Geological Survey Center for EROS

1:00 pm to 5:00 pm, CEU .4

INTRODUCTORY Workshop

User Services at the USGS Center for EROS and the NASA Earth System Science Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) in Sioux Falls, South Dakota are responsible for guiding the development and testing of data search and access tools, en-suring that products conform to user expectations, testing products and software compatibility, providing technical assistance to users, processing order and data acquisition requests, and providing out-reach to the user community. Based on these principles, LP DAAC User Services will host a presentation introducing our full suite of remote sensing data products and services. The LP DAAC discus-sion begins with a brief overview of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument on the Terra platform and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spec-troradiometer (MODIS) instruments on both the Terra and Aqua platforms. Methods for locating, reviewing, and ordering these data through the Earth Observing System Data Gateway (EDG), the Global Visualization (GloVis) viewer, and the LP DAAC Data Pool will also be presented. An overview will follow on the tools avail-able for manipulating data format and map projection, for product subsetting, for data analysis, and for quality assessment.

I. Who are we? II. Data Products Available A. ASTER B. MODIS III. Discover Data at Your Desk A. EOS Data Gateway (EDG) B. GloVis C. LP DAAC data pool D. Seamless IV. Data Manipulation Tools A. MODIS Reprojection Tool (MRT) B. MRT Swath Tool C. MODextract script D. Land Data Operational Product Evaluation (LDOPE) V. Data Applications A. ASTER B. MODIS

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Workshop 8Digital Terrain Models – Algorithms and Mathematical ProceduresYaron A. Felus, Ferris State University

8:00 am to 12:00 noon, CEU .4

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: In order to maximize the benefits of this workshop, participants should have an understanding of fundamental GIS principles. Moreover, basic knowledge of math, statistics and geometry is strongly suggested.

The primary objective of this workshop is to present algorithms and techniques to create, analyze, and utilize Digital Terrain Models (DTM). Basic spatial data structures such as Delaunay triangulation, Voronoi diagram, and Quadtrees will be described. Mathematical procedures for interpolation such as linear, trend estimation, inverse distance and kriging, will be studied using numerical examples. Fi-nally, advanced methods for DTM visualization, analysis and integra-tion such as contouring, 3D scene creation, drainage network, views-hed and watershed delineation, and co-kriging will be presented.

I. Introduction II. Spatial Data Structures: Vector Data A. Introduction to spatial tessellation B. Definition of Triangulation, the Deluanay Triangulation (DT) properties (circum-circle criterion) C. Incremental and static algorithms for DT construction (example) D. Triangulation with break lines – constrained triangulation E. Voronoi diagram, definition and construction procedure– (optional) Grid or Raster Data A. Image pyramid B. Quadtrees: algorithms, advantages, disadvantages, example - (optional) III. Mathematical Procedures for Interpolation A. Statistical thinking, mean, median and variance analysis of spatial data B. Concept of proximity C. Inverse distance interpolation (example) D. Trend estimation (example) E. Linear interpolation using DT (example) F. Kriging, variogram estimation, and prediction. (example) G. Interpolation techniques pros and cons IV. DTM Visualization Techniques A. Contouring procedures (the level curve tracing contouring algorithm) B. Shaded relief maps C. Advanced visualization methods (3D scenes, and flythrough movies) V. DTM Products or Data Fusion Techniques (as will be determined by the workshop attendees) A. Computing slope and aspect using GRID and TIN DEM (example) B. Calculating line of sight, and viewshed modeling (example) C. Drainage analysis, and watershed modeling (example) or A. Data fusion methods B. Co-kriging

WorkshopsWorkshop 9Thermal Remote Sensing Charles Olson, Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan

1:00 pm to 5:00 pm, CEU .4

INTRODUCTORY Workshop: This workshop is for anyone in-volved in or considering the use of thermal sensors for crop, forest or land-use monitoring, geo-botanical prospecting and/or model-ing of thermal energy upwelling from terrestrial features.

The goal of this workshop is to provide an examination of factors affecting thermal signals upwelling from terrain features. Effects of these factors on applications of thermal data in agriculture, forestry, geology, water/wetland management, and wildlife management will be presented and discussed.

I. The Energy Flow Profile for Thermal Remote Sensors A. Energy sources i. target as source ii. Role of Solar Energy B. Emissivity and exitance C. Atmospheric transmission effects D. Sensor response (spectral bands) 1. detectors and spectral bands 2. instantaneous-field-of-view (IFOV) a. spatial resolution vs. thermal sensitivity b. mixed-pixel responses III. Emittance of Terrain Materials by Day and at Night A. Plants B. Soil and rocks C. Water D. Man-made materials IV. Applications A. Agriculture B. Energy C. Forestry D. Geology E. Wildlife management V. Considerations in Data Acquisition A. Thermal data in multi-spectral systems B. Flight planning

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Tuesday, May 8, 2007

Workshop 10 Hyperspectral Image Processing and Feature Extrac-tion: Maximizing Geospatial Information Retrieval William Farrand, Space Science InstituteStuart Blundell, Visual Learning Systems, Inc.

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: Intended for users of remote sensing data including analysts who may have used multispectral data and GIS systems and are now interested in using hyperspectral data and feature extraction in their work. Also appropriate for managers who must make decisions about what kind of remote sensing data to purchase for their projects and/or what kind of image processing or feature extraction software that they should purchase.

Imaging spectrometry, commonly referred to as hyperspectral remote sensing, provides high-resolution spectral information for environmental and natural resource projects. Hyperspectral image processing approaches can also be applied to broadband multi-spectral imagery and results from these analyses can be used to enhance automated feature extraction techniques. In this work-shop, we will provide students with an introduction to imaging spectrometry, hyperspectral image processing techniques, and automated feature extraction to demonstrate how results obtained from digital imagery can add value to maintenance of geospatial databases. Hyperspectral data requires a substantially different pro-cessing approach from that required for multispectral data; howev-er, such an approach can add value to information extraction from broadband multispectral data. We will emphasize that the added value in imaging spectrometry is on the spectrometry, the ability to identify materials based on their reflectance signatures. We will briefly discuss the phenomenology of reflectance spectrometry and explain why some materials are more amenable to mapping than others. We will describe commercially available processing systems that are available for processing hyperspectral and multispectral data and discuss the processing techniques within those packages. Certain processing techniques are better suited to certain applica-tions. We will explain why this is so. We will also discuss some of the advantages and shortcomings of current airborne and orbital hyperspectral systems as well as planned systems.

Hyperspectral imagery provides users with discrete spectral, and con-sequently compositional, information about Earth surface materials. The ability to integrate other types of geologic, geochemical, biologic, or hydrologic data with information from hyperspectral data improves the interpretation and mapping process. A GIS uses relational databas-es of tabular information and spatial data (vector, CAD, grid, image) to spatially explore how disparate types of data are related to solve a problem. The student will be introduced to the concepts of develop-ing feature extraction models for automated feature extraction using hyperspectral, Lidar, DEMs and multispectral data within a GIS. We will provide real-world examples of how end products, derived from hyperspectral and multispectral data processing, including resultant mineral and vegetation species maps, can be incorporated into the Feature Analyst for feature extraction in a GIS. The desired final result is a map that will be of immediate utility to the end user.

We will provide a package of materials to the students that will in-clude hard copies of the material presented and an extensive list of references on the topics addressed. We will engage the class with an in-class exercise and several “take-home” hands-on exercises.

Topics to be addressed:

I. Define Imaging Spectrometry (Hyperspectral Remote Sensing) II. The Phenomenology of Reflectance Spectrometry III. Automated Feature Extraction in a GIS with Feature Analyst IV. Commercially Available Hyperspectral Imaging (Hsi) Soft Ware Packages V. Processing Techniques for Applications of HSI And Msi (Demonstration) VI. Feature Extraction Strategies In A Gis Using Hsi and MSI Results VII. Descriptions of Available and Soon-to-be Available Hyperspectral Systems VIII. Exercises IX. Case Studies X. Summary and Final Discussion

Workshop 11Preparing For ASPRS Certification Robert Burtch, Professor , Ferris State University

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: Assumes participants have subject knowledge and are serious about taking the Certification Exam.

The purpose of this workshop is to prepare individuals who are planning to sit for the ASPRS Certification exams as a Certified Photogrammetrist or Certified Mapping Scientist in either Remote Sensing or GIS. The workshop will begin by explaining the purpose and form of the exam. It will then identify key topical areas that an applicant should be aware of prior to taking the exam. Topics will start with a review of the basic concepts and sample questions to show how they will be tested for on the exam. Finally, the work-shop will try to identify resources in which exam takers should be aware of and study from in their preparation for the examination.

I. Purpose of the Exam A. Role of the exam in the certification process B. Format of the exam C. Topical areas covered on each of the three different exams II. Geodesy/Surveying A. Principles of State Plane Coordinates B. Surveying Technologies C. Resources for further study III. Photogrammetry A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study IV. Remote Sensing A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study V. Geographic Information Systems A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study VI. Other Topical Areas of Importance in Preparation for the Exam

Workshops

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Workshop 12Airborne GPS and Inertia in Support of Triangula-tion and Orientation of Airborne Framing and Push broom Sensors Qassim A. Abdullah, Chief Scientist, EarthData International of

Maryland Riadh Munjy, Professor of Surveying and Civil Engineering, California

State University, FresnoMushtaq Hussain, Professor of Surveying and Civil Engineering,

California State University, Fresno

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: In order to maximize the benefits of this course, participants should have some knowledge or previous experience with aerial triangulation and the use of ABGPS/IMU to orient airborne sensors. In addition, a good understanding of pho-togrammetric and mapping accuracy standards are suggested.

The workshop will provides the participants with good understand-ing of the new concept of controlling the camera position with a differential carrier phase GPS receiver and an Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) to dramatically reduce the amount of ground control required for conventional aerial triangulation. In addition, the workshop will discuss the principal of push broom digital imag-ing and methods of triangulating the newly utilized framing digital and push broom sensors. The workshop will also present design concepts, practical results, and strengths and shortcomings of the technology. Participants, at the end of the workshop, are expected to have enough understanding to enable them to evaluate, design, and/or execute an airborne GPS-controlled aerial-triangulation mission.

I. What is Airborne GPS and IMU-controlled Aerial-triangu- lation and How Does it Differ from Traditional Aerial-tri- angulation? II. What is the Integrated GPS/Inertial Measurement Tech- nology? III. Fundamentals of the Airborne GPS System IV. Fundamentals of the Push Broom Digital Photography, the ADS40 Case V. The Status of Airborne GPS and Imu-controlled Aerial- triangulation in Production Today. VI. Functional System Design and Requirements for an Air- borne GPS Photogrammetric System. VII. Flight Design and Control Criteria for Successful Airborne GPS-controlled Missions for Framing Camera. VIII. Flight Design and Control Criteria for Successful Airborne GPS-controlled Missions for Push Broom Digital Camera (ADS40) IX. Theoretical Consideration of Airborne-controlled Aerial- triangulation X. Practical Results and Errors Analysis

Workshop 13Emerging Technologies in Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Mike Renslow, Renslow Mapping ServicesClaire Kiedrowski, KAPPA Mapping, Inc.

8:00 am to 5:00 pm, CEU .8

INTERMEDIATE Workshop

This workshop provides an overview of emerging technologies and their impact on photogrammetry and remote sensing methodolo-gies. The advance towards full digital mapping from start to finish, and the capacity to capture very large amounts of data supported by rapid processing and software will alter the way maps and imagery are produced in the near future. At the same time, active sensors, hand-held data collection devices, and feature extraction are changing fundamental mapping procedures and the way data is supplied to GIS.

Participants will receive an overview of the systems, technologies, and impacts on mapping in the next two to three years, as well as, the institutional issues involved in implementation.

Workshop topics include:

I. Metric Digital Sensors (large and medium format) II. Direct Georeferencing (INS, GPS, IMU) III. Impact of New Technologies on Photogrammetry (‘heavy’ stereo coverage, nearly no ground control, true orthos, institutional issues, software) IV. Automatic Feature Extraction (linear features and buildings) V. Active Sensors (Lidar, Radar, data processing and software, and future systems) VI. Satellite-borne Sensors VII. Mobile Mapping (hand-held technologies, Auto-GIS update VIII. Supporting Technologies (Communications, Standards, GPS, Computing Speeds, UAVs) IX. The adoption of the NCEES Model Law for licensure of Photogrammetrists

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Workshop 14Looking Above the Terrain Model: Lidar for Vegetation Assessment Sorin C. Popescu, Texas A&M University

8:00 am to 12:00 noon, CEU .4

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: The participants are expected to have a basic understanding of remote sensing techniques and im-age processing.

The overall goal of this workshop is to introduce participants to lidar processing techniques and applications for deriving informa-tion on forest resources and canopy parameters. More specific objectives are to: (1) briefly familiarize participants with basic lidar and laser ranging concepts; (2) introduce types of lidar sensors for forest resources assessment and the Las Lidar data format; (3) review algorithms for deriving information on forest resources; (4) review processing techniques for generating canopy height models and “multi-band” Lidar height bins, (5) introduce participants to TreeVaW, a Lidar processing software for identifying and measuring individual trees on Lidar-derived canopy height models, and (6) discuss an array of processing techniques derived from multi- and hyper-spectral image processing for using Lidar-derived data prod-ucts for assessing vegetation parameters.

The following topics will be addressed:

I. Why Use Lasers for Range Finding? II. Types of Lidar Sensors and the Las Lidar Data Exchange Format III. Full Waveform vs. Discrete-returns, Small Footprint Lidar IV. Lidar Interaction with Forest Vegetation: Lidar Discrete Points and Interpolated Surfaces V. Approaches to Lidar Processing for Assessing Forest Vegetation VI. Seeing the Trees in the Forest: Lidar Measurements of Forest Biophysical Parameters at Individual Tree Level VII. Treevaw: An Automated Software Application using Fil- tering with Variable Window Size to Locate and Measure Individual Trees VIII. Making use of all Lidar Points Above the Terrain Model: Height Bins and Pseudo-waveforms IX. Lidar Direct Measurements of Tree Height, Crown Diam- eter, and Crown Base Height and Methods for Estimat- ing Volume, Biomass, Percent Canopy Cover, Leaf Area Index, and Fuel Models, etc., by using Lidar Data and Lidar-multispectral Fused Imagery

WorkshopsWorkshop 15Assessing the Accuracy of GIS Information Created from Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices Kass Green, President, Alta VistaRussell G. Congalton, University of New Hampshire

1:00 pm to 5:00 pm, CEU .4

INTERMEDIATE Workshop: In order to maximize the benefits of this course, participants should have previous experience with GIS and remotely sensed data. In addition, a good understanding of statistical principles is also strongly suggested.

This course focuses on the principles, techniques, and practical aspects of assessing the accuracy of GIS information derived from remotely sensed data. Participants will receive instruction in how to design accuracy assessment procedures, allocate accuracy as-sessment samples, collect both field and photo reference data, and analyze accuracy assessment results. While spatial accuracy is ad-dressed, the course primarily focuses on methods and analysis for thematic accuracy assessment. Examples of accuracy assessment case studies based on actual project data will be presented and discussed. Each participant in this course will come away with a solid understanding of accuracy assessment procedures for spatial data, and the knowledge to properly interpret the results of such procedures.

I. Introduction II. Overview A. Why do an accuracy assessment? B. Historical review C. The Error Matrix III. Sample Design A. What are the map classes to be assessed? B. What is the appropriate sample unit? C. How many samples should be taken? D. How should the samples be chosen? IV. Data Collection Considerations A. What should be the source of the reference data? B. How should the reference data be collected? C. When to collect data? D. Ensuring objectivity and consistency V. Basic Analysis Techniques A. Types of analysis B. Analysis techniques VI. Analysis of Differences in the Error Matrix